Page
last modified 18 August 2023
Chad
Community
Area 1,284,000 square kilometres (land area 1,259,000 square kilometres)
Population,
1,700,000 (1900)
2,610,000 (1950)
3,040,000 (1960) +16.5%
3,652,000 (1970) +20.1%
4,477,000 (1980) +22.6%
5,687,000 (1990) +27.0%
8,350,000 (2000) +46.8%
11,900,000 (2010) +42.5%
16,426,000 (2020) +38.0%
Religion, %
|
|
Animist |
Christian Protestant |
Christian R C |
Muslim Sunni |
|
1900 |
64.0 |
|
|
36.0 |
|
1957 |
54.0 |
|
|
|
|
1970 |
26.9 |
10.8 |
20.0 |
42.0 |
|
1980 |
|
|
|
52.0 |
|
1990 |
23.0 |
|
|
50.0 |
|
1993 |
|
14.2 |
20.1 |
54.0 |
|
2009 |
10.0 |
14.0 |
20.0 |
55.8 |
Birth and death rates Below replacement rate = 2.1
|
|
Fertility Rate |
Birth Rate |
Infant Mortality |
Death Rate |
% Aged Under 15 |
% Aged Over 65 |
% Urban |
|
1952 |
|
45.0 (+13.0) |
211.0 |
32.0 |
37.6 |
4.3 |
2.2 |
|
1962 |
6.3 |
46.0 (+20.0) |
165.0 |
26.0 |
41.7 |
3.8 |
7.2 |
|
1968 |
6.1 |
45.0 (+21.0) |
150.0 |
24.0 |
42.7 |
3.8 |
10.2 |
|
1980 |
6.8 |
48.0 (+29.0) |
122.0 |
21.0 |
45.1 |
3.5 |
18.8 |
|
1990 |
6.7 |
47.0 (+28.0) |
111.2 |
19.0 |
47.5 |
3.2 |
20.8 |
|
2000 |
6.6 |
48.0 (+30.0) |
100.3 |
18.0 |
49.0 |
2.9 |
21.6 |
|
2010 |
6.0 |
45.0 (+29.9) |
85.0 |
15.1 |
48.6 |
2.6 |
22.0 |
|
2015 |
6.1 |
43.9 (+30.7) |
76.2 |
13.2 |
47.6 |
2.4 |
22.5 |
|
2017 |
5.8 |
42.7 (+30.0) |
73.1 |
12.7 |
|
|
|
|
2018 |
|
|
71.4 |
|
47.1 |
2.5 |
23.1 |
Life expectancy,
32.5 (1950); 31.0 (M), 34.0 (F)
38.0 (1960); 36.0 (M), 40.2 (F)
41.3 (1970); 40.0 (M), 42.7 (F)
44.7 (1980); 43.7 (M), 45.7 (F)
46.9 (1990); 45.8 (M), 48.1 (F)
47.6 (2000); 46.6 (M), 48.6 (F)
50.2 (2010); 49.3 (M), 51.2 (F)
54.3 (2020); 52.9 (M), 55.8 (F)
Population of principal cities, 1,000s MA = Metropolitan Area
|
|
Abeche |
Bongor |
Doba |
Moundou |
N�DJAMENA1 |
Sarh2 |
|
1909 |
28 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
1919 |
6 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
1936 |
|
|
|
|
7.3 |
|
|
1964 |
|
|
|
20 |
99 |
|
|
1973 |
|
|
|
|
103 |
|
|
1976 |
43 |
|
|
55 |
|
54 |
|
1980 |
54 |
|
|
66 |
|
65 |
|
1983 |
|
|
|
|
225 |
|
|
1988 |
40 |
19 |
|
87 |
|
|
|
1993 |
55 |
20 |
18 |
|
531 |
75 |
|
2003 |
|
|
|
|
797 |
|
|
2009 |
|
31 |
26 |
132 |
993 |
99 |
|
2012 |
78 |
|
|
138 |
1,606 MA |
103 |
1N�Djamena was founded on 29 May 1900 by the French, the city, known as |Fort Lamy until 1973, was named after an army officer, Amedee Francois Lamy, who had died at the Battle of Kousseri a few days earlier.� The current name of the city was taken from a nearby Arab village.�� Civil wars in 1973 and 1980 destroyed much of the city�s infrastructure.
2Sarh was
formerly known as Fort Archambault.
Wealth; Gross Domestic Product (nominal values). In 2003 Chad began to produce oil, and the construction of an oil pipeline from Chad to the sea at Cameroon greatly boosted Chad�s economic growth.�
|
|
GDP, US$ million |
Total GDP, % of USA |
GDP per capita, US$ |
GDP per capita % of USA |
|
1960 |
314 |
0.06 |
105 |
3.49 |
|
1965 |
420 |
0.06 |
126 |
3.29 |
|
1970 |
469 |
0.05 |
129 |
2.46 |
|
1975 |
864 |
0.05 |
211 |
2.70 |
|
1980 |
1,033 |
0.04 |
228 |
1.81 |
|
1985 |
1,033 |
0.02 |
185 |
1.01 |
|
1990 |
1,610 |
0.03 |
286 |
1.19 |
|
1995 |
1,420 |
0.02 |
224 |
0.74 |
|
2000 |
1,390 |
0.01 |
168 |
0.46 |
|
2005 |
6,646 |
0.05 |
660 |
1.49 |
|
2010 |
10,657 |
0.07 |
896 |
1.85 |
|
2015 |
10,890 |
0.06 |
777 |
1.38 |
|
2016 |
9,600 |
0.05 |
664 |
1.16 |
GDP by primary sector Chad became an oil producer in 2003
|
|
Agriculture % GDP |
Agriculture % employed |
Industry % GDP |
Industry % employed |
Services % GDP |
Services % employed |
|
1960 |
|
95.0 |
|
2.0 |
|
3.0 |
|
1970 |
|
90.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
1980 |
41.0 |
85.0 |
16.2 |
7.0 |
|
8.0 |
|
1990 |
43.0 |
83.0 |
18.0 |
5.0 |
39.0 |
12.0 |
|
2000 |
39.0 |
75.0 |
|
|
44.0 |
|
|
2006 |
20.5 |
80.0 |
54.8 |
|
24.7 |
|
|
2016 |
57.8 |
|
13.9 |
|
28.3 |
|
Communications
Language Official; Arabic and French,� local African languages also spoken
Literacy
6.0% (1960)
15.0% (1980); 12.1% (M), 0.9% (F)
25.0% (1985); 40.0% (M), 11.0% (F)
25.5% (2003); 40.6% (M), 12.7% (F)
25.7% (2010); 40.8% (M), 12.8% (F)
Physical communications � roads and railways
|
|
Roads (km) |
Surfaced (km) |
Motor vehicles |
Cars |
Commercial Vehicles |
Railway (km) |
|
1964 |
|
|
6,600 |
|
|
|
|
1976 |
30,725 |
240 |
|
7,000 |
9,668 |
|
|
1986 |
|
|
18,000 |
|
|
500 |
|
2002 |
33,360 |
267 |
|
8,900 |
12,400 |
|
|
2006 |
40,000 |
|
|
18,900 |
35,400 |
0 |
|
2013 |
|
|
622,000 |
|
|
|
Electronic communications, TV broadcasts began 1984
|
|
Telephones (landlines) |
Mobile Telephones |
Radios |
Televisions |
PCs |
Internet Users |
|
1960 |
|
|
6,000 |
|
|
|
|
1975 |
2,400 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
1977 |
|
|
80,000 |
|
|
|
|
1982 |
|
|
120,000 |
|
|
|
|
1990 |
4,026 |
|
1,335,000 |
7,000 |
|
|
|
1995 |
|
|
1,570,000 |
9,000 |
|
|
|
1998 |
|
|
1,.800,000 |
11,000 |
8,000 |
50 |
|
2000 |
10,281 |
5,500 |
1,990,000 |
13,000 |
11,000 |
1,000 |
|
2002 |
|
|
|
|
|
15,000 |
|
2004 |
13,000 |
|
|
|
15,000 |
35,000 |
|
2005 |
|
210,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
2006 |
|
|
|
90,000 |
|
|
|
2009 |
|
2,686,000 |
|
|
|
168,100 |
|
2011 |
|
|
|
|
|
190,000 |
|
2012 |
29,900 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
2016 |
14,000 |
6,231,000 |
|
|
|
593,000 |
|
2017 |
|
|
|
|
|
748,250 |
Tourism: Visitors to Chad,
7,000 (1983)
9,000 (1990)
19,000 (1995)
43,000 (2000)
46,000 (2006)
71,000 (2010)
119,800 (2015)