Page last modified 21 August 2023
95) Ghana
Community
Area 238,533 square kilometres (land area 227,533 square kilometres)
Population,
764,185 (1891)
1,548,985 (1901)
1,502,286 (1911)
2,296,400 (1921)
3,160.186 (1931)
4,119,450 (1949)
6,726,800 (1960)
8,600,000 (1970) +27.8%
10,800,000 (1980) +25.6%
14,600,000 (1990) +35.2%
18,900,000 (2000) +29.5%
24,500,000 (2010) +29.6%
31,073,000 (2020) +26.8%
Religion, %
|
|
Animist |
Christian Pentecostal |
Christian Protestant |
Christian R C |
Muslim Sunni |
|
1900 |
90.2 |
|
4.1 |
0.4 |
5.0 |
|
1960 |
38.2 |
|
28.0 |
13.4 |
12.0 |
|
1970 |
33.2 |
|
23.8 |
15.8 |
13.0 |
|
1990 |
17.0 |
|
30.0 |
25.0 |
20.0 |
|
2000 |
8.5 |
24.1 |
18.6 |
15.1 |
15.9 |
|
2010 |
5.2 |
28.1 |
18.4 |
13.1 |
17.6 |
Birth and death rates Below replacement rate = 2.1
|
|
Fertility Rate |
Birth Rate |
Infant Mortality |
Death Rate |
% Aged Under 15 |
% Aged Over 65 |
% Urban |
|
1921 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
8.0 |
|
1931 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
12.1 |
|
1952 |
|
48.0 (+26.0) |
149.0 |
22.0 |
44.0 |
2.7 |
14.2 |
|
1962 |
6.8 |
48.0 (+29.0) |
121.0 |
18.0 |
44.6 |
2.4 |
24.4 |
|
1972 |
6.9 |
46.0 (+30.4) |
118.2 |
15.6 |
46.0 |
2.5 |
29.4 |
|
1980 |
6.5 |
43.0 (+29.2) |
100.7 |
13.8 |
45.7 |
2.6 |
31.2 |
|
1990 |
5.6 |
39.0 (+28.0) |
79.6 |
11.0 |
43.8 |
2.8 |
36.4 |
|
2000 |
4.8 |
35.4 (+24.7) |
64.5 |
10.7 |
41.8 |
2.9 |
43.9 |
|
2010 |
4.3 |
33.3 (+24.2) |
47.5 |
9.1 |
39.6 |
2.8 |
50.7 |
|
2015 |
4.0 |
31.6 (+23.3) |
38.9 |
8.3 |
38.8 |
3.0 |
54.0 |
|
2017 |
3.9 |
29.8 (-21.8) |
36.1 |
8.0 |
|
|
|
|
2018 |
|
|
34.9 |
|
37.6 |
3.1 |
56.1 |
Life expectancy,
42.0 (1952); 40.0 (M), 44.0 (F)
45.8 (1960); 45.5 (M), 46.1 (F)
49.3 (1970); 48.5 (M), 50.3 (F)
52.3 (1980); 51.1 (M), 53.5 (F)
56.8 (1990); 55.7 (M), 57.9 (F)
57.0 (2000); 56.2 (M), 57.8 (F)
60.9 (2010); 60.0 (M), 61.8 (F)
64.2 (2020); 63.1 (M), 65.3 (F)
Population of principal cities, 1,000s
|
|
ACCRA1 |
Kumasi |
Sekondi-Tekorado2 |
Tamale |
Tema3 |
|
1891 |
16 |
|
|
|
|
|
1901 |
27 |
3 |
|
|
|
|
1911 |
30 |
19 |
|
|
|
|
1921 |
43 |
24 |
|
|
|
|
1931 |
61 |
36 |
17 |
12 |
|
|
1948 |
136 |
78 |
|
|
|
|
1950 |
173 |
|
|
|
|
|
1960 |
378 |
218 |
75 |
|
23 |
|
1970 |
564 |
382 |
|
|
58 |
|
1980 |
750 |
|
|
|
|
|
1990 |
1,100 |
390 |
110 |
160 |
115 |
|
2000 |
1,950 |
|
|
|
|
|
2010 |
2,070 |
|
|
361 |
|
|
2013 |
|
2,069 MA |
450 |
|
162 |
1The city grew around three forts originally built by European slave traders.
2Major port development from 1929.
3Large new port opened in 1962.
Wealth; Gross Domestic Product (nominal values)
|
|
GDP, US$ million |
Total GDP, % of USA |
GDP per capita, US$ |
GDP per capita % of USA |
|
1960 |
1,217 |
0.22 |
183 |
6.09 |
|
1965 |
2,053 |
0.28 |
266 |
6.95 |
|
1970 |
2,210 |
0.21 |
259 |
4.94 |
|
1975 |
2,810 |
0.17 |
285 |
3.64 |
|
1980 |
4,445 |
0.16 |
410 |
3.25 |
|
1985 |
4,500 |
0.11 |
354 |
1.94 |
|
1990 |
6,230 |
0.11 |
462 |
1.93 |
|
1995 |
6,460 |
0.09 |
397 |
1.32 |
|
2000 |
4,240 |
0.04 |
271 |
0.74 |
|
2005 |
10,700 |
0.08 |
498 |
1.12 |
|
2010 |
32,174 |
0.22 |
1,312 |
2.71 |
|
2015 |
37,540 |
0.21 |
1,361 |
2.42 |
|
2016 |
42,690 |
0.23 |
1,513 |
2.63 |
GDP by primary sector
|
|
Agriculture % GDP |
Agriculture % employed |
Industry % GDP |
Industry % employed |
Services % GDP |
Services % employed |
|
1960 |
|
64.0 |
|
14.0 |
|
22.0 |
|
1970 |
|
58.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
1980 |
53.0 |
53.0 |
4.0 |
20.0 |
|
|
|
1990 |
49.3 |
53.3 |
16.2 |
12.5 |
35.0 |
22.9 |
|
2000 |
36.0 |
60.0 |
24.3 |
15.0 |
39.5 |
25.0 |
|
2010 |
33.7 |
56.0 |
24.7 |
15.0 |
41.6 |
29.0 |
|
2013 |
|
44.7 |
|
14.4 |
|
40.9 |
|
2016 |
19.7 |
|
25.3 |
|
59.4 |
|
Communications
Language, Official; English
Literacy
27.0% (1960)
31.0% (1970)
43.2% (1980); 52.7% (M), 33.8% (F)
53.5% (1985); 64,1% (M), 42.8% (F)
54.1% (2000); 62.9% (M), 45.7% (F)
57.9% (2010); 66.4% (M), 49.8% (F)
76.6% (2015); 82.0 (M), 71.4 (F)
Physical communications � roads
|
|
Roads (km) |
Surfaced (km) |
Motor vehicles |
Cars |
Commercial Vehicles |
|
1955 |
|
|
26,100 |
11,000 |
|
|
1962 |
|
|
50,830 |
25,179 |
16,489 |
|
1965 |
|
|
52,601 |
|
|
|
1986 |
21,700 |
|
105,000 |
60,000 |
27,000 |
|
1990 |
28,300 |
3,800 |
|
|
|
|
2000 |
46,179 |
|
|
91,000 |
|
|
2010 |
62,221 |
9,955 |
730,000 |
|
|
|
2013 |
|
|
820,000 |
|
|
|
2015 |
|
|
1,952,600 |
|
|
Railways; Railway construction began 1898. Delayed by the First Ashanti War and by recruitment problems, the first section, Sekondi to Tarkway, 68km only opened in May 1901. Tarkwa to Obuasi, 137 km, opened December 1902. Obuasi to Kumasi opened 1/10/1903. Accra was reached by railway in 1912.
Length, kilometres
290 (1910)
483 (1920)
787 (1930)
787 (1940)
861 (1950)
948 (1960)
953 (1980)
953 (2000)
947 (2010)
947 (2014)
Electronic communications, TV broadcasts began 31/7/1965
|
|
Telephones (landlines) |
Mobile Telephones |
Radios |
Televisions |
PCs |
Internet Users |
|
1950 |
|
|
14,000 |
|
|
|
|
1960 |
|
|
109,000 |
|
|
|
|
1962 |
26,234 |
|
298,000 |
|
|
|
|
1975 |
31,300 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
1976 |
|
|
1,080,000 |
35,000 |
|
|
|
1980 |
37,700 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
1982 |
|
|
1,880,000 |
60,000 |
41 |
|
|
1985 |
|
|
|
|
76 |
|
|
1990 |
44,240 |
4002 |
3,420,000 |
246,000 |
728 |
|
|
1995 |
|
6,200 |
4,000,000 |
1,600,000 |
20,000 |
4,5003 |
|
2000 |
275,040 |
130,045 |
|
|
60,000 |
30,000 |
|
2001 |
|
|
13,900,000 |
|
|
170,0004 |
|
2004 |
|
|
|
|
112,000 |
368,000 |
|
2005 |
321,520 |
2,842,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
2010 |
300,000 |
17,436,000 |
|
|
|
1,600,000 |
|
2016 |
251,490 |
38,305,000 |
|
|
|
9,328,000 |
|
2017 |
|
|
|
|
|
9,935,300 |
|
|
Telephones (landlines) |
Mobile Telephones |
Radios |
Televisions |
PCs |
Internet Users |
11983 figure
21992 figure
31997 figure
42002 figure
Tourism: Visitors to Ghana,
30,151 (1970)
60,000 (1977)
42,400 (1981)
92,550 (1986)
146,000 (1990)
286,000 (1995)
399,000 (2000)
429,000 (2005)
931,000 (2010)
897,000 (2015)