Page last modified 16 August 2023
Pakistan (formerly West Pakistan; East
Pakistan now Bangladesh)
Community
Area
Pre 1971, including Bangladesh (East Pakistan), 936,720 square kilometres
From� 1971, 796,095 (excluding Kashmir) square kilometres (land area 770,875 square kilometres)
Population,
37,500,000 (1950) (West Pakistan); 75,053,000 (1950) (all Pakistan, inc Bangladesh)
42,880,378 (1961) (West Pakistan); 93,720,613 (1961) (all Pakistan, inc Bangladesh)
56,470,000 (1970) (West Pakistan)114,000,000 (1970) (all Pakistan, inc Bangladesh)
78,100,000 (1980) +38.4%
107,700,000 (1990) +37.9%
142,350,000 (2000) +32.1%
179,400,000 (2010) +26.0%
220,900,000 (2020) +23.1%
Ethnicity, %
|
|
Baluchi |
Muhagir |
Pashtun |
Punjabi |
Sariaki |
Sindhi |
|
2009 |
3.6 |
7.6 |
15.4 |
44.7 |
8.4 |
14.1 |
Religion, %
|
|
Christian |
Hindu |
Muslim All |
Muslim Shia |
Muslim Sunni |
Sikh |
|
1948 |
|
|
95.6 (83.3 inc. Bangladesh) |
|
|
|
|
1950 |
0.7 |
12.9 |
85.5 |
|
|
|
|
1960 |
|
|
88.0 |
|
|
|
|
1970 |
|
|
98.0 |
|
|
|
|
1981 |
1.6 |
1.5 |
96.7 |
|
|
|
|
1990 |
|
|
97.0 |
5.0 |
92.0 |
|
|
2016 |
1.6 |
2.0 |
96.0 |
5.0 |
92.0 |
0.3 |
Birth and death rates Below replacement rate = 2.1
|
|
Fertility Rate |
Birth Rate |
Infant Mortality |
Death Rate |
% Aged Under 15 |
% Aged Over 65 |
% Urban |
|
1950 |
|
56.0 (+27.0) |
190.0 |
29.0 |
37.4 |
6.1 |
9.4 |
|
1960 |
6.6 |
48.0 (+27.2) |
180.0 |
20.8 |
39.2 |
4.3 |
22.1 |
|
1970 |
6.6 |
47.8 (+34.2) |
144.0 |
15.2 |
42.4 |
3.8 |
24.8 |
|
1980 |
6.5 |
42.6 (+30.0) |
124.0 |
12.6 |
42.9 |
3.8 |
28.1 |
|
1990 |
6.2 |
40.0 (+29.2) |
106.2 |
10.8 |
43.0 |
3.9 |
30.6 |
|
2000 |
5.0 |
32.0 (+23.3) |
88.1 |
8.7 |
42.0 |
4.0 |
33.2 |
|
2010 |
4.0 |
30.2 (+22.4) |
70.4 |
7.8 |
37.7 |
4.2 |
35.0 |
|
2015 |
3.7 |
28.7 (+21.4) |
62.1 |
7.3 |
35.9 |
4.3 |
36.0 |
|
2017 |
3.6 |
28.6 (+21.4) |
58.8 |
7.2 |
|
|
|
|
2018 |
|
|
57.2 |
|
35.2 |
4.3 |
36.7 |
Life expectancy,
38.9 (1950); 40.0 (M), 38.0 (F)
45.3 (1960); 45.1 (M), 45.5 (F)
52.9 (1970); 52.8 (M), 52.9 (F)
57.0 (1980); 56.6 (M), 57.5 (F)
60.1 (1990); 59.4 (M), 60.8 (F)
62.8 (2000); 62.0 (M), 63.6 (F)
65.2 (2010); 64.3 (M), 66.1 (F)
67.3 (2020); 66.4 (M), 68.4 (F)
Population of principal cities, 1,000s MA = Metropolitan Area
|
|
Faisalabad |
Hyderabad1 |
ISLAMABAD2 |
|
1941 |
70 |
|
|
|
1950 |
175 |
232 |
201 |
|
1960 |
420 |
434 |
|
|
1972 |
864 |
628 |
|
|
1981 |
1,092 |
795 |
360 |
|
1998 |
1,977 |
1,151 |
|
|
2010 |
2,849 |
|
832 |
|
2017 |
5,387 MA |
1,733 |
1,015 |
1Hyderabad (Pakistan) was founded in 1768.� There is also a city in Andhra Pradesh State, India, called Hyderabad.
2Islamabad has been the capital of Pakistan since 1962. Its name means �city of Islam�.
Population of principal cities, 1,000s MA = Metropolitan Area
|
|
Karachi3 |
Lahore |
Rawalpindi4 |
|
1729 |
0.25 |
|
|
|
1843 |
15 |
90 |
|
|
1891 |
105 |
177 |
|
|
1900 |
137 |
185 |
|
|
1910 |
185 |
203 |
|
|
1941 |
436 |
672 |
|
|
1950 |
1,110 |
826 |
147 |
|
1960 |
1,900 |
1,300 |
340 |
|
1972 |
5,103 |
1,985 |
615 |
|
1981 |
5,440 |
2,922 |
928 |
|
1998 |
9,270 |
5,063 |
1,406 |
|
2010 |
13,123 |
7,132 |
2,028 |
|
2017 |
14,910 |
11,126 MA |
2,098 |
3Karachi, was occupied by Britain in 1843; it was a small fishing village in the 1700s but grew as trade moved there from the decaying port of Kharak Bandar.� A British-built railway along the Indus Valley also boosted the economy of the city. Karachi was the capital of Pakistan from its creation in 1947 until 1962, when the new city of Islamabad was made the capital.
4Rawalpindi Grew rapidly after the British established a garrison here in 1849.
Wealth; Gross Domestic Product (nominal values)
|
|
GDP, US$ million |
Total GDP, % of USA |
GDP per capita, US$ |
GDP per capita % of USA |
|
1949 |
5,000* |
2.24 |
67* |
4.39 |
|
1956 |
4,280* |
|
|
|
|
1960 |
3,707 |
0.68 |
83 |
2.76 |
|
1964 |
8,943* |
1.59 |
|
|
|
1965 |
5,885 |
0.79 |
116 |
3.03 |
|
1970 |
10,027 |
0.96 |
173 |
3.30 |
|
1975 |
11,340 |
0.69 |
170 |
2.17 |
|
1980 |
23,690 |
0.85 |
303 |
2.41 |
|
1985 |
31,145 |
0.74 |
338 |
1.85 |
|
1990 |
40,010 |
0.69 |
372 |
1.55 |
|
1995 |
60,636 |
0.82 |
494 |
1.64 |
|
2000 |
73,950 |
0.74 |
534 |
1.47 |
|
2005 |
109,500 |
0.84 |
712 |
1.61 |
|
2010 |
177,400 |
1.19 |
1,040 |
2.15 |
|
2015 |
271,050 |
1.50 |
1,431 |
2.55 |
|
2016 |
283,660 |
1.53 |
1,468 |
2.55 |
*Figures for East plus West
Pakistan
GDP by primary sector
|
|
Agriculture % GDP |
Agriculture % employed |
Industry % GDP |
Industry % employed |
Services % GDP |
Services % employed |
|
1950 |
|
75.0 |
|
18.0 |
|
21.0 |
|
1960 |
|
61.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
1980 |
27.0 |
57.0 |
19.0 |
20.0 |
54.0 |
23.0 |
|
1990 |
26.0 |
52.0 |
22.0 |
19.0 |
52.0 |
30.0 |
|
2000 |
23.6 |
44.0 |
24.0 |
18.0 |
53.0 |
37.0 |
|
2010 |
21.8 |
43.0 |
23.6 |
20.3 |
54.6 |
36.6 |
|
2016 |
24.6 |
42.3 |
19.4 |
22.6 |
56.0 |
35.1 |
Communications
Language ��% Official, English and Urdu,
|
|
Balochi |
Punjabi |
Pushto |
Saraiko |
Sindhi |
Urdu |
|
1981 |
|
48.2 |
13.1 |
|
11.8 |
7.6 |
|
1991 |
|
48.0 |
|
|
12.0 |
7.6 |
|
2000 |
3.0 |
48.0 |
8.0 |
10.0 |
12.0 |
8.0 |
Literacy; Pre 1971 = East and West Pakistan
13.8% (1951)
15.0% (1960)
26.1% (1980); 36.0% (M), 15.2% (F)
29.5% (1985); 40.0% (M), 19.0% (F)
38.0% (1995); 50.0% (M), 24.0% (F)
44.0% (2000); 58.2% (M), 28.8% (F)
49.4% (2010); 63.0% (M), 36.0% (F)
57.9% (2015); 69.5% (M), 45.8% (F)
Physical communications � roads
|
|
Roads (km) |
Surfaced (km) |
Motor vehicles |
Cars |
Commercial Vehicles |
|
1950 |
|
|
|
17,000 |
12,000 |
|
1956 |
|
|
50,000 |
28,300 |
|
|
1961 |
|
|
|
59,992 |
30,890 |
|
1962 |
|
|
159,600 |
|
|
|
1976 |
49,650 |
|
|
202,800 |
60,537 |
|
1977 |
87,472 |
|
|
|
|
|
1979 |
|
|
1,000,000 |
279,000 |
|
|
1982 |
|
|
1,300,000 |
304,450 |
65,366 |
|
1985 |
101,315 |
|
|
|
|
|
1990 |
111,432 |
|
|
355,600 |
98,500 |
|
2000 |
235,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
2002 |
|
|
|
1,008,927 |
111,931 |
|
2007 |
|
|
1,928,000 |
1,440,100 |
187,100 |
|
2010 |
260,760 |
|
2,264,000 |
|
|
|
2013 |
|
|
2,770,000 |
|
|
|
2014 |
|
185,063 |
|
|
|
|
2015 |
263,356 |
|
|
|
|
|
2017 |
|
|
17,317,600* |
2,531,600 |
257,500 |
*This figure includes 12,700,000� motor bikes.
Railways; First railway in what is now (2017) Pakistan opened from Karachi to Kotri 1861, extended to join rest of Indian railway system at Multan in 1878.
Length, kilometres
604 (1870)*
1,608 (1880)*
3,214 (1890)*
5,078 (1900)*
7,124 (1910)*
8,114 (1920)*
10,256 (1930)*
10,708 (1940)*
11,188 (1950)*
11,337 (1955)*
8,815 (1980)
8,163 (1990) (3.6% e)
7,791 (2000)
7,791 (2010)
*Figure for East and West Pakistan.� West Pakistan only, 8,599 (1955)
Electronic communications, TV broadcasting began 1964;
colour TV began 1976
|
|
Telephones 1,000s |
Mobile Telephones |
Radios 1,000s |
Televisions |
PCs |
Internet Users |
|
1950 |
|
|
62* |
|
|
|
|
1960 |
|
|
276* |
|
|
|
|
1962 |
90 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
1975 |
208 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
1977 |
269 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
1978 |
|
|
1,540 |
530,000 |
|
|
|
1980 |
303 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
1982 |
|
|
6,500 |
|
|
|
|
1984 |
|
|
|
1,000,000 |
|
|
|
1988 |
|
|
9,800 |
|
|
|
|
1990 |
843 |
2,000 |
10,650 |
1,989,000 |
155,000 |
|
|
1995 |
|
41,000 |
12,500 |
2,680,000 |
450,000 |
|
|
1998 |
|
|
|
|
|
50,000 |
|
2000 |
3,053 |
306,500 |
14,700 |
|
590,000 |
|
|
2002 |
|
|
|
|
|
1,560,000 |
|
2003 |
|
|
|
12,230,000 |
|
|
|
2005 |
5,278 |
12,771,200 |
|
|
|
10,500,000 |
|
2010 |
5,500 |
111,000,000 |
|
|
|
25,000,000 |
|
2016 |
3,068 |
136,489,000 |
|
|
|
31,340,000 |
*Figures for East and West Pakistan
Tourism: Visitors to Pakistan,
292,000 (1980)
314,000 (1982)
432,395 (1986)
424,000 (1990)
378,000 (1995)
557,000 (2000)
798,000 (2005)
907,000 (2010)
966,000 (2012)