Page last modified 16 August 2023
Panama
Community
Area 75,420 square kilometres (land area 74,340 square kilometres)
Population,
311,000 (1896)
370,000 (1900)
361,000 (1909)
336,000 (1911)
467,000 (1930)
622,576 (1940) +33.3%
893,000 (1950) +43.4%
1,130,000 (1960) +29.5%
1,520,000 (1970) +34.5%
1,980,000 (1980) +30.3%
2,470,000 (1990) +24.7%
3,030,000 (2000) +22.7%
3,650,000 (2010) +20.5%
4,315,000 (2020) +18.2%
Ethnicity, %
|
|
Afro-Carib |
Amerindian |
Mestizo |
White |
|
1940 |
13.3 |
9.5 |
65.3 |
11.1 |
|
1950 |
14.0 |
9.0 |
65.0 |
11.0 |
|
2010 |
9.2 |
12.3 |
65.0 |
6.7 |
Religion, %
|
|
Christian Protestant |
Christian R C |
No religion |
|
1940 |
6.0 |
93.0 |
|
|
1950 |
6.0 |
93.0 |
|
|
1980 |
|
93.0 |
|
|
1990 |
5.0 |
85.0 |
|
|
2000 |
14.0 |
80.0 |
|
|
2013 |
19.0 |
72.0 |
4.0 |
Birth and death rates Below replacement rate = 2.1
|
|
Fertility Rate |
Birth Rate |
Infant Mortality |
Death Rate |
% Aged Under 15 |
% Aged Over 65 |
% Urban |
|
1940 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
33.8 |
|
1950 |
|
40.0 (+27.0) |
93.0 |
13.0 |
41.0 |
3.9 |
36.0 |
|
1960 |
5.9 |
41.0 (+30.2) |
66.0 |
9.8 |
43.9 |
3.6 |
41.2 |
|
1970 |
5.2 |
37.6 (+30.1) |
50.6 |
7.5 |
44.1 |
3.8 |
47.6 |
|
1980 |
3.9 |
30.0 (+24.4) |
35.4 |
5.6 |
40.9 |
4.2 |
50.4 |
|
1990 |
3.1 |
26.0 (+21.1) |
26.0 |
4.9 |
35.9 |
4.8 |
53.9 |
|
2000 |
2.7 |
23.5 (+18.7) |
22.0 |
4.8 |
32.0 |
5.5 |
62.2 |
|
2010 |
2.6 |
21.1 (+16.2) |
17.0 |
4.9 |
29.1 |
6.8 |
65.1 |
|
2015 |
2.5 |
19.8 (+14.8) |
14.5 |
5.0 |
27.9 |
7.6 |
66.6 |
|
2017 |
2.5 |
19.3 (+14.3) |
13.6 |
5.0 |
|
|
|
|
2018 |
|
|
13.1 |
|
27.1 |
8.1 |
67.7 |
Life expectancy,
55.3 (1952); 54.0 (M), 56.0 (F)
60.8 (1960); 59.9 (M), 61.9 (F)
65.5 (1970); 64.2 (M), 67.0 (F)
70.3 (1980); 68.0 (M), 72.7 (F)
73.0 (1990); 70.2 (M), 76.0 (F)
75.1 (2000); 72.6 (M), 77.7 (F)
76.9 (2010); 73.9 (M), 80.0 (F)
78.6 (2020); 75.5 (M), 81.8 (F)
Population of principal cities
PANAMA CITY, Founded in 1519 but destroyed by the Welsh pirate Henry Morgan in 1671. It was subsequently rebuilt on a site 11 km to the west.
25,000 (1890)
28,000 (1902)
40,000 (1913)
176,021 (1940)
273,000 (1960)
386,393 (1980)
828,000 (1990)
880,691 (2010)
Wealth; Gross Domestic Product (nominal values)
|
|
GDP, US$ million |
Total GDP, % of USA |
GDP per capita, US$ |
GDP per capita % of USA |
|
1948 |
125 |
0.06 |
179 |
11.74 |
|
1954 |
220 |
0.06 |
|
|
|
1960 |
537 |
0.10 |
474 |
15.76 |
|
1965 |
852 |
0.11 |
648 |
16.93 |
|
1970 |
1,351 |
0.13 |
890 |
16.96 |
|
1975 |
2,435 |
0.15 |
1,395 |
17.84 |
|
1980 |
4,614 |
0.17 |
2,332 |
18.51 |
|
1985 |
6,542 |
0.16 |
2,950 |
16.15 |
|
1990 |
6,434 |
0.11 |
2,600 |
10.85 |
|
1995 |
9,574 |
0.13 |
3,500 |
11.64 |
|
2000 |
12,305 |
0.12 |
4,060 |
11.14 |
|
2005 |
16,375 |
0.13 |
4,920 |
11.10 |
|
2010 |
28,920 |
0.19 |
7,940 |
16.41 |
|
2015 |
52,133 |
0.29 |
13,134 |
23.37 |
|
2016 |
55,190 |
0.30 |
13,680 |
23.80 |
GDP by primary sector
|
|
Agriculture % GDP |
Agriculture % employed |
Industry % GDP |
Industry % employed |
Services % GDP |
Services % employed |
|
1960 |
|
51.0 |
|
14.0 |
|
11.0 |
|
1980 |
9.1 |
33.0 |
8.7 |
10.3 |
85.0 |
56.0 |
|
1990 |
11.0 |
27.0 |
14.5 |
14.0 |
75.0 |
59.0 |
|
2000 |
7.0 |
|
17.0 |
|
76.0 |
|
|
2010 |
5.8 |
17.0 |
16.6 |
19.0 |
77.6 |
64.0 |
|
2016 |
2.5 |
|
15.5 |
|
76.7 |
|
Communications
Language Official; Spanish. Creole, English, also spoken.
Spanish (first language) 93.0% (2010)
Literacy
87.1% (1980); 87.1% (M), 87.2% (F)
88.2% (1990); 89.0% (M), 87.7% (F)
92.1% (2000); 92.7% (M), 91.4% (F)
93.4% (2010); 94.0% (M), 92.8% (F)
95.0% 92015); 95.7% (M), 94.4% (F)
Physical communications � road and railways, First railway opened 1855, from Panama to Colon. Panama City metro system, 15.8km, opened 2014.
|
|
Roads (km) |
Surfaced (km) |
Motor vehicles |
Cars |
Commercial Vehicles |
Railways (km) |
|
1938 |
1,457 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
1942 |
|
|
|
|
|
638 |
|
1949 |
1,724 |
560 |
|
|
|
|
|
1955 |
|
|
19,200 |
13,200 |
|
240 |
|
1959 |
2,813 |
|
22,978 |
18,400 |
9,200 |
|
|
1961 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1962 |
3,900 |
2,200 |
|
|
|
|
|
1964 |
|
|
36,900 |
|
|
|
|
1968 |
6,722 |
|
53,433 |
|
|
|
|
1977 |
7,885 |
|
|
71,700 |
17,700 |
|
|
1980 |
8,500 |
|
111,052 |
|
|
278 |
|
1982 |
|
2,700 |
|
90,310 |
30,264 |
|
|
1988 |
9,651 |
|
176,400 |
|
|
|
|
1992 |
10,792 |
3,500 |
|
|
|
|
|
1999 |
11,400 |
3,950 |
310,000 |
235,000 |
68,000 |
|
|
2002 |
11,978 |
4,300 |
|
|
|
547 |
|
2003 |
|
|
|
251,300 |
77,400 |
547 |
|
2007 |
13,400 |
4,700 |
397,000 |
|
|
|
|
2010 |
15,137 |
6,351 |
442,000 |
|
|
|
|
2013 |
|
|
637,000 |
|
|
|
Electronic communications, Radio broadcasting began 1922. TV
broadcasting began in Panama in 1959 (Canal Zone from 1956); colour from 1972.
|
|
Telephones (landlines) |
Mobile Telephones |
Radios |
Televisions |
PCs |
Internet Users |
|
1938 |
7,083 |
|
12,000 |
|
|
|
|
1944 |
8,975 |
|
26,000 |
|
|
|
|
1949 |
|
|
81,000 |
|
|
|
|
1960 |
27,000 |
|
163,000 |
|
|
|
|
1961 |
|
|
186,000 |
30,000 |
|
|
|
1962 |
32,586 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
1977 |
|
|
280,000 |
206,000 |
|
|
|
1980 |
126,700 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
1982 |
|
|
325,000 |
245,000 |
|
|
|
1990 |
216,000 |
|
540,000 |
400,000 |
|
|
|
1995 |
|
7,000 |
600,000 |
460,000 |
|
|
|
1998 |
|
|
|
|
75,000 |
|
|
2000 |
429,100 |
410,000 |
884,000 |
550,000 |
105,000 |
|
|
2001 |
|
|
|
|
|
120,000 |
|
2005 |
|
1,352,000 |
|
700,000 |
147,357 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
|
|
|
745,300 |
|
2010 |
553,100 |
6,496,000 |
|
|
|
1,200,000 |
|
2016 |
641,688 |
6,978,000 |
|
|
|
2,000,000 |
Tourism: Visitors to Panama,
132,166 (1967)
299,000 (1982)
272,000 (1987)
214,000 (1990)
345,000 (1995)
484,000 (2000)
702,000 (2005)
1,324,000 (2009)
2,110,000 (2015)