Page last modified 19 August 2023
European Union
Community
Area square kilometres
1,166,000 (EU 6) (1956)
2,239,000 (EU 15) (1993)
4,324,782 (EU 27) (2010)
4,457,757 (EU 28) (2015)
Population, Census years in bold
EU � first 6 members,
162,705 (1956)
EU � first 15 members,
369,121,900 (1993)
371,188,000 (1995)
376,203,000 (2000)
382,721,000 (2004)
EU � first 25 members,
378,000,000 (1960)
395,100,000 (1965)
406,900,000 (1970)
418,400,000 (1975)
427,000,000 (1980)
432,000,000 (1985)
444,000,000 (1990)
446,390,000 (1995)
451,080,000 (2000)
456,863,000 (2004)
EU �27 members, Percentage of world population in brackets
403 million (13.3%) (1960)
435 million (11.8%) (1970)
457 million (10.3%) (1980)
470 million (8.9%) (1990)
483 million (7.9%) (2000)
501 million �(7.3%) (2010)
516 million* (7.0%) (2016)
*28 members
Birth and death rates, (number of EU countries)
|
|
Fertility Rate |
Birth Rate |
Infant Mortality |
Death Rate |
% Aged Under 15 |
% Aged Over 65 |
% Urban |
|
1962 |
|
18.3 (27) |
|
10.4 |
|
|
|
|
1972 |
|
15.6 (27) |
|
10.5 |
|
|
|
|
1982 |
|
13.3 (27) |
|
10.4 |
|
|
|
|
1992 |
|
|
6.4 (15) |
|
|
|
|
|
1992 |
|
11.6 (27) |
7.7 (25) |
10.0 (25) |
|
|
|
|
2002 |
|
|
4.3 (15) |
|
|
|
|
|
2002 |
1.5 |
10.4 (27) |
5.3 (25) |
10.0 |
|
|
|
|
2012 |
1.6 |
10.2 (27) |
4.4 (25) |
10.0 (25) |
15.4 (27) |
17.5 (27) |
|
|
2014 |
1.6 |
|
|
10.2 (25) |
15.4 (27) |
18.5 (27) |
|
|
2016 |
1.6 |
10.1 (28) |
4.0 (28) |
10.2 (28) |
|
|
|
|
2017 |
|
|
|
10.3 |
|
|
|
Life expectancy,
70.0 (1960); 67.3 (M), 72.7 (F) (EU 12)
71.7 (1970); 68.5 (M), 74.8 (F) (EU 12)
74.1 (1980); 70.7 (M), 77.4 (F) (EU 12)
75.9 (1990); 72.7 (M), 79.1 (F) (EU 12)
80.0 (2014); 77.2 (M), 83,0 (F) (EU 28)
80.2 (2016); 77.4 (M), 83.2 (F) (EU 28)
Religion %
|
|
Christian Orthodox |
Christian Protestant |
Christian R C |
Christian Other |
Muslim |
No Religion |
|
2012 |
8.0 |
12.0 |
48.0 |
4.0 |
2.0 |
23.0 |
|
2015 |
9.6 |
11.1 |
45.3 |
5.6 |
1.8 |
24.0 |
Wealth; Gross Domestic Product (nominal values) (number
of EU countries)
|
|
GDP, US$ trillion |
% of USA GDP |
GDP per capita, US$ |
GDP per capita % of USA |
|
1960 |
0.39 |
71.78 |
877 |
29.17 |
|
1965 |
0.57 |
76.64 |
1,327 |
34.67 |
|
1970 |
0.86 |
82.72 |
1,934 |
36.86 |
|
1975 |
1.93 |
118.03 |
4,236 |
54.17 |
|
1980 |
3.86 |
138.08 |
8,314 |
65.99 |
|
1985 |
3.16 |
75.01 |
6,720 |
36.78 |
|
1990 |
7.58 |
130.62 |
15,854 |
66.18 |
|
1995 |
9.63 |
130.13 |
19,845 |
66.00 |
|
2000 |
8.91 |
89.44 |
18,230 |
50.01 |
|
2005 |
14.44 |
110.29 |
29,079 |
65.63 |
|
2010 |
16.99 |
113.54 |
33,658 |
69.58 |
|
2015 |
16.41 |
90.98 |
32,048 |
57.02 |
|
2016 |
16.52 (28) |
88.97 |
32,059 |
55.79 |
|
2017 |
18.39 (28) |
|
33,551 |
|
GDP by primary sector, (number of EU countries)
|
|
Agriculture % GDP |
Agriculture % employed |
Industry % GDP |
Industry % employed |
Services % GDP |
Services % employed |
|
1950 (6) |
|
27.0 |
|
40.0 |
|
33.0 |
|
1965 (6) |
|
17.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
1990 (12) |
6.6 |
|
32.5 |
|
30.9 |
|
|
2000 (15) |
3.9 |
|
28.2 |
|
67.9 |
|
|
2011 (27) |
1.8 |
4.7 |
25.0 |
28.7 |
73.1 |
66.6 |
|
2016 (28) |
1.5 |
5.0 |
24.7 |
21.9 |
71.0 |
73.1 |
Communications
Languages, M = Mother Tongue, S = can converse in.
|
|
Dutch |
English |
French |
German |
Italian |
Polish |
Roma nian |
Spanish |
|
2012 |
4.0 M 5.0 C |
13.0 M 51.0 C |
13.0 M 24.0 C |
16.0 M 27.0 C |
12.0 M 16.0 C |
8.0 M 9.0 \c |
5.0 M 5.0 C |
8.0 M 15.0 C |
Physical communications � roads, figures in millions
|
|
Roads (km) millions |
Surfaced (km) |
Motor vehicles |
Cars |
Commercial Vehicles |
|
1955 (6) |
|
|
|
6.67 |
2.95 |
|
1992 (12) |
2.92 |
|
|
137.20 |
15.54 |
|
1992 (15) |
3.16 |
|
|
145.96 |
16.37 |
|
2010 (27) |
5.81 |
|
|
|
|
|
2016 (28) |
10.58 |
|
|
|
|
Railways; (number of EU countries in order of accession � including track length before they became members for certain years)
|
|
Length km |
% electrified |
|
1955 |
107,627 (6) |
|
|
1980 |
168,150 (15) 238,192 (27) |
|
|
1990 |
162,132 (15) 231,851 (27) |
|
|
1995 |
161,743 (15) |
|
|
2000 |
156,224 (15) 217,347 (27) |
|
|
2005 |
153,513 (15) 215,439 (27) |
|
|
2010 |
228,710 (27) |
|
|
2016 |
230,548 (28) |
|
Electronic communications (millions of items)
|
|
Telephones (landlines) |
Mobile Telephones |
Radios |
Televisions |
PCs |
Internet Users |
|
2005 |
238.0 |
466 |
|
|
|
|
|
2009 |
|
|
|
|
|
300 |
|
2011 |
|
|
|
|
|
359.5 |
|
2016 |
213.8 |
632.5 |
|
|
|
398.1 |