Page last modified 21 August 2023
215) Taiwan (formerly Formosa)�
Community
Area 35,980 square kilometres (land area 32,260 square kilometres)
Population,
2,464,967(1898)
2,825,347 (1902)
3,100,000 (1910)
5,872,000 (1940)
6,083,617 (1946)
7,591,298 (1953)
10,700,000 (1960)
14,925,000 (1970)
17,905,000 (1980)
20,680,000 (1990)
21,966,000 (2000)
23,188,000 (2010)
23,557,000 (2015)
23,726,000 (2018)
Ethnicity, %,
|
|
Indigenous |
Chinese Han |
Japanese |
Immigrants post-1960 |
|
1904 |
3.5 |
94.6 |
1.7 |
|
|
1955 |
2.0 |
98.0* |
|
|
|
1970 |
2.0 |
98.0* |
|
|
|
2010 |
2.4 |
95.0 |
|
3.1 |
*20% of these were refugees from mainland China, 1949
Religion %
|
|
Buddhist |
Christian R C |
Daoist |
No religion |
|
1900 |
20.0 |
0.1 |
75.6(1) |
0.0 |
|
1970 |
41.0 |
2.5 |
51.4(1) |
0.1 |
|
1990 |
41.0 |
7.0 |
48.0 |
|
|
2005 |
35.1 |
3.9 |
33.0 |
18.7 |
(1) �Chinese folk religionists � an amalgam of Buddhism, Taoism, Confucianism, Animism�. World Christian Encyclopaedia, 1975, p.235
Birth and death rates Below replacement rate = 2.1
|
|
Fertility Rate |
Birth Rate |
Infant Mortality |
Death Rate |
% Aged Under 15 |
% Aged Over 65 |
% Urban |
|
1950 |
|
45.0 (+35.0) |
34.0 |
10.0 |
42.1 |
1.9 |
52.2 |
|
1960 |
|
36.0 (+30.0) |
|
6.0 |
45.4 |
2.5 |
58.5 |
|
1970 |
|
24.0 (+19.0) |
|
5.0 |
39.6 |
3.0 |
64.4 |
|
1980 |
|
21.0 (+16.0) |
|
5.0 |
32.1 |
4.3 |
|
|
1990 |
|
15.7 (+10.5) |
|
5.2 |
27.0 |
6.1 |
|
|
1995 |
1.8 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2000 |
1.8 |
14.4 (+8.7) |
7.1 |
5.9 |
20.1 |
9.0 |
|
|
2010 |
1.1 |
9.0 (+2.1) |
5.3 |
6.9 |
16.0 |
11.0 |
|
|
2014 |
1.1 |
8.6 (+1.4) |
4.5 |
7.0 |
14.0 |
12.0 |
77.0 |
Life
expectancy,
63.0 (1950); 61.0 (M), 65.0 (F)
68.1 (1965); 65.8 (M), 70.4 (F)
73.3 (1985); 70.8 (M), 75.8 (F)
74.2 (1990); 71.5 (M), 77.0 (F)
75.9 (2000); 72.9 (M), 78.8 (F)
78.0 (2010); 75.0 (M), 81.0 (F)
80.5 (2020); 77.9 (M), 83.3 (F)
Population of principal cities, 1000s
|
|
Kaohsiung1 |
Taichung |
Tainan |
TAIPEI2 |
|
1904 |
|
|
100 |
118 |
|
1940 |
340 |
|
142 |
|
|
1950 |
277 |
202 |
226 |
750 |
|
1960 |
453 |
292 |
330 |
1,329 |
|
1970 |
735 |
430 |
475 |
2,150 |
|
1985 |
1,300 |
|
|
2,510 |
|
1990 |
|
802 |
697 |
|
|
2001 |
1,480 |
984 |
741 |
2,690 |
|
2009 |
2,770 MA |
|
|
2,630 |
|
2015 |
2,779 MA |
2,744 MA |
1,885 MA |
2,705 |
1Developed as an international port after 1958.
2The city�s name means �terraced bay�, from the appearance of the coast here.
Wealth; Gross Domestic Product (nominal values)
|
|
GDP, US$ million |
Total GDP, % of USA |
GDP per capita, US$ |
GDP per capita % of USA |
|
1965 |
2,297 |
0.40 |
210 |
|
|
1970 |
6,210 |
0.60 |
426 |
8.40 |
|
1975 |
15,520 |
0.95 |
961 |
12.70 |
|
1980 |
41,420 |
1.48 |
2,326 |
18.94 |
|
1985 |
62,080 |
1.47 |
3,224 |
18.24 |
|
1990 |
160,390 |
2.76 |
7,881 |
33.96 |
|
1995 |
264,970 |
3.58 |
12,438 |
44.78 |
|
2000 |
310,220 |
3.11 |
13,888 |
39.91 |
|
2007 |
383,000 |
2.77 |
16,730 |
|
|
2010 |
430,000 |
|
35,600 |
|
|
2016 |
530,000 |
|
|
|
GDP by primary sector
|
|
Agriculture % GDP |
Agriculture % employed |
Industry % GDP |
Industry % employed |
Services % GDP |
Services % employed |
|
1945 |
|
50.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
1970 |
|
48.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
1988 |
6.1 |
|
46.1 |
|
47.1 |
|
|
2001 |
2.0 |
8.0 |
32.0 |
36.0 |
66.0 |
56.0 |
|
2007 |
1.5 |
5.0 |
27.8 |
37.0 |
70.7 |
59.0 |
|
2011 |
1.3 |
5.2 |
32.0 |
35.9 |
66.9 |
58.8 |
|
2016 |
1.9 |
4.9 |
36.1 |
35.9 |
62.0 |
59.2 |
Communications
Language, Official, Chinese (Amoy/Mandarin), also Taiwanese dialect
Literacy
60.0% (1951)
85.0% (1985)
90.0% (1988)
92.0% (1990)
95.8% (2000)
97.6% (2010)
98.5% (2015); 99.7% (M), 97.3% (F)
Physical communications � roads
|
|
Roads (km) |
Surfaced (km) |
Motor vehicles |
Cars |
Commercial Vehicles |
|
1955 |
15,680 |
|
12,000 |
4,120 |
4,560 |
|
1962 |
|
|
|
9,000 |
11,500 |
|
1964 |
16,000 |
|
60,000 |
30,700 |
27,920 |
|
1979 |
17,300 |
|
|
340,660 |
201,300 |
|
1990 |
20,053 |
|
|
2,500,000 |
600,000 |
|
2001 |
37,000 |
|
|
4,800,000 |
830,700 |
|
2007 |
40,000 |
|
6,719,000 |
5,700,000 |
1,000,000 |
|
2013 |
42,420 |
42,078 |
7,307,000 |
|
|
Railways;
First railway, Taipei to Keelung, 29 kilometres, opened 1891.� Taipei to Hsinchu opened 1893; this was extended through Taiching to Kaohsiung in 1908.
Length, kilometres, (% electrified)
450 (1900)
3,715 (1957)
4,000 (1962)
4,500 (1964)
4,500 (1968)
3,403 (1981)
2,747 (1985)
2,439(1991)
2,363 (1997)
1,450 (2005)
1,580 (2010)
1,597 (2014) (64.9% e)
Urban metro systems, kilometres (year opened)
|
|
Kaohsiung (2008) |
Taipei (1996) |
|
2010 |
40.4 |
92.9 |
|
2015 |
47.3 |
131.1 |
Electronic communications, 1000s, TV broadcasting began 1962
|
|
Telephones (landlines) |
Mobile Telephones |
Radios |
Televisions |
PCs |
Internet Users |
|
1938 |
19 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
1950 |
|
|
14 |
|
|
|
|
1960 |
67 |
|
445 |
|
|
|
|
1962 |
109 |
|
1,000 |
2 |
|
|
|
1968 |
230 |
|
|
300 |
|
|
|
1978 |
|
|
|
1,000 |
|
|
|
1980 |
2,566 |
|
|
5,000 |
|
|
|
1991 |
9,254 |
|
|
6,660 |
1,773 |
|
|
1997 |
11,000 |
|
16,000 |
|
|
|
|
1998 |
|
|
|
|
|
2,800 |
|
2001 |
|
23,905 |
|
9.900 |
8,890 |
|
|
2002 |
13,099 |
|
|
|
|
8,590 |
|
2006 |
13,513 |
|
|
|
13,100 |
|
|
2010 |
16,433 |
27,840 |
|
|
|
16,147 |
|
2016 |
13,771 |
29,680 |
|
|
|
20,600 |
Tourism: Visitors to Taiwan,
1,451,659 (1985)
1,700,000 (1987)
1,854,506 (1991)
2,624,000 (2000)
5,652,000 (2010)