Page last modified 20 August 2023
Hungary
Community
Area 93,028 square kilometres (land area 89,608 square kilometres)
Population, Census years in bold
Former Hungarian Empire, Area 369,100 square kilometres (1900)
1,000,000 (1000)
1,500,000 (1200)
2,000,000 (1340)
4,000,000 (1500)
2,500,000 (1650)
5,000,000 (1800)
13,000,000 (1850)
17,449,705 (1890)
19,250,000 (1900)
20,900,000 (1910)
Present day Hungary,
6,854,000 (1900)
7,620,000 (1920)
8,688,319 (1930) +14.0%
9,250,000 (1940) +6.5%
9,338,000 (1950) +1.0%
9,977,870 (1960) +6.9%
10,365,000 (1970) +3.9%
10,755,000 (1980) +3.8%
10,380,000 (1990) -3.5%
10,220,000 (2000) -1.5%
9,930,000 (2010) -2.8%
9,750,000 (2020) -1.8%
Ethnicity and Religion, %
|
|
Hungarian (Magyar) |
Christian Protestant |
Christian R C |
Jewish |
Muslim |
No religion |
|
1787 |
|
|
|
1.0 |
|
|
|
1850 |
|
|
|
1.9 |
|
|
|
1870 |
|
|
|
3.6 |
|
|
|
1880 |
46.6 |
|
56.1 |
|
|
|
|
1900 |
51.4 |
28.3 |
64.2 |
4.9 |
0.0 |
0.3 |
|
1920 |
|
|
|
6.2 |
|
|
|
1937 |
|
|
|
5.6 |
|
|
|
1941 |
92.8 |
26.8 |
65.7 |
4.3 |
|
|
|
1947 |
|
|
65.6 |
2.1 |
|
|
|
1956 |
97.0 |
27.3 |
67.0 |
1.5 |
|
|
|
1970 |
|
22.0 |
54.5 |
0.9 |
0.0 |
8.1 |
|
1990 |
95.0 |
22.0 |
56.0 |
|
|
|
|
2000 |
|
22.5 |
51.0 |
|
|
|
|
2011* |
92.3 |
13.8 |
38.9 |
0.5 |
>0.1 |
18.2 |
*From 2011 Census � non-response rate was high, at 27.1%
Birth and death rates Below replacement rate = 2.1
|
|
Fertility Rate |
Birth Rate |
Infant Mortality |
Death Rate |
% Aged Under 15 |
% Aged Over 65 |
% Urban |
|
1800 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
5.4 |
|
1850 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
9.1 |
|
1865 |
|
|
|
30.6 |
|
|
|
|
1890 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
16.1 |
|
1900 |
|
|
220.0 |
27.4 |
35.9 |
|
21.6 |
|
1911 |
|
34.3 (+11.5) |
|
22.9 |
|
|
|
|
1933 |
|
22.4 (+7.1) |
157.0 |
15.3 |
|
|
|
|
1938 |
|
19.9 |
131.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
1941 |
|
19.6 (+5.4) |
|
14.2 |
|
|
35.7 |
|
1952 |
|
21.0 (+10.0) |
71.0 |
11.0 |
25.1 |
7.3 |
37.0 |
|
1962 |
1.8 |
14.0 (+3.8) |
44.0 |
10.8 |
24.6 |
9.5 |
56.8 |
|
1970 |
2.0 |
16.0 (+4.4) |
35.0 |
11.6 |
20.8 |
11.6 |
60.1 |
|
1980 |
1.9 |
14.0 (+0.4) |
21.5 |
13.6 |
21.9 |
13.6 |
64.2 |
|
1990 |
1.9 |
12.0 (-2.0) |
15.3 |
14.0 |
20.4 |
13.5 |
65.8 |
|
2000 |
1.3 |
9.4 (-3.6) |
8.6 |
13.3 |
16.8 |
15.1 |
64.6 |
|
2010 |
1.3 |
9.6 (-3.4) |
5.1 |
13.0 |
14.9 |
16.1 |
68.9 |
|
2015 |
1.5 |
9.4 (-4.0) |
4.3 |
13.4 |
14.4 |
17.5 |
70.5 |
|
2017 |
1.5 |
9.7 (-3.8) |
3.8 |
13.5 |
|
|
|
|
2018 |
|
|
3.6 |
|
14.4 |
19.2 |
71.4 |
Life expectancy,
40.1 (1900)
49.8 (1930); 48.3 (M), 51.3 (F)
63.9 (1950); 62.0 (M), 66,0 (F)
68.0 (1960); 65.9 (M), 70.1 (F)
69.1 (1970); 66.3 (M), 72.1 (F)
69.1 (1980); 65.5 (M), 72.8 (F)
69.3 (1990); 65.1 (M), 73.7 (F)
71.2 (2000); 67.1 (M), 75.6 (F)
74.2 (2010); 70.5 (M), 78.1 (F)
76.9 (2020); 73.3 (M), 80.3 (F)
Population of principal cities, 1,000s MA = Metropolitan Area
|
|
BUDAPEST |
Debrecen |
Miskolc |
Pecs |
Szeged |
|
1710 |
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
1800 |
54 |
|
|
|
|
|
1850 |
150 |
60 |
|
|
|
|
1880 |
371 |
|
25 |
|
59 |
|
1890 |
492 |
|
30 |
|
69 |
|
1900 |
732 |
72 |
61 |
42 |
83 |
|
1920 |
1,080 |
103 |
85 |
48 |
100 |
|
1930 |
1,200 |
117 |
94 |
63 |
108 |
|
1940 |
1,380 |
126 |
109 |
73 |
110 |
|
1950 |
1,600 |
121 |
105 |
70 |
105 |
|
1960 |
1,850 |
129 |
144 |
115 |
118 |
|
1970 |
2,060 |
165 |
195 |
150 |
145 |
|
1980 |
2,078 |
|
|
|
164 |
|
1990 |
2,100 |
217 |
200 |
176 |
170 |
|
2000 |
1,852 |
210 |
182 |
158 |
168 |
|
2009 |
1,679 |
|
|
|
168 |
|
2016 |
3,304 MA |
208 |
216 MA |
145 |
162 |
Wealth; Gross Domestic Product (nominal values)
|
|
GDP, US$ million |
Total GDP, % of USA |
GDP per capita, US$ |
GDP per capita % of USA |
|
1948 |
1,490 |
0.67 |
163 |
10.69 |
|
1970 |
6,150 |
0.59 |
598 |
11.40 |
|
1975 |
12,150 |
0.74 |
1,161 |
14.85 |
|
1980 |
24,510 |
0.88 |
2,302 |
18.27 |
|
1985 |
23,020 |
0.55 |
2,182 |
11.94 |
|
1990 |
36,110 |
0.62 |
3,340 |
13.94 |
|
1995 |
44.670 |
0.00 |
4,513 |
15.01 |
|
2000 |
49,700 |
0.50 |
4,656 |
12.77 |
|
2005 |
109,200 |
0.83 |
11,160 |
25.19 |
|
2010 |
132,300 |
0.88 |
13,025 |
26.93 |
|
2015 |
121,715 |
0.67 |
12,365 |
22.00 |
|
2016 |
124,340 |
0.67 |
12,664 |
22.04 |
GDP by primary sector
|
|
Agriculture % GDP |
Agriculture % employed |
Industry % GDP |
Industry % employed |
Services % GDP |
Services % employed |
|
1930 |
|
52.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
1950 |
29.7 |
49.8 |
31.5 |
25.0 |
|
|
|
1960 |
|
37.0 |
|
35.0 |
|
28.0 |
|
1970 |
|
25.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
1980 |
|
21.0 |
|
43.0 |
|
36.0 |
|
1990 |
8.4 |
15.0 |
33.0 |
33.0 |
55.0 |
55.0 |
|
2000 |
4.3 |
|
31.2 |
|
64.5 |
|
|
2010 |
3.3 |
4.7 |
30.8 |
30.9 |
65.9 |
64.4 |
|
2016 |
4.5 |
4.9 |
30.4 |
30.3 |
65.1 |
64.5 |
Communications
Language Official; Hungarian (Magyar)
|
|
German |
Hungarian |
Slovak |
|
1920 |
6.9 |
89.6 |
1.8 |
|
1947 |
5.1 |
92.9 |
0.8 |
|
1990 |
2.0 |
97.0 |
1.0 |
|
2003 |
|
98.5 |
|
|
2011 |
|
99.6 |
|
Literacy
52.6% (1900)
58.2% (1914)
90.0% (1940)
95.0% (1949)
97.0% (1960)
98.9% (1980); 99.3% (M), 98.5% (F)
98.9% (1990); 99.3% (M), 98.5% (F)
99.3% (2000); 99.5% (M), 99.2% (F)
99.4% (2010); 99.5% (M), 99.3% (F)
Physical communications � roads
|
|
Roads (km) |
Motor vehicles |
Cars |
Commercial Vehicles |
|
1947 |
|
|
11,347 |
11,899 |
|
1951 |
25,720 |
|
16,000 |
15,500 |
|
1960 |
29,041 |
51,200 |
31,000 |
|
|
1861 |
|
|
|
34,100 |
|
1968 |
|
|
163,000 |
|
|
1977 |
|
|
744,685 |
136,679 |
|
1978 |
|
|
834,000 |
|
|
1986 |
95,234 |
|
1,600,000 |
140,000 |
|
1990 |
105,424 |
2,100,000 |
1,850,000 |
|
|
2000 |
|
3,094,000 |
2,256,000 |
350,000 |
|
2002 |
159,568 |
|
2,400,000 |
369,300 |
|
2007 |
|
|
2,500,000 |
829,800 |
|
2010 |
197,519 |
3,453,000 |
2,984,000 |
|
|
2013 |
|
3,690,500 |
|
|
|
2014 |
203,601 |
|
3,108,000 |
|
|
2015 |
|
|
3,197,000 |
|
Railways; First railway in Hungary built 1839-46, 50 km, Pozsony to Nagyszombat.
|
|
Length (km) |
% electrified |
|
1850 |
169 |
|
|
1860 |
1,006 |
|
|
1870 |
1,892 |
|
|
1880 |
2,732 |
|
|
1890 |
4,139 |
|
|
1900 |
6,058 |
|
|
1910 |
7,205 |
|
|
1920 |
7,688 |
|
|
1930 |
7,704 |
|
|
1940 |
7,855 |
3.3 |
|
1950 |
8,097 |
|
|
1958 |
8,948 |
4.6 |
|
1964 |
8,258 |
|
|
1980 |
8,039 |
18.5 |
|
1985 |
7,766 |
29.4 |
|
1995 |
7,610 |
30.0 |
|
2005 |
7,685 |
37.1 |
|
2014 |
8,049 |
35.9 |
Urban metro systems, kilometres
Budapest, (opened 1896, this is the second-oldest underground railway in the world, after London (1863).
30 (1992)
30 (2000)
38.2 (2010)
Electronic communications, In 1939 two thirds of Hungarian villages lacked electricity. TV broadcasting began 1957 (colour from 1971).
|
|
Telephones (landlines) |
Mobile Telephones |
Radios |
Televisions |
PCs |
Internet Users |
|
1938 |
166,773 |
|
419,233 |
|
|
|
|
1948 |
|
|
452,032 |
|
|
|
|
1950 |
115,000 |
|
620,000 |
|
|
|
|
1958 |
|
|
|
16,000 |
|
|
|
1960 |
459,000 |
|
2,224,000 |
|
|
|
|
1961 |
|
|
2,314,000 |
206,000 |
|
|
|
1968 |
|
|
|
1,569,016 |
|
|
|
1977 |
|
|
2,577,000 |
2,557,000 |
|
|
|
1980 |
617,200 |
|
2,600,000 |
3,000,000 |
|
|
|
1988 |
|
|
|
|
87,000 |
|
|
1990 |
996,000 |
2,645 |
6,275,000 |
4,330,000 |
100,000 |
|
|
1995 |
|
265,000 |
6,560,000 |
4,375,000 |
400,000 |
|
|
1998 |
|
|
|
|
|
200,000 |
|
2000 |
3,798,200 |
3,076,000 |
7,050,000 |
4,450,000 |
870,000 |
500,000 |
|
2005 |
|
9,320,000 |
|
|
2,250,000 |
3,000,000 |
|
2006 |
|
|
|
5,760,000 |
3,201,000 |
|
|
2009 |
3,069,000 |
|
|
|
|
6,176,000 |
|
2016 |
3,119,735 |
11,780,000 |
|
|
|
7,827,000 |
|
2017 |
|
|
|
|
|
7,874,700 |
Tourism: Visitors to Hungary,
4,655,200 (1974)
2,878,000 (1995)
2,992,000 (2000)
3,446,000 (2005)
3,462,000 (2010)
4,929,000 (2015)
_____________________________________________________________________