Page last modified 20 August 2023
Serbia (Yugoslavia), (see also Kosovo, Montenegro)
Community
Area square kilometres
255,804 (2001) Former Yugoslavia
88,361 (2001) Serbia, Montenegro, and Vojvodina
77,474 (2011) Serbia and Vojvodina (land area 77,474 square kilometres)
55,968 (2001) Serbia only
Population,
Serbia
only
1,120,000 (1860)
1,901,736 (1884)
2,314,153 (1895)
2,493,770 (1900)
Yugoslavia
13,934,038 (1931)
15,171,935 (1948)
16,936,573 (1953)
18,549,291 (1961)
20,522,000 (1971)
22,424,771 (1981)
23,120,000 (1985)
Serbia,
Kosovo, and Vojvodina
5,795,724 (1931)
6,979,154 (1953)
7,642,227 (1961)
8,447,000 (1971)
9,316,676 (1981)
10,394,026 (1991)
10,651,690 (2001)
Serbia
and Vojvodina
7,586,000 (1990)
7,516,000 (200)
7,291,000 (2010)
7,095,000 (2015)
6,982,000 (2018)
Serbia
only
4,458,394 (1953)
4,823,274 (1961)
5,250,000 (1971)
5,466,009 (2002)
Ethnicity, Y = Yugoslavia, S� =Serbia
|
|
Alban. |
Bosnia |
Croat |
Hung. |
Maced. |
M�neg. |
Roma |
Serb |
Slovene |
|
1953(Y) |
|
|
23.5 |
|
5.3 |
2.7 |
|
41.7 |
8.8 |
|
1970(Y) |
5.0 |
|
26.0 |
3.0 |
6.0 |
3.0 |
1.8 |
47.0 |
10.0 |
|
1981(S) |
14.0 |
|
1.6 |
4.2 |
|
|
|
66.8 |
|
|
2010(S) |
|
2.0 |
0.9 |
3.5 |
|
0.9 |
2.1 |
83.3 |
|
Religion,
|
|
Christian Serb Orthodox |
Christian R C |
Christian Protestant |
Jewish |
Muslim Sunni |
|
1931(Y) |
48.7 |
35.7 |
1.7 |
0.5 |
11.2 |
|
1947(Y) |
|
|
|
0.1 |
|
|
1953(Y) |
41.4 |
31.8 |
0.9 |
|
12.3 |
|
1990(S) |
79.0 |
|
|
|
13.0 |
|
2002(S) |
85.0 |
|
|
0.6 (Y) |
|
|
2010(S) |
84.0 |
5.5 |
1.1 |
|
3.2 |
Birth and death rates Below replacement rate = 2.1
|
|
Fertility Rate |
Birth Rate |
Infant Mortality |
Death Rate |
% Aged Under 15 |
% Aged Over 65 |
% Urban |
|
1901 |
|
|
|
|
41.9 |
|
18.4* |
|
1935 |
|
27.9 (+11.9) |
|
16.0 |
|
|
|
|
1950 |
|
|
|
|
31.1 |
5.7 |
17.2 |
|
1960 |
2.5 |
|
|
|
29.8 |
|
27.2 |
|
1965 |
2.5 |
20.9 (+12.2) |
71.8 |
8.7 |
|
|
|
|
1970 |
2.3 |
|
|
|
25.3 |
|
38.7 |
|
1980 |
2.1 |
|
|
|
21.1 |
|
42.3 |
|
1983 |
|
16.5 (+7.1) |
39.0 |
9.4 |
|
|
|
|
1990 |
1.8 |
13.6 (+1.6) |
25.0 |
12.0 |
23.8 |
9.6 |
50.4 |
|
2000 |
1.5 |
12.2 (-1.6) |
11.0 |
13.8 |
20.5 |
13.5 |
53.2 |
|
2010 |
1.4 |
9.4 (-4.5) |
6.6 |
13.9 |
17.3 |
14.5 |
55.2 |
|
2014 |
1.4 |
9.3 (-4.7) |
5.8 |
14.0 |
16.8 |
15.9 |
55.5 |
|
2015 |
1.5 |
9.3 |
5.4 |
|
16.7 |
16.3 |
55.6 |
|
2017 |
1.5 |
9.2 (-5.6) |
5.0 |
14.8 |
|
|
|
|
2018 |
|
|
4.8 |
|
15.7 |
18.3 |
56.1 |
*Serbia only
Life expectancy,
58.1 (1953); 56.9 (M), 59.3 (F)
64.0 (1960); 62.4 (M), 65.6 (F)
70.4 (1980); 67.2 (M), 73.6 (F)
71.8 (1990); 69.0 (M), 74.6 (F)
72.7 (2000); 70.1 (M), 75.2 (F)
74.3 (2010); 71.5 (M), 77.3 (F)
76.1 (2020); 73.5 (M), 78.7 (F)
Population of principal cities, MA = Metropolitan Area
|
|
BELGRADE1 |
Nis |
Novi Sad |
|
1426 |
50,000 |
|
|
|
1683 |
100,000 |
|
|
|
1800 |
25,000 |
|
6,900 |
|
1850 |
15,000 |
|
18,700 |
|
1872 |
26,674 |
12,000 |
|
|
1890 |
57,485 |
19,877 |
|
|
1900 |
70,516 |
24,573 |
28,763 |
|
1910 |
90,890 |
24,949 |
33,089 |
|
1921 |
110,000 |
28,625 |
39.122 |
|
1931 |
266,849 |
35,465 |
63,895 |
|
1953 |
470,000 |
60,700 |
83,180 |
|
1961 |
843,209 |
144,650 |
162,075 |
|
1981 |
1,470,073 |
230,711 |
257,685 |
|
1991 |
1,168,560 |
|
|
|
2001 |
1,581,129 MA |
248,561 |
266,176 |
|
2009 |
1,576,124 MA |
|
|
|
2011 |
|
|
277,522 |
|
2013 |
|
260,237 |
|
|
2016 |
1,683,962 MA |
|
|
1The site of a 4th century AD Celtic fort, the city�s name means �white castle�
From
the 1300s through to the reign of the Ottoman Sultan, Suleiman the Magnificent,
the Belgrade region saw a retreat of Serbian and other central European powers
in the face of Ottoman expansion into the Balkans. The Belgrade region then
became a long-running battle zone between Austro-Hungary and the declining
Ottoman Empire, after Suleiman�s reign ended. Belgrade itself was razed several times. It only regained
prosperity and population again in the late 1800s as the Kingdom of Serbia was
re-established out of former Ottoman lands.
Wealth; Gross Domestic Product (nominal values) Yugoslavia, Serbia
|
|
GDP, US$ million |
Total GDP, % of USA |
GDP per capita, US$ |
GDP per capita % of USA |
|
1956 |
4,800 |
1.34 |
|
|
|
1966 |
10,000 |
1.23 |
510 |
12.30 |
|
1970 |
|
|
650 |
12.39 |
|
1976 |
36,100 |
|
|
|
|
1984 |
|
|
5,600 |
|
|
1988 |
53,700 |
|
6,540 |
|
|
1995 |
16,750 |
0.23 |
2,200 |
7.32 |
|
2000 |
7,000 |
0.07 |
870 |
2.39 |
|
2005 |
25,250 |
0.19 |
3,530 |
7.97 |
|
2010 |
39,500 |
0.26 |
5,410 |
11.18 |
|
2015 |
37,160 |
0.21 |
5,240 |
9.32 |
|
2016 |
37,750 |
0.20 |
5,350 |
9.31 |
GDP by primary sector
|
|
Agriculture % GDP |
Agriculture % employed |
Industry % GDP |
Industry % employed |
Services % GDP |
Services % employed |
|
1950 |
27.6 |
78.3 |
28.6 |
12.5 |
|
|
|
1960 |
|
63.0 |
|
18.0 |
|
19.0 |
|
1967 |
22.6 |
56.7 |
40.6 |
25.0 |
|
|
|
1980 |
|
29.0 |
|
35.0 |
|
36.0 |
|
1988 |
11.5 |
28.7 |
54.6 |
30.9 |
33.9 |
32.8 |
|
2000 |
26.0 |
|
36.0 |
|
38.0 |
|
|
2010 |
12.6 |
23.9 |
21.9 |
20.5 |
65.5 |
55.6 |
|
2016 |
9.9 |
17.8 |
41.2 |
25.6 |
48.9 |
56.6 |
Communications
Language Official,
Serbian
|
|
Albanian |
Bosniak |
Hungarian |
Romany |
Serbian |
|
1990 |
7.0 |
|
|
|
93.0 |
|
2002 |
|
1.8 |
3.8 |
1.1 |
88.3 |
Literacy
14.0% (1895)
77.0% (1960)
89.0% (1980)
89.6% (1990); 95.5% (M), 83.9% (F)
97.9% (1995); 98.6% (M), 97.3% (F)
96.4% (2010); 98.9% (M), 94.1% (F)
98.8% (2015); 99.5% (M), 98.2% (F)
Physical communications � roads, �Yugoslavia, Serbia
|
|
Roads (km) |
Surfaced (km) |
Motor vehicles |
Cars |
Commercial Vehicles |
|
1950 |
46,256 |
2,318 |
32,000 |
12,000 |
20,000 |
|
1956 |
|
|
38,500 |
14,700 |
|
|
1962 |
58,000 |
|
|
99,130 |
43,845 |
|
1964 |
|
|
204,800 |
|
|
|
1968 |
|
|
|
440,000 |
103,000 |
|
1980 |
93,000 |
|
|
1,900,000 |
|
|
1988 |
119,608 |
|
3,855,200 |
3,023,700 |
203,000 |
|
1990 |
|
|
2,069,385 |
1,405,455 |
119,350 |
|
2002 |
45,290 |
28,000 |
|
1,500,000 |
131,000 |
|
2004 |
54,818 |
|
|
|
|
|
2005 |
|
|
|
1,481,000 |
|
|
2010 |
|
|
|
1,566,000 |
|
|
2015 |
|
|
|
1,835,000 |
|
Railways; First railway 1846 (in what was formerly the territory of� Yugoslavia). First railway in present-day (2017) Serbian territory opened 1884, Belgrade to Nish, 151 miles.
Length, kilometres, (% electrified)
171 (1850)*
436 (1860)*
1,072 (1870)*
1,855 (1880)*
4,027 (1890)*
5,757 (1900)*
7.495 (1910)*
8,618 (1920)*
10,016 (1930)*
9,650 (1940)*
11,545 (1950)*
11,875 (1960)*
10,701 (1968)*
9,762 (1980)*
9,283 (1985)* (38.1% e)
3,960 (1992) (33.9% e) (Serbia)
4,300 (1999)
4,150 (2000) (33.4% e)
3,809 (2005)
3,809 (2010)
3,809 (2015) (33.6% e)
*In territory of former Yugoslavia
Electronic communications, Radio broadcasting began 1929. TV broadcasting began 1958 (colour from end-1971).
Y = Yugoslavia, S� =Serbia.
|
|
Telephones (landlines) 1,000s |
Mobile Telephones |
Radios 1,000s |
Televisions 1,000s |
PCs |
Internet Users |
|
1938(Y) |
68 |
|
148 |
|
|
|
|
1950(Y) |
76 |
|
336 |
|
|
|
|
1959(Y) |
236 |
|
1,309 |
|
|
|
|
1960(Y) |
|
|
1,562 |
|
|
|
|
1961(Y) |
276 |
|
1,827 |
62 |
|
|
|
1968(Y) |
549 |
|
3,171 |
|
|
|
|
1979(Y) |
1,912 |
|
4,600 |
4,200 |
|
|
|
1990(S) |
2,159 |
|
|
1,800 |
|
|
|
1993(S) |
|
|
|
|
125,000 |
|
|
1995(S) |
|
|
|
|
150,000 |
|
|
1996(S) |
|
14,800 |
3,080 |
|
|
|
|
2000(S) |
2,406 |
1,303,000 |
1,120 |
2,200 |
240,000 |
|
|
2002(S) |
|
|
|
|
|
640,000 |
|
2004(S) |
|
4,730,000 |
|
|
389,000 |
|
|
2010(S) |
3,110 |
|
|
|
|
4,107,000 |
|
2016(S) |
2,712 |
9.095,000 |
|
|
|
4,790,000 |
Tourism: Visitors to Serbia,
Yugoslavia,
5,966,000 (1979)
6,447,000 (1980)
8,436,000 (1985)
7,880,000 (1990)
8,907,000 (1997)
Serbia,
470,000 (1992)
228,000 (1995)
239,000 (2000)
453,000 (2005)
683,000 (2010)
1,132,000 (2015)