Page last modified 18 August 2023
Tunisia
Community
Area 163,610 square kilometres (land area 155,360 square kilometres)
Population,
950,000 (1860)
1,500,000 (1900)
1,986,900 (1906)
2,093,939 (1921)
2,608,313 (1936)
3,230,952 (1946)
3,783,169 (1956)
4,178,000 (1960)
5,064,000 (1970)
6,374,000 (1980)
8,242,000 (1990)
9,708,000 (2000)
10,635,000 (2010)
11,180,000 (2015)
11,565,000 (2018)
Ethnicity and Religion, %
|
|
Arab |
European |
Jewish |
Muslim |
|
1946 |
92.6 |
7.3 |
3.0 |
86.7 |
|
1956 |
|
6.7 |
|
|
|
1970 |
|
0.9 |
0.4 |
|
|
1980 |
|
|
|
98.0 |
|
2009 |
98.0 |
1.0 |
|
99.5 |
Birth and death rates Below replacement rate = 2.1
|
|
Fertility Rate |
Birth Rate |
Infant Mortality |
Death Rate |
% Aged Under 15 |
% Aged Over 65 |
% Urban |
|
1950 |
|
46.0 (+23.0) |
|
23.0 |
38.9 |
5.7 |
30.6 |
|
1960 |
6.9 |
47.0 (+23.7) |
179.0 |
23.3 |
43.5 |
3.7 |
37.5 |
|
1970 |
6.7 |
35.0 (+29.5) |
122.0 |
15.5 |
45.5 |
3.5 |
43.5 |
|
1980 |
5.2 |
31.0 (+22.0) |
69.0 |
9.0 |
41.7 |
3.9 |
50.6 |
|
1990 |
3.5 |
25.0 (+18.7) |
44.2 |
6.3 |
37.2 |
4.9 |
57.9 |
|
2000 |
2.1 |
17.0 (+11.5) |
25.0 |
5.5 |
29.5 |
6.7 |
63.4 |
|
2010 |
2.1 |
18.0 (+12.7) |
15.8 |
6.3 |
23.3 |
7.5 |
65.9 |
|
2015 |
2.2 |
18.6 (+12.2) |
14.8 |
6.4 |
23.7 |
7.6 |
66.8 |
|
2016 |
|
|
14.7 |
|
23.9 |
7.8 |
67.0 |
|
2017 |
2.2 |
18.0 (+11.7) |
14.7 |
6.3 |
|
|
|
|
2018 |
|
|
14.5 |
|
24.1 |
8.3 |
|
Life expectancy,
44.6 (1952); 44.0 (M), 45.0 (F)
42.0 (1960); 41.0 (M), 43.0 (F)
51.1 (1970); 50.1 (M), 52.3 (F)
62.0 (1980); 60.9 (M), 63.2 (F)
68.8 (1990); 66.8 (M), 71.0 (F)
73.3 (2000); 70.8 (M), 75.8 (F)
74.8 (2010); 72.7 (M), 77.1 (F)
76.8 (2020); 74.8 (M), 78.8 (F)
Population of principal cities, 1000s MA = Metropolitan Area
|
|
Aryana |
Bizerte |
Gabes |
Sfax |
Sousse |
TUNIS |
|
1900 |
|
|
|
|
|
145 |
|
1926 |
|
20 |
|
16 |
29 |
186 |
|
1945 |
|
39 |
23 |
55 |
37 |
355 |
|
1956 |
|
47 |
24 |
66 |
48 |
410 |
|
1975 |
|
63 |
41 |
171 |
70 |
505 |
|
1984 |
99 |
95 |
93 |
232 |
84 |
597 |
|
1994 |
|
99 |
99 |
231 |
125 |
674 |
|
2004 |
|
114 |
116 |
265 |
173 |
729 |
|
2014 |
114 |
401 MA |
153 |
330 |
675 MA |
2,644 MA |
Wealth; Gross Domestic Product (nominal values)
|
|
GDP, US$ million |
Total GDP, % of USA |
GDP per capita, US$ |
GDP per capita % of USA |
|
1957 |
|
|
147 |
|
|
1965 |
789 |
0.11 |
220 |
5.75 |
|
1970 |
1,670 |
0.16 |
284 |
5.41 |
|
1975 |
4,170 |
0.26 |
743 |
9.50 |
|
1980 |
8,740 |
0.31 |
1,368 |
10.86 |
|
1985 |
8,410 |
0.20 |
1,168 |
6.39 |
|
1990 |
12,310 |
0.21 |
1,510 |
6.30 |
|
1995 |
18,030 |
0.24 |
2,013 |
6.69 |
|
2000 |
19,870 |
0.20 |
2,210 |
6.06 |
|
2005 |
28,700 |
0.22 |
3,200 |
7.22 |
|
2010 |
44,050 |
0.29 |
4,140 |
8.56 |
|
2015 |
43,160 |
0.24 |
3,825 |
6.81 |
|
2016 |
42,060 |
0.23 |
3,670 |
6.39 |
GDP by primary sector
|
|
Agriculture % GDP |
Agriculture % employed |
Industry % GDP |
Industry % employed |
Services % GDP |
Services % employed |
|
1960 |
|
56.0 |
|
18.0 |
|
26.0 |
|
1970 |
20.0 |
42.0 |
13.0 |
|
|
|
|
1980 |
14.0 |
35.0 |
14.0 |
21.7 |
|
40.0 |
|
1990 |
13.3 |
23.4 |
44.8 |
34.0 |
41.9 |
42.0 |
|
2000 |
13.0 |
|
33.0 |
|
54.0 |
|
|
2010 |
10.6 |
18.3 |
34.6 |
31.9 |
54.8 |
49.8 |
|
2014 |
|
14.8 |
|
33.2 |
|
51.7 |
|
2016 |
9.9 |
|
26.2 |
|
63.3 |
|
Communications
Language, Official; Arabic.� Berber, French also spoken
Literacy
16.0% (1960)
47.4% (1980); 61.2% (M), 33.7% (F)
54.5% (1985); 68.0% (M), 41.0% (F)
66.4% (1995); 78.6% (M), 54.6% (F)
71.0% (2000); 81.4% (M), 60.6% (F)
74.3% (2003); 83.4% (M), 65.3% (F)
77.7% (2009); 86.4% (M), 69.0% (F)
81.8% (2015); 89.6% (M), 74.2% (F)
Physical communications � roads
|
|
Roads (km) |
Surfaced (km) |
Motor vehicles |
Cars |
Commercial Vehicles |
|
1947 |
9,000 |
|
|
10,355 |
5,690 |
|
1951 |
14,000 |
|
22,000 |
|
|
|
1954 |
|
|
45,000 |
31,000 |
|
|
1956 |
|
|
|
36,939 |
15,326 |
|
1964 |
15,692 |
|
76,800 |
|
|
|
1966 |
|
|
|
56,602 |
32,346 |
|
1977 |
17,250 |
|
|
110,002 |
81,370 |
|
1982 |
|
10,500 |
|
141,185 |
141,426 |
|
1986 |
18,500 |
16,325 |
459,000 |
292,700 |
157,800 |
|
1996 |
23,100 |
18,200 |
581,000 |
|
|
|
2002 |
|
|
869,931 |
585,194 |
266,499 |
|
2007 |
|
|
1,050,000 |
746,700 |
300,500 |
|
2010 |
|
|
1,259,000 |
848,000 |
|
|
2013 |
|
|
1,330,000 |
891,000 |
|
|
2016 |
|
|
|
990,000 |
|
Railways, �First railway in Tunisia opened 1876.
Length, kilometres
192 (1880)
633 (1890)
876 (1900)
1,645 (1910)
2,029 (1920)
2,062 (1930)
2,099 (1940)
2,174 (1950)
2,106 (1956)
2,021 (1966)
2,136 (1983) (1.0% e)
2,152 (1994) (5.1% e)
2,197 (2002)
2,165 (2010)
2,173* (2014)
*1,991 km in use, of which 65 km electrified.
Tunis light rail network opened 1985, Length, kilometres,
32 (2002, 2014)
Electronic communications, TV broadcasts began 1966
|
|
Telephones (landlines) |
Mobile Telephones |
Radios |
Televisions |
PCs |
Internet Users |
|
1939 |
|
|
28,000 |
|
|
|
|
1946 |
11,988 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
1950 |
|
|
65,000 |
|
|
|
|
1954 |
|
|
92,987 |
|
|
|
|
1957 |
33,710 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
1960 |
|
|
170,000 |
|
|
|
|
1966 |
61,923 |
|
240,000 |
|
|
|
|
1967 |
|
|
|
33,000 |
|
|
|
1975 |
65,000 |
|
1,100,000 |
190,000 |
|
|
|
1980 |
112,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
1987 |
|
224 |
|
|
|
|
|
1990 |
302,800 |
953 |
1,550,000 |
625,000 |
21,000 |
|
|
1995 |
|
3,200 |
1,800,000 |
800,000 |
60,000 |
3,500 |
|
2000 |
955,100 |
119,200 |
2,060,000 |
2,000,000 |
207,874 |
100,000 |
|
2005 |
1,165,000 |
5,681,000 |
|
2,250,000 |
568,106 |
1,300,000 |
|
2007 |
|
|
|
|
767,500 |
1,722,190 |
|
2010 |
1,290,000 |
11,114,000 |
|
|
|
3,650,000 |
|
2016 |
974,975 |
14,282,000 |
|
|
|
5,665,000 |
|
2017 |
|
|
|
|
|
5,848,500 |
Tourism: Visitors� to Tunisia,
34,000 (1950)
63,000 (1960)
410,000 (1970)
1,016,000 (1977)
1,500,000 (1985)
3,204,000 (1990)
4,120,000 (1995)
5,058,000 (2000)
6,378,000 (2005)
7,828,000 (2010)
5,359,000 (2015)