Page last modified 21 August 2023
North Macedonia
Community
Area 25,713 square kilometres (land area 25,433 square kilometres).� The original Macedonia region included a large part of northern Greece, down to the Aegean coastline, causing concern� in Greece when this former region of Yugoslavia adopted its current name upon gaining independence in 1991.
Population,
949,958 (1931)
1,229,000 (1950)
1,490,000 (1960) +21.2%
1,720,000 (1970) +15.4%
1,925,000 (1980) +11.9%
1,996,000 (1990) +3.7%
2,035,000 (2000) +2.0%
2,070,000 (2010) +1.7%
2,083,400 (2020) +0.6%
Ethnicity, %
|
|
Albanian |
Macedonian |
Roma |
Serbian |
Turkish |
|
1981 |
19.8 |
|
|
2.3 |
4.5 |
|
2002 |
25.2 |
64.2 |
2.7 |
1.8������ |
3.9 |
Religion, %
|
|
Christian Orthodox |
Muslim Sunni |
|
1990 |
61.0 |
24.0 |
|
2002 |
64.7 |
33.3 |
Birth and death rates Below replacement rate = 2.1
|
|
Fertility Rate |
Birth Rate |
Infant Mortality |
Death Rate |
% Aged Under 15 |
% Aged Over 65 |
% Urban |
|
1960 |
3.8 |
29.7 |
|
10.6 |
38.0 |
4.7 |
34.0 |
|
1970 |
3.2 |
25.2 |
|
7.5 |
34.0 |
4.7 |
47.1 |
|
1980 |
2.5 |
21.0 (+14.0) |
55.0 |
7.2 |
29.8 |
6.3 |
53.5 |
|
1990 |
2.2 |
17.0 (+9.0) |
34.0 |
7.5 |
26.2 |
7.2 |
57.8 |
|
2000 |
1.7 |
13.5 (+5.0) |
14.2 |
8.3 |
22.7 |
9.9 |
58.5 |
|
2010 |
1.5 |
9.2 (-0.3) |
9.0 |
9.5 |
17.9 |
11.6 |
57.0 |
|
2015 |
1.5 |
11.3 (+1.6) |
10.8 |
9.7 |
16.8 |
12.5 |
57.1 |
|
2017 |
1.5 |
11.0 (+1.1) |
9.7 |
9.9 |
|
|
|
|
2018 |
|
|
8.7 |
|
16.5 |
13.7 |
58.0 |
Life expectancy,
60.6 (1960); 60.2 (M), 61.1 (F)
66.3 (1970); 65.3 (M), 67.4 (F)
68.7 (1980); 66.9 (M), 70.5 (F)
71.1 (1990); 69.2 (M), 73.2 (F)
73.3 (2000); 70.8 (M), 75.8 (F)
74.6 (2010); 72.6 (M), 76.7 (F)
75.9 (2020); 73.9 (M), 77.9 (F)
Population of principal cities, 1,000s MA Metropolitan Area
|
|
Bitola |
Kumanovo |
Prilep |
SKOPJE1 |
Tetovo |
|
1800 |
|
0.8 |
|
|
|
|
1900 |
|
15 |
|
|
|
|
1931 |
33 |
|
|
68 |
|
|
1953 |
38 |
|
33 |
122 |
20 |
|
1965 |
|
|
|
270 |
|
|
1991 |
84 |
69 |
70 |
448 |
51 |
|
2002 |
106 MA |
105 MA |
80 MA |
507 |
53 |
1A city on the site of Skopje was destroyed by an earthquake in the 5th century AD.� Another earthquake severely damaged the city in 1963, and it was rebuilt on a safer site nearby.
Wealth; Gross Domestic Product (nominal values)
|
|
GDP, US$ million |
Total GDP, % of USA |
GDP per capita, US$ |
GDP per capita % of USA |
|
1990 |
4,471 |
0.08 |
2,240 |
9.35 |
|
1995 |
4,450 |
0.06 |
2,243 |
7.46 |
|
2000 |
3,310 |
0.03 |
1,854 |
5.09 |
|
2005 |
5,800 |
0.04 |
3,037 |
6.85 |
|
2010 |
9,170 |
0.06 |
4,540 |
9.39 |
|
2015 |
10,050 |
0.06 |
4,830 |
8.59 |
|
2016 |
10,900 |
0.06 |
5,237 |
9.11 |
GDP by primary sector
|
|
Agriculture % GDP |
Agriculture % employed |
Industry % GDP |
Industry % employed |
Services % GDP |
Services % employed |
|
1990 |
|
20.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
1995 |
19.0 |
|
44.0 |
|
37.0 |
|
|
2003 |
12.3 |
|
30.2 |
|
57.5 |
|
|
2010 |
8.7 |
19.9 |
22.1 |
22.1 |
69.2 |
58.0 |
|
2016 |
9.9 |
16.6 |
29.7 |
29.6 |
60.4 |
53.8 |
Communications
Language, % Official, Macedonian, Albanian also spoken
|
|
Albanian |
Macedonian |
Romanian |
Serbian |
Turkish |
|
1990 |
20.0 |
67.0 |
3.0 |
2.0 |
5.0 |
|
2002 |
25.2 |
64.2 |
1.2 |
1.2 |
3.5 |
Literacy
89.0% (1981)
89.0% (1990); 94.0% (M), 84.0% (F)
94.6% (1998)
96.1% (2003); 98.2% (M), 94.1% (F)
97.0% (2010); 98.6% (M), 95.4% (F)
97.8% (2015), 98.8% (M), 96.8% (F)
Physical communications � roads
|
|
Roads (km) |
Motor vehicles |
Cars |
Commercial Vehicles |
Railways (km) |
% Electrified |
|
1990 |
10,591 |
|
|
|
693 |
3.4 |
|
1992 |
|
|
279,861 |
19,280 |
|
|
|
1997 |
|
|
289,204 |
19,815 |
|
|
|
2000 |
|
234,700 |
|
|
697 |
33.4 |
|
2003 |
11,000 |
|
299,809 |
26,600 |
|
|
|
2010 |
13,736 |
331,000 |
|
|
699 |
|
|
2013 |
|
|
403,350 |
|
|
|
|
2014 |
14,182 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
2017 |
|
|
|
|
699 |
31.9 |
Electronic communications, �TV broadcasting began 1956 (former Yugoslavia)
|
|
Telephones (landlines) |
Mobile Telephones |
Radios |
Televisions |
PCs |
Internet Users |
|
1983 |
210,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
1990 |
286,000 |
|
367,000 |
335,000 |
|
|
|
1996 |
|
1,050 |
395,000 |
360,000 |
|
|
|
2000 |
507,300 |
115,750 |
415,000 |
570,000 |
|
|
|
2001 |
|
|
|
|
72,000 |
|
|
2002 |
|
|
|
|
|
100,000 |
|
2004 |
|
|
|
|
|
357,300 |
|
2005 |
500,000 |
1,261,000 |
|
|
450,981 |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
410,000 |
1,900,000 |
|
|
|
2009 |
442,200 |
|
|
|
|
1,057,000 |
|
2010 |
|
2,153,000 |
|
|
|
1,060,000 |
|
2012 |
407,900 |
2,200,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
2016 |
368,070 |
2,223,000 |
|
|
|
1,475,000 |
|
2017 |
|
|
|
|
|
1,503,300 |
Tourism: Visitors to Macedonia,
147,000 (1995)
224,000 (2000)
197,000 (2005)
262,000 (2010)
486,000 (2015)