Page last modified 16 August 2023
157) Morocco
Community
Area 446,550� square kilometres (land area 446,300 square kilometres)
Population,
6,300,000 (1890)
9,630,000 (1951)
12,330,000 (1960)
16,000,000 (1970) +29.8%
20,000,000 (1980) +15.0%
24,900,000 (1990) +24.5%
28,800,000 (2000) +15.7%
32,400,000 (2010) +12.5%
36,900,000 (2020) +13.9%
Ethnicity, %
|
|
Arab |
Berber |
French |
Other White |
|
1947* |
64.0 |
22.0 |
3.2 |
0.8 |
|
1955 |
|
|
4.0 |
|
|
1970 |
|
30.0 |
|
|
|
1980 |
|
|
0.2 |
|
|
2009 |
65.0 |
35.0 |
|
|
1947ifigures for French portion only (89% of total area of |Morocco; 85.0% of total population)
Religion, %
|
|
Christian R C |
Jewish |
Muslim Sunni |
|
1945 |
|
3.0* |
|
|
1947 |
|
2.4 |
93.9 |
|
1960 |
|
1.3 |
|
|
1970 |
|
0.3 |
|
|
1990 |
0.2 |
|
98.0 |
|
2009 |
1.1 |
0.2 |
98.7 |
*In 1947, French Morocco was 2.2% Jewish, Spanish Morocco was 1.5% Jewish, and Tangier was 7.0% Jewish.
Birth and death rates Below replacement rate = 2.1
|
|
Fertility Rate |
Birth Rate |
Infant Mortality |
Death Rate |
% Aged Under 15 |
% Aged Over 65 |
% Urban |
|
1936 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
16.0 |
|
1952 |
|
50.0 (+24.0) |
180.0 |
26.0 |
44.4 |
2.9 |
23.0 |
|
1962 |
7.1 |
50.0 (+32.3) |
139.5 |
17.7 |
46.2 |
3.1 |
30.3 |
|
1972 |
6.5 |
46.0 (+31.8) |
116.0 |
13.8 |
47.1 |
3.5 |
35.7 |
|
1980 |
5.7 |
38.0 (+26.9) |
93.5 |
11.1 |
43.3 |
3.3 |
41.2 |
|
1990 |
4.1 |
30.0 (+22.6) |
63.0 |
7.4 |
39.7 |
3.9 |
48.4 |
|
2000 |
2.8 |
22.0 (+15.7) |
42.0 |
6.3 |
33.5 |
5.3 |
53.3 |
|
2010 |
2.6 |
21.3 (+16.0) |
27.5 |
5.3 |
28.5 |
6.1 |
57.7 |
|
2015 |
2.5 |
20.4 (+15.3) |
21.9 |
5.1 |
27.7 |
6.4 |
60.2 |
|
2017 |
2.5 |
19.4 (+14.3) |
20.1 |
5.1 |
|
|
|
|
2018 |
|
|
19.2 |
|
27.2 |
7.0 |
62.5 |
Life expectancy,
42.9 (1952); 42.0 (M), 44.0 (F)
48.4 (1960): 47.2 (M), 49.8 (F)
52.5 (1970); 51.5 (M), 53.6 (F)
57.5 (1980); 56.2 (M), 58.8 (F)
64.7 (1990); 63.1 (M), 66.3 (F)
68.7 (2000); 67.2 (M), 70.2 (F)
73.9 (2010); 72.6 (M), 75.3 (F)
76.8 (2020); 75.5 (M), 78.0 (F)
Population of principal cities, 1,000s
|
|
Agadir1 |
Casablanca2 |
Fes3 |
Marrakesh4 |
RABAT5 |
Tangier |
|
1860 |
|
|
|
|
28 |
10 |
|
1900 |
1.2 |
|
120 |
|
|
36 |
|
1907 |
|
20 |
135 |
|
|
|
|
1920 |
|
89 |
|
|
|
|
|
1936 |
|
237 |
|
|
|
|
|
1950 |
|
647 |
174 |
211 |
147 |
100 |
|
1960 |
|
965 |
216 |
243 |
228 |
142 |
|
1970 |
50 |
1,506 |
321 |
333 |
368 |
188 |
|
1980 |
246 |
2,408 |
563 |
549 |
842 |
304 |
|
1990 |
439 |
3,079 |
735 |
600 |
1,100 |
425 |
|
1994 |
550 |
|
|
746 |
|
|
|
2000 |
|
3,245 |
|
|
|
|
|
2004 |
679 |
|
947 |
823 |
|
670 |
|
2009 |
|
|
1,044 |
909 |
1,705 |
768 |
|
2014 |
|
6,861 MA |
1,112 |
929 |
2,120 MA |
948 |
|
2017 |
698 |
|
|
|
|
|
1Agadir was founded in the 16th century by
the Portuguese, and named Puerta Santa Cruz.�
2The Portuguese colonised Casablanca in 1515, naming it Casa Branca, or �White House�; the original name was Dar El Beida.�
3Fes (Fez) was the capital of Morocco between 808 and 1062, and again between 1662 and 1912.
4Founded in 1062 AD, Marrakesh was the capital of Morocco, 1062-1662.
5Rabat was founded in the 12th century AD;
the modern town was laid out by the Frenchman Louis Lyautey
in 1912. The name derives from a �ribat�, or
fortified monastery, that once stood here.
Wealth; Gross Domestic Product (nominal values)
|
|
GDP, US$ million |
Total GDP, % of USA |
GDP per capita, US$ |
GDP per capita % of USA |
|
1960 |
2,037 |
0.37 |
164 |
5.45 |
|
1965 |
2,948 |
0.40 |
206 |
5.38 |
|
1970 |
3,790 |
0.36 |
246 |
4.69 |
|
1975 |
9,000 |
0.55 |
539 |
6.89 |
|
1980 |
18,820 |
0.67 |
1,077 |
8.55 |
|
1985 |
12,870 |
0.31 |
660 |
3.61 |
|
1990 |
25,820 |
0.44 |
1,200 |
5.01 |
|
1995 |
32,990 |
0.45 |
1,428 |
4.75 |
|
2000 |
33,230 |
0.33 |
1,332 |
3.65 |
|
2005 |
62,300 |
0.48 |
2,013 |
4.54 |
|
2010 |
91,700 |
0.61 |
2,834 |
5.86 |
|
2015 |
98,200 |
0.54 |
2,850 |
5.07 |
|
2016 |
101,450 |
0.55 |
2,830 |
4.92 |
GDP by primary sector
|
|
Agriculture % GDP |
Agriculture % employed |
Industry % GDP |
Industry % employed |
Services % GDP |
Services % employed |
|
1960 |
|
62.0 |
|
14.0 |
|
24.0 |
|
1970 |
|
58.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
1980 |
17.0 |
52.0 |
32.0 |
30.0 |
51.0 |
27.0 |
|
1990 |
17.0 |
46.0 |
30.0 |
25.0 |
53.0 |
29.0 |
|
2000 |
16.1 |
47.0 |
30.3 |
20.0 |
59.0 |
33.0 |
|
2010 |
17.1 |
44.6 |
31.6 |
19.8 |
51.4 |
35.5 |
|
2016 |
13.6 |
39.1 |
29.5 |
20.3 |
56.8 |
40.5 |
Communications
Language Official; Arabic, Berber, French, Spanish also spoken
Arabic, 64.0% (1961), 75.0% (1991, 2001)
Berber, 22.0% (1961), 25.0% (1991)
Literacy
14.0% (1960)
21.4% (1980); 33.6% (M), 9.6% (F)
34.0% (1985); 45.0% (M), 22.0% (F)
44.7% (1995); 56.6% (M), 31.0% (F)
48.9% (2000); 61.8% (M), 36.1% (F)
52.3% (2005); 65.7% (M), 39.6% (F)
55.6% (2010); 68.7% (M), 43.2% (F)
68.5% (2015); 78.6% (M), 58.8% (F)
Physical communications � roads and railways, First railway opened September 1908, from Casablanca to Ber Rashid. In 2003 Morocco agreed with Spain to construct a 40 kilometre rail tunnel under the Straits of Gibraltar. Construction had not yet begun in 2019.
|
|
Roads (km) |
Surfaced (km) |
Motor vehicles |
Cars |
Commercial Vehicles |
Railways (km) |
% electrified |
|
1920 |
|
|
|
|
|
895 |
|
|
1930 |
|
|
|
|
|
1,711 |
|
|
1940 |
|
|
|
|
|
1,711 |
|
|
1947 |
|
|
|
20,970 |
8,690 |
|
|
|
1956 |
|
12,000 |
178,000 |
|
52,824 |
1,756 |
|
|
1961 |
|
|
200,000 |
135,000 |
53,000 |
1,756 |
43.8 |
|
1971 |
|
|
|
250,000 |
120,000 |
|
|
|
1976 |
26,702 |
|
|
347,400 |
121,600 |
1,756 |
|
|
1980 |
56,500 |
27,900 |
660,000 |
445,000 |
207,370 |
1,779 |
44.6 |
|
1990 |
58,395 |
29,000 |
|
707,148 |
295,465 |
|
|
|
2000 |
58,395 |
33,000 |
|
1,253,034 |
431,060 |
1,907 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2,156,000 |
1,644,500 |
525,300 |
1,907 |
52.6 |
|
2010 |
58,395 |
41,116 |
2,467,000 |
|
|
2,067 |
|
|
2013 |
|
|
2,930,000 |
|
|
2,067 |
49.4 |
Electronic communications, TV broadcasts began 1962
|
|
Telephones (landlines) |
Mobile Telephones |
Radios |
Televisions |
PCs |
Internet Users |
|
1938 |
15,496 |
|
40,000 |
|
|
|
|
1947 |
41,694 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
1950 |
|
|
134,000 |
|
|
|
|
1954 |
|
|
152,695 |
|
|
|
|
1958 |
128,133 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
1960 |
|
|
532,000 |
|
|
|
|
1969 |
160,326 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
1976 |
210,000 |
|
1,500,000 |
522,000 |
|
|
|
1983 |
275,000 |
|
2,400,000 |
1,044,895 |
|
|
|
1987 |
|
60 |
|
|
|
|
|
1990 |
403,000 |
900 |
5,250,000 |
1,850,000 |
|
|
|
1993 |
|
|
|
|
60,000 |
|
|
1995 |
|
29,500 |
6,000,000 |
2,500,000 |
85,000 |
|
|
1998 |
|
|
|
|
|
6,000 |
|
2000 |
1,425,000 |
2,340,000 |
6,920,000 |
4,700,000 |
350,000 |
10,000 |
|
2002 |
|
|
|
|
|
700,000 |
|
2005 |
|
12,400,000 |
|
5,200,000 |
740,000 |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
|
|
920,000 |
10,442,500 |
|
2010 |
3,749,000 |
31,928,000 |
|
|
|
14,500,000 |
|
2016 |
2,070,173 |
41,514,000 |
|
|
|
19,612,000 |
|
2017 |
|
|
|
|
|
20,535,000 |
Tourism: Visitors to Morocco,
1,427,000 (1977)
1,550,000 (1980)
4,024,000 (1990)
2,602,000 (1995)
4,278,000 (2000)
5,843,000 (2005)
9,288,000 (2010)
10,177,000 (2015)