Page last modified 21August 2023
Moldova
Community
Area 33,851 square kilometres (land area 32,891 square kilometres)
Population,
988,413
(1860)*
1,933,436 (1900)
2,200,000 (1939)
2,340,000 (1950)
2,544,000 (1960) +8.7%
3,044,000 (1970) +19.7%
3,396,000 (1980) +11.6%
3,696,000 (1990) +8.8%
3,640,000 (2000) -1.5%
3,562,000 (2010) -2.1%
2,618,000 (2020) -26.5%
*Figure for Bessarabia
Ethnicity, %
|
|
Bulgarian |
Gaugaz |
Moldovan |
Romanian |
Russian |
Ukrainian |
|
1897 |
5.3 |
|
47.5 |
|
|
|
|
1961 |
2.0 |
|
65.0 |
|
10.0 |
15.0 |
|
1971 |
2.1 |
3.5 |
64.6 |
|
11.6 |
14.2 |
|
1979 |
|
3.5 |
63.9 |
|
12.8 |
14.2 |
|
1989 |
2.0 |
3.5 |
64.5 |
|
13.0 |
13.9 |
|
2004 |
2.0 |
3.9 |
69.6 |
|
9.3 |
11.3 |
|
2009 |
1.9 |
4.4 |
75.8 |
2.5 |
5.9 |
8.4 |
|
2014 |
1.9 |
4.6 |
75.1 |
7.0 |
4.1 |
6.6 |
Religion, %
|
|
Christian Orthodox |
Christian Protestant |
Jewish |
No Religion |
|
1897 |
|
|
37%1, 12%2 |
|
|
1970 |
|
|
2.7 |
|
|
2000 |
98.0 |
|
1.5 |
|
|
2004 |
93.3 |
1.9 |
0.1 |
0.9 |
Figures for Bessarabia. 1) Urban, 2) Rural
Birth and death rates Below replacement rate = 2.1
|
|
Fertility Rate |
Birth Rate |
Infant Mortality |
Death Rate |
% Aged Under 15 |
% Aged Over 65 |
% Urban |
|
1940 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
13.0 |
|
1960 |
3.3 |
27.7 (+16.1) |
|
11.6 |
31.8 |
6.2 |
23.4 |
|
1970 |
2.6 |
19.6 (+10.1) |
50.0 |
9.5 |
32.1 |
6.3 |
32.1 |
|
1980 |
2.5 |
21.0 (+10.2) |
39.4 |
10.8 |
26.7 |
7.7 |
40.4 |
|
1990 |
2.4 |
19.0 (+8.6) |
27.3 |
10.4 |
27.9 |
8.3 |
46.8 |
|
2000 |
1.4 |
11.3 (-0.4) |
26.0 |
11.7 |
23.5 |
9.4 |
44.6 |
|
2010 |
1.3 |
11.1 (-0.7) |
14.7 |
11.8 |
16.5 |
10.1 |
42.6 |
|
2015 |
1.3 |
10.5 (-0.9) |
13.9 |
11.4 |
15.7 |
9.9 |
42.5 |
|
2016 |
|
|
13.9 |
|
15.7 |
|
|
|
2017 |
1.3 |
10.3 (-1.3) |
13.8 |
11.6 |
|
|
|
|
2018 |
|
|
13.6 |
|
15.9 |
11.5 |
42.6 |
Life expectancy,
61.8 (1960); 58.0 (M), 65.8 (F)
64.8 (1970); 61.5 (M), 68.3 (F)
64.8 (1980); 61.5 (M), 68.2 (F)
67.5 (1990); 64.1 (M), 71.0 (F)
66.9 (2000); 63.0 (M), 71.0 (F)
69.5 (2010); 65.6 (M), 73.6 (F)
71.9 (2020); 67.7 (M), 76.2 (F)
Population of principal cities, 1,000s MA = Metropolitan Area
|
|
Balti (Beltsy) |
Bender(y) |
CHISINAU1 |
Tirasopol |
|
1819 |
1.6 |
|
11 |
|
|
1830 |
3.7 |
|
33 |
|
|
1860 |
5.9 |
|
|
|
|
1900 |
19 |
33 |
110 |
|
|
1930 |
31 |
31 |
114 |
|
|
1959 |
67 |
43 |
280 |
63 |
|
1969 |
91 |
68 |
|
99 |
|
1979 |
139 |
114 |
515 |
159 |
|
1990 |
150 |
138 |
670 |
185 |
|
1994 |
161 |
133 |
|
186 |
|
2000 |
|
|
655 |
|
|
2003 |
128 |
97 |
|
|
|
2009 |
|
|
663 |
|
|
2014 |
102 |
91 |
663 MA |
133* |
*Since the early 1990s, political
instability and significant Jewish emigration has reduced the population.
1Founded in 1436, Chisinau (Russian, Kisinev) came under Russian control in 1812.� Romania took Chisinau in 1918 but Soviet Russia recaptured it in 1940.� Chisinau became capital of an independent Moldova in 1991.
Wealth; Gross Domestic Product (nominal values)
|
|
GDP, US$ million |
Total GDP, % of USA |
GDP per capita, US$ |
GDP per capita % of USA |
|
1990 |
21,650 |
0.37 |
5,018 |
20.95 |
|
1995 |
1,680 |
0.02 |
477 |
1.59 |
|
2000 |
1,430 |
0.01 |
354 |
0.97 |
|
2005 |
3,000 |
0.02 |
831 |
1.88 |
|
2010 |
5,800 |
0.04 |
1,632 |
3.37 |
|
2015 |
6,500 |
0.04 |
1,833 |
3.26 |
|
2016 |
6,750 |
0.04 |
1,900 |
3.31 |
GDP by primary sector
|
|
Agriculture % GDP |
Agriculture % employed |
Industry % GDP |
Industry % employed |
Services % GDP |
Services % employed |
|
1993 |
50.0 |
36.3 |
|
20.1 |
|
|
|
2000 |
28.9 |
40.0 |
31.3 |
14.0 |
39.8 |
46.0 |
|
2010 |
16.3 |
40.0 |
20.1 |
16.0 |
63.6 |
43.3 |
|
2016 |
14.3 |
33.7 |
20.9 |
12.1 |
64.8 |
54.1 |
Communications
Language, % Official; Moldovan
|
|
Gaugaz |
Moldovan |
Russian |
Ukrainian |
|
1990 |
4.0 |
67.0 |
13.0 |
13.0 |
|
2004 |
4.1 |
75.8 |
9.4 |
3.8 |
Literacy
95.0% (1990)
99.0% (2000); 99.6% (M), 98.4% (F)
99.2% (2010); 99.6% (M), 98.9% (F)
99.4% (2015); 99.7% (M), 99.1% (F)
Physical communications � roads and railways
|
|
Roads (km) |
Surfaced (km) |
Motor vehicles |
Cars |
Commercial Vehicles |
Railways (km) |
|
1970 |
10,100 |
6,400 |
|
|
|
1,040 |
|
1980 |
10,500 |
8,700 |
|
|
|
1,150 |
|
1996 |
12,300 |
14,700 |
|
166,757 |
58,416 |
|
|
1999 |
12,657 |
|
|
232,278 |
52,430 |
|
|
2002 |
12,719 |
11,012 |
|
|
|
|
|
2004 |
|
|
|
274,472 |
73,774 |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
503,000 |
366,351 |
115,967 |
1,138 |
|
2010 |
|
|
586,000 |
404,290 |
131,243 |
|
|
2013 |
|
|
660,000 |
|
|
1,171 |
|
2015 |
|
|
|
529,813 |
164,533 |
|
|
2016 |
|
|
|
546,781 |
168,618 |
|
Electronic communications, Radio broadcasting began 1930. TV
broadcasting began 1956 (colour from 1974).
|
|
Telephones (landlines) |
Mobile Telephones |
Radios 1,000s |
Televisions 1,000s |
PCs |
Internet Users |
|
1975 |
136,300 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
1980 |
226,100 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
1990 |
462,100 |
|
2,400 |
960 |
|
|
|
1995 |
|
14 |
3,100 |
1,210 |
9,286 |
|
|
2000 |
583,800 |
139,000 |
3,300 |
1,300 |
63,500 |
|
|
2002 |
|
|
|
|
|
150,000 |
|
2004 |
|
|
|
|
112,200 |
|
|
2005 |
|
1,090,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
2007 |
|
|
|
|
|
700,000 |
|
2010 |
1,161,000 |
3,165,000 |
|
|
|
1,380,000 |
|
2016 |
1,171,287 |
3,788,500 |
|
|
|
2,500,000 |
|
2017 |
|
|
|
|
|
2,879,000 |
Tourism: Visitors to Moldova,
32,000 (1995)
18,000 (2000)
67,000 (2005)
64,000 (2010)
94,400 (2015)