Chronography of events from 1 Janury 700 to 31 December 1199
Page last modified 23/6/2022
(-9999) = Day count to end of World War Two in Europe (day zero = Tuesday). Easter Sundays derived from https://www.staff.science.uu.nl/~gent0113/easter/easter_text2b.htm
For dates from 1/1/1200 click here
1/1/1200, Saturday (-272,226)
==================================================================================
27/5/1199, Thursday (-272,445) (Britain,
France) King John became King of England,
also the Angevin lands in France.
18/4/1199, Sunday (-272,484) Easter Sunday.
6/4/1199. Tuesday (-272,496) Richard I, Richard Lionheart, died, killed by an arrow in battle whilst
besieging Chaluz Castle.
1/1/1199, Friday (-272,591)
==================================================================================
10/12/1198, Thursday
(-272,613) (Islam)
Abu al Walid, also known as Averroes, Arab philosopher, was born in Marrakesh,
Morocco.
9/6/1198, Tuesday
(-272,797) Otto of Brunswick was
crowned King of Germany and Holy Roman Emperor, Otto IV.
29/3/1198, Sunday (-272,869) Easter Sunday.
8/1/1198. Thursday (-272,949) (1) Pope
Celestine III died.
(2) On his election as Pope, Innocent
III called for a new Crusade.
1/1/1198, Thursday
(-272,956)
=================================================================================
1/10/1197, Monday
(-272,987)
28/9/1197, Friday
(-272,990) Holy Roman Emperor Henry VI died.
6/4/1197, Sunday (-273,226) Easter Sunday
1/1/1197, Wednesday (-273,321)
================================================================================
21/4/1196, Sunday (-273,576)
Easter Sunday.
1/1/1196, Monday (-273,687)
================================================================================
18/7/1195, Tuesday (-273,854) (Spain) The
Almohads won a� major victory over
Christian forces at Alarcos. However they had to deal with internal dissentions
and were unable to follow up this victory.
2/4/1195, Sunday
(-273,961) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1195, Sunday
(-274,052)
====================================================================================
26/12/1194, Monday
(-274,058) (Germany) Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor, was
born at Iesi, Italy.
25/4/1194, Monday
(-274,303) (Italy) Eccelino da Romano,
Ghibelline leader and supporter of Frederick II, was born (died 7/10/1259).
10/4/1194, Sunday (-274,318) Easter Sunday.
26/3/1194, Saturday
(-274,333) Richard captured Nottingham Castle � the cause of his brother,
John was lost.
1/1/1194, Saturday
(-274,417)
=================================================================================
28/3/1193, Sunday (-274,696)
Easter Sunday.
4/3/1193. Thursday
(-274,720) Saladdin, Sultan of
Egypt, died. See 2/11/1192.
1/1/1193, Friday (-274,782)
==================================================================================
2/11/1192. Monday (-274,842) Peace was concluded between Richard
I (Lionheart) of England and Saladin
of Jerusalem (see 2/12/1187). The Crusades never achieved their objective of
liberating the Holy Land from the Muslims but because they caused the death of
so many noblemen the system of serfdom
and landholding in Europe was gradually dismantled. Feudalism gradually ended over the period 1300 to the Thirty Year�s War,
1618-48.
2/9/1192, Wednesday (-274,903)
5/8/1192, Wednesday (-274,931) (Christian) Final battle of the Third Crusade, at Jaffa. After victory at Arsuf, Richard
I had spent months capturing castles and winning minor fights, but never
managed to attain his ultimate objective of gaining Jerusalem. In late July
1192 he was in Acre, planning his return trip to England when Saladin
unexpectedly attacked Jaffa. Saladin took the town but not the citadel, Richard
I arrived at Jaffa by sea and managed to drive the Muslims away from Jaffa.
Saladin and Richard I then opened peace negotiations. The end result was a deal
that left the Christians with just a narrow coastal strip in the Holy Land, but
did at least ensure their presence there for another century.
28/4/1192, Tuesday (-275,030)
Conrad of Montferrat, Crusader King of Jerusalem, died.
5/4/1192, Sunday
(-275,053) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1192, Wednesday
(-275,148)
=================================================================================
6/9/1191, Friday
(-275,265) (Christian) Richard I defeated the Saracens at
the Battle of Arsouf, then marched on Jaffa.
4/7/1191, Thursday
(-275,329) (Christian) Crusaders under Richard I captured
Acre from Saladdin, during the Third Crusade.
14/4/1191, Sunday (-275,410) Easter Sunday
8/2/1191, Friday (-275,475)
Yaroslav II, Grand Prince of Vladimir, was born.
1/1/1191, Tuesday
(-275,513) week
39,539
===================================================================================
4/7/1190, Wednesday
(-275,694) Richard I set out on a
Crusade, leaving his younger brother John in Europe.
10/6/1190. Sunday (-275,718) Holy Roman Emperor Frederick
I (Barbarossa) drowned in a river on his way to the Holy Land in the Third
Crusade.
8/5/1190. Tuesday (-275,751) After some six months of
increasing persecution, 500 Jews were
massacred in York after they had taken refuge in the Castle there. The
Jews were killed by groups of young men after a three day siege before these
men were due to depart on a Crusade, backed by people who were deeply in debt
to Jewish moneylenders. King Richard I,
crowned on 2/9/189, showed his dislike of the Jews� by forbidding any to attend his coronation
feast, and anti-Semitism was on the rise in England from then.
25/3/1190, Sunday (-275,795) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1190, Monday (-275,878)
===================================================================================
4/10/1189, Wednesday
(-275,967) (Christian) Saladin returned to Acre with a
larger army to relieve the Crusader siege. Both sides lost heavily, and the
siege continued.
15/9/1189, Friday (-275,986) (Christian)
Saladin attempted to relieve the siege of Acre, which was wanted by Guy of
Jerusalem so he could use the port as a base for the expected Third Crusade.
However the Muslim forces were driven off.
3/9/1189. Sunday (-275,998) Richard the Lionheart (Richard I) was crowned King at Westminster,
after his father Henry II, died.
His first act was to free his mother Eleanor of Aquitaine from the Tower of
London where King Henry II imprisoned her 16 years earlier for supporting their
sons, Richard and John, in a rebellion against Henry. Richard was planning a
Third Crusade.
13/8/1189, Sunday (-276, 019) Richard the Lionheart
arrived in England, to a hero�s welcome.
6/7/1189, Thursday (-276,057) King Henry II, King of England, died at Chinon, succeeded by his
third son, Richard I (Lionheart).
11/5/1189, Thursday
(-276,113) (Christian) Holy Roman Emperor
Frederick I Barbarossa departed from Regensburg on the Third Crusade, with
100,000 troops.
9/4/1189, Sunday (-276,145) Easter Sunday.
21/1/1189. Saturday
(-276,223) Henry II of
England, with Philip Augustus and Frederick Barbarossa, assembled troops for a
third Crusade.
1/1/1189, Sunday (-276,243)
==================================================================================
17/4/1188, Sunday (-276,502) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1188, Friday (-276,609)
==================================================================================
17/12/1187, Thursday
(-276,624) (Papal Succession) Pope
Gregory VIII died.
2/12/1187. Wednesday (-276,639)
Jerusalem surrendered to Saladin (see
2/11/1192). Saladin was born in 1138, in Tikrit (Saddam Hussein�s native
town) of Kurdish parents and� was
educated in Syria. In 1164 he accompanies his uncle on a military campaign in
Egypt. The aim was to substitute Sunni for Shia Islam there, and also to drive
the Crusader Franks out of the Levant. The local
Syrian leader died in 1174 and Saladin defeated his 11 year old successor and
seized power. The Abbasid Caliph in Baghdad gave Saladin power over all the
lands from Morocco to Syria; Saladin later extended his rule into Mesopotamia.
Saladin also subdued the Assassins, a Muslim sect that had twice tried to kill
him. He now attacked the Crusaders, and on 1 July 1187 captured Tiberias after a six day siege.
After the capture of
Jerusalem by Saladin, the Franks
were almost evicted from the region, holding on only at Antioch,
Tripoli, and Tyre. European states set aside their differences in panic and
three rulers; Richard I of England,
Frederick Barbarossa of Germany, and Philip Augustus of France, set out on a third Crusade. The Crusaders marched on Muslim-held Acre,
Saladin arrived, and there ensued a long battle, control swinging back and
forth. After two years, Acre fell to the Crusaders. Peace negotiations began,
(see 2/11/1192), the end result being a marriage of his daughter with Saladin�s
brother, Al-Malik, who was knighted by Richard. The peace gave the coast to the
Europeans and the interior to the Muslims. In February 1188 Saladin fell ill
with a fever and died 12 days later aged 55.
21/10/1187, Pope Gregory VIII (173rd Pope)
acceded (died 1187).
5/9/1187, Tuesday
(-276,724) Louis VIII, King of France, was born.
4/7/1187, Tuesday
(-276,787) (Christian, Islam) The Battle of the Horns of Hattin (an
extinct volcano crowned with two rocky outcrops). Saladin�s 20,000 strong army
defeated Guy of Lusignan, King of Jerusalem. Guy de Lusignan had made a
tactical error in attempting to relieve Saladin�s siege of Tiberias. Thirst
drove Lusignan�s troops to drink at a nearby lake, where Saladin then attacked
them.
1/5/1187, Friday (-276,854) Battle of Cresson: Saladin
defeated the Crusaders.
29/3/1187, Sunday (-276,887) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1187, Thursday (-276,974)
=================================================================================
19/8/1186, Tuesday (277,109) Geoffrey, Duke of Brittany, died (born
23/9/1158)
13/4/1186, Sunday (-277,237) Easter Sunday
1/1/1186, Wednesday (-277,339)
==================================================================================
24/12/1185, Tuesday (-277,347)
25/11/1185, Monday (-277,376) Pope Lucius III (171st Pope) died.
25/5/1185, Saturday (-277,560) (Japan) Battle of Dan no Ura. The Taira clan
had now been almost totally driven out of Japan, in the Genpei War, except for
an island in the west of the Inland Sea. By 1185 the Minamoto had acquired
their own sea expertise. This last battle, fought off the southern tip of Honshu,
resulted in the Taira family mostly committing suicide by jumping off their
boats and drowning, despite initial military success, after they were betrayed
by one of their Generals, who switched sides to the Minamoto mid-battle.
21/4/1185, Sunday (-277,594)
Easter Sunday.
1/1/1185, Tuesday (-277,704) week 39,672
===================================================================================
1/4/1184, Sunday
(-277,979) Easter Sunday
1/3/1184, Thursday
(-278,010)
1/2/1184, Wednesday
(-278,039)
1/1/1184, Sunday (-278,070)
==================================================================================
1/12/1183, Thursday
(-278,101)
17/11/1183, Thursday
(-278,115) (Japan) Battle of Mizushima. The Taira had
lost central Japan to the Yoshinaka, but had strong bases near the Inland Sea.
Minamoto Yoshinaka sent his General, Yada Yoshiyasu, to attack one of these
bases at Yashima, on the island of Shikoku. The Taira had gained power partly
through their expertise at driving pirates out of the Inland Sea, but the
Minamoto were inexperienced at at sea warfare. Taira Tomomori and Taira
Noritsune sailed out to meet the Mimamoto. Ships were tied together to make an
artificial platform on which both sides fought with swords; the wounded would
have been thrown off and drowned. The Minamoto were defeated and disengaged
their ships and withdrew to the mainland. From now on, raids on Taira bases
were conducted from land.
25/6/1183, Saturday
(-278,260) (Italy) The Peace of Konstanz was
signed between Holy Roman Emperor Frederick I Barbarossa and the Italian
Lombard League.
11/6/1183, Saturday (-278,274) Richard I�s elder brother
died. Richard became heir to the English throne, also the Angevin lands, Normandy
and Aquitaine.
17/4/1183, Sunday (-278,329) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1183, Saturday
(-278,435)
=================================================================================
28/3/1182, Sunday (-278,714)
Easter Sunday.
1/3/1182, Monday
(-278,741)
1/2/1182, Monday
(-278,769)
1/1/1182, Friday
(-278,800)
=================================================================================
1/9/1181, Tuesday
(-278,922) (Papal Succession) Pope
Lucius III acceded.
4/8/1181, Tuesday
(-278,950)
2/6/1181, Tuesday
(-279,013) (Japan) Battle of Kurikara. The tide of the
Gempei wars now turned against the Taira.
5/4/1181, Sunday
(-279,071) Easter Sunday
1/1/1181, Thursday
(-279,165).
=================================================================================
18/9/1180, Thursday
(-279,270) Louis VII, King of France, died.
23/6/1180, Monday (-279,357) (Japan) Battle of Uji. Start of the Gempei
Wars (to 1185). This marked the end of Taira domination in Japan and the start
of the Minamoto Shogunate.
20/4/1180, Sunday (-279,421)
Easter Sunday.
1/1/1180, Tuesday
(-279,531) 39,933 weeks
=================================================================================
1/12/1179, Saturday (-279,562)
1/11/1179, Thursday (-279,592) Louis VII, in declining health, had his
son crowned as King of the Franks, Phillip II. In 1190 Phillip II became the
first monarch to style himself �King of France�.
1/4/1179, Sunday (-279,806)
Easter Sunday
1/1/1179, Monday
(-279,896)
==================================================================================
30/11/1178, Wednesday
(-279,957) Barbarossa was crowned King of Burgundy at Arles.
18/6/1178, Monday (-280,092) A
violent explosion was seen on the face of the Moon. Later, astronomers
calculated this may have been the meteor that created the crater known as
Giordano Bruno.
10/6/1178, Sunday
(-280,100)
9/4/1178, Sunday (-280,163) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1178, Sunday
(-280,261)
==================================================================================
29/12/1177, Thursday (-280,264) (Christian, Spain) The Order of Alcantara (founded 1156 as the
Order of Saint Julian) received Papal approval. It was a military order of
crusading knights, and played a part in the Reconquista of Spain from the
Muslims.
24/7/1177, Sunday
(-280,422) (Italy)
Holy Roman Emperor Frederick Barbarossa effected a reconciliation with Pope
Alexander III at Venice.
22/5/1177, Sunday
(-280,485)
24/4/1177, Sunday
(-280,513) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1177, Saturday
(-280,626)
==================================================================================
1/11/1176, Monday
(-280,687)
1/10/1176, Friday
(-280,718)
17/9/1176, Friday
(-280,732) Emperor Manuel of Byzantium was defeated by the Muslims, in the
Crusades.�
29/5/1176, Saturday
(-280,843) (Italy) The Battle of Legnano; In
Spring 1176 Holy Roman Emperor Barbarossa was campaigning in Italy, but
withdrawal of support by Henry the Lion, Duke of Saxony and Bavaria,
significantly reduced Barbarossa�s army strength. Meanwhile Milan and the other
cities of the Lombard League had built up their defences. The Italian foot
soldiers maintained a tight formation against Barbarossa�s cavalry, and the
horsemen broke on the foot soldier�s pikes. Then Barbarossa was unhorsed and
disappeared from view; his soldiers believed he had been killed, however he
turned up in Pavia three days later, where they were mourning his death.
However the result was that the Italian city-states gained autonomy from the
Holy Roman Emperor, Frederick Barbarossa. The Lombard League of Italian towns,
supported by Pope Alexander III, objected to Barbarossa�s interference in their
internal affairs. Barbarossa had laid waste to Milan, but was defeated at
Legnano, north-west of Milan, and admitted defeat.
4/4/1176, Sunday
(-280,898) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1176, Thursday
(-280,992)
=================================================================================
6/10/1175, Monday
(-281,079) (Ireland)
At a Council in Windsor, King Henry II and Roderick O�Connor, King of
Connaught, signed the Treaty of Windsor whereby O�Connor continued to rule
Connaught but paid an annual tribute to Henry.
3/10/1175, Friday
(-281,082)
1/8/1175, Friday
(-281,145)
1/7/1175, Tuesday
(-281,176)
29/6/1175, Sunday
(-281,178) King Henry II held a Council at Gloucester, at which oaths of loyalty
were obtained from the Welsh princes.
13/4/1175, Sunday (-281,255) Easter Sunday
1/1/1175, Wednesday
(-281,357)
==================================================================================
5/9/1174, Thursday (-281,475) Fire
gutted the Choir of Canterbury Cathedral. It was rebuilt using the pointed
arch, the first known use of this type of arch in England.
1/8/1174, Thursday
(281,510)
24/3/1174, �Sunday (-281,640) )
Easter Sunday.
1/1/1174, Tuesday
(-281,722)
==================================================================================
8/8/1173, Wednesday
(-281,868) The construction of what is now known as the Leaning Tower of
Pisa began.
1/8/1173, Wednesday
(-281,875)
8/4/1173, Sunday
(-281,990) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1173, Monday
(-281,087)
==================================================================================
1/8/1172, Tuesday
(-282,240)
16/4/1172, Sunday (-282,347) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1172, Saturday
(-282,453)
===================================================================================
25/12/1171, Saturday (-282,460)
23/10/1171, Saturday (-282,523)
17/10/1171, Sunday
(-282,529) King Henry landed near Waterford, Ireland.� Ireland submitted peacefully to English rule.
1/8/1171, Sunday
(-281,606)
28/3/1171, Sunday (-282,732)
Easter Sunday.
1/1/1171, Friday
(-282,818)
===================================================================================
29/12/1170. Tuesday
(-282,821) The murder
of Thomas Becket, 40th Archbishop of Canterbury, by four
knights in his own Cathedral. The knights (Reginald Fitzurse,
William de Tracy, Hugh de Merville, and Richard de Breton) believed they were
acting on King Henry II�s orders. Becket, far from being the docile cleric
Henry believed him to be on appointing him as Archbishop of Canterbury, was a
firm upholder of ecclesiastical privileges. Henry, furious at Becket�s
excommunication of the six bishops who had assisted the Archbishop of York at
the crowning of Henry II�s son in Westminster Abbey, uttered the fatal cry.
�Who will rid me of this turbulent priest�. The four knights gave Henry his
answer.
2/12/1170, Wednesday (-282,848) Thomas
Beckett returned to Canterbury from his voluntary exile. He had left England on
2/11/1164.
13/11/1170, Friday
(-282,867) Albrecht �The Bear� of Brandenburg died aged 70, having divided
his lands between his six sons.
1/8/1170, Saturday
(-282,971)
14/6/1170, Sunday (-283,019)
King Henry II�s son was crowned, not as was custom by the Archbishop of
Canterbury but by the Archbishop of York. This was a major snub to Thomas
Beckett, and against Papal instructions. Henry then made verbal reconciliation
with Beckett, who, impatient to return to England, did so without proper
guarantees of safety.
7/6/1170, Sunday (-283,026)
5/4/1170, Sunday (-283,089) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1170, Thursday (-283,183)
=================================================================================
1/8/1169, Friday (-283,336)
20/4/1169, Sunday (-283,439)
Easter Sunday.
23/3/1169, Sunday (-283,467) (Egypt) Shirguh died of a stomach illness, and
Saladin was appointed by the Caliph as�
his successor.
4/2/1169, Tuesday
(-283,514) An earthquake with an estimated magnitude of around 7 struck the
eastern coast of Sicily, causing an estimated 15,000 deaths.
6/1/1169, Monday (-283,543)
(Egypt) Shirguh,
who had hastened to Egypt again to counter the new threat from Almaric, now
seized Shawar and executed him some ten days later.
===================================================================================
1/8/1168, Thursday (-283,701)
31/3/1168, Sunday (-283,824)
Easter Sunday.
1/1/1168, Monday
(-283,914)
====================================================================================
24/12/1167, Sunday
(-283,922) King John, sixth and youngest son of Henry II and Eleanor of
Aquitaine, was born in Oxford.
1/8/1167, Tuesday (-284,067)
week 40.581
27/4/1167, Thursday (-284,163)
Italians from the cities of Bergamo, Brescia, Cremona, Mantua, Treviso and
Verona arrived at the ruins of Milan to rebuild it. Holy Roman Emperor
Frederick Barbarossa had imposed a non-native ruler, or Podesta, upon it, as he had upon other Italian cities he
controlled, following the surrender of Milan to him after his siege of it in
1158. The taxes imposed upon Milan by the Podesta
were heavy and they revolted. In 1162 Frederick returned to Milan and this time
razed it to the ground, dispersing its inhabitants into the countryside.
Although Frederick went on to capture Rome in 1167, his army was decimated by
malaria and he had to return to Germany for reinforcements. Facing domestic
issues in Germany he could not return south and deal with this act of defiance
in rebuilding Milan. He was unable to re-enter Italy until 1174, by which time
the Lombard League had consolidated and gained control of the central and
eastern Alpine passes. In 1168 the Lombards founded a new city, called
Alessandria in honour of Pope Alexander II, to defend the western frontier.
Alessandria withstood a 6-month siege by Frederick (1174-5) and on 29/5/1176
Frederick was decisively defeated at Legnano.
11/4/1167, Tuesday
(-284,179) (Egypt) Battle of Babain. Shirguh and
his nephew Saladin defeated an alliance of the Franks and Shawar. The Franks
and Shawar then made another attack on Saladin, besieging him in Alexandria,
but after 75 days were compelled to raise this siege. This was because
Shirguh�s forces were threatening Cairo, where a Frankish garrison had been
admitted by Shawar. The Franks and Syrians now agreed to leave Egypt, although
they retained a garrison in Cairo.
9/4/1167, Sunday (-284,181) Easter Sunday.
28/1/1167, Saturday
(284,252) (Jewish)
Abraham ben Meir Ibn Ezra, Jewish scholar, born in Toledo, Spain, ca. 1092,
died.
1/1/1167, Sunday
(-284,279)
================================================================================
1/8/1166, Monday
(-284,432)
29/7/1166, Friday (-284,435)
Henry II, Count of Champagne, was born.
27/5/1166, Friday
(-284,498)
7/5/1166, Saturday (-284,518)
Norman King William I of Sicily died after a 12-year reign. He was succeeded by
his 13-year-old son who reigned as William II until his death in 1189. William
II supported the Papacy and entered a secret agreement with the Lombardy cities
to resist Frederick II Barbarossa (Holy Roman Emperor).
24/4/1166, Sunday
(-284,531) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1166, Saturday
(-284,644)
===================================================================================
25/12/1165, Saturday
(-284,651)
9/12/1165, Thursday (-284,667)
Malcolm IV, King of Scotland, died aged 24. He was succeeded by his 22-year-old
brother, William the Lion, who ruled until 1214.
25/11/1165, Thursday
(-284,681) Holy Roman Emperor Frederick I Barbarossa visited Utrecht.
21/8/1165, Saturday (-284,777)
Philip Augustus, King of France, was born.
1/8/1165, Sunday
(-284,797)
4/4/1165, Sunday (-284,916) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1165, Friday
(-285,009)
==================================================================================
1/8/1164, Saturday
(-285,162)
12/4/1164, Sunday (-285,273) Easter Sunday
30/1/1164, Thursday (-285,346) Matilda, Queen of England, died (born
1102).
1/1/1164, Wednesday
(-285,375)
===============================================================================
1/8/1163, Thursday (-285,528)
24/3/1163, �Sunday (-784,628) Easter
Sunday.
1/1/1163, Tuesday
(-285,740)
=================================================================================
1/8/1162, Wednesday (-285,893)
3/6/1162, Sunday
(-285,952) Thomas Becket was consecrated as Archbishop of Canterbury.
8/4/1162, Sunday
(-286,008) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1162, Monday
(-286,105)
================================================================================
25/12/1161, Monday
(-286,112)
16/11/1161, Wednesday
(-286,152) The Jurchen Jin dynasty planned a seaborne invasion of southern
Song China. Some 70,000 soldiers embarked on transport ships. Their commander,
Zheng Zia, was not intending to undertake a sea battle, a form of warfare which
his horse-borne steppe warriors had no experience. However the invasion fleet
was intercepted by a squadron of Song warships, commanded by Li Bao, in the
islands off the Shandong Peninsula. The Song warships included �tower ships�;
these had a trebuchet to hurl missiles. They also had inflammable gunpowder
missiles that set fire to enemy ships. Many Jurchen soldiers drowned as they
leapt off burning ships, including Zheng Zia.
1/8/1161, Tuesday
(-286,258) week 40,894
18/4/1161, Tuesday
(-286,363) Theobald of Bec,
Archbishop of Canterbury, died.
16/4/1161, Sunday (-286,365) Easter Sunday.
7/2/1161, Tuesday (-286,433) The title �Confessor� was
conferred upon King Edward, by Papal Bull. It signified his adherence to
religious principles in the face of temptation.
1/1/1161, Sunday
(-286,470)
=================================================================================
25/12/1160, Sunday
(-286,477)
26/11/1160, Friday
(-286,507) (Italy)
Holy Roman Emperor Barbarossa captured the Italian city of Crema. Crema was
allied to Milan, a wealthy city which Barbarossa wished to acquire. Arriving at
Crema on 2/7/1159, Barbarossa laid siege, and both sides used barbarous
tactics, tying prisoners to siege towers, even children, so they were killed by
their own side, and hacking prisoners to pieces in front of the enemy. Hunger
eventually forced Crema to surrender; its defenders lives were spared, but the
city was razed to the ground.
1/8/1160, Monday
(-286,623)
27/3/1160, Sunday (-286,750) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1160, Friday (-286,836)
================================================================================
1/9/1159. Tuesday
(-286,958) Death of Pope Adrian IV,
elected Pope on 4/12/1154. He was formerly Nicholas Breakspear, and was the only English Pope. In 1155 he authorised
King Henry II of England to invade Ireland and hold it as a hereditary
fief of the Papacy. Breakspear was born at Bedmond Farm in Abbots Langley,
Hertfordshire, around 1100. His father became a monk of St Albans abbey,
presumably after the death of his wife. Nicholas Breakspear also applied to
join the Abbey at age 18 but was refused admission because of too little
schooling. He went abroad as a wandering scholar and finally became a monk in
the Augustinian Abbey of St Rufus in Avignon in 1130. He was elected Abbot in 1137
and came to the notice of the Pope, Eugenius III. The Pope recognised his
qualities and made him a bishop and a cardinal; Breakspear was sent on a trip
to war-torn Scandinavia where he restored peace. After 4 years Breakspear
returned to Rome to find that Eugenius III had died and was succeeded by
Anastasius IV, a man of 90. Within the year Anastasius IV was dead and Nicholas
Breakspear was unanimously elected Pope, taking the name Adrian IV.
1/8/1159, Saturday
(-286,989)
12/4/1159, Sunday (-287,100) Easter Sunday
1/1/1159, Thursday
(-287,201)
=================================================================================
11/11/1158, Tuesday (-287,252) Holy Roman Emperor Frederick I Barbarossa
declared himself ruler of northern Italy.
23/9/1158, Monday (-287,302) Geoffrey, Duke of Brittany, was born (died
19/8/1186)
1/8/1158, Friday (-287,354)
20/4/1158, Sunday (-287,457)
Easter Sunday.
1/1/1158, Wednesday
(-287,566)
=================================================================================
8/9/1157. Sunday
(-287,681) King Richard I
was born in Oxford, third son of Henry II and Eleanor of Aquitaine, and later
known as Richard the Lionheart.
Although he reigned for nearly ten years he was only in England twice, for a
total of 160 days. He was mostly away on crusades.
1/8/1157, Thursday
(-287,719)
31/3/1157, Sunday (-287,842)
Easter Sunday.
1/1/1157, Tuesday
(-287,931)
=================================================================================
17/9/1156, Monday
(-288,037) Holy Roman Emperor Frederick I Barbarossa confirmed Austria as a
Duchy by the Priveligium Miuns Decree.
1/8/1156, Wednesday
(-288,084)
15/4/1156, Sunday (-288,192) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1156, Sunday
(-288,297)
================================================================================
1/8/1155, Monday (-288,450)
18/6/1155, Saturday (-288,494) Rioting in Rome as English
born Pope Adrian crowned Frederick Barbarossa as Holy Roman Emperor; 1,000
died.
27/3/1155, Sunday (-288,577) Easter Sunday.
28/2/1155, Monday (-288,604) Henry, son of Henry II, was
born.
1/1/1155, Saturday
(-288,662)
==================================================================================
19/12/1154. Sunday (-288,675) Henry II became King of England, on the death of Stephen on
24/10/1154.
4/12/1154. Saturday (-288,690) Election of Pope Adrian
IV,� (169th Pope). Adrian IV was Nicholas
Breakespear, the only ever English Pope. This followed the death of Pope
Anastasius IV (168th Pope) on 3/12/1154, who was Pope from 9/7/1153. He was a strict
disciplinarian, which led to attempts to defame his character: he had to appear
before Pope Eugene III to clear his character. Adrian IV settled a dispute with
Emperor Frederick I over the See of Magdeburg, and he granted the Lordship of
Ireland to King Henry II of England.
24/10/1154. Sunday (-288,731) King Stephen of England died
at Dover.
1/8/1154, Sunday
(-288,815)
4/4/1154, Sunday
(-288,934) Easter Sunday,
26/2/1154. Monday (-288,968) King Roger II of Sicily died and was succeeded by his son William the
Bald.
1/1/1154, Friday
(-289,027)
=================================================================================
1/8/1153, Saturday
(-289,180)
8/7/1153, Wednesday
(-289,204) Pope Eugene III (167th Pope) died.
24/5/1153, Sunday
(-289,249) David I, King of Scotland 1124-53, died.
19/4/1153, Sunday (-289,284) Easter Sunday.
23/3/1153, Monday (-289,311) The Treaty of Konstanz was signed between
Frederick I Barbarossa, Holy Roman Emperor, and Pope Eugene III.
1/1/1153, Thursday
(-289,392)
=================================================================================
1/8/1152, Friday (-289,545)
30/3/1152, Sunday (-289,669)
Easter Sunday.
9/3/1152, Sunday
(-289,690) Frederick Duke of Swabia was crowned at Aix la Chappelle as Holy
Roman Emperor, Frederick Barbarossa, to succeed Conrad III.
4/3/1152, Tuesday
(-289,695) Frederick I Barbarossa was elected Holy Roman Emperor.
15/2/1152, Friday
(-289,713) Conrad III, Holy Roman Emperor, died at Bamberg (see 7/3/1138).
1/1/1152, Tuesday
(-289,758) week
41,394
=================================================================================
7/9/1151, Friday (-289,874)
Geoffrey, Duke of Brittany, died (born 24/8/1113).
1/8/1151, Wednesday
(-289,911)
8/4/1151, Sunday
(-290,026) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1151, Monday
(-290,123)
===============================================================================
1/8/1150, Tuesday
(-290,276) week 41,468
16/4/1150, Sunday (-290,383) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1150, Sunday
(-290,488)
================================================================================
1/8/1149, Monday (-290,641)
3/4/1149, Sunday
(-290,761) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1149, Saturday
(-290,853)
================================================================================
25/12/1148, Saturday
(-290,860)
2/11/1148, Tuesday
(-290,913) Saint Malachy, Church reformer, died.
1/8/1148, Sunday
(-291,006)
28/7/1148, Wednesday
(-291,010) (Christian) The Crusaders failed
to capture Damascus. The troops of Louis II of France and Conrad III of Germany
suffered considerable losses at the hands of the Turks on the way to the Holy
Land, even before they arrived to join with Baldwin III of Jerusalem. They
arrived at Damascus on 23/7/1148 and occupied the large orchards and fields
west of Damascus, suffering further losses at the hands of the skilled
Damascene archers. Failing to take Damascus from this angle, on 27/7/1148 they
moved to the more open ground east of Damascus. The army leaders then began to
argue over the best plan of attack, and who should rule Damascus once captured;
news also broke of a large Muslim army now in Homs under the command of skilled
General Nur-ad-Din. Local Christian lords deserted, taking their men away, and
on 28/7/1144 Louis, Conrad and Baldwin began their own retreat back to
Jerusalem, having accomplished nothing.
11/4/1148, Sunday (-291,118) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1148, Thursday
(-291,219)
==================================================================================
25/12/1147, Thursday
(-291,226)
25/11/1147, Tuesday
(-291,256)
28/10/1147. Tuesday
(-291,284) The Moslems in Lisbon
surrendered peacefully to an allied Christian force under Portugal�s
Alfonso Henriques. The Moslem inhabitants were allowed to depart peacefully.
25/10/1147, Saturday
(-291,287) Battle of Dorylaeum, the Seljuq Turks defeated German Crusaders
under Conrad III.
7/10/1147, Wednesday
(-291,304) Almeria, one of the most important maritime and commercial
centres of al-Andalus, fell into Christian hands after two months of siege.
1/8/1148, Friday
(-291,372)
20/4/1147, Sunday (-291,475)
Easter Sunday.
1/1/1147, Wednesday
(-291,584)
=================================================================================
1/8/1146, Thursday (-291,737)
31/3/1146, Sunday (-291,860)
Easter Sunday.
1/1/1146, Tuesday
(-291,949) week
41,707
================================================================================
1/8/1145, Wednesday
(-291,102)
15/4/1145, Sunday (-292,210) Easter Sunday.
15/2/1145, Thursday (-292,269) Pope Eugene III (167th Pope) acceded
(died 8/7/1153)
1/2/1145, Thursday (-292,283)
1/1/1145, Monday
(-292,314)
===============================================================================
24/12/1144, Sunday (-292,322) The city of Edessa fell to the Muslims,
sparking the Second Crusade. Zengi had been informed that Count Joscelin of
Edessa had argued with Prince Raymond of Antioch, and had then taken most of
his army to Diyarbakir to interfere in a local dispute there. Therefore Zengi
moved to capture Edessa at this time. Arriving on 28/11/1144, Zengi began
undermining the city walls and battering them with trebuchets. Queen Melisende
of Jerusalem sent a relief force, but Prince Raymond of Antioch refused to
help. On 24/12/1144 a section of Edessa�s walls fell. Zengi separated local
Christians from the foreign ones, then executed the latter. Edessa�s citadel
held out until 26/12/1144, surrendering on condition that their lives would be
spared, just before Joscelin and Melisende�s troops arrived. These relief
troops did hold onto lands west of the Euphrates River. When Pope Eugene III
heard of the fall of Edessa, he called for the Second Crusade to begin.
1/8/1144, Tuesday (-292,467) week 41,781
26/3/1144, Sunday (-282,595) Easter Sunday.
12/3/1144, Sunday (-292,609) Pope
Lucius II acceded.
1/2/1144, Tuesday (-292,649)
1/1/1144, Saturday
(-292,680)
================================================================================
24/12/1143, Friday (-292,688)
22/10/1143, Friday (-292,751)
24/9/1143, Friday
(-292,779) Pope Innocent II died.
1/8/1143, Sunday
(-292,833)
8/4/1143, Thursday
(-292,948) John II, Byzantine Emperor, was killed accidentally.
4/4/1143, Sunday
(-292,952) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1143, Friday
(-293,045)
=================================================================================
1/8/1142, Saturday
(-293,198)
21/4/1142, Tuesday
(-293,300) (France) French scholar Peter Abelard died at
Chalon sur Saone.
19/4/1142, Sunday (-293,302) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1142, Thursday
(-293,410)
==================================================================================
23/12/1141, Tuesday (-293,419)
1/11/1141, Saturday (-293,
471) Following the death of King Henry I, Matilda his daughter and her
cousin Stephen of Blois were fighting a civil war for the English throne. Rival
barons robbed and burned villages and abbeys.
14/9/1141, Sunday (-293,519) (Britain) The Battle of Winchester; King
Stephen�s release was secured.
12/9/1141, Friday (-293,521)
1/8/1141, Friday (-293,563) (Britain) The
siege of Winchester began.
30/3/1141, Sunday (-293,687)
Easter Sunday.
20/2/1141, Thursday (-293,725) (Britain) At the Battle of Lincoln, King Stephen was captured.
He had been besieging Lincoln Castle, and was taken by forces under Earl Robert
of Gloucester and Earl Ranulf of Chester. This left Matilda as de-facto ruler
of England.
1/1/1141, Wednesday (-293,775)
==================================================================================
1/8/1140, Thursday (-293,928)
3/6/1140, Monday (-293,987)
French scholar Peter Abelard was found guilty of heresy.
7/4/1140, Sunday
(-294,044) Easter Sunday.
6/2/1140, Tuesday
(-294,105) Thurstan, Archbishop of York, died.
1/1/1140, Monday
(-294,141)
==============================================================================
1/8/1139, Tuesday
(-294,294) week 42,042
25/7/1139, Tuesday
(-294,301) (Portugal) King Afonso Henriques I
(1110-85) of Portugal defeated the Muslims at Ourique. Portugal. Afonso Henriques attacked
the Muslims, defeating a larger army than his own, but one weakened by internal
divisions. This gained him the support of the Pope. Afonso was now proclaimed
the first King of Portugal.
23/4/1139, Sunday
(-294,394) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1139, Sunday
(-294,506)
================================================================================
25/12/1138, Sunday
(-294,513)
11/10/1138, Friday
(-294,557) An earthquake in Aleppo, Syria, killed about 230,000 people.
22/8/1138, Monday (-294,638)
At the Battle of The Standard, a Scottish Highland and Pict army under King
David was defeated near Northallerton by English from Yorkshire and the east
Midlands.
1/8/1138, Monday
(-294,659)
3/4/1138, Sunday
(-294,779) Easter Sunday.
7/3/1138, Monday (-294,806)
Conrad III (1093-1152) was again chosen as Holy Roman Emperor (see 18/12/1127).
He was crowned at Aix-la-Chapelle on 13/3/1138, but was still opposed by Henry
the Proud, the powerful Duke of Bavaria and Saxony. Henry the Proud died in
10/1139, but Conrad still faced opposition from Henry�s brother, Welf. Peace
was finally arranged at Frankfort in 5/1142, with Henry the Lion (son of Henry
the Proud) installed as Duke of Saxony, whilst Bavaria was given to Conrad�s
stepbrother, Henry Jasomirgott, Margrave of Austria, who married Gertrude,
widow of Henry the Proud.
1/1/1138, Saturday
(-294,871)
=================================================================================
25/12/1137, Saturday
(-294,878)
4/12/1137, Saturday (-294,899) Holy
Roman Emperor Lothair II died aged 67.
1/8/1137, Sunday
(-295,024) Louis VI, King of France, died, aged 56. He was succeeded by his
16-year old son, Louis VII.
11/4/1137, Sunday (-295,136) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1137, Friday
(-295,236)
===============================================================================
1/8/1136, Saturday
(-295,389)
22/3/1136, Sunday (-)
Easter Sunday.
1/1/1136, Wednesday
(-295,602)
===============================================================================
25/12/1135, Wednesday
(-295,609)
22/12/1135, Sunday
(-295,612) The coronation of King Stephen took place.
1/12/1135. Sunday
(-295,633) King Henry I died,
aged 66, apparently of a surfeit of lampreys, near Rouen. See 1/11/1141.� His nephew Stephen succeeded him. Henry�s
only son, Robert, had drowned in 1120 and Henry I wanted his daughter Maud to
succeed him; the barons considered it unfitting for a woman to be monarch and
backed the claim of Stephen, Henry�s nephew.
1/8/1135, Thursday
(-295,755)
7/4/1135, Sunday
(-295,871) Easter Sunday.
30/3/1135, Saturday (-295,879) (Jewish) The
great Jewish teacher Moses ben Maimon (Maimonedes) was born in Cordoba. See
13/12/1204.
1/1/1135, Tuesday (-295,967)
week
42,281
==================================================================================
1/8/1134, Wednesday (-296,120)
15/4/1134, Sunday (-296,228) Easter Sunday
30/3/1134, Friday (-296,244)
1/1/1134, Monday (-296,332)
==================================================================================
24/8/1133, Thursday
(-296,462) In London, the first Bartholomew�s Day Fair was held. It was
held annually thereafter until 1855.
1/8/1133, Tuesday
(-296,485) week 42,385
26/3/1133, Sunday (-297,613) Easter Sunday.
5/3/1133, Saturday (-297,634) Henry II, first Plantagenet King of England, was born near Le
Mans, eldest son of Geoffrey Count of Anjou and Matilda, daughter of Henry I.
1/1/1133, Sunday
(296,697)
================================================================================
1/8/1132, Monday
(-296,850)
10/4/1132, Sunday (-209,963) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1132, Friday
(-297,063)
================================================================================
25/12/1131, Friday (-297,070)
4/12/1131, Friday (-297,091) (Iran) Omar Khayyan, Persian poet and
mathematician, born 5/15/1048, died at Nishapur.
1/8/1131, Saturday (-297,216)
9/5/1131, Saturday
(-297,300) �(Christian) Tintern Abbey was
founded.
19/4/1131, Sunday (-297,320) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1131, Thursday
(-297,428)
===============================================================================
25/12/1130. Thursday (-297,435) Norman
King Roger II was crowned King
of Sicily in Palermo Cathedral by the anti-Pope Anacletus, who thereby gained a
powerful supporter for his claim on the Papacy against the Pope Innocent II.
1/8/1130, Friday
(-297,581)
30/3/1130, Sunday (-297,705) Easter Sunday.
14/2/1130, Friday (-297,749) Pope Honorius II died.
1/1/1130, Wednesday
(-297,793)
=================================================================================
1/8/1129, Thursday
(-297,946)
14/4/1129, Sunday (-298,055) Easter Sunday
1/1/1129, Tuesday
(-298,158) week 42,594
==================================================================================
1/8/1128, Wednesday (-298,311)
22/4/1128, Sunday
(-298,412) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1128, Sunday
(-298,524)
=================================================================================
18/12/1127, Sunday (-298,538)
Conrad III (1093-1152) was chosen as Holy Roman Emperor, in opposition to
Lothair. He hastily crossed the Alps to be crowned King of Italy at Monza,
6/1128. Whilst being acknowledged as King in northern Italy he was rejected as
King by both rival Popes, Innocent II and Anacletus II. He failed to
consolidate his holdings in Italy, and returned to Germany in 1132, where he
fought with Lothair until 10/1135. He then submitted to Lothair, was pardoned,
and recovered his estates, When Lothair died in 12/1137, Conrad III was again
chosen as Emperor on 7/3/1138.
1/8/1127, Monday
(-298,677)
19/4/1127, Tuesday
(-298,781) (Christian) Felix of Valois, founder of the
monastic order of Trinitarians (Redemptionists) was born (died 4/11/1212).
3/4/1127, Sunday
(-298,797) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1127, Saturday
(-298,889)
===================================================================================
1/8/1126, Sunday
(-299,042)
11/4/1126, Sunday (-299,154) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1126, Friday
(-299,254)
====================================================================================
1/11/1125, Sunday (-299,315)
4/10/1125, Sunday
(-299,343) (Egypt)
Fatik al Bataihi was seized and imprisoned on the orders of Caliph Amir, who
now became ruler of Egypt. Fatik Al Bataihi had also suffered defeats by the
Franks, losing Tyre to them, and losing his fleet to the Venetians.
1/8/1125, Saturday
(-299,407)
23/5/1125, Saturday (-299,477) Holy Roman Emperor Henry V
died at Utrecht. He was succeeded by the 55-yerar-old Lothair, who was crowned
at Aix-la-Chapelle on 13/9/1125.
29/4/1125, Wednesday
(-299,501)
29/3/1125, Sunday (-299,532) Easter Sunday.
1/3/1125, Sunday (-299,560)
1/2/1125, Sunday (-299,588)
1/1/1125, Thursday
(-299,619)
====================================================================================
25/12/1124, Thursday (-299,626)
15/12/1124, Monday (-299,636) Pope Honorius II, (163rd Pope), acceded.
27/11/1124. Thursday
(-299,654) Death of King Alexander I of Scotland.. He was born in ca.1078. He founded many abbeys and bishoprics,
among them Incholm and Scone.
1/8/1124, Friday
(-299,772)
7/7/1124, Monday (-299,797) Tyre fell to the Crusaders.
6/4/1124, Sunday (-299,889) Easter Sunday.
2/3/1124, Sunday (-299,924)
Charles The Good, Count of Flanders, was murdered.
1/1/1124, Tuesday
(-299,985) week 42,855
====================================================================================
1/8/1123, Wednesday (-300,138)
5/6/1123. Tuesday (-300,195)
St Bartholomew Hospital, London, was founded.
15/4/1123, Sunday (-300,246) Easter Sunday
18/3/1123, Sunday
(-300,274) The First Lateran Council began.
1/1/1123, Monday
(-300,350)
==================================================================================
23/9/1122. Saturday (-300,450) The Diet of Worms. A council was held
at the German town of Worms, to settle a dispute between Church and State that
went back to 1076, when Pope Gregory VII excommunicated King Henry IV of
Germany, seeking to impose papal power over the king. Both Henry IV and his
son, the present King Henry V set up anti-Popes and forced the Pope to flee to
refuge in a monastery. Pope Calixtus� II
and King Henry V agreed at this Diet that the King would not force the election
of Bishops but allow their free election by the Church; in return the King will
be present at the election of Bishops and have some influence over disputes
within the church.
1/8/1122, Tuesday
(-300,503) week 42,929
26/3/1122, Sunday (-300,631) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1122, Sunday
(-300,715)
==================================================================================
1/8/1121, Monday (-300,868)
10/4/1121, Sunday (-300,981) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1121, Saturday
(-301,080)
===================================================================================
25/12/1120, Saturday (-301,087)
25/11/1120, Thursday
(-301,117) William Aethelney, son and heir of the English King Henry I,
drowned when his ship hit rocks whilst sailing from Normandy to England.
1/8/1120, Sunday
(-301,233)
18/4/1120, Sunday (-301,338) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1120, Thursday
(-301,446)
====================================================================================
19/9/1119, Friday
(-301,550) Severe earthquake in Gloucestershire & Warwickshire,
England.
1/8/1119, Friday
(-301,599)
30/3/1119, Sunday (-301,723) Easter Sunday.
29/1/1119, Wednesday (-301,783) End of reign of Pope Gelasius II (161st
Pope)
1/1/1119, Wednesday
(-301,811)
=================================================================================
25/12/1118, Wednesday (-301,818)
21/12/1118, Saturday (-301,822) Thomas Beckett was born in Cheapside,
London.
11/12/1118. Wednesday
(-301,832) The Christians captured
Saragossa, Spain, from the Muslims.
1/8/1118, Thursday
(-301,964)
14/4/1118, Sunday (-302,073) Easter Sunday
24/1/1118, Thursday (-302,153) Pope Gelasius II (161st Pope) acceded.
1/1/1118, Tuesday
(-302,176) week 43,168
==================================================================================
1/8/1117, Wednesday (-302,329)
25/3/1117, Sunday (-302,458) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1117, Monday
(-302,541)
=================================================================================
1/8/1116, Tuesday (-302,694) week 43,242
2/4/1116, Sunday
(-302,815) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1116, Saturday
(-302,907)
=================================================================================
1/8/1115, Sunday
(-303,060)
18/4/1115, Sunday (-303,165)
Easter Sunday.
1/1/1115, Friday
(303,272)
==================================================================================
1/8/1114, Saturday
(-303,425)
29/3/1114, Sunday (-303,550) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1114, Thursday
(-303,637)
=================================================================================
24/8/1113, Sunday (-303,767) Geoffrey, Duke of Brittany, was born (died
7/9/1151).
1/8/1113, Friday (-303,790)
6/4/1113, Sunday
(-303,907) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1113, Wednesday
(-304,002)
=================================================================================
1/8/1112, Thursday
(-403,155)
21/4/1112, Sunday (-304,257)
Easter Sunday.
1/1/1112, Monday (-304,368)
=================================================================================
1/8/1111, Tuesday (-304,521) week 43,503
2/4/1111, Sunday
(-304,642) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1111, Sunday
(-304,733)
==================================================================================
25/12/1110, Sunday
(-304,740)
4/12/1110, Sunday
(-304,761) First Crusade, the Crusaders conquered Sidon.
1/8/1110, Monday
(-304,886)
10/4/1110, Sunday (-304,999) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1110, Saturday
(-305,098)
==================================================================================
1/8/1109, Sunday (-305,251)
25/4/1109, Sunday
(-305,349) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1109, Friday
(-305,463)
===================================================================================
1/8/1108, Saturday (-305,616)
5/4/1108, Sunday
(-305,734) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1108, Wednesday
(-305,829)
===================================================================================
1/8/1107, Thursday
(-305,982)
14/4/1107, Sunday (-306,091) Easter Sunday
8/1/1107, Tuesday
(-306,187) King Edgar of Scotland
died and was succeeded by his brother Alexander I.
1/1/1107, Tuesday
(-306,194) week
43,742
====================================================================================
28/9/1106. Friday (-306,289) (Britain, France) King
Henry of England defeated his brother Robert at the Battle of Tinchebrai in
France and reunited England and
Normandy, divided since William the Conqueror died, see 5/8/1100 and 9/9/1087.
7/9/1106, Friday
(-306,310)
7/8/1106, Tuesday
(-306,341) Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor, died (born 11/11/1050)
1/8/1106, Wednesday
(-306,347)
29/7/1106, Sunday
(-306,350)
27/5/1106, Sunday
(-306,413)
25/3/1106, Sunday (-306,476) Easter Sunday.
1/3/1106, Thursday (-306,500)
1/2/1106, Thursday (-306,528)
1/1/1106, Monday
(-306,559)
===================================================================================
1/8/1105, Tuesday (-306,712) week 43,816
9/4/1105, Sunday (-306,826) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1105, Sunday
(-306,924)
===================================================================================
1/8/1104, Monday (-307,077)
7/5/1104, Saturday
(-307,163) (Christian) Battle of Harran. The
Crusaders were about to lay siege to Harran to distract the Seljuk forces of
Sokman of Mardin and Jikirmish of Mosul, who were themselves besieging Edessa.
At this point the forces of Sokman and Jikirmish appeared, and drew the
Crusaders under Count Baldwin and Prince Bohemond of Antioch. Jikirmish�s
cavalry charged and inflicted heavy casualties; Baldwin was taken prisoner. He
was freed after paying a ransom, in 1108 and later became King of Jerusalem.
1/1/1104, Friday
(-307,290)
===============================================================================
1/8/1103, Saturday
(-307,443)
29/3/1103, Sunday (-307,568) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1103, Thursday (-307,655)
================================================================================
1/8/1102, Friday (-307,808)
6/4/1102, Sunday
(-307,925) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1102, Wednesday
(-307,020)
================================================================================
1/8/1101, Thursday
(-308,173)
22/6/1101, Saturday
(-308,213) Norman Roger I Guiscard, King of Sicily, died aged 70. He was
succeeded by his 8 year old son, who rules as Roger 11 from 1112.
21/4/1101, Sunday (-308,275)
Easter Sunday.
1/1/1101, Tuesday (-308,385)
===================================================================================
25/12/1100, Tuesday (-308,392) Baldwin was crowned King of the Latin
Kingdom of Jerusalem by Dagobert.
5/8/1100, Sunday
(-308,534) Henry I, youngest son of William the Conqueror aged 31, was
crowned in Westminster Abbey. The rightful heir, older brother Robert, was away
on the First Crusade and not expected to return until 1101. Henry I was
expected to buy him off with territories in Normandy, see 28/9/1101.
2/8/1100. Thursday (-308,537) William
Rufus, (William II), king of England after William the Conqueror, (see 9/9/1087)
was killed in the New Forest by an arrow in a hunting accident; he was
allegedly mistaken for a deer. His brother, Henry, who became Henry I, was
crowned on 5/8/1100, succeeded him.
Aged 32, he now ruled for 35 years.
18/7/1100, Wednesday
(-308,552) Godfrey de Bouillon, first Crusader king of Jerusalem, died.
1/4/1100, Sunday
(-308,660) Easter Sunday
1/1/1100. Sunday
(-308,751)
===================================================================================
12/8/1099, Friday
(-308,893) Battle of Ascalon. Fatimid attack on the Crusaders was defeated
by Godfrey.
1/8/1099, Monday
(-308,904)
29/7/1099, Wednesday (-308,937) Pope
Urban II died in Rome.
15/7/1099. Wednesday (-308,951) Jerusalem fell to the Crusaders, (see 27/11/1095). 40,000 people,
both Jews and Muslims, were slaughtered in two days, an event European
scholar-monks acclaimed as �the greatest event since the Crucifixion�. On
12/8/1099 the Crusaders defeated
Al-Afdal, the Fatimid Vizier of Egypt, at Ascalon. He was bringing an army to
recapture Jerusalem, which the Egyptians had earlier lost to the Turks. Godfrey
of Bouillon was elected King, and established the Kingdom of Jerusalem.
12/6/1099, Sunday
(-308,954)
7/6/1099, Tuesday
(-308,959) The Crusaders arrived at Jerusalem.
10/4/1099, Sunday (-309,017) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1099, Saturday
(-309,116)
=================================================================================
1/8/1098, Sunday
(-309,269) Adhemar de Monteil, Crusader, Bishop of Puy en Velay from 1077,
died during the plague in Antioch.
28/6/1098, Monday
(-309,331) Battle of Orontes. Supposed discovery within Antioch of the
�Holy Lance� � the weapon used to pierce Jesus�s side at his death. Despite
doubts even amongst some Crusaders, they collectively believed that with possession
of this lance they were invincible, and they sallied out to attack the Muslims.
However with determination they prevailed over the Turks, who fled the battle.
5/6/1098, Saturday
(-309,354) Emir Kerboga�s forces now arrived at Antioch and besieged the
Crusaders there.
3/6/1098, Thursday
(-309,356) The Crusaders took Antioch.
30/5/1098, Sunday
(-309,360)
28/3/1098, Sunday (-309,423)
Easter Sunday.
21/3/1098, Sunday
(-309,430) C�teaux Abbey was founded by the Cistercian Order.
9/2/1098, Tuesday
(-309,442) A second Syrian attempt to relieve Antioch was also driven off
by the Crusaders.
1/1/1098, Friday
(-309,481)
================================================================================
31/12/1097, Thursday
(-309,482) A Syrian army attempting to relieve the Crusader siege of
Amtioch was driven off.
25/12/1097, Friday
(-309,488)
21/10/1097, Wednesday
(-309,553) The Crusaders arrived at Antioch.
1/8/1097, Saturday
(-309,634)
1/7/1097, Wednesday
(-309,665) Battle of Dorylaeum. Bohemund�s forces were losing to a Turkish
attack when Godfrey and Raymond�s forces attacked the rear of the Turks, turning
the result into a Crusader victory.
24/6/1097, Wednesday (-309,672)
The Crusaders took Nicea.
5/4/1097, Sunday
(-309,752) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1097, Thursday
(-309,846)
================================================================================
23/12/1096, Tuesday (-309,855) Crusader leader Godfrey of Bouillon,
along with his brother� Baldwin, arrived
in Constantinople.
15/8/1096, Friday
(-309,985) The forces of the First
Crusade departed from Europe, to rendezvous at Constantinople.
1/8/1096, Friday
(-309,999)
13/4/1096, Sunday (-310,109) Easter Sunday
1/1/1096, Tuesday
(-310,212) week 44,316
==================================================================================
25/12/1095, Tuesday (-310,219)
27/11/1095. Tuesday (-310,247) Pope Urban II called for a Crusade to the Holy Land. He talked of
how, due to Turkish misrule, it was no longer safe for Christian pilgrims to
visit the holy sites of Jerusalem. The Crusaders
defeated the Turks at Dorylaeum
on 30/6 1097, opening the way to Jerusalem. Jerusalem fell to the Crusaders on 15/7/1099.
19/11/1095, Monday
(-310,255) The Council of Clermont began. The council was called by Pope
Urban II to discuss sending the First Crusade to the Holy Land.
1/8/1095, Wednesday
(-310,365)
29/7/1095, Sunday
(-310,368) (Hungary)
King Ladislas I of Hungary, having conquered Dalmatia and Croatia, introduced
Catholicism, and founded the Bishopric of Zagreb (Agram), died suddenly this
day aged 55 just as he was about to join the upcoming Crusade. Ladislas was
succeeded by his nephew Coloman, son of his late brother Geza; he ruled until
1116.
25/3/1095, Sunday (-310,494) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1095, Monday
(-310,577)
=================================================================================
25/12/1094, Monday (-310,584)
30/11/1094, Thursday (-310,609)
12/11/1094, Sunday (-310,627) Duncan II, son of Malcolm III Canmore and
his first wife Ingibiorg, were murdered by his uncle Donald III Ban. In 1072
Duncan II had been sent as hostage to the court of William I The Conqueror,
where he remained until his father�s death in 1093. Then, with the help of an
army supplied by William II Rufus, he defeated Donald III in May 1094. However
Duncan II was loathed in Scotland for being too pro-Norman/English and so he
was assassinated.
8/10/1094, Sunday
(-310,662) St Marks Basilica in Venice was consecrated.
1/8/1094, Tuesday
(-310,730) week 44,390
17/6/1094. Saturday (-310,775) (Spain) Valencia, Spain, was captured by the
Christians under El Cid from the Arabs; the city surrendered due to
starvation after a 20 month siege. His kingdom now extended over nearly all of
Valencia and Murcia.
11/6/1094, Sunday
(-310,781)
9/4/1094, Sunday (-310,844) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1094, Sunday
(-310,942)
===================================================================================
25/12/1093, Sunday (-310,949)
13/11/1093, Sunday
(-310,991) (Scotland) Malcolm III MacDuncan, King of
Scotland, and his eldest son Edward, were killed at a place now called
Malcolm�s Cross. Malcolm had been besieging Alnwick. His wife Margaret died 4
days later. He was succeeded by his brother Donald Bane, who ruled until 1097.
11/8/1093, Thursday
(-311,085) Construction of Durham Cathedral in England began.
1/8/1093, Monday
(-311,095)
12/7/1093, Tuesday
(-311,115)
10/5/1093, Tuesday
(-311,178)
17/4/1093, Sunday (-311,201) Easter Sunday.
1/2/1093, Tuesday (-311,276)
1/1/1093, Saturday
(-311,307)
===================================================================================
25/12/1092, Saturday (-311,314)
1/8/1092, Sunday (-311,460)
12/7/1092, Monday (-311,480)
10/5/1092, Monday (-311,543)
6/5/1092, Thursday (-311,547)
Lincoln Cathedral was consecrated (begun 1075).
6/4/1092, Tuesday
(-311,577)
31/3/1092, Wednesday
(-311,583)
28/3/1092, Sunday
(-311,586) Easter Sunday
1/2/1092, Sunday
(-311,642)
1/1/1092, Thursday
(-311,673)
=================================================================================
25/12/1091, Thursday (-311,680)
23/10/1091, Thursday
(-311,743) A severe storm in London destroyed London Bridge along with St
Mary le Bow church. 600 houses were damaged, also the Tower of London.
1/8/1091, Friday
(-311,826)
13/4/1091, Sunday (-311,936) Easter Sunday
1/1/1091, Wednesday
(-312,038)
=================================================================================
1/8/1090, Thursday (-312,191)
21/4/1090, Sunday (-312,293)
Easter Sunday.
1/1/1090, Tuesday (-312,403) week 44,629
==================================================================================
11/8/1089, Saturday
(-312,546) A powerful earthquake was recorded in Britain.
1/8/1089, Wednesday
(-312,556)
1/1/1089, Monday
(-312,768)
===============================================================================
1/8/1088, Tuesday (-312,921)
16/4/1088, Sunday (-313,028) Easter Sunday.
16/4/1088, Sunday (-313,028) Easter Sunday
12/3/1088, Sunday (-313,063)
Odo was elected Pope; he took the name Urban II.
1/1/1088, Saturday
(-313,134)
================================================================================
25/12/1087, Saturday (-313,141)
15/11/1087. Monday
(-313,181) Domesday Book
completed.
15/10/1087, Friday (-313,212)
26/9/1087, Sunday
(-313,231) The coronation of King William II of England.
16/9/1087, Thursday
(-313,241) Pope Victor III died.
13/9/1087, Monday
(-313,244) John II Komnenos, Byzantine Emperor, was born.
9/9/1087. Thursday
(-313,248) (Britain, France)
William the Conqueror died, aged
60, in Rouen, France, from injuries sustained when his horse stumbled. He had
ridden out to see the ruins of the town of Mantes, having sacked and burnt it
in retaliation for French raids on his territory, but the horse stepped on hot
ashes and jolted. He was succeeded in Normandy by Robert Curthose and in
England by William Rufus, William II, who was crowned on 26/9/1087. See
2/8/1100, and 28/9/1106.
1/8/1087, Sunday
(-313,287)
28/3/1087, Sunday� (-313,413) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1087, Friday
(-313,499)
==================================================================================
25/12/1086, Friday (-313,506)
23/10/1086, Friday (-313,569) (Spain) The Almoravids from North Africa invaded
Spain, defeating Alfonso�s army at Zallaqah this day.
1/8/1086, Saturday (-313,652)
5/4/1086, Sunday
(-313,770) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1086, Thursday
(-313,864)
=================================================================================
25/12/1085, Thursday (-313,871)
King William I of England ordered a complete survey of the wealth of the
kingdom, known as the Domesday Book.
23/10/1085, Thursday
(-313,934)
8/10/1085, Wednesday
(-313,949) The Cathedral of St Mark�s in Venice was consecrated.
1/8/1085, Friday
(-314,017)
15/7/1085, (Italy)
Norman Duke Robert Guiscard died, aged 60, of fever after regaining Corfu and
Cephalonia, which his son Bohemund had lost�
Duke Guiscard was succeeded by his 54-year old brother, Roger Guiscard,
who had conquered Sicily, and ruled until 1101.
25/5/1085, Sunday (-314,085) (1) Christian king, Alfonso VI of
Leon, captured Toledo (the old
Visigothic capital) from the Arabs.
(2) Pope Gregory VII died in exile. His
supporters elected Desiderius, Abbott of Monte Casino, as Pope Victor III,
refusing to accept the papacy of Clement III as being a puppet of King Henry IV
of Germany. When Victor III died the cardinals elected Urban II (1086-99) as
Pope, a candidate favoured by Gregory VII himself.
20/4/1085, Sunday (-314,120)
Easter Sunday.
1/1/1085, Wednesday
(-314,229)
==================================================================================
1/8/1084, Thursday (-314,382)
27/5/1084, Monday (-314,448) Pope Gregory VII was still
holding out against the army of Henry IV, a few hundred yards away from the
Basilica, in the Castel Sant Angelo (then known as the House of Cencius).
Gregory appealed for help from the Normans in Sicily. On this day the Normans
entered Rome and escorted Gregory VII to safety in Salerno. The Normans then
pillaged Rome and burnt it to the ground.
31/3/1084, Sunday (-314,505)
Easter Sunday.
24/3/1084, Sunday (-314, 512) Palm Sunday. Henry IV of
Germany, having captured Rome, installed Pope Clement III. In turn Clement III
crowned Henry IV as Emperor on Easter Sunday 1084.
1/1/1084, Monday
(-314,595)
==================================================================================
1/8/1083, Tuesday
(-314,748) week 44,964
9/4/1083, Sunday (-314,862) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1083, Sunday
(-314,960)
==================================================================================
1/8/1082, Monday (-315,113)
24/4/1082, Sunday
(-315,212) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1082, Saturday (-315,325)
===================================================================================
1/8/1081, Sunday
(-315,478)
4/4/1081, Sunday
(-315,597) Easter Sunday.
8/1/1081, Friday
(-315,683) Henry V, Holy Roman Emperor, was born (died 23/5/1125).
1/1/1081, Friday
(-315,690)
=================================================================================
25/12/1080, Friday
(-315,697)
15/10/1080, Thursday
(-315,768) Rudolf of Swabia was killed in battle, leaving Henry IV as
unchallenged ruler of Germany.
1/8/1080, Saturday
(-315,843)
25/6/1080, Thursday
(-315,880) Clement
III, antipope, acceded. He was antipope until 9/1100.
14/6/1080, Sunday
(-315,891)
12/4/1080, Sunday (-315,954) Easter Sunday
7/3/1080, Friday
(-315,991) King Henry IV of Germany was excommunicated a second time by
Pope Gregory VII, see 27/1/1080. In response Henry IV summoned an assembly of
bishops to Brixen and declared Pope Gregory VII deposed and appointed Wilbert,
Archbishop of Ravenna, in his place. However not everyone, even in Germany,
accepted the right of Henry IV to judge a Pope �appointed by God�.
27/1/1080, Monday
(-316,030) King Henry IV of Germany defeated Saxon rebels at Flarchheim.
Emboldened by this, he rejected the mediation efforts of Pope Gregory VII to
settle the rulership dispute between him and Rudolf of Swabia, see 25/10/1077
and 7/3/1080.
1/1/1080, Wednesday
(-316,056)
=================================================================================
1/8/1079, Thursday
(-316,209)
24/3/1079,� Sunday (-316,339) Easter
Sunday.
1/1/1079, Tuesday (-316,421) week 45,203
==================================================================================
1/8/1078, Wednesday (-316,574)
8/4/1078, Sunday
(-316,689) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1078, Monday
(-316,786)
===================================================================================
1/8/1077, Tuesday (-316,939)
week 45,277
16/4/1077, Sunday (-317,046) Easter Sunday.
25/1/1077, Wednesday
(-317,127) German King Henry IV, who was losing popular support because of
his excommunication by Pope Gregory VII, arrived at Canossa Castle, northern
Italy, to do penance in reconciliation. He knelt in the snow in a monk�s hair
shirt for three days before the Pope admitted him. �Going to Canossa� became a
saying for reluctant penance, especially in Germany. Henry IV had faced a
rebellion by Saxons, and had to reach Pope Gregory by a roundabout route via
Burgundy and Provence. Pope Gregory VII wanted, politically, to refuse
forgiveness, but as head of the Christian Church he had no choice but to
dispense it. The rebels, feeling betrayed by Gregory VII, rejected the kingship
of Henry IV anyway and elected Rudolf of Swabia in his place. Germany faced
effective civil war. Pope Gregory, to restore his influence over Germany, sent
a Papal Legate northwards in 1079 to settle who was the rightful ruler of
Germany, decreeing that if either Rudolf or Henry rejected the findings of this
legate they would be excommunicated. However see 27/1/1080.
1/1/1077, Sunday
(-317,151)
=================================================================================
1/8/1076, Monday
(-317,304)
27/3/1076, Sunday (-31`7,431) Easter Sunday.
24/2/1076, Wednesday (-317,463)
24/1/1076, Sunday
(-317,494) German King Henry IV called an assembly of German Bishops to
Worms to complain about the interference of�
Pope Gregory VII (Hildebrand) in the rulership of Milan. Earlier, a
revolutionary faction called the Pataria had usurped Henry IV�s control over
Milan, which included the right to appoint the Archbishop of Milan. Milan was
very strategically important to Henry IV as it controlled the Alpine passes
between Italy and Germany. Pope Gregory VII sided with the rebels against King
Henry IV and insisted that he, Gregory, had the right to appoint the Archbishop
(see 4/3/1075, Dictatus Papae). The
German Bishops signed a letter of protest from Henry IV calling for Hildebrand
�that false monk, who had forsaken the cloisters� (see 22/4/1073)� to resign as Pope and that Henry IV did not
recognise him as Pope. The message caused an uproar in Rome, in fact the
messenger was nearly killed, saved only by the intervention of Hildebrand
himself. Two days later Gregory VII (Hildebrand) excommunicated and nominally
deposed King Henry IV. See 25/1/1077.
1/1/1076, Friday
(-317,517)
==================================================================================
1/8/1075, Saturday
(-317,670)
5/4/1075, Sunday
(-317,788) Easter Sunday.
4/3/1075, Wednesday
(-317,820) Hildebrand issued the Dictatus Papae, 27 short propositions
setting out the powers of the Roman Catholic Church. These propositions, aimed
at curbing the Greek Church and the temporal power of European Kings, included,
(I) that the Roman Catholic Church
was founded by God alone, i.e. it was more than �just� apostolic (III), only the Pope can dismiss or
reinstate Bishops, (XII), the Pope
has the authority to depose Emperors,, (XVI),
That only the Pope had the authority to call Councils (the Greek Church
didn�t), (XIX), The Pope can be
judged by no-one except God himself, (XXII),
The Roman Church has never erred and is in fact infallible,
1/1/1075, Thursday
(-317,882)
=================================================================================
1/8/1074, Friday
(-318,035)
20/4/1074, Sunday (-318,138)
Easter Sunday.
9/3/1074, Wednesday (-318,149) Married priests were excommunicated by
Pope Gregory VII. He also decreed, at the Council of Rome, that all laymen who
received Communion from a married priest should be excommunicated.
Nevertheless, instances of married Catholic priests still occurred down into
the 12th and 13th centuries.
1/1/1074, Wednesday
(-318,247)
==================================================================================
1/8/1073, Thursday (-318,400)
22/4/1073, Monday (-318,501) Hildebrand was elected Pope
Gregory VII. His election was unusual, being accomplished by Roman clergy and
common people, rather than by Cardinals.
21/4/1073, Sunday
(-318,502) Death of Pope Alexander II.
31/3/1073, Sunday (-318,523)
Easter Sunday.
1/1/1073, Tuesday
(-318,612) week
45,516
===================================================================================
1/8/1072, Wednesday
(-318,765)
8/4/1072, Sunday
(-318,880) Easter Sunday.
22/2/1072, Wednesday
(-318,926) (Christian) Pietro Damiani, ecclesiastic, died.
He was opposed to simony, but reserved his main energies for attacking the
marriage of clergy.
10/1/1072, Tuesday
(-318,969) The Normans conquered Palermo, Sicily.
1/1/1072, Sunday
(-318,978)
=================================================================================
26/8/1071. Friday (0319,106) The
armies of the Byzantine leader Emperor Romanus Diogenes and the Turkish leader
Mohammed Ibn Da�ud clashed at Manzikert
(or, Malazagird), north of Lake Van. The Byzantines had entered Armenia with
the French and Normans, and some Turks from the Uzes tribe, and the Turkish
leader had to abandon a campaign in Syria and hurry north to meet this
invasion. The Turkish cavalry routed the enemy. Ibn Da�ud died on 24/11/1072.
1/8/1071, Monday
(-319,131)
24/4/1071, Sunday
(-319,230) Easter Sunday.
16/4/1071. Saturday (-319,238) Norman,
Robert Guiscard, took Bari after a three year siege. On 10/1/1072 Robert
Guiscard and his brother Roger took Palermo in Sicily.
1/1/1071, Saturday
(-319,343)
=================================================================================
1/8/1070, Sunday
(-319,496)
4/6/1070. Friday (-319,554) Roquefort
cheese was created in a cave near Roquefort, France.
4/4/1070, Sunday
(-319,615) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1070, Friday
(-319,708)
================================================================================
28/10/1069. Tuesday
(-319,774) Death of Abbad-al-Motadid, Arab ruler in Spain.
21/9/1069, Sunday
(-319,811) The Norman castle of York was attacked and overran. The
defenders were all killed, except for two castellans and their families, who
were held for ransom. William, who had been hunting in the Forest of Dean,
hurried north yet again. Delayed by heavy rain, he eventually arrived in York
to find it a deserted smouldering ruin. The local rebels had withdrawn, and the
Danes returned to their ships on the Humber, unreachable by William�s soldiers.
William now took decisive action. Having paid off the Danes to go away, he
killed and burned large parts of the population and its villages in the north
of England, in what became known as the Harrying of the North, Large regions of
Lancashire, Yorkshire, Cheshire and Staffordshire were devastated. Thousands
were made homeless or starved.
19/9/1069, Friday
(-319,813) The Norman garrison at York faced further rebellions by
supporters of Edgar Aetheling, assisted by Danish ships under Asbjorn, brother
of King Sweyn II of Denmark. This day the York defenders attempted to improve their
defences by clearing the ground in front of the castle, but succeeded in
starting a fire that badly damaged the city and destroyed St Peter�s Cathedral.
1/8/1069, Saturday
(-319,861)
12/4/1069, Sunday (-319,972) Easter Sunday
1/1/1069, Thursday
(+320,073)
==============================================================================
1/8/1068, Friday (-320,226)
23/3/1068, Sunday (-320,357) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1068, Tuesday
(-320,439) week 45,777
=================================================================================
1/8/1067, Wednesday (-320,592)
8/4/1067, Sunday
(-320,707) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1067, Monday
(320,804)
===============================================================================
25/12/1066. Monday (-320,811) William the Conqueror was
crowned King of England, in Westminster
Abbey.
23/10/1066, Monday (-320,874)
14/10/1066 Saturday (-320,883) Battle of Hastings. William the Conqueror had
landed in England, at Pevensey Bay, seven miles from the Battle site, on
28/9/1066.
The English lost partly because they left their strong position on the crest of
a hill, and partly because they were exhausted by the Battle of Stamford Bridge
and the long march south. The Witan chose Edgar Atheling, grandson of Edmund
Ironside, as King. William circled London and approached from the north. At
Berkhamsted, Edgar and other Saxon nobles met William and offered him the
crown. King Edward the Confessor of England (1003-66, see 5/1/1066) had
promised the throne of England to King William of Normandy upon his death.
However in response to a Viking threat, Edward also promised the throne to the
Danish King Svein Estrithsson, and Harald Hadraada of Norway had also been
promised the English throne by an earlier King. The English nobility preferred
a native ruler, Harold of Wessex.
2/10/1066, Monday
(-320,895) News reached Harold of William�s landing at Hastings, and he
began marching south to confront him.
28/9/1066, Thursday
(-320,899) William the Conqueror landed at Hastings.
25/9/1066. Monday
(-320,902) King
Harold defeated the Norwegians under Tostig at the
Battle of Stamford Bridge, near York, unaware that William of
Normandy was about to invade the south coast. Tostig had begun an invasion of
Northumbria.
20/9/1066, Wednesday (-320,907) Harald
Hardraada of Norway and Earl Tostig defeated the northern English Earls Edwin
and Morcar. However the Norwegian forces were weakened so that they lost to
Harold II at Stamford Bridge (25/9/1066). In turn the northern English forces
were so weakened by these two battles that they could not fully assist Harold
at Hastings (14/10/1066).
1/8/1066, Tuesday
(-320,957) week 45,851
16/4/1066, Sunday (-321,064) Easter Sunday.
7/1/1066. Saturday
(-321,163) Harold was crowned King
of England in succession to Edward the Confessor. Ten months later he
died at the Battle of Hastings.
5/1/1066. Thursday
(-321,165) Death of Edward the Confessor, said to be
England�s most pious king.� Leaving no
heir, he recommended Harold as his successor. See 14/10/1066.
1/1/1066, Sunday
(-321,169)
===============================================================================
28/12/1065, Wednesday
(-321,173) Westminster Abbey was
consecrated.
1/8/1065, Monday
(-321,322)
1/7/1065, Friday
(-321,353)
24/6/1065, Friday
(-321,360) Ferdinand I, King of Castile and Leon, died.
27/3/1065, Sunday (-321,449) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1065, Saturday
(-321,534)
==============================================================================
1/8/1064, Sunday (-321,687)
11/4/1064, Sunday (-321,799) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1064, Thursday
(-321,900)
==============================================================================
1/8/1063, Friday (-322,053)
30/4/1063, Wednesday
(-332,146) Renzong, Emperor of
China, died.
20/4/1063, Sunday (-332,156)
Easter Sunday.
1/1/1063, Wednesday
(-322,265)
==============================================================================
1/8/1062, Thursday (-322,418)
31/3/1062, Sunday (-322,541)
Easter Sunday.
1/1/1062, Tuesday
(-322,630) week
46,090
================================================================================
1/8/1061, Wednesday
(-322,783)
15/4/1061, Sunday (-323,891) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1061, Monday
(-322,995)
==============================================================================
25/12/1060, Monday (-323,002)
14/11/1060, �Tuesday (-323,043) Geoffrey
Martel, Count of Anjou, died (born 14/10/1006)..
4/8/1060, Friday
(-323,145) Henry I, King of France, died after a 29-year reign, aged 52. He
was succeeded by his 8-year-old son who ruled as King Philip� I until 1108.
1/8/1060, Tuesday
(-323,148)
26/3/1060, Sunday (-) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1060, Saturday
(-323,361)
==================================================================================
23/8/1059, Monday
(-323,492) Pope Nicholas II (1058-61) met with Robert Guiscard, leader of
the Normans of southern Italy, at Melfi, and accepted Robert�s vassalship.
Robert pledged that if Pope Nicholas died before him, he would assist the
Cardinals in the election of a new Pope. In effect, Robert was pledging to
protect the Cardinals from political interference by the Roman nobility. In
return Pope Nicholas bestowed upon Robert the title of Duke of Calabria and
Apulia. This infuriated the (Byzantine) Roman Emperor, who claimed all of Italy
as part of his domain, and insisted that Nicholas could not give away lands he
had no title to.
1/8/1059, Sunday (-323,514)
4/4/1059, Sunday
(-323,633) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1059, Friday
(-323,726)
==================================================================================
1/8/1058, Saturday
(-323,879)
19/4/1058, Sunday (-323,983) Easter Sunday.
29/3/1058, Sunday (-324,004)
Pope Stephen X died.
17/3/1058, Tuesday (-324,016) Lulach,
King of Scots, died and was succeeded by Malcolm III, son of Duncan I.
1/1/1058, Thursday
(-324,091)
==================================================================================
15/8/1057. Friday
(-324,230) Scottish King Macbeth,
who killed King Duncan 1 in 1040, was killed in battle by Duncan�s son,
Malcolm.
1/8/1057, Friday
(-324,244)
30/3/1057, Sunday (-324,368) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1057, Wednesday
(-324,456)
===================================================================================
25/12/1056, Wednesday (-324,463)
5/10/1056, Saturday
(-324,544) Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor, died, aged 38. He was succeeded
as German king by his 5-year-old son, who reigned as Henry IV until 1106. His
mother Agnes acted as Regent until 1065.
1/8/1056, Thursday
(-324,609)
1/1/1056, Monday
(-324,822)
================================================================================
1/8/1055, Tuesday
(-324,975) week 46,425
16/4/1055, Sunday (-325,082)
Easter Sunday.
1/1/1055, Sunday
(-325,187)
=================================================================================
1/8/1054, Monday
(-325,340)
4/7/1054, Monday (-325,368) Chinese
astronomers recorded a supernova so bright it could be seen in daylight for 23
days and at night for almost 2 years.
19/4/1054, Tuesday
(-325,444) Pope Leo IX died.
3/4/1054, Sunday
(-325,460) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1054, Saturday
(-325,552)
=================================================================================
1/8/1053, Sunday
(-325,705)
18/6/1053, Friday
(-325,749) (Italy) Battle of Civitate, Italy.
The Normans established domination over southern Italy, defeating a Papal,
Byzantine and Swabian force.
14/4/1053, Wednesday
(-325,814) Godwin, Earl of Wessex, died.
11/4/1053, Sunday (-325,817) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1053, Friday
(-325,917)
==================================================================================
25/12/1052, Friday (-325,924)
4/10/1052, Sunday
(-326,006) Vladimir Yaroslavich, Prince of Novgorod, died.
1/8/1052, Saturday
(-326,070)
19/4/1052, Sunday (-326,174) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1052, Wednesday
(-326,283)
=================================================================================
1/8/1051, Thursday (-326,436)
31/3/1051, Sunday (-326,559) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1051, Tuesday
(-326,648) week 46,664
==================================================================================
1/12/1050, Saturday (-326,679)
11/11/1050, Sunday (-326,699) Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor, was born (died
7/8/1106)
1/8/1050, Wednesday (-326,801)
15/4/1050, Sunday (-326,909) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1050, Monday
(-327,013)
==================================================================================
1/10/1049, Sunday
(-327,105) Pope Leo IX (1048-54), noted for his attempts to eradicate
simony, arrived at Reims, France. In March 1049 he had begun a tour of the
Christian lands of Europe, to assert his authority over these regions. He left
Rome and travelled via Florence, Pavia and Cologne to Reims. Whilst still
Bishop of Toul, Pope Leo IX had pledged to be present at the Consecration of
the Cathedral of Reims, built to honour St Remigius, who had baptised Clovis
and played a large role on converting the Franks to Christianity. In fact due
to opposition to Leo�s visit by the King of France, only 20 bishops and 40
abbots attended at Reims, a clear sign of Leo�s limited authority on France.
After parading an effigy of the Saint around the town, before setting in in its
place in the Cathedral, Leo set it on the high altar as a �witness� and asked
all present to declare, individually one by one, that they had not paid money
for their office. Many of those present would not make such a statement.
1/8/1049, Tuesday
(-327,166) week 46,738
26/3/1049, Sunday (-327,294) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1049, Sunday
(-327,378)
=================================================================================
9/8/1048, Tuesday (-327,523) Pope Damasus II died.
1/8/1048, Monday (-327,531)
17/7/1048, Sunday (-327,546) Pope Damasus II (151st Pope) acceded.
15/5/1048, Sunday (-327,609) Persian mathematician and poet Omar Khayyam
was born at Nisipar. He was the first to solve cubic equations (those
containing terms to the power of three).
3/4/1048, Sunday
(-327,651) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1048,� Friday (-327,744)
=================================================================================
25/12/1047, Friday (-327,751)
23/10/1047, Friday (-327,814)
9/10/1047, Friday
(-327,828) Pope Clement II died.
1/8/1047, Saturday
(-327,897)
19/4/1047, Sunday (-328,001) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1047, Thursday
(-328,109)
================================================================================
25/12/1046, Thursday (328,116) (1) Pope Gregory VI
(148th Pope) deposed. The Synod of Rome elected Pope Clement II (Saxon, 149th
Pope) (died 1047).
(2) The German King was crowned Holy
Roman Emperor Henry III in Rome by Pope Clement II.
1/8/1046, Friday
(-328,262)
30/3/1046, Sunday (-328,386) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1046, Wednesday
(-328,474)
=================================================================================
1/8/1045, Thursday (-328,627)
7/4/1045, Sunday
(-328,743) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1045, Tuesday
(-328,839) week
46,977
==================================================================================
1/8/1044, Wednesday
(-328,992)
22/4/1044, Sunday
(-329,093) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1044, Sunday
(-329,205)
=================================================================================
1/8/1043, Monday
(-329,358)
3/4/1043, Sunday
(-329,478) Easter Sunday. Edward
the Confessor was crowned.
11/1/1043, Tuesday
(-329,560) (Germany) Agnes (1024-77), daughter of William
V the Pious, Duke of Aquitaine and Agnes of Aquitaine, married Henry III, Holy
Roman Emperor. Henry III died in 1056 and Agnes (daughter) served as Regent for
her minor son, Henry IV. However when Henry IV came of age, Agnes refused to
relinquish the throne. She was eventually deposed by the efforts of two German
bishops; she thereafter lived in Rome, as a staunch supporter of Pope Gregory
VII, until her death in 1077.
1/1/1043, Saturday
(-329,570)
=================================================================================
1/8/1042, Sunday
(-329,723)
1/7/1042, Thursday
(-329,754)
8/6/1042,�
Tuesday (-329,777) Harthacanute, King of
Denmark and England, died.
11/4/1042, Sunday (-329,835) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1042, Friday
(-329,935)
=================================================================================
1/8/1041, Saturday (-330,088)
22/3/1041, Sunday (-330,220)
Easter Sunday.
1/1/1041, Thursday
(-330,300)
=================================================================================
14/8/1040, Thursday (-330,440) Macbeth murdered Duncan I, King of
Scotland, and became King himself.
1/8/1040, Friday
(-330,453)
6/4/1040, Sunday
(-330,570) Easter Sunday.
17/3/1040, Monday
(-330,590) Harold Harefoot, King of England, was born.
1/1/1040, Tuesday
(-330,666) week
47,238
===================================================================================
1/8/1039, Wednesday
(-330,819)
17/6/1039, Sunday
(-330,814)
4/6/1039, Monday (-330,877)
Holy Roman Emperor Conrad II died in Utrecht, aged 49. He was succeeded as
German King by his 21-year-old son, Henry.
15/4/1039, Sunday (-330,927) Easter Sunday.
10/3/1039, Saturday (-330,963) Seige of Mauze.
1/1/1039, Monday
(-331,031)
===================================================================================
1/8/1038, Tuesday (-331,184)
26/3/1038, Sunday (-331,312) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1038, Sunday
(-331,396)
===================================================================================
1/8/1037, Monday (-331,549)
18/6/1037, Saturday
(-331,593) Persian philosopher and physician Avicenna died. His writings
were valued sources for European doctors.
12/6/1037, Sunday
(-331,599)
10/4/1037, Sunday (-331,662) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1037, Saturday
(-331,761)
=================================================================================
1/8/1036, Sunday (-331,914)
18/4/1036, Sunday (-332,019) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1036, Thursday
(-332,127)
================================================================================
25/12/1035, Thursday (-332,134)
12/11/1035. Tuesday
(-332,178) Death of the Danish King
of England, Canute (Cnut), aged 40. His
kingdom disintegrated. Harold I, Cnut�s son by Aelgifu of Northampton, became
Regent of England whilst his half-brother delayed in Denmark. England split
into the old political pattern of Northumbria and Mercia against Wessex.
1/8/1035, Friday (-332,280)
30/3/1035, Sunday (-332,404) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1035, Wednesday (-332,492)
==================================================================================
1/8/1034, Thursday (-332,645)
14/4/1034, Sunday (-332,754) Easter Sunday
1/1/1034, Tuesday (-332,857) week 47,551
==================================================================================
1/8/1033, Wednesday (-333,010)
22/4/1033, Sunday (-333,111) Easter
Sunday.
1/1/1033, Monday (-333,222)
=================================================================================
1/8/1032, Tuesday (-333,375)
week 47,625)
2/4/1032, Sunday (-333,496) Easter
Sunday.
1/1/1032, Saturday (-333,588)
=================================================================================
1/8/1031, Sunday (-333,741)
20/7/1031, Tuesday (-333,753) Robert
II (The Pious), King of France, died aged 61 He was succeeded by his
23-year-old son Constance of Aquitaine, who ruled as Henry I until 1060.
13/6/1031, Sunday (-333,790)
11/4/1031, Sunday (-333,853) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1031, Friday
(-333,953)
=================================================================================
1/8/1030, Saturday (-334,106)
29/3/1030, Sunday (-) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1030, Thursday
(-334,318)
=================================================================================
1/8/1029, Friday (-334,471)
6/4/1029, Sunday (-334,588) Easter
Sunday.
1/1/1029, Wednesday (-334,683)
==================================================================================
1/8/1028, Thursday (-334,836)
14/4/1028, Sunday (-334,945) Easter Sunday
1/1/1028, Monday
(-335,049)
===================================================================================
1/8/1027, Tuesday (-335,202) week 47,886
26/3/1027, Sunday (-335,830) Easter Sunday. Holy Roman Emperor Conrad II
was crowned in Rome.
1/1/1027, Sunday
(-335,414)
==================================================================================
1/8/1026, Monday (-335,567)
10/4/1026, Sunday (-335,680) Easter Sunday
1/1/1026, Saturday
(-335,779)
==================================================================================
1/8/1025, Sunday (-335,932)
18/4/1025, Sunday (-336,037) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1025, Friday
(-336,144)
==================================================================================
1/8/1024, Saturday (-336,297)
13/7/1024, Monday (-336,316) Holy
Roman Emperor Henry II died aged 51 after a 10-year reign. He was succeeded as
King of the Germans and Holy Roman Emperor by his 34-year-old son, who ruled as
Conrad II until 1039.
Tuesday (-336,336)
8/5/1024, Friday (-336,382)
5/4/1024, Sunday (-336,415)
1/1/1024, Wednesday (-336,510)
==================================================================================
1/8/1023, Thursday (-336,663)
8/5/1023, Wednesday (-336,748)
14/4/1023, Sunday (-336,772) Easter Sunday
1/1/1023, Tuesday (-336,875)
week 48,125
=================================================================================
1/8/1022, Wednesday (-337,028)
8/5/1022, Tuesday (-337,113)
25/3/1022, Sunday (-337,157) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1022, Monday
(-337,240)
==================================================================================
Tuesday (-337,337)
1/8/1021, Tuesday (-337,393) week 48,199
8/5/1021, Monday (-337,478)
2/4/1021, Sunday (-337,514) Easter
Sunday.
1/1/1021, Sunday (-337,605)
================================================================================
1/8/1020, Monday (-337,758)
8/5/1020, Sunday (-337,843)
16/4/1020, Sunday (-337,864) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1020, Friday
(-337,971)
===============================================================================
1/8/1019, Saturday (-338,124)
8/5/1019, Friday (-338,209)
29/3/1019, Sunday (-338,249) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1019, Thursday
(-338,336)
===============================================================================
Tuesday (-338,338)
1/8/1018, Friday
(-338,489)
8/5/1018, Thursday (-338,574)
6/4/1018, Sunday (-338,606) Easter
Sunday.
1/1/1018, Wednesday (-338,701)
================================================================================
1/8/1017, Thursday (-338,854)
8/5/1017, Wednesday (-338,939)
21/4/1017, Sunday (-338,956)
Easter Sunday.
21/3/1017, Thursday (-338,987)
21/2/1017, Thursday (-339,015)
21/1/1017, Monday (-339,046)
6/1/1017, Sunday (-339,061) (Britain) Cnut was crowned King of England in
London.
1/1/1017, Tuesday (-339,066) week
48,438
=================================================================================
6/12/1016, Thursday (-339,092)
30/11/1016, Friday (-339,098) King
Edmund was murdered and Cnut became King of England.
28/10/1017, Sunday (-339,131) Henry
III, Holy Roman Emperor, was born (died 5/10/1056).
18/10/1016, Thursday (-339,141)
The Danes under Canute defeated the Saxons at the Battle of Assandun (now
Ashingdon, Essex)
16/8/1016, Thursday (-339,204)
1/8/1016, Wednesday (-339,219)
14/6/1016, Thursday (-339,267)
8/5/1016, Tuesday (-339,304)
23/4/1016, Monday (-339,319) Ethelred
died and was succeeded by his son Edmund II, Ironside. Edmund and Cnut fought
for the throne. Edmund agreed to keep Wessex and leave Cnut ruling over the
rest of England.
8/4/1016, Sunday (-339,334)
Tuesday (-339,339)
1/4/1016, Sunday (-339,341) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1016, Sunday
(-339,432)
===============================================================================
1/8/1015, Monday (-339,585)
8/5/1015, Sunday (-339,670)
10/4/1015, Sunday (-339,698) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1015, Saturday
(-339,797)
================================================================================
1/8/1014, Sunday (-339,950)
6/7/1014, Tuesday (-339,976) (Byzantium,
Bulgaria) The Byzantine Emperor Basil II
defeated the Bulgarian army, after a 28-year war, under Tsar Samuel, then
ordered the defeated 15,000 men to be blinded. Basil arranged for one eye of
every hundredth man to be spared so the army could find its way back to the
Tsar.
8/5/1014, Saturday (-340,035)
25/4/1014, Sunday (-340,048) Easter
Sunday.
23/4/1014, Friday
(-340,050) Battle of Clontarf: Gaelic Irish forces under Brian Boru
defeated several allied Viking forces in Ireland, ending their power there but
losing Brian in the battle.
14/2/1014, Sunday
(-340,118) King Henry III of Germany was proclaimed proclaimed Holy Roman
Emperor by the Pope. Arduin, considering himself the King of Italy, seized
Vercelli, west of Milan amd besieged Novara and Como; however he was then
vanquished by Henry III�s forces. Arduin then retired to a monastery� at Fruttuaria, near Turin, where he died in
1015.
1/2/1014, Monday
(-340,131)
1/1/1014, Friday
(-340,162)
================================================================================
25/12/1013, Friday
(-340,169) Danish King Swein Forkbeard invaded England and was declared its
King. However he died 5 weeks later.
1/8/1013, Saturday
(-340,315)
Tuesday (-340,340)
8/5/1013, Friday (-340,400)
5/4/1013, Sunday
(-340,433) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1013, Thursday
(-340,527)
===============================================================================
1/8/1012,
Friday (-340,680)
8/5/1012, Thursday
(-340,765)
19/4/1012. Saturday (-340,784) St
Alpheage, Archbishop of Canterbury, was murdered by the Danes. He had been
captured by the Danes who sacked
Canterbury in 1011 and kept in prison for 7 months, and killed when a
ransom was not paid.. Born in 954, St Alpheage was elected Abbot at Bath, and
in 984 became the Bishop of Winchester. In 1006 he succeeded Aelfric as
Archbishop of Canterbury.
13/4/1012, Sunday (-340,790) Easter Sunday
1/1/1012, Tuesday
(-340,893) week 48,699
================================================================================
1/8/1011, Wednesday (-341,046)
8/5/1011, Tuesday
(-341,131)
Tuesday (-341,341)
25/3/1011, Sunday (-341,175) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1011, Monday
(-341,258)
===============================================================================
1/8/1010, Tuesday (-341,411)
8/5/1010, Monday (-341,496)
9/4/1010, Sunday (-341,525) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1010, Sunday
(-341,623)
===============================================================================
1/8/1009, Monday (-341,776)
8/5/1009, Sunday (-341,861)
16/4/1009, Sunday (-341,882) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1009, Saturday (-341,988)
==============================================================================
1/8/1008, Sunday (-342,141)
8/5/1008, Saturday (-342,226)
28/3/1008, Sunday� (-) Easter Sunday.
Tuesday (-342,342)
1/1/1008, Thursday
(-342,354)
==============================================================================
1/8/1007, Friday
(-342,507)
8/5/1007, Thursday
(-342,592)
6/4/1007, Sunday
(-342,624) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1007, Wednesday
(-342,719)
=============================================================================
25/12/1006, Wednesday
(-342,726)
23/10/1006, Wednesday
(-342,789)
14/10/1006, Monday
(-342,798) Geoffrey Martel, Count of Anjou, was born (died 14/11/1060).
3/10/1006,
1/8/1006, Thursday
(-342,872)
8/5/1006, Wednesday
(-342,957)
21/4/1006, Sunday (-342,974)
Easter Sunday.
1/1/1006, Tuesday (-343,084) week
49,012
===============================================================================
1/8/1005, Wednesday (-343,237)
8/5/1005, Tuesday
(-343,322)
Tuesday (-343,343)
8/4/1005, Sunday (-343,352)
1/4/1005, Sunday (-343,359) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1005, Monday
(-343,449)
===============================================================================
1/8/1004, Tuesday (-343,602)
8/5/1004, Monday (-343,687)
16/4/1004, Sunday (-343,709) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1004, Saturday
(-343,815)
===============================================================================
1/8/1003, Sunday (-343,968)
12/5/1003. Wednesday (-344,049) Sylvester II, (Gerbert of
Aurillac) the first French Pope, died. Elected in 999 with the backing of Otto
III, he encouraged the Holy Roman
Emperor�s ambition to re-create the Roman Empire of the west.
8/5/1003, Saturday (-344,053)
28/4/1003, Wednesday
(-344,063)
28/3/1003, Sunday� (-344,094) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1003, Friday
(-344,180)
===============================================================================
1/8/1002, Saturday (-344,333)
Tuesday (-344,344)
21/6/1002, Sunday
(-344,374) Pope Leo IX was born.
8/5/1002, Friday (-344,418)
5/4/1002, Sunday
(-344,451) Easter Sunday.
23/1/1002, Friday
(-344,523) Holy Roman Emperor Otto III died aged 21, whilst fighting Rome.
He was succeeded as King of the Franks and Bavarians by his 28-year-old cousin
Henry, Duke of Bavaria, who became Holy Roman Emperor in 1014.
1/1/1002, Thursday
(-344,545)
================================================================================
25/12/1001, Thursday
(-344,552)
2/12/1001. Tuesday
(-344,575) The Danes in England were
massacred on the orders of King Aethelred, after his policy of buying them off
had failed to halt the Dane�s raids. In revenge Sweyn returned in 1002 and
ravaged Exeter in 1003 and Norwich and Thetford in 1004. After a lull in 1005
Danish attacks on English towns resumes and Aethelred bought them off for a
larger sum than ever, �36,000, in 1007. But in 1010 the Danes were bough off
again, for �48,000 this time. In the 1010s the Danes made efforts to gain
political control of the English Kingdom of northern and western England.
Aethelred, called the Unready as he was without rede or counsel, had been a weak, improvident,
and self-indulgent monarch, and he died in London on 23/4/1016. His wife Emma
subsequently married Canute, and died in retirement at Winchester on 6/3/1052
after not her son (Hardicanute) but Harold Harefoot had become king of England.
1/8/1001, Friday (-344,698)
8/5/1001, Thursday
(-344,783)
13/4/1001, Sunday (-344,808) Easter Sunday
1/1/1001, Wednesday
(-344,910)
==============================================================================
25/12/1000, Wednesday (-344,917) Stephen I became King of Hungary, which
was established as a Christian kingdom.
9/9/1000, Monday (354,024) Alarmed by the growing power of Olaf
Tryggvason, King of Norway, King Sweyn Forkbeard of Denmark, King Olaf Eriksson
of Sweden and Earl Eirik Hakonarson of Lade united to eliminate him. Olaf
travelled to Wendland to seek allies, but his fleet was caught by the three
allies off Svolder Island (probably, modern Rugen). Most of Olaf�s mercenary
fleet abandoned him, and he was drowned when he jumped ship and his men
surrendered. However the allied effort was in vain, because within 35 years
Norway was a united Christian Kingdom under Olaf�s son Magnus.
1/8/1000, Thursday (-345,063)
8/5/1000, Wednesday (-345,148)
8/4/1000, Monday (-345,178)
31/3/1000, Sunday (-345,186) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1000, Monday
(-345,276)
===================================================================================
25/12/999, Monday (-345,283)
17/12/999, Sunday (-345,291) Adelheid, widow of King Otto I of Germany,
mother of King Otto II and grandmother of King Otto III, born 931, died.
Tuesday (-345,345)
1/8/999 Tuesday (-345,429)
week 49,347
8/5/999, Monday (-345,514)
9/4/999, Sunday (-345,543) Easter Sunday.
2/4/999, Sunday (-345,550) Gerbert of Aurillac, mathematician,
philosopher and inventor, became Pope Sylvester II, (139th Pope) the first
French Pope (died 1003)
4/2/999, Saturday (-345,607) Pope Gregory V died.
1/1/999, Sunday
(-345,641)
===================================================================================
998,
25/12/998, Sunday (-345,648)
2/11/998, Tuesday (-345,702)
The Abbot of Cluny, France, instituted this day as All Soul�s day, when prayers
are said for the dead. This way the Church co-opted the ancient pagan festival
of Samhain, at the beginning of November, when the souls of the dead were said
to return to roam the Earth.
1/8/998, Monday (-345,794)
8/5/998, Sunday (-345,879)
16/4/998, Sunday (-345,900) Easter Sunday.
1/1/998, Saturday
(-346,006)
==================================================================================
1/8/997, Sunday (-346,159)
8/5/997, Saturday (-346,244)
23/4/997, Friday (-346,259) St Adalbert, the Apostle of
the Prussians, from Prague, was murdered by the Prussians, whom he was trying
to convert. He had also preached to the Hungarians and Bohemians, the latter
being annoyed by his asceticism.
28/3/997, Sunday� (-346,285) Easter Sunday.
1/1/997, Friday
(-346,371)
==================================================================================
25/12/996, Friday (-346,378)
23/10/996, Friday (-346,441)
14/10/996, Wednesday
(-346,450) Hugh Capet, King of the Franks, died aged 58. He was succeeded
by his 26-year-old son who ruled as Robert II until 1031.
Tuesday (-346,346)
1/8/996, Saturday
(-346,524)
8/5/996, Friday (-346,609)
12/4/996, Sunday (-346,635) Easter Sunday
1/1/996, Wednesday
(-346,737)
=================================================================================
1/8/995, Thursday (-346,890)
8/5/995, Wednesday (-346,975)
21/4/995, Sunday (-346,992)
Easter Sunday.
1/1/995, Tuesday (-347,102) week
49,586
===============================================================================
1/8/994, Wednesday (-347,255)
8/5/994, Tuesday (-347,340)
Tuesday (-347,347)
8/4/994, Sunday (-374,370)
1/4/994, Sunday (-374,377) Easter Sunday.
1/1/994, Monday
(-347,467)
==============================================================================
1/8/993, Tuesday (-347,620) week 49,620
8/5/993, Monday (-347,705)
16/4/993, Sunday (-347,727) Easter Sunday.
1/1/993, Sunday
(-347,832)
===============================================================================
1/8/992, Monday (-347,985)
8/5/992, Sunday (-348,070)
8/4/992, Friday (-348,100)
27/3/992, Sunday (-348,112) Easter Sunday.
29/2/992, Monday (-348,139) Saint Oswald, Archbishop of York, died.
1/1/992, Friday
(-348,198)
==============================================================================
1/8/991, Saturday (-348,351)
15/6/991, Monday (-348,398) Empress Theophano, Byzantine-born widow of
King Otto II of Germany, died.
Tuesday (-348,348)
8/5/991, Friday (-348,436)
5/4/991, Sunday (-348,469) Easter Sunday.
1/1/991, Thursday
(-348,563)
===============================================================================
25/12/990, Thursday (-348,570)
23/10/990, Thursday (-348,633)
28/9/990. Sunday (-348,658) King Wenceslas
of Bohemia, the Good King Wenceslas of the Christmas carol, died in Stara
Boleslav.
1/8/990, Friday (-348,716)
8/5/990, Thursday (-348,801)
20/4/990, Sunday (-348,819) Easter
Sunday.
13/2/990, Thursday (-348,885) Ethelgar, Archbishop of Canterbury,
died.
1/1/990, Wednesday
(-348,928)
===============================================================================
1/8/989, Thursday (-349,081)
8/5/989, Wednesday (-349,166)
8/4/989, Monday (-349,196)
31/3/989, Sunday (-349,204) Easter Sunday.
1/1/989, Tuesday
(-349,293) week 49,899
================================================================================
Tuesday (-349,349)
1/8/988, Wednesday
(-349,446)
19/5/988, Saturday (-349,520) Saint Dunstan, Archbishop of Canterbury
(born near Glastonbury ca. 910) died in Canterbury. He was appointed to
Archbishop by King Edgar in 959.
8/4/988, Sunday (-349,661) Easter Sunday.
1/1/988, Sunday
(-349,659)
==================================================================================
1/8/987, Monday (-349,812)
8/5/987, Sunday (-349,897)
24/4/987, Sunday (-349,911) Easter Sunday.
8/4/987, Friday (-349,927)
8/3/987, Tuesday (-349,958)
1/1/987, Saturday
(-350,024)
=================================================================================
986,
1/8/986, Sunday (-350,177)
8/5/986, Saturday (-350,262)
4/4/986, Sunday (-350,296)
Easter Sunday.
2/3/986, Tuesday (-350,329) Lothair, King of the Franks, died, aged
44. He was succeeded by his 19-year-old son who ruled briefly as Louis V (le
Faineant).
Tuesday (-350,350)
1/1/986, Friday
(-350,389)
================================================================================
985,
1/8/985, Saturday
(-350,542)
8/5/985, Friday (-350,627)
12/4/985, Sunday (-350,653) Easter Sunday
1/1/985, Thursday
(-350,754)
===============================================================================
984,
1/8/984, Friday (-350,907)
8/5/984, Thursday (-350,992)
23/3/984, Sunday (-351,039) Easter Sunday.
1/1/984, Tuesday
(-351,120) week 50,160
===============================================================================
983,
25/12/983, Tuesday (-351,127)
7/12/983, Friday (-351,145) Holy Roman Emperor Otto II died in his
palace in Rome, aged 28. He was succeeded by his 3-year-old son.
1/8/963, Wednesday (-351,273)
Tuesday (-351,351)
8/5/983, Tuesday (-351,358)
8/4/983, Sunday (-351,388) Easter Sunday.
9/1/983, Monday
(-351,485)
================================================================================
982,
1/8/982, Tuesday (-351,638) week 50,234
8/5/982, Monday (-351,723)
16/4/982, Sunday (-351,745) Easter Sunday.
9/1/982, Sunday
(-351,850)
================================================================================
981,
1/8/981, Monday (-352,003)
8/5/981, Sunday (-352,088)
27/3/981, Sunday (-352,130) Easter Sunday.
1/1/981, Saturday
(-352,215)
================================================================================
Tuesday (-352,352)
1/8/980, Sunday
(-352,368)
8/5/980, Saturday (-352,453)
11/4/980, Sunday (-352,480) Easter Sunday.
1/1/980, Thursday
(-352,581)
===============================================================================
1/8/979, Friday (-352,734)
8/5/979, Thursday (-352,819)
20/4/979, Sunday (-352,837)
Easter Sunday.
1/1/979, Wednesday (-352,946)
================================================================================
1/8/978, Thursday (-353,099)
8/5/978, Wednesday (-353,184)
8/4/978, Monday (-353,214)
31/3/978, Sunday (-353,222) Easter Sunday.
18/3/978, Monday (-353,235) King Edward the Martyr was murdered at
Corfe Castle, and succeeded by Ethelred II (The Unready or Ill-Advised).
1/1/978, Tuesday
(-353,311) week 50,473
===============================================================================
Tuesday (-353,353)
1/8/977, Wednesday
(-353,464)
8/5/977, Tuesday (-353,549)
8/4/977, Sunday (-353,579) Easter Sunday.
1/1/977, Monday
(-353,676)
===============================================================================
1/8/976, Tuesday (-353,829) week 50,547
8/5/976, Monday (-353,914)
23/4/976, Sunday (-353,929) Easter Sunday.
10/1/976, Monday (-354,033) Byzantine co-Emperor John I Tzimisces died
aged 51 after returning from a second campaign against the Saracens. The other
co-Emperor, Basil II, then aged 20, now ruled alone until 1025.
1/1/976, Saturday
(-354,042)
==============================================================================
1/8/975, Sunday (-354,195)
8/5/975, Saturday (-354,280)
4/4/975, Sunday (-354,314) Easter Sunday.
Tuesday (-354,354)
1/1/975, Friday (-354,407)
===============================================================================
1/8/974, Saturday
(-354,560)
8/5/974, Friday (-354,645)
12/4/974, Sunday (-354,671) Easter Sunday
1/1/974, Thursday
(-354,772)
================================================================================
1/8/973, Friday (-354,925)
7/5/973, Wednesday (-355,011)
Otto I, King of Germany, died, aged 60, after an 11-year reign. He was
succeeded by his 18-year-old son, Otto II, who had been joint Emperor since
Christmas 967, and who in 972 had married the Byzantine Princess Theophano,
daughter of Romanus II. Otto II ruled until 7/12/ 983.
23/3/973, Sunday (-355,056) Easter Sunday.
1/1/973, Wednesday
(-355,137)
=================================================================================
6/9/972, Friday (-355,254) Pope John XIII died.
1/8/972, Thursday (-355,290)
Tuesday (-355,355)
8/5/972, Wednesday (-355,375)
7/4/972, Sunday (-355,406) Easter Sunday.
1/1/972, Monday
(-355,503)
================================================================================
2/10/971, Monday (-155,594) Mahmud of Ghazni, Afghan warrior, was born
(died 1030).
1/8/971, Tuesday (-355,656) week 50,808
8/5/971, Monday (-355,741)
16/4/971, Sunday (-355,763) Easter Sunday.
1/1/971, Sunday (-355,868)
================================================================================
1/8/970, Monday (-356,021)
8/5/970, Sunday (-356,106)
27/3/970, Sunday (-356,148) Easter Sunday.
1/1/970, Saturday
(-356,233)
================================================================================
25/12/969, Saturday (-356,240)
28/10/969. Thursday (-356,298) After a prolonged siege, Byzantium captured Antioch from the Arabs.
Tuesday (-356,356)
1/8/969, Sunday
(-356,386)
8/5/969, Saturday (-356,471)
11/4/969, Sunday (-356,498) Easter Sunday.
1/1/969, Friday
(-356,598)
============================================================================
1/8/968, Saturday (-356,751)
19/4/968, Sunday (-356,856) Easter Sunday.
1/1/968, Wednesday
(-356,964)
============================================================================
1/8/967, Thursday (-357,117)
8/5/967, Wednesday (-357,202)
8/4/967, Monday (-357,232)
31/3/967, Sunday (-357,240) Easter Sunday.
1/1/967, Tuesday
(-357,329)
==============================================================================
Tuesday (-3570,357)
1/8/966, Wednesday
(-357,482)
8/5/966, Tuesday (-357,567)
15/4/966, Sunday (-357,590) Easter Sunday.
14/4/966, Saturday (-357,591)Mieszko I, the first duke of
Poland, was baptized a Christian. This
is usually considered the beginning of the Polish state.
1/1/966, Monday
(-375,694)
================================================================================
1/8/965, Tuesday (-357,847) week 51,121
8/5/965, Monday (-357,932)
26/3/965, Sunday (-357,975) Easter Sunday.
1/1/965, Sunday
(-358,059)
================================================================================
1/8/964, Monday (-358,212)
8/5/964, Sunday (-358,297)
3/4/964, Sunday (-358,332) Easter Sunday.
Tuesday (-358,358)
1/1/964, Friday (-358,425)
=================================================================================
1/8/963, Saturday
(-358,578)
8/5/963, Friday (-358,663)
19/4/963, Sunday (-358,682) Easter Sunday.
12/4/963, Saturday (-358,697)
The foundation of Luxembourg. On this day Count Sigefroi of
the House of Ardenne acquired the site of present day Luxembourg City for the
purpose of erecting a castle there.
1/1/963, Thursday
(-358,790)
================================================================================
1/8/962, Friday (-358,943)
8/5/962, Thursday (-359,028)
8/4/962, Tuesday (-359,058)
30/3/962, Sunday (-359,067) Easter Sunday.
2/3/962, Sunday (-359,095)
2/2/962, Sunday (-359,123) Saxon
Otto I was crowned Holy Roman Emperor by Pope John XII.
1/1/962, Wednesday (-359,155)
================================================================================
1/8/961, Thursday (-359,308)
Tuesday (-359,359)
8/5/961, Wednesday (-359,393)
7/4/961, Sunday (-359,424) Easter Sunday.
1/1/961, Tuesday
(-359,520) week 51,360
===============================================================================
1/8/960, Wednesday (-359,673)
8/5/960, Tuesday (-359,758)
22/4/960, Sunday (-359,774) Easter Sunday.
1/1/960, Sunday
(-359,886)
===============================================================================
25/12/959, Sunday (-359,893)
23/10/959, Sunday (-359,956)
1/10/959, Saturday (-359,978) King Eadwig of England died, and was
succeeded by his brother Edgar, who effectively completed the unification of
England when Northumbria finally submitted to his rule.
1/8/959, Monday (-360,039)
2/6/959, Thursday (-360,099) Odo, Archbishop of Canterbury, died.
8/5/959, Sunday (-360,124)
3/4/959, Sunday (-360,159)
Easter Sunday.
1/1/959, Saturday
(-360,251)
===============================================================================
Tuesday (-360,360)
1/8/958, Sunday
(-360,404)
8/5/958, Saturday (-360,489)
11/4/958, Sunday (-360,516) Easter Sunday.
1/1/958, Friday
(-360,616)
===============================================================================
1/8/957, Saturday (-360,769)
8/5/957, Friday (-360,854)
19/4/957, Sunday (-360,873) Easter Sunday.
1/1/957, Thursday
(-360,981)
================================================================================
1/8/956, Friday (-361,134)
17/6/956, Tuesday (-361,179) Hugh The Great died, 2 months after
gaining mastery of Burgundy. He was succeeded by his 18-year-old son, Hugh
Capet, who was reluctantly acknowledged as Duke of the Franks by his cousin,
Lothair, King of the Franks.
8/5/956, Thursday (-361,219)
6/4/856, Sunday (-361,251) Easter Sunday.
1/1/956, Tuesday
(-361,347) week 51,621
================================================================================
Tuesday (-361,361)
10/8/955, Friday (-361,491) At the Battle of Lechfeld, near Augsburg,
Otto I of the Holy Roman Empire heavily defeated the Magyars, stopping their
westwards invasion into Germany.
1/8/955, Wednesday (-361,500)
8/5/955, Tuesday (-361,585)
15/4/955, Sunday (-361,608) Easter Sunday.
1/1/955, Monday
(-361,712)
================================================================================
10/9/954, Sunday (-361,825) Louis IV, King of France, died aged 33. He
was succeeded by his 13-year-old son Lothair who reigned until 986.
1/8/954, Tuesday (-361,865) week 51,695
8/5/954, Monday (-361,950)
26/3/954, Sunday (-361,993) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1954, Sunday
(-362,077)
==================================================================================
1/8/953, Monday (-362,230)
8/5/953, Sunday (-362,315)
3/4/953, Sunday (-362,350) Easter Sunday.
Tuesday (-362,362)
1/1/953, Saturday
(-362,442)
================================================================================
1/8/952, Sunday
(-362,595)
8/5/952, Saturday (-362,680)
18/4/952, Sunday (-362,700) Easter Sunday.
1/1/952, Thursday
(-362,808)
================================================================================
1/8/951, Friday (-362,961)
8/5/951, Thursday (-363,046)
30/3/951, Sunday (-363,085) Easter Sunday.
1/1/951, Wednesday
(-363,173)
==============================================================================
1/8/950, Thursday (-353,326)
Tuesday (-363,363)
8/5/950, Wednesday (-363,411)
7/4/950, Sunday (-363,442) Easter Sunday.
1/1/950, Tuesday (-363,538) week
51,934
===============================================================================
1/8/949, Wednesday (-363,691)
8/5/949, Tuesday (-363,776)
22/4/949, Sunday (-363,792) Easter Sunday.
1/1/949, Monday
(-363,903)
===============================================================================
8/5/948, Monday (-364,141)
2/4/948, Sunday (-364,177) Easter Sunday.
1/1/948, Saturday
(-364,269)
===============================================================================
Tuesday (-364,364)
8/5/947, Saturday (-364,507)
11/4/947, Sunday (-364,534) Easter Sunday.
1/1/947, Friday
(-364,634)
==============================================================================
8/5/946, Friday (-364,872)
22/3/946, Sunday (-364,919) Easter Sunday.
1/1/946, Thursday (-364,999)
==============================================================================
8/5/945, Thursday (-365,237)
6/4/945, Sunday (-365,269) Easter Sunday.
1/1/945, Wednesday
(-365,364)
=============================================================================
Tuesday (-365,365)
8/5/944, Wednesday (-365,602)
14/4/944, Sunday (-365,626) Easter Sunday
1/1/944, Monday
(-365,730)
==============================================================================
8/5/943, Monday (-365,968)
26/3/943, Sunday (-366,011) Easter Sunday.
1/1/943, Sunday
(-366,095)
==============================================================================
8/5/942, Sunday (-366,333)
10/4/962, Sunday (-363,361) Easter Sunday.
Tuesday (-366,366)
1/1/942, Saturday
(-366,460)
==============================================================================
8/5/941, Saturday (-366,698)
18/4/941, Sunday (-366,718) Easter Sunday.
1/1/941, Friday
(-366,825)
==============================================================================
8/5/940, Friday (-367,063)
29/3/940, Sunday (-367,104) Easter Sunday.
1/1/940, Wednesday
(-367,191)
=============================================================================
25/12/939, Wednesday (-367,198)
27/10/939, Sunday (-367,257) King Athelstan of Mercia died.
Tuesday (-367,367)
8/5/939, Wednesday (-367,429)
14/4/939, Sunday (-367,453) Easter Sunday
1/1/939, Tuesday
(-367,556) week 52,508
============================================================================
8/5/938, Tuesday (-367,794)
22/4/938, Sunday (-367,810) Easter Sunday.
1/1/938, Monday
(-367,921)
==============================================================================
8/5/937, Monday (-368,159)
2/4/937, Sunday (-368,195)
Easter Sunday.
1/1/937, Sunday
(-368,286)
==============================================================================
Tuesday (-368,368)
10/7/936, Sunday (-368,461)
2/7/936, Saturday (-368,469) Henry the Fowler, King of Germany, died
aged 60 after a 17-year reign. He was succeeded by his 23-year-old son, who was
crowned Holy Roman Emperor in 962 and ruled as Otto I until 973.
8/5/936, Sunday (-368,524)
1/1/936, Friday
(-368,652)
=============================================================================
16/4/936, Sunday (-368,545) Easter Sunday.
8/5/935, Friday (-368,890)
29/3/935, Sunday (-368,930) Easter Sunday.
1/1/935, Thursday
(-369,017)
=============================================================================
8/5/934, Thursday (-369,255)
6/4/934, Sunday (-369,287) Easter Sunday.
Tuesday (-369,369)
1/1/934, Wednesday
(-369,382)
=============================================================================
8/5/933, Wednesday (-369,620)
14/4/933, Sunday (-369,644) Easter Sunday
1/1/933, Tuesday
(-369,747) week 52,821
===============================================================================
8/5/932, Tuesday (-369,985)
8/4/932, Sunday (-370,015)
1/4/932, Sunday (-370,022) Easter Sunday.
1/1/932, Sunday
(-370,113)
===============================================================================
8/5/931, Sunday (-370,351)
Tuesday (-370,370)
10/4/931, Sunday (-370,379) Easter Sunday.
1/1/931, Saturday
(-370,478)
=============================================================================
8/5/930, Saturday (-370,716)
18/4/930, Sunday (-370,736) Easter Sunday.
1/1/930, Friday
(-370,843)
=============================================================================
8/5/929, Friday (-371,081)
5/4/929, Sunday (-371,114) Easter Sunday.
1/1/929, Thursday
(-371,208)
=============================================================================
Tuesday (-371,371)
8/5/928, Thursday (-371,446)
13/4/928, Sunday (-371,471) Easter Sunday
1/1/928, Tuesday
(-371,574) week 53,082
=============================================================================
8/5/927, Tuesday (-371, 812)
25/3/927, Sunday (-371,856) Easter Sunday.
1/1/927, Monday
(-371,939)
==========================================================================
8/5/926, Monday (-372,177)
2/4/926, Sunday (-372,213)
Easter Sunday.
1/1/926, Sunday
(-372,304)
==========================================================================
Tuesday (-372,372)
8/5/925, Sunday (-372,542)
16/4/925, Sunday (-372,563) Easter Sunday.
1/1/925, Saturday
(-372,669)
============================================================================
17/7/924, Saturday (-372,837) King Edward the Elder of England died and
was succeeded by his son Aethlstan.
10/7/924, Saturday (-372,,844)
8/5/924, Saturday (-372,907)
28/3/924, Sunday� (-372,948) Easter Sunday.
1/1/924, Thursday
(-373,035)
===========================================================================
15/6/923, Sunday (-373,235) Robert I, King of France, was killed in
battle.
8/5/923, Thursday (-373,273)
6/4/923, Sunday (-373,305) Easter Sunday.
Tuesday (-373,373)
1/1/923, Wednesday
(-373,400)
===========================================================================
922,
25/12/922, Wednesday
(-373,407)
23/10/922, Wednesday
(-373,470)
29/9/922, Sunday (-373,494) In France, Charles III (The Simple) was
deposed by rebellious barons and replaced by King Odo who was crowned this day
at Reims.
8/5/922, Wednesday (-373,638)
21/4/922, Sunday (-373,655)
Easter Sunday.
1/1/922, Tuesday (-373,765) week
53,395
===========================================================================
15/9/921, Saturday (-373,873) The Duchess of Bohemia, later St Ludmila,
was assassinated by command of her daughter in law. She and her husband had
built the first Christian church in Bohemia, and she had taught her grandson,
later known as Good King Wenceslas.
8/5/921, Tuesday (-374,003)
8/4/921, Sunday (-374,033)
1/4/921, Sunday (-374,040) Easter Sunday.
1/1/921, Monday
(-374,130)
=============================================================================
8/5/920, Monday (-374,368)
Tuesday (-374,374)
9/4/920, Sunday (-374,397) Easter Sunday.
1/1/920, Saturday
(-374,496)
=============================================================================
8/5/919, Saturday (-374,734)
25/4/919, Sunday (-374,747) Easter Sunday.
1/1/919, Friday
(-374,861)
============================================================================
25/12/918, Friday (-374,868)
23/10/918, Friday (-374,931)
23/9/918, Tuesday (-374,962) German King Conrad I died after a 7-year
reign.
8/5/918, Friday (-375,099)
5/4/918, Sunday (-375,132) Easter Sunday.
1/1/918, Thursday
(-375,226)
===============================================================================
Tuesday (-375,375)
8/5/917, Thursday (-375,464)
13/4/917, Sunday (-375,489) Easter Sunday
1/1/917, Wednesday
(-375,591)
=============================================================================
8/5/916, Wednesday (-375,829)
24/3/916, Sunday (-375,874) Easter Sunday.
1/1/916, Monday
(-375,957)
============================================================================
8/5/915, Monday (-376,195)
9/4/915, Sunday (-376,224) Easter Sunday.
1/1/915, Sunday
(-376,322)
===========================================================================
Tuesday (-376,376)
8/5/914, Sunday (-376,560)
16/4/914, Sunday (-376,581) Easter Sunday.
1/1/914, Saturday
(-376,687)
===========================================================================
8/5/913, Saturday (-376,925)
28/3/913, Sunday� (-376,966) Easter Sunday.
1/1/913, Friday
(-377,052)
===========================================================================
25/12/912, Friday (-377,059)
23/11/912, Sunday (-377,092) Holy Roman Emperor, Otto the Great, was
born.
8/5/912, Friday (-377,290)
12/4/912, Sunday (-377,316) Easter Sunday.
Tuesday (-377,377)
1/1/912, Wednesday
(-377,418)
==========================================================================
25/12/911, Wednesday
(-377,425)
8/11/911, Thursday (-377,473) Following the death of King Louis III
(The Child) at age 18, the son of Conrad, Count of Lanhgau, was chosen as
German King, at Forchheim.
8/5/911, Wednesday (-377,656)
21/4/911, Sunday (-377,673)
Easter Sunday.
14/4/911, Sunday (-377,680) Pope Sergius III died.
1/1/911, Tuesday (-377,783) week 53,969
============================================================================
8/5/910, Tuesday (-378,021)
8/4/910, Sunday (-378,051)
1/4/910, Sunday (-378,058) Easter Sunday.
1/1/910, Monday
(-378,148)
===========================================================================
Tuesday (-378,378)
8/5/909, Monday (-378,386)
16/4/909, Sunday (-378,408) Easter Sunday.
1/1/909, Sunday
(-378,513)
==========================================================================
8/5/908, Sunday (-378,751)
27/3/908, Sunday (-)378,793 Easter Sunday.
1/1/908, Friday
(-378,879)
===========================================================================
10/5/907, Friday (-379,054)
4/7/907. Saturday (-379,060) The Bavarians suffered a disastrous defeat
by the Hungarians.
8/5/907, Friday (-379,117)
5/4/907, Sunday (-379,150) Easter Sunday.
1/1/907, Thursday
(-379,244)
==========================================================================
Tuesday (-379,379)
8/5/906, Thursday (-379,482)
2/5/906, Friday (-379,488) King Boris I of Bulgaria died.
13/4/906, Sunday (-379,507) Easter Sunday
1/1/906, Wednesday
(-379,609)
===========================================================================
8/5/905, Wednesday (-379,847)
8/4/905, Monday (-379,877)
31/3/905, Sunday (--379,885) Easter Sunday.
1/1/905, Tuesday
(-379,974) week 54,282
==========================================================================
10/7/904, Tuesday (-380,149)
1/7/904. Sunday (-380,158) The Arabs sacked Thessalonica, the second
greatest city of the Empire after Byzantium itself, before withdrawing.
8/5/904, Tuesday (-380,212)
8/4/904, Sunday (-380,242) Easter Sunday.
1/1/904, Sunday
(-380,340)
============================================================================
Tuesday (-380,380)
8/5/903, Sunday (-380,578)
16/4/903, Sunday (-380,599) Easter Sunday.
1/1/903, Saturday
(-380,705)
==========================================================================
25/12/902, Saturday (-380,712)
13/12/902, Monday (-380,724) The Anglo-Saxon men of Kent defeated the
Vikings of East Anglia at the Battle of the Holme.
11/10/902, Monday (-380,787)
9/8/902, Monday (-380,850)
1/8/902. Sunday (-380,858) The Arabs captured Taormina, which completed
their conquest of Sicily from Byzantium.
8/5/902, Saturday (-380,943)
28/3/902, Sunday� (-380,984) Easter Sunday.
1/1/902, Friday
(-381,070)
===========================================================================
8/5/901, Friday (-381,308)
12/4/901, Sunday (-381,334) Easter Sunday
Tuesday (-381,381)
1/1/901, Thursday
(-381,435)
==========================================================================
8/5/900, Thursday (-381,673)
20/4/900, Sunday (-381,691)
Easter Sunday.
8/1/900, Tuesday (-381,794) Coronation of Edward the Elder.
1/1/900, Tuesday
(-381,801) week 54,543
==========================================================================
25/12/899, Tuesday (-381,808)
26/10/899. Friday (-381,868) Death
of King Alfred the Great, succeeded by Edward the Elder. Born in ca.848,
he was sent at the age of 5 to be confirmed by Pope Leo IV. At this time Alfred
had three elder brothers and so was by no means guaranteed to be the future
King of Wessex. Alfred�s two eldest brothers, Aethelbald and Aethelbert, had
short reigns. The third brother, Aethelred, became king in 866. In 868 Aethelred
and Alfred made an unsuccessful attempt to throw the Danes out of Mercia. In
870 numerous battles were fought by Aethelred against the Danes; a Danish
defeat at Englefield, Berkshire, on 31/112/870 was followed by a Danish victory
at Reading on 4/1/871. The Danes lost again at the Battle of Ashdown, near
Compton Beauchamp, Shrivenham, on 8/1/871, but defeated the English on 22/1/871
at Basing, and repeated the Danish victory at Marton, Wiltshire, on 22/3/871.
Aethelred, Alfred�s older brother, died in April 871, and while Alfred was busy
with the funeral the Danes won another victory, and defeated his army once more
at Wilton in May 871.
From then until 876 the Danes were occupied fighting
elsewhere in England but in 876 they returned to Wessex to occupy Wareham and
in 877 managed to take Exeter. Here the Danes were blockaded by Alfred, and a
Danish relief fleet was scattered by storms. Hence the Danes submitted and
withdrew to Mercia. In early January 878 the Danes suddenly attacked King
Alfred�s Christmas celebrations at Chippenham; most were killed but Alfred and
a few men escaped to the fort at Athelney, from where he made preparations for
attacks on the Danes. By May 878 Alfred was ready and he moved out of Athelney,
joined by armed soldiers from Somerset, Wiltshire, and Hampshire. The Danes
also moved out of their camp at Chippenham and the two armies met at Edington
in Wiltshire. The result was a decisive victory for Alfred; the Danes
surrendered, and Guthrum, the Danish King, and 29 of his chief men, submitted
to baptism as Christians. By the Peace
of Wedmore, 878, the Danes were cleared from all of Wessex and from
Mercia west of Watling Street. There were no more Danish attacks on England
until 884 or 885 when a Danish landing in Kent was successfully repelled; this
nevertheless encouraged an uprising by East Anglian Danes. Alfred then managed
to capture London from the Danes.. After a further period of peace, the Danes
on the continent found their position becoming more precarious and in 892 or
893, attempted to colonise, with their women and children, areas of Kent and
the Thames estuary.
8/5/899, Tuesday (-382,039)
8/4/899, Sunday (-382,069)
1/4/899, Sunday (-382,076) Easter Sunday.
1/1/899, Monday
(-382,166)
==============================================================================
898,
Tuesday (-382,382)
8/5/898, Monday (-382,404)
16/4/898, Sunday (-382,426) Easter Sunday.
1/1/898, Sunday
(-382,531)
============================================================================
8/5/897, Sunday (-382,769)
27/3/897, Sunday (-382,811) Easter Sunday.
1/1/897, Saturday (-382,896)
===========================================================================
8/5/896, Saturday (-383,134)
4/4/896, Sunday (-383,168) Easter Sunday
1/1/1896, Thursday
(-382,262)
========================================================================
Tuesday (-383,383)
8/5/895, Thursday (-383,500)
20/4/895, Sunday (-383,518)
Easter Sunday.
1/1/895, Wednesday
(-383,627)
=======================================================================
8/5/894, Wednesday (-383,865)
8/4/894, Monday (-383,895)
31/3/894, Sunday (-383,903) Easter Sunday.
1/1/894, Tuesday
(383,992) week 54,856
========================================================================
8/5/893, Tuesday (-384,230)
8/4/893, Sunday (-384,260) Easter Sunday.
1/1/893, Monday
(-384,357)
========================================================================
Tuesday (-384,384)
8/5/892, Monday (-384,595)
23/4/892, Sunday (-384,610) Easter Sunday.
1/1/892, Saturday
(-384,723)
========================================================================
14/9/891, Tuesday (-384,832)
Pope Stephen V died.
8/5/891, Saturday (-384,961)
4/4/891, Sunday (-384,995) Easter Sunday.
1/1/891, Friday
(-385,088)
=========================================================================
8/5/890, Friday (-385,326)
12/4/890, Sunday (-385,352) Easter Sunday
Tuesday (-385,385)
1/1/890, Thursday
(-385,453)
==========================================================================
8/5/889, Thursday (-385,691)
23/3/889, Sunday (-385,737) Easter Sunday.
1/1/889, Wednesday
(385,818)
============================================================================
8/5/888, Wednesday (-386,056)
7/4/888, Sunday (-386,087) Easter Sunday.
13/1/888,� Saturday (-386,172) With
the death of Charles the Fat, the Frankish kingdom was split again, and this
time permanently. Odo, Count of Paris became King of the Western Franks.
1/1/888, Monday (-386,184)
===============================================================================
Tuesday (-386,386)
8/5/887, Monday (-386,422)
16/4/887, Sunday (-386,444) Easter Sunday.
1/1/887, Sunday
(-386,549)
===============================================================================
25/12/886, Sunday (-386,556)
23/10/886, Sunday (-386,619)
29/8/886, Monday (-386,674) Byzantine Emperor Basil I died after a
19-year reign. He was succeeded by a son of the late Emperor Michael (by
Basil�s widow, Eudocia); he reigned until 912 as Leo VI (The Wise).
21/8/886, Sunday (-386,682)
8/5/886, Sunday (-386,787)
27/3/886, Sunday (-386,829) Easter Sunday.
1/1/886, Saturday
(-386,914)
=================================================================================
25/12/885, Saturday (-386,921)
26/11/885, Friday (-386,950) (France) Paris was attacked by the Northmen but
they failed to take the city, despite a long siege lasting until October 886.
In the end they were bought off by Charles the Fat, with 700 pounds of silver.
They were sent off to ravage Burgundy, then in revolt against Frankish rule.
8/5/885, Saturday (-387,152)
11/4/885, Sunday (-387,179) Easter Sunday
1/1/885, Friday
(-387,279)
=================================================================================
25/12/884, Friday (-387,286)
12/12/884, Saturday (-387,299) King Carloman of France died whilst out
hunting and was succeeded as King of the West Franks by Holy Roman Emperor
Charles III (The Fat), son of the late Louis the German.
Tuesday (-387,387)
8/5/884, Friday (-387,517)
19/4/884, Sunday (-387,536) Easter Sunday.
1/1/884, Wednesday
(-387,645)
==================================================================================
8/5/883, Wednesday (-387,883)
8/4/883, Monday (-387,913)
31/3/883, Sunday (-387,921) Easter Sunday.
1/1/883, Tuesday
(-388,010)
==================================================================================
5/8/882, Sunday (-388,159) Louis III, King of France, died, aged 19.
His brother Carloman succeeded him.
10/7/882, Tuesday (-388,185)
8/5/882, Tuesday (-388,248)
8/4/882, Sunday (-388,278) Easter Sunday.
1/1/882, Monday
(-388,375)
==================================================================================
Tuesday (-388,388)
8/5/881, Monday (-388,613)
23/4/881, Sunday (-388,628) Easter Sunday.
1/1/881, Sunday
(-388,740)
=================================================================================
8/5/880, Sunday (-388,978)
3/4/880, Sunday (-389,013) Easter Sunday
1/1/880, Friday (-389,106)
=================================================================================
8/5/879, Friday (-389,344)
12/4/879, Sunday (-389,370) Easter Sunday
10/4/879, Friday (-389,372) King Louis II (The Stammerer) of France
died at Compeigne, aged 32, after a reign of 18 months. He was succeeded
jointly by his sons, Louis III and Carloman, and divided the kingdom between
them a few months later.
Tuesday (-389,389)
1/1/879, Thursday
(-389,471)
=================================================================================
8/5/878, Thursday (-389,709)
23/3/878, Sunday (-389,755) Easter Sunday.
1/1/878, Wednesday
(-389,836)
=================================================================================
1/12/877, Sunday (-389,867)
1/11/877, Friday (-389,897)
5/10/877, Saturday (-389,924) King Charles the Bald of France died.
8/5/877, Wednesday (-390,074)
7/4/877, Sunday (-390,105) Easter Sunday.
1/4/877, Monday (-390,111)
1/3/877, Friday (-390,142)
1/2/877, Friday (-390,170)
1/1/877, Tuesday
(-390,201) week 55,743
===============================================================================
Tuesday (-390,390)
8/5/876, Tuesday (-390,439)
15/4/876, Sunday (-390,462) Easter Sunday.
1/1/876, Sunday
(-390,567)
=============================================================================
12/8/875, Friday (-290,709) Holy Roman Emperor Louis II died in
Brescia, aged 50.
10/7/875, Sunday (-390,742)
8/5/875, Sunday (-390,805)
27/3/875, Sunday (-390,847) Easter Sunday.
1/1/875, Saturday
(390,932)
==============================================================================
8/5/874, Saturday (-391,170)
11/4/874, Sunday (-391,197) Easter Sunday.
1/1/874, Friday
(-391,297)
===============================================================================
8/5/873, Friday (-391,535)
19/4/873, Sunday (-391,554) Easter Sunday.
1/1/873, Thursday
(-391,662)
=============================================================================
8/5/872, Thursday (-391,900)
30/3/872, Sunday (-391,939) Easter Sunday.
1/1/872, Tuesday
(-392,028)
============================================================================
8/5/871, Tuesday (-392,266)
23/4/871, Monday (-392,281) King Ethelred of Wessex died
in battle against the Danes; he was succeeded by King Alfred.
15/4/871, Sunday (-392,289) Easter
Sunday.
25/3/871, Sunday (-392,310)
22/3/871, Thursday (-392,313)
Battle of Marton (Wiltshire), between the Danes and Wessex.
22/2/871, Thursday (-392,341)
22/1/871, Monday (-392,372)
Battle of Basing, between the Danes and Wessex. King Ethelred of Wessex was
defeated.
8/1/871, Monday (-392,386) Battle of Ashdown, between the Danes and Wessex.
King Ethelred of Wessex defeated the Danes.
4/1/871, Thursday (-392,390) Battle of Reading, between the Danes and
Wessex. King Ethelred of Wessex was defeated.
Tuesday (-392,392)
1/1/871, Monday
(-392,393)
==================================================================================
31/12/870, Sunday (-392,394) Battle of Englefield (Berkshire), between
the Danes and Wessex. King Ethelred of Wessex defeated the Danes.
20/11/870, Monday (-392,435) The Danes murdered Edmund, King of East
Anglia, when he refused to become their subject. He was succeeded by Oswald,
last English King of East Anglia. The Danes moved south west and camped at
Reading, ready to invade Wessex.
8/8/870, Tuesday (-392,539)
The Treaty of Mersen was signed.� Charles
the Bald and his half-brother Louis the German divided the Kingdom of their
nephew Lothair II (died 869) between them.
10/7/870, Monday (-392,568)
8/5/870, Monday (-392,631)
26/3/870, Sunday (-392,674) Easter Sunday.
1/1/870, Sunday
(-392,758)
==================================================================================
8/8/869, Monday (-392,904) Lothair II, King of Lotharingia, died.
28/7/869, Thursday (-392,915)
26/5/869, Thursday (-392,978) An earthquake and tsunami devastated a
large part of the Sanriku� coast near
Sendai, Japan.
8/5/869, Sunday (-392,996)
3/4/869, Sunday (-393,031)
1/1/869, Saturday
(-393,123)
================================================================================
11/5/868. Tuesday (-393,358) The world�s first printed book, the Diamond Sutra, was published in
China. It was found in 1900.
8/5/868, Saturday (-393,361)
18/4/868, Sunday (-393,381) Easter Sunday.
Tuesday (-393,393)
1/1/868, Thursday (-393,489)
===============================================================================
25/12/867, Thursday
(-393,496)
13/11/867, Thursday (-393,538) Pope Nicholas I died.
8/5/867, Thursday (-393,727)
30/3/867, Sunday (-393,766) Easter
Sunday.
1/1/867, Wednesday
(-393,854)
===============================================================================
8/5/866, Wednesday (-394,092)
7/4/866, Sunday (-394,123) Easter Sunday.
1/1/866, Tuesday
(-394,219) week 56,317
================================================================================
Tuesday (-394,394)
8/5/865, Tuesday (-394,457)
22/4/865, Sunday (-394,473) Easter Sunday.
1/1/865, Monday
(-394,584)
===============================================================================
23/7/864, Sunday (-394,746) Edict of Pistres: Charles the Bald ordered
defensive measures against the Vikings.
10/7/864, Monday (-394,759)
8/5/864, Monday (-394,822)
2/4/864, Sunday (-394,858) Easter Sunday.
1/1/864, Saturday
(-394,950)
==============================================================================
8/5/863, Saturday (-395,188)
11/4/863, Sunday (-395,215) Easter Sunday.
1/1/863, Friday
(-395,315)
=============================================================================
Tuesday (-395,395)
8/5/862, Friday (-395,553)
19/4/862, Sunday (-395,572) Easter Sunday.
1/1/862, Thursday
(-395,680)
=============================================================================
11/12/861, Thursday (-395,701) Abbasid Caliph al-Mutawakkil was
assassinated, starting The Anarchy at Samarra.
8/5/861, Thursday (-395,918)
6/4/861, Sunday (-395,950) Easter Sunday.
1/1/861, Wednesday
(-396,045)
=============================================================================
8/5/860, Wednesday (-396,283)
14/4/860, Sunday (-396,307) Easter Sunday
Tuesday (-396,396)
1/1/860, Monday
(-396,411)
===========================================================================
3/6/859. Saturday (-396,623) Edgar,
King of All England, was crowned on Whit Sunday by Dunstan, Archbishop
of Canterbury, in the Saxon Abbey on the site of the present Bath Abbey.
8/5/859, Monday (-396,649)
26/3/859, Sunday (-396,692) Easter Sunday.
1/1/859, Sunday
(-396,776)
================================================================================
13/6/858, Monday (-396,978) Ethelwulf, King of Wessex, died and was
succeeded by his son Ethelbald, who had been his co-ruler for three years and
who married his stepmother Judith.
8/5/858, Sunday (-397,014)
7/4/858, Thursday (-397,045\) Pope Benedict III died.
3/4/858, Sunday (-397,049)
Easter Sunday.
1/1/858, Saturday
(-397,141)
=================================================================================
8/5/857, Saturday (-397,379)
Tuesday (-397,397)
18/4/857, Sunday (-397,399) Easter Sunday.
1/1/857, Friday
(-397,506)
================================================================================
25/12/856, Friday (-397,513)
22/12/856, Tuesday (-397,516) Earthquake in Danghan, Iran, killed
200,000.
8/5/856, Friday (-397,744)
29/3/856, Sunday (-392,785)) Easter Sunday.
1/1/856, Wednesday
(-397,872)
============================================================================
25/12/855, Wednesday (-397,879)
23/10/855, Wednesday (-397,942)
29/9/855, Sunday (-397,966) Holy Roman Emperor Lothair abdicated in Prum
aged 60. He divided his kingdom between his three sons. 33-year-old Louis II
received Italy, which he had already governed since 844, and now ruled until
875. His brother Lothair received Austrasia, which he renamed Lotharingia,
later, Lorraine A third son received Provence and southern Burgundy.
8/5/855, Wednesday (-398,110)
7/4/855, Sunday (-398,141) Easter Sunday.
1/1/855, Tuesday
(-398,237)
==============================================================================
Tuesday (-398,398)
8/5/854, Tuesday (-398,475)
22/4/854, Sunday (-398,491) Easter Sunday.
1/1/854, Monday
(-398,602)
==============================================================================
8/5/853, Monday (-398,840)
2/4/853, Sunday (-398,876) Easter Sunday.
1/1/853, Sunday
(-398,967)
============================================================================
8/5/852, Sunday (-399,205)
10/4/852, Sunday (-399,233) Easter Sunday.
1/1/852, Friday
(-398,333)
=============================================================================
Tuesday (-399,399)
22/8/851, Saturday (-399,465) (France) Battle
of Jengland. Duke Nominoe of Brittany died in 851, and the Frankish Emperor
Charles the Bald took the opportunity to march in with 4,000 armoured Frankish
infantry and 1,000 lightly-armed Saxon foot soldiers. He could have taken
cavalry but chose not to. The new Duke of Brittany, Erispoe, ambushed the
invading force at Jengland as they advanced up the old Roman road from Nantes,
using Breton horsemen who threw javelins at the foot soldiers. They then
withdrew, but any Franks who pursued them were then cut down in disarray. The
Franks retreated on the second day of battle, demoralised by the clandestine
departure of their leader earlier. A few weeks later at the Peace of Angers,
Charles the Bald recognised Erispoe as King of Brittany, with greatly expanded
borders. This
is considered as the birth of the Breton state.
10/7/851, Friday (-399,508)
8/5/851, Friday (-399,571)
8/4/851, Wednesday (-399,601)
22/3/851, Sunday (-399,618) ) Easter Sunday
1/1/851, Thursday
(-399,698))
===============================================================================
8/5/850, Thursday (-399,936)
6/4/850, Sunday (-399,968) Easter Sunday.
5/3/850, Wednesday (-400,000)
1/1/850, Wednesday
(-400,063)
================================================================================
8/5/849, Wednesday (-400,301)
14/4/849, Sunday (-400,325) Easter Sunday
Tuesday (-400,400)
1/1/849, Tuesday
(-400,428) week 57,204
================================================================================
8/5/848, Tuesday (-400,666)
4/4/848,� Wednesday (-400,700)
25/3/848, Sunday (-400,710) Easter Sunday.
1/1/848, Sunday
(-400,794)
==============================================================================
8/5/847, Sunday (-401,032)
10/4/847, Sunday (-401,060) Easter Sunday.
1/1/847, Saturday
(-401,159)
==============================================================================
25/12/846, Saturday (-401,166)
1/11/846, Monday (-401,220) Louis II, King of France, was born.
8/5/846, Saturday (-401,397)
Tuesday (-401,401)
18/4/846, Sunday (-401,417) Easter Sunday.
1/1/846, Friday
(-401,524)
==============================================================================
8/5/845, Friday (-401,762)
29/3/845, Sunday (-402,802) ) Easter Sunday.
28/3/845, �Saturday (-402,803) Siege
of Paris ended when Paris was sacked by a Viking raiding fleet, probably under
Ragnar Lodbrok, who collected a huge ransom in exchange for leaving. The
Vikings also sacked Hamburg and Melun.
1/1/845, Thursday
(-401,889)
==============================================================================
8/5/844, Thursday (-402,127)
13/4/844, Sunday (-402,152) Easter Sunday
1/1/844, Tuesday
(-402,255) week 57,465
==============================================================================
10/8/843, Friday (-402,399) The Treaty of Verdun divided the Holy
Roman Empire into three equal shares� The
imperial crown and central portion from Frisia to Italy went to Lothair.� Louis the German received Germany, and
Charles the Bald, son of Pepin, received France.
Tuesday (-402,402)
10/7/843, Tuesday
(-402,430)
8/5/843, Tuesday (-402,493)
22/4/843, Sunday (-402,509) Easter Sunday.
11/3/843, Sunday (-402,551) Icon veneration was officially restarted at
the cathedral� of Hagia Sofia,
Constantinople.
1/1/843, Monday
(-402,620)
================================================================================
8/5/842, Monday (-402,858)
2/4/842, Sunday (-402,894) Easter Sunday.
1/1/842, Sunday
(-402,985)
===============================================================================
25/6/841, Saturday (-403,175) The Battle of Fontenoy (Carolingian Civil War).
8/5/841, Sunday (-403,223)
16/4/841, Sunday (-403,244) Easter Sunday.
1/1/841, Saturday
(-403,350)
==============================================================================
Tuesday (-403,403)
8/5/840, Saturday (-403,588)
5/5/840, Wednesday (-403,591) One of the sons of Charlemagne, Emperor
Louis of Bavaria, died of fright during a solar eclipse.� His other sons quarrelled, causing the
division of his empire into France, Germany, and Italy, see 10/8/843.
28/3/840, Sunday� (-403,629) Easter Sunday.
1/1/840, Thursday
(-403,716)
=============================================================================
8/5/839, Thursday (-403,954)
6/4/839, Sunday (-403,986) Easter Sunday.
1/1/839, Wednesday
(-403,081)
==============================================================================
8/5/838, Wednesday (-404,319)
14/4/838, Sunday (-404,343) Easter Sunday
Tuesday (-404,404)
1/1/838, Tuesday
(-404,446) week 57,778
=============================================================================
8/5/837, Tuesday (-404,684)
8/4/837, Sunday (-404,714)
1/4/837, Sunday (-404,721) Easter Sunday.
1/1/837, Monday
(-404,811)
============================================================================
8/5/836, Monday (-405,049)
9/4/836, Sunday (-405,078) Easter Sunday.
1/1/836, Saturday
(-405,177)
============================================================================
8/5/835, Saturday (-405,415)
Tuesday (-405,405)
18/4/835, Sunday (-405,435) Easter Sunday.
1/1/835, Friday
(-405,542)
===========================================================================
8/5/834, Friday (-405,780)
5/4/834, Sunday (-405,813) Easter Sunday.
1/1/834, Thursday
(-405,907)
==========================================================================
8/5/833, Thursday (-406,145)
13/4/833, Sunday (-406,170) Easter Sunday
1/1/833, Wednesday
(-406,272)
=========================================================================
Tuesday (-406,406)
8/5/832, Wednesday (-406,510)
24/3/832, Sunday (-406,555) Easter Sunday.
1/1/832, Monday
(-406,638)
========================================================================
8/5/831, Monday (-406,876)
2/4/831, Sunday (-406,912) Easter Sunday.
1/1/831, Sunday
(-407,003)
==========================================================================
8/5/830, Sunday (-407,241)
16/4/830, Sunday (-407,262) Easter Sunday.
1/1/830, Saturday
(-407,368)
==========================================================================
Tuesday (-407,407)
8/5/829, Saturday (-407,606)
28/3/829, Sunday� (-407,647) Easter Sunday.
1/1/829, Friday
(-407,733)
===========================================================================
8/5/828, Friday (-407,971)
5/4/828, Sunday (-408,004)
1/1/828, Wednesday
(-408,099)
===========================================================================
8/5/827, Wednesday (-408,337)
21/4/827, Sunday (-408,354)
Easter Sunday.
Tuesday (-408,408)
1/1/827, Tuesday
(-408,464) week 58,352
============================================================================
8/5/826, Tuesday (-408,702)
8/4/826, Sunday (-408,732)
1/4/826, Sunday (-408,739) Easter Sunday.
1/1/826, Monday
(-408,829)
=============================================================================
8/5/825, Monday (-409,067)
9/4/825, Sunday (-409,096) Easter Sunday.
1/1/825, Sunday
(-409,194)
=============================================================================
Tuesday (-409,409)
8/5/824, Sunday (-409,432)
24/4/824, Sunday (-409,446) Easter Sunday.
1/1/824, Friday
(-409,560)
============================================================================
8/5/823, Friday (-409,798)
5/4/832, Sunday (-409,831) Easter Sunday.
1/1/823, Thursday
(-409,925)
===========================================================================
8/5/822, Thursday (-410,163)
13/4/822, Sunday (-410,188) Easter Sunday
1/1/822, Wednesday
(-410,290)
===========================================================================
Tuesday (-410,410)
8/5/821, Wednesday (-410,528)
24/3/821, Sunday (-410,573) Easter Sunday.
1/1/821, Tuesday
(-410,655) week 58,655
==============================================================================
8/5/820, Tuesday (-410,893)
8/4/820, Sunday (-410,923) Easter Sunday.
1/1/820, Sunday
(-411,021)
==============================================================================
8/5/819, Sunday (-411,259)
16/4/819, Sunday (-411,280) Easter Sunday.
1/1/819, Saturday
(-411,386)
===============================================================================
Tuesday (-411,411)
8/5/818, Saturday (-411,624)
28/3/818, Sunday� (-411,665) Easter Sunday.
1/1/818, Friday
(-411,751)
==============================================================================
8/5/817, Friday (-411,989)
12/4/817, Sunday (-412,015) Easter Sunday
1/1/817, Thursday
(-412,116)
===============================================================================
8/5/816, Thursday (-412,354)
20/4/816, Sunday (-412,372)
Easter Sunday.
Tuesday (-412,412)
1/1/816, Tuesday
(-412,482) week 58,926
==============================================================================
8/5/815, Tuesday (-412,720)
8/4/815, Sunday (-412,750)
1/4/815, Sunday (-412,757) Easter Sunday.
1/1/815, Monday
(-412,847)
==============================================================================
8/5/814, Monday (-413,085)
16/4/814, Sunday (-413,107) Easter Sunday.
28/1/814, Saturday (-413,185) Charlemagne died of pleurisy, aged 71.
1/1/814, Sunday
(-413,212)
===============================================================================
Tuesday (-413,413)
8/5/813, Sunday (-413,450)
27/3/813, Sunday (-413,492) Easter Sunday.
1/1/813, Saturday
(-413,577)
==============================================================================
8/5/812, Saturday (-413,815)
4/4/812, Sunday (-413,849) Easter Sunday.
1/1/812, Thursday
(-413,943)
================================================================================
26/7/811, Saturday (-414,102) (Bulgaria, Roman Empire)
Battle of Pliska. In May 811 Nicephorus and his son Stauracius led a Byzantine
Army into Bulgaria, to curb the rising power of the Bulgarians, which
Constantinople saw as a threat. Tsar Krum was unable to meet such an army head
on and attempted negotiations, but Byzantium spurned this offer, intent on
crushing the Bulgarians. Pliska fell easily to Nicephorus. The Byzantines then
terrorised the region, massacring people, and destroying crops and animals.
Having taught the Bulgarians a lesson, Nicephorus then turned back home. His
route took him through the narrow Verbiza pass, which Nicephorus neglected to
scout out first. The Bulgarians had laid a trap here; they sealed both ends of
the gorge, then fell upon the Byzantines. and on 26 July massacred them at this
point. Only a few returned to Constantinople, and Nicephoirus was killed.
Stauracius had to be carried home, paralysed by a neck wound, and .he died of
this after six months agony.
19/6/811, Thursday (-414,139)
8/5/811, Thursday (-414,181)
13/4/811, Sunday (-414,206) Easter Sunday
1/1/811, Wednesday
(-414,308)
=================================================================================
Tuesday (-414,414)
8/5/810, Wednesday (-414,546)
8/4/810, Monday (-414,576)
31/3/810, Sunday (-414,584) Easter Sunday.
1/1/810, Tuesday
(-414,673) week 59,239
==================================================================================
8/5/809, Tuesday (-414,911)
8/4/809, Sunday (-414,941) Easter Sunday.
9/4/809, Monday (-414,940)
The Bulgars captured Sofia.
1/1/809, Monday
(-415,038)
==================================================================================
8/5/808, Monday (-415,276)
16/4/808, Sunday (-415,298) Easter Sunday.
1/1/808, Saturday
(-415,404)
===================================================================================
Tuesday (-415,415)
8/5/807, Saturday (-415,642)
28/3/807, Sunday� (-415,683) Easter Sunday.
1/1/807, Friday
(-415,769)
==================================================================================
8/5/806, Friday (-416,007)
12/4/806, Sunday (-416,033) Easter Sunday
1/1/806, Thursday
(-416,134)
=================================================================================
8/5/805, Thursday (-416,372)
20/4/805, Sunday (-416,390)
Easter Sunday.
Tuesday (-416,416)
1/1/805, Wednesday
(-416,499)
=================================================================================
19/5/804. Sunday (-416,726) Death of Alcuin, a learned churchman of
the eight century. He was born at Eboracum (York) in 735 and became head of the
Episcopal school of York in 766. Between 781 and 790 Alcuin helped Charlemagne teach church and other knowledge to the
Frankish nobility.
8/5/804, Wednesday (-416,737)
8/4/804, Monday (-416,767)
31/3/804, Sunday (-416,775) Easter Sunday.
1/1/804, Monday
(-416,865)
==================================================================================
8/5/803, Monday (-417,103)
16/4/803, Sunday (-417,125) Easter Sunday.
1/1/803, Sunday
(-417,230)
===============================================================================
Tuesday (-417,417)
8/5/802, Sunday (-417,468)
27/3/802, Sunday (-417,510) Easter Sunday.
1/1/802, Saturday
(-417,595)
===============================================================================
8/5/801, Saturday (-417,833)
4/4/801, Sunday (-417,867) Easter Sunday.
1/1/801, Friday
(-417,960)
===============================================================================
25/12/800, Friday (-418,967) Charlemagne was crowned first Holy Roman
Emperor by Pope Leo III.
8/5/800, Friday (-418,198)
19/4/800, Sunday (-418,217) Easter Sunday.
1/1/800, Wednesday
(-418,326)
Tuesday (-418,418)
8/5/799, Wednesday (-418,564)
8/4/799, Monday (-418,594)
31/3/799, Sunday (-418,602) Easter Sunday.
1/1/799, Tuesday
(-418,691) week 59,813
8/5/798, Tuesday (-418,929)
8/4/798, Sunday (-418,959) Easter Sunday
1/1/798, Monday
(-419,056).�����������������������������
8/5/797, Monday (-419,294)
23/4/797, Sunday (-419,309) Easter Sunday.
1/1/797, Sunday
(-419,421)
===================================================================
25/12/796, Sunday (-419,428)
17/12/796 �Saturday (-419,536) Offa�s
son and successor Egfrith� died and was
succeeded by Cenwulf.
Tuesday (-419,419)
29/7/796. Friday (-419,577) Death of King Offa of Mercia. His kingdom
covered much of England south of a line from the Humber to Preston, and he had
subdued the only other kingdom south of this line, Wessex, (Hampshire to
Cornwall) in 777. on
10/7/796, Sunday
(-419,596)
8/5/796, Sunday (-419,659)
3/4/796, Sunday (-419,694) Easter Sunday.
1/1/796, Friday
(-419,787)
25/12/795. Friday (-419,794) Death
of Pope Adrian I, Pope from 772 to 795. He halted the trend against the
use of images in Church which was taking place in the east of Christendom. In
726 Emperor Leo III of Constantinople had banned the use of religious images in
Christendom. This trend was upheld by a meeting of churchmen in Constantinople
in 730; all visible symbols of Christ, other than the Eucharist, were forbidden
and anyone using icons or statues would be accused of idolatry and paganism.
Leo felt that what were symbols of the divine have become divinities in
themselves, and the seemingly inexorable spread of Islam made Christians wonder
about the power of their images. Leo wanted to strengthen Christianity�s appeal
against Islam, which forbids any portrayal of the human form. Leo was also
concerned about the growing power of
the monasteries, which threatened the divide between church and state.
Tuesday (-420,420)
8/5/795, Friday (-420,025)
12/4/795, Sunday (-420,051) Easter Sunday
1/1/795, Thursday
(-420,152)
8/5/794, Thursday (-420,390)
23/3/794, Sunday (-420,436) Easter Sunday.
8/1/794, Wednesday (-420,510) Vikings again raided Lindisfarne.
1/1/794, Wednesday
(-420,517)
================================================================================
8/6/793. Saturday (-420,724) Vikings raided the monastery at
Lindisfarne, killing many of the monks.
8/5/793, Wednesday (-420,755)
7/4/793, Sunday (-420,786) Easter Sunday.
1/1/793, Tuesday
(-420,882) week 60,126
8/5/792, Tuesday (-421,120)
15/4/792, Sunday (-421,143)
Easter Sunday.
1/1/792, Sunday (-421,248)
Tuesday (-421,421)
8/5/791, Sunday (-421,486)
27/3/791, Sunday (-421,528) Easter Sunday.
1/1/791, Saturday
(-421,613)
==================================================================================
8/5/790, Saturday (-421,851)
11/4/790, Sunday (-421,878) Easter Sunday.
1/1/790, Friday
(-421,978)
8/5/789, Friday (-422,216)
19/4/789, Sunday (-422,235) Easter Sunday.
1/1/789, Thursday
(-422,343)
Tuesday (-422,422)
8/5/788, Thursday (-422,581)
30/3/788, Sunday (-422,621) Easter Sunday.
1/1/788, Tuesday
(-422,709) week 60,387
=================================================================================
8/5/787, Tuesday (-422,947)
8/4/787, Sunday (-422,977) Easter Sunday.
1/1/787, Monday
(-423,074)
8/5/786, Monday (-423,312)
23/4/786, Sunday (-423,327) Easter Sunday.
Tuesday (-423,423)
1/1/786, Sunday
(-423,439)
8/5/785, Sunday (-423,677)
3/4/785, Sunday (-423,712)
Easter Sunday.
1/1/785, Saturday
(-423,804)
8/5/784, Saturday (-424,042)
11/4/784, Sunday (-424,069) Easter Sunday.
1/1/784, Thursday
(-424,170)
8/5/783, Thursday (-424,408)
Tuesday (-424,424)
23/3/783, Sunday (-424,454) Easter Sunday.
1/1/783, Wednesday
(-424,535)
===============================================================================
8/5/782, Wednesday (-424,773)
7/4/782, Sunday (-424,804) Easter Sunday.
1/1/782, Tuesday
(-424,900) week 60,700
8/5/781, Tuesday (-425,138)
15/4/781, Sunday (-425,161)
Easter Sunday.
1/1/781, Monday (-425,265)
Tuesday (-425,425)
8/5/780, Monday (-425,503)
26/3/780, Sunday (-425,546) Easter Sunday.
1/1/780, Saturday (-425,631)
===============================================================================
8/5/779, Saturday (-425,869)
11/4/779, Sunday (-425,896) Easter Sunday.
1/1/779, Friday
(-425,996)
15/8/778. Saturday (-426,135) Roland (Count Hruodland), a loyal ally of
King Charles of the Franks, or Charlemagne, was killed in the Pyrenees in an
ambush by the Basques. The Basques were never conquered even by the Romans.
Roland was returning to France after a successful campaign against the Arabs in
Spain.
10/7/778, Friday (-426,171)
8/5/778, Friday (-426,234)
19/4/778, Sunday (-426,253) Easter Sunday.
1/1/778, Thursday
(-426,361)
Tuesday (-426,426)
8/5/777, Thursday (-426,599)
30/3/777, Sunday (-426,638) Easter Sunday.
1/1/777, Wednesday
(-426,726)
===============================================================================
776,
8/5/776, Wednesday (-426,964)
14/4/776, Sunday (-426,988) Easter Sunday
1/1/776, Monday
(-427,092)
8/5/775, Monday (-427,330)
26/3/775, Sunday (-427,373) Easter Sunday.
Tuesday (-427,427)
1/1/775, Sunday
(-427,457)
==============================================================================
774,
8/5/774, Sunday (-427,695)
3/4/774, Sunday (-427,730) Easter Sunday.
1/1/774, Saturday
(-427,822)
8/5/773, Saturday (-428,060)
18/4/773, Sunday (-428,080) Easter Sunday.
1/1/773, Friday
(-428,187)
8/5/772, Friday (-428,425)
Tuesday (-428,428)
29/3/772, Sunday (-428,465) Easter Sunday.
1/1/772, Wednesday
(-428,553)
==============================================================================
771,
25/12/771, Wednesday (-428,560)
4/12/771, Wednesday (-428,581)
Carloman I, King of the Franks, died, leaving his brother Charlemagne king of
the now complete Frankish kingdom.
8/5/771, Wednesday (-428,791)
7/4/771, Sunday (-428,822)
1/1/771, Tuesday
(-428,918)
8/5/770, Tuesday (-429,156)
22/4/770, Sunday (-429,172) Easter Sunday.
1/1/770, Monday
(-429,283)
Tuesday (-429,429)
8/5/769, Monday (-429,521)
2/4/769, Sunday (-429,557) Easter Sunday
1/1/769, Sunday
(-429,648)
==============================================================================
25/12/768, Sunday (-429,655)
23/10/768, Sunday (-429,718)
24/9/768, Monday (-429,747) Pepin III, King of the Franks, died.
8/5/768, Sunday (-429,886)
10/4/768, Sunday (-429,914) Easter Sunday.
1/1/768, Friday
(-430,014)
==============================================================================
28/6/767, Sunday (-430,201) Pope Paul I died.
8/5/767, Friday (-430,252)
19/4/767, Sunday (-430,271) Easter Sunday.
1/1/767, Thursday
(-430,379)
Tuesday (-430,430)
8/5/766, Thursday (-430,617)
6/4/766, Sunday (-430,649) Easter Sunday.
1/1/766, Wednesday
(-430,744)
8/5/765, Wednesday (-430,982)
14/4/765, Sunday (-431,006) Easter Sunday
22/3/765, Friday (-431,029) The Sixth Imam was killed, poisoned by
Caliph al-Mansur.
1/1/765, Tuesday
(-431,109) week 61,587
==============================================================================
8/5/764, Tuesday (-431,347)
25/3/764, Sunday (-431,391) Easter Sunday.
Tuesday (-431,431)
1/1/764, Sunday
(-431,475)
=============================================================================
25/12/763, Sunday
(-431,482)
18/11/763, Thursday (-431,520) Forces of the Tibetan Empire under
Trisong Detsan occupied the Tang Chinese capital Chang�an for 16 days.
8/5/763, Sunday (-431,713)
3/4/763, Sunday (-431,748) Easter Sunday.
1/1/763, Saturday
(-431,840)
==============================================================================
30/7/762, Friday (-431,995) The city of Baghdad was founded by Caliph
al-Mansur. The city was completed in 766, by 100,000 labourers; it was circular and
1.5 miles in diameter.
10/7/762, Saturday (-432,015)
8/5/762, Saturday (-432,078)
18/4/762, Sunday (-432,098) Easter Sunday.
1/1/762, Friday
(-432,205)
Tuesday (-432,432)
8/5/761, Friday (-432,443)
29/3/761, Sunday (-432,483) Easter Sunday.
1/1/761, Thursday
(-432,570)
=============================================================================
8/5/760, Thursday (-432,808)
6/4/760, Sunday (-432,840) Easter Sunday.
1/1/760, Tuesday
(-432,936) week 61,848
8/5/759, Tuesday (-433,174)
22/4/759, Sunday (-433,190) Easter Sunday.
1/1/759, Monday
(-433,301)
Tuesday (-433,433)
8/5/758, Monday (-433,539)
2/4/1758, Sunday (-433,575) Easter Sunday.
1/1/758, Sunday
(-433,666)
==========================================================================
29/5/757, Sunday (-433,883)
Pope Paul I acceded. He succeeded Pope Stephen II.
8/5/757, Sunday (-433,904)
26/4/757, Tuesday (-433,916)
The second Pope Stephen II died (see 26/3/752).
10/4/757, Sunday (-433,932) Easter Sunday.
9/3/757, Wednesday (-433,964)
A major earthquake struck Palestine and Syria.
1/1/757, Saturday (-434,031)
8/5/756, Saturday (-434,269)