Page last modified 19 August 2023
Sweden
Community
Area 450,295 square kilometres (land area 410,335 square kilometres)
Population,
900,000 (1600)
1,450,000 (1720)
1,785,727 (1750)
2,347,303 (1800)
2,500,000 (1830)
3,482,541 (1850)
4,022,564 (1863)
4,565,668 (1880)
4,919,260 (1895)
5,136,441 (1900)
5,904,489 (1920)
6,142,191 (1930)
6,371,432 (1940)
7,041,829 (1950)
7,483,000 (1960)
8,043,000 (1970)
8,311,000 (1980)
8,559,000 (1990)
8,872,000 (2000)
9,378,000 (2010)
9,799,000 (2015)
10,183,000 (2018)
Ethnicity, %
|
|
Finland |
Iran |
Iraq |
Lapp |
Poland |
Sweden |
Syria |
|
1900 |
|
|
|
0.1 |
|
99.0 |
|
|
1930 |
|
|
|
|
|
99.7 |
|
|
1992 |
|
|
|
|
|
94.3 |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
|
|
|
88.2 |
|
|
2012 |
2.4 |
0.8 |
1.7 |
|
0.9 |
79.9 |
|
|
2016 |
1.5 |
0.7 |
1.4 |
|
0.9 |
70.4 |
1.5 |
Religion, %
|
|
Christian Lutheran |
Jewish |
Muslim Sunni |
None |
|
1937 |
|
0.2 |
|
|
|
1947 |
|
0.3 |
|
|
|
1990 |
85.0* |
|
|
12.0 |
|
2005 |
87.0* |
|
3.0 |
|
|
2010 |
|
|
5.0 |
|
|
2015 |
66.3 |
0.1 |
3.0 |
26.6 |
* An estimated half of these were only nominally Lutheran
Birth and death rates Below replacement rate = 2.1
|
|
Fertility Rate |
Birth Rate |
Infant Mortality |
Death Rate |
% Aged Under 15 |
% Aged Over 65 |
% Urban |
|
1751 |
|
37.0 (+11.0) |
|
26.0 |
|
|
|
|
1765 |
|
|
216.1 |
|
|
|
|
|
1801 |
|
31.0 (+7.0) |
198.7 |
24.0 |
|
|
3.9 |
|
1851 |
|
32.0 (+10.0) |
146.0 |
22.0 |
|
|
4.7 |
|
1860 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
11.0 |
|
1890 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
13.7 |
|
1901 |
|
26.0 (+11.0) |
99.0 |
15.0 |
32.4 |
|
23.0 |
|
1911 |
|
23.6 (+9.7) |
|
13.9 |
|
|
|
|
1930 |
2.1 |
14.1 (+2.5) |
50.0 |
11.6 |
|
|
|
|
1940 |
2.1 |
18.7 (+8.1) |
30.0 |
10.6 |
|
|
|
|
1950 |
2.0 |
16.0 (+6.0) |
|
10.0 |
23.4 |
10.3 |
55.4 |
|
1960 |
2.1 |
15.0 (+5.0) |
16.3 |
10.0 |
22.4 |
11.8 |
72.5 |
|
1970 |
2.0 |
14.0 (+4.1) |
11.3 |
9.9 |
20.8 |
13.7 |
81.3 |
|
1980 |
1.7 |
12.0 (+1.0) |
7.0 |
11.0 |
19.6 |
16.3 |
83.1 |
|
1990 |
2.1 |
15.0 (+3.9) |
6.0 |
11.1 |
17.9 |
17.8 |
83.1 |
|
2000 |
1.5 |
10.7 (+0.2) |
3.5 |
10.5 |
18.4 |
17.3 |
84.0 |
|
2010 |
2.0 |
11.9 (+2.4) |
2.5 |
9.5 |
16.5 |
18.2 |
85.1 |
|
2015 |
1.9 |
11.7 (+2.4) |
2.4 |
9.3 |
17.3 |
19.6 |
85.8 |
|
2016 |
|
|
2.3 |
|
17.4 |
19.8 |
86.0 |
|
2017 |
1.9 |
11.5 (+2.4) |
2.3 |
9.1 |
|
|
|
|
2018 |
|
|
2.2 |
|
17.6 |
20.1 |
|
Life expectancy,
35.1 (1750); 33.5 (M), 36.6 (F)
38.0 (1780); 34.1 (M), 41.8 (F)
39.0 (1800); 37.2 (M), 40.8 (F)
43.4 (1820); 41.4 (M), 45.3 (F)
36.1 (1840); 44.3 (M), 47.9 (F)
48.0 (1860); 46.6 (M), 49.5 (F)
57.9 (1913); 56.5 (M), 59.2 (F)
64.2 (1933); 63.2 (M), 65.3 (F)
72.0 (1953); 70.5 (M), 73.4 (F)
73.0 (1960); 71.2 (M), 74.9 (F)
74.6 (1970); 72.2 (M), 77.2 (F)
75.7 (1980); 72.8 (M), 78.9 (F)
77.5 (1990); 74.8 (M), 80.4 (F)
79.6 (2000); 77.4 (M), 82.0 (F)
81.5 (2010); 79.5 (M), 83.5 (F)
82.9 (2020); 81.1 (M), 84.6 (F)
Population of principal cities, 1,000s MA = Metropolitan Area
|
|
Goteborg1 |
Linkoping |
Malmo2 |
STOCKHOLM3 |
Uppsala |
|
1252 |
|
|
|
0.1 |
|
|
1289 |
|
|
|
3 |
|
|
1500 |
|
|
|
7 |
|
|
1600 |
|
|
|
15 |
|
|
1750 |
|
|
|
60 |
|
|
1800 |
|
|
38 |
|
|
|
1860 |
32 |
6 |
|
124 |
|
|
1900 |
132 |
15 |
61 |
301 |
23 |
|
1910 |
168 |
|
88 |
|
|
|
1922 |
|
|
|
500 |
|
|
1946 |
315 |
48 |
171 |
672 |
47 |
|
1951 |
358 |
|
196 |
752 |
|
|
1960 |
401 |
65 |
226 |
808 |
76 |
|
1966 |
443 |
79 |
256 |
775 |
|
|
1976 |
442 |
112 |
233 |
700 |
145 |
|
1986 |
430 |
120 |
230 |
660 |
155 |
|
1996 |
454 |
132 |
248 |
710 |
184 |
|
2006 |
481 |
137 |
273 |
800 |
184 |
|
2016 |
1,001 MA |
156 |
320 |
2,227 MA |
149 |
1Founded in 1616 by King Gustavus Adolphus, Goteborg is linked to Stockholm by the Gota Canal, opened 1832.
2Malmo was founded in the 12th century AD.� In the Middle Ages Malmo was the principal herring port of the Hanseatic League.
3Settled since prehistoric times, Stockholm grew around a fort erected in 1260 to guard the entrance to Lake Malar.� Stockholm was made the capital of Sweden in 1436.
Wealth; Gross Domestic Product (nominal values)
|
|
GDP, US$ million |
Total GDP, % of USA |
GDP per capita, US$ |
GDP per capita % of USA |
|
1948 |
5,600 |
2.51 |
805 |
52.79 |
|
1956 |
8,600 |
2.40 |
|
|
|
1960 |
14,842 |
2.73 |
1,983 |
65.95 |
|
1965 |
23,260 |
3.13 |
3,000 |
78.37 |
|
1970 |
33,290 |
3.20 |
4,670 |
89.00 |
|
1975 |
72,440 |
4.43 |
9,970 |
127.49 |
|
1980 |
125,560 |
4.49 |
16,850 |
133.75 |
|
1985 |
100,720 |
2.39 |
13,500 |
73.90 |
|
1990 |
237,930 |
4.10 |
30,160 |
125.90 |
|
1995 |
240,190 |
3.25 |
30,000 |
99.77 |
|
2000 |
228,390 |
2.29 |
29,300 |
80.38 |
|
2005 |
354,100 |
2.70 |
43,100 |
97.27 |
|
2010 |
459,000 |
3.07 |
52,100 |
107.70 |
|
2015 |
495,700 |
2.75 |
50,600 |
90.02 |
|
2016 |
511,000 |
2.75 |
51,600 |
89.79 |
GDP by primary sector
|
|
Agriculture % GDP |
Agriculture % employed |
Industry % GDP |
Industry % employed |
Services % GDP |
Services % employed |
|
1890 |
|
50.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
1900 |
|
54.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
1910 |
|
46.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
1920 |
|
41.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
1930 |
|
36.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
1940 |
|
29.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
1950 |
|
20.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
1960 |
|
14.0 |
|
45.0 |
|
41.0 |
|
1980 |
|
5.0 |
|
34.0 |
|
61.0 |
|
1990 |
|
3.5 |
41.0 |
28.0 |
55.0 |
68.5 |
|
2000 |
|
2.0 |
25.0 |
24.0 |
69.0 |
74.0 |
|
2010 |
1.8 |
1.1 |
26.9 |
28.1 |
70.7 |
74.7 |
|
2016 |
1.6 |
2.0 |
33.2 |
12.0 |
65.2 |
86.0 |
Communications
Language Finnish, Sami, Official; Swedish
Swedish, 99.0% (1990)
Literacy,
99.7% (1900)
99.9% (1980 and after)
Physical communications � roads, A road and rail link between Malmo (Sweden) and Copenhagen (Denmark) opened in 2000
|
|
Roads (km) |
Surfaced (km) |
Motor vehicles |
Cars |
Commercial Vehicles |
|
1938 |
84,994 |
|
|
|
|
|
1945 |
|
|
|
95,967 |
|
|
1947 |
90,237 |
3,950 |
|
161,226 |
71,304 |
|
1955 |
|
|
755,000 |
637,000 |
|
|
1960 |
93,500 |
13,000 |
|
1,200,000 |
128,000 |
|
1962 |
|
|
|
1,424,000 |
137,800 |
|
1970 |
98,500 |
27,000 |
2,450,000 |
2,200,000 |
155,000 |
|
1980 |
180,000 |
|
|
2,882,956 |
194,367 |
|
1990 |
204,500 |
110,000 |
|
3,450,000 |
280,000 |
|
2000 |
211,500 |
|
|
3,890,000 |
375,000 |
|
2005 |
|
168,850 |
4,629,000 |
|
460,000 |
|
2010 |
|
|
4,875,000 |
|
|
|
2013 |
|
|
5,074,000 |
|
|
|
2016 |
|
|
|
4,768,060 |
616,178 |
Railways; First railways in Sweden opened 1856; Gothenburg to Jonsered and Malmo to Lund.
Length, kilometres (% electrified)
526 (1860)
1,728 (1870)
5,878 (1880)
8,021 (1890)
11,309 (1900)
13,835 (1910)
14,875 (1920)
16,531 (1930)
16,617 (1940) (42.4% e)
16,523 (1950)
15,611 (1960) (47.2% e)
14,974 (1961)
12,807 (1970)
12,005 (1980)
11,745 (1985) (63.6% e)
11,079 (2000) (69.6% e)
11,633 (2010)
Urban metro systems, kilometres
Stockholm (opened 1950)
63.0 (1970)
108.0 (1996)
110.0 (2003)
110.0 (2015)
Electronic communications, 1,000s, TV broadcasts began 1956 (colour from 1970).
|
|
Telephones (landlines) |
Mobile Telephones |
Radios |
Televisions |
PCs |
Internet Users |
|
1938 |
803 |
|
1,157 |
|
|
|
|
1945 |
1,168 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
1947 |
1,426 |
|
1,959 |
|
|
|
|
1950 |
1,600 |
|
2,153 |
|
|
|
|
1960 |
|
|
2,744 |
1,030 |
|
|
|
1961 |
2,761 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
1962 |
|
|
|
1,505 |
|
|
|
1969 |
4,097 |
|
2,905 |
2,363 |
|
|
|
1980 |
4,820 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
1981 |
|
20 |
|
|
|
|
|
1985 |
|
73 |
|
|
|
|
|
1988 |
|
|
|
|
500 |
|
|
1990 |
5,849 |
461 |
7,500 |
4,000 |
900 |
|
|
1995 |
|
2,008 |
7,750 |
|
2,200 |
|
|
1998 |
|
|
|
|
|
2,900 |
|
2000 |
6,728 |
6,372 |
8,300 |
5,100 |
4,500 |
|
|
2004 |
|
8,400 |
|
|
6,861 |
6,800 |
|
2006 |
|
10,892 |
|
|
8,000 |
|
|
2010 |
5,014 |
|
|
|
8,440 |
|
|
2016 |
3,328 |
12,362 |
|
|
|
9,041 |
|
2017 |
|
|
|
|
|
9,216 |
Tourism: Visitors to Sweden,
814,000 (1987)
2,309,000 (1995)
3,828,000 (2000)
4,883,000 (2005)
5,183,000 (2010)
6,482,000 (2015)