Chronography of events from 1 Janury 700 to 31 December 1199
Page last modified 25 January
2023
(-9999) = Day count to end of World War Two in Europe (day zero = Tuesday). Easter Sundays derived from https://www.staff.science.uu.nl/~gent0113/easter/easter_text2b.htm
For dates from 1 January 1200 click here
1 January 1200, Saturday (-272,226)
==================================================================================
27 May 1199, Thursday (-272,445) (Britain,
France) King John became King of England,
also the Angevin lands in France.
18 April 1199, Sunday (-272,484) Easter Sunday.
6 April 1199. Tuesday (-272,496) Richard I, Richard Lionheart, died, killed by an arrow in battle whilst
besieging Chaluz Castle.
1 January 1199, Friday (-272,591)
==================================================================================
10 December 1198, Thursday
(-272,613) (Islam)
Abu al Walid, also known as Averroes, Arab philosopher, died in Marrakesh,
Morocco.
9 June 1198, Tuesday
(-272,797) Otto of Brunswick was
crowned King of Germany and Holy Roman Emperor, Otto IV.
17 May 1198, Sunday
(-272,820) Frederick, infant son of Holy Roman Emperor Henry VI, was
crowned King of Sicily.
29 April 1198, Wednesday
(-272,838)
29 March 1198, Sunday (-272,869) Easter Sunday.
8 January 1198. Thursday (-272,949) (1) Pope
Celestine III died.
(2) On his election as Pope, Innocent
III called for a new Crusade.
1 January 1198, Thursday
(-272,956)
=================================================================================
1 October 1197, Monday
(-272,987)
28 September 1197, Friday
(-272,990) Holy Roman Emperor Henry VI died. Civil war broke out between
Henry�s brother Philip of Swabia and Otto IV, son of Henry the Lion, Duke of
Saxony.
6 April 1197, Sunday (-273,226) Easter Sunday
1 January 1197, Wednesday (-273,321)
================================================================================
25
December 1196, Wednesday (-273,328)
(Germany) Frederick II, son of Henry VI, was elected King of the Romans
17
November 1196, Sunday (-273,366) (Germany) Pope
Celestine rejected the suggestion by Holy Roman Emperor Henry VI that the
office of Holy Roman Emperor should be hereditary, not elective.
21
April 1196, Sunday (-273,576) Easter Sunday.
1
January 1196, Monday (-273,687)
================================================================================
6
August 1195, Sunday (-273,835) Henry
the Lion, Duke of Saxony, died.
18
July 1195, Tuesday (-273,854) (Spain) The Almohads won a� major victory over Christian forces at Alarcos. However they had to deal with
internal dissentions and were unable to follow up this victory.
8
April 1195, Saturday (-273,955) Emperor
Isaac II Angelus was deposed whilst on a hunting trip by his brother Alexius.
Alexius now became Emperor Alexius III Angelus; he captured Isaac at Satgira,
Macedonia, and blinded him.
2 April 1195, Sunday
(-273,961) Easter Sunday. Holy Roman Emperor Henry IV proclaimed a Crusade at Bari.
1 January 1195, Sunday
(-274,052)
====================================================================================
26 December 1194, Monday
(-274,058) (Germany) Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor, was
born at Iesi, Italy.
25 December 1194, Sunday
(-274,059) Holy Roman Emperor Henry VI was crowned King of Sicily and
Naples.
20 November 1194, Sunday
(-274,094) Holy Roman Emperor Henry IV, who had already conquered� southern Italy, now took Palermo and gained
control of Sicily.
27 June 1194, Monday
(-274,240)
10 June 1194, Friday (-274,257)
Chartres Cathedral, France, burnt down.
25 April 1194, Monday
(-274,303) (Italy) Eccelino da Romano,
Ghibelline leader and supporter of Frederick II, was born (died 7 October 1259).
17 April 1194, Sunday
(-274,311) Second coronation of Richard I of England, a ceremony he
arranged after his return from the Crusades, following John�s attempt to usurp
the throne, to re-establish his authority.
10 April 1194, Sunday (-274,318) Easter Sunday.
26 March 1194, Saturday (-274,333)
Richard captured Nottingham Castle � the cause of his brother, John was lost.
3 March 1194, Thursday
(-274,356) King Richard I of England began to build an anti-French
coalition to combat the aspirations of his brother John and his French allies.
1 January 1194, Saturday
(-274,417)
=================================================================================
29 June 1193, Tuesday
(-274,603) King Richard I of England was released by Holy Roman Emperor
Henry IV, to whom Leopold of Austria had passed him. Richard became Henry I�s
vassal.
27 April 1193, Tuesday
(-274,666)
28 March 1193, Sunday (-274,696)
Easter Sunday.
4 March 1193. Thursday
(-274,720) Saladdin, Sultan of
Egypt, died. See 2 November 1192.
1 January 1193, Friday
(-274,782)
==================================================================================
25 December 1192, Friday
(-274,789)
11 December 1192, Friday
(-274,803) Returning from the Crusades, King Richard I of England was
captured near Vienna by Leopold, Duke of Austria. Richard�s brother John, who
had pretensions to the throne, now allied with Philip I of France.
2 November 1192. Monday (-274,842) Peace was concluded between Richard
I (Lionheart) of England and Saladin
of Jerusalem (see 2 December 1187). The Crusades never achieved their objective
of liberating the Holy Land from the Muslims but because they caused the death
of so many noblemen the system of serfdom
and landholding in Europe was gradually dismantled. Feudalism gradually ended over the period 1300 to the Thirty Year�s War,
1618-48.
2
September 1192, Wednesday (-274,903)
5
August 1192, Wednesday (-274,931) (Christian) Final battle of the
Third Crusade, at Jaffa. After victory at Arsuf, Richard I had spent months
capturing castles and winning minor fights, but never managed to attain his
ultimate objective of gaining Jerusalem. In late July 1192 he was in Acre,
planning his return trip to England when Saladin unexpectedly attacked Jaffa.
Saladin took the town but not the citadel, Richard I arrived at Jaffa by sea
and managed to drive the Muslims away from Jaffa. Saladin and Richard I then
opened peace negotiations. The end result was a deal that left the Christians
with just a narrow coastal strip in the Holy Land, but did at least ensure
their presence there for another century.
28
April 1192, Tuesday
(-275,030) Conrad of Montferrat, Crusader King of Jerusalem, died.
5 April 1192, Sunday
(-275,053) Easter Sunday. Guy de Lusignan, King of Jerusalem, was deposed
and succeeded by Conrad, Marquis of Montferrat. Guy received Cyprus as
compensation.
1 January 1192, Wednesday
(-275,148)
=================================================================================
6 September 1191, Friday
(-275,265) (Christian) Richard I defeated the Saracens at
the Battle of Arsouf, then marched
on Jaffa.
4 July 1191, Thursday
(-275,329) (Christian) Crusaders under Richard I captured
Acre from Saladdin, during the Third Crusade.
12 May 1191, Sunday
(-275,382) Berengaria, wife of King Richard I of England, was crowned Queen
at St George�s Chapel, Limassol, Cyprus.
15 April 1191, Monday
(-275,409) Pope Celestine III crowned Henry IV as Holy Roman Emperor.
14 April 1191, Sunday (-275,410) Easter Sunday
8 February 1191, Friday (-275,475)
Yaroslav II, Grand Prince of Vladimir, was born.
1 January 1191, Tuesday
(-275,513) week
39,539
===================================================================================
4 July 1190, Wednesday
(-275,694) Richard I set out on a
Crusade, leaving his younger brother John in Europe.
21 June 1190, Thursday
(-275,707) The German Crusaders arrived in Antioch.
10 June 1190. Sunday (-275,718) Holy Roman Emperor Frederick
I (Barbarossa) drowned in the River Saleph (now, Goksu) on his way to the Holy
Land in the Third Crusade. He was succeeded by his son Henry IV.
18 May 1190, Friday
(-275,741) Holy Roman Emperor Frederick I advanced into Konya, capital of
Rum, western Turkey.
8 May 1190. Tuesday (-275,751) After some six months of
increasing persecution, 500 Jews were
massacred in York after they had taken refuge in the Castle there. The
Jews were killed by groups of young men after a three day siege before these
men were due to depart on a Crusade, backed by people who were deeply in debt
to Jewish moneylenders. King Richard I,
crowned on 2 September 189, showed his dislike of the Jews� by forbidding any to attend his coronation
feast, and anti-Semitism was on the rise in England from then.
25 March 1190, Sunday (-275,795) Easter Sunday.
1 January 1190, Monday (-275,878)
===================================================================================
25 December 1189,�
Monday (-275,885)
12 December 1189, Tuesday
(-275,898) King Richard I of England left on the Crusade.
18 November 1189, Saturday
(-275,922) William II, King of Sicily, died. His cousin, Tancred, Count of
Lecce, seized the throne.
23 October 1189, Monday
(-275,948)
4 October 1189, Wednesday
(-275,967) (Christian) Saladin returned to Acre with a
larger army to relieve the Crusader siege. Both sides lost heavily, and the
siege continued.
15 September 1189, Friday (-275,986) (Christian)
Saladin attempted to relieve the siege of Acre, which was wanted by Guy of
Jerusalem so he could use the port as a base for the expected Third Crusade.
However the Muslim forces were driven off.
3 September 1189. Sunday (-275,998) Richard the Lionheart (Richard I) was crowned King at Westminster,
after his father Henry II, died.
His first act was to free his mother Eleanor of Aquitaine from the Tower of
London where King Henry II imprisoned her 16 years earlier for supporting their
sons, Richard and John, in a rebellion against Henry. Richard was planning a
Third Crusade.
13 August 1189, Sunday (-276, 019) Richard the Lionheart
arrived in England, to a hero�s welcome.
6 July 1189, Thursday (-276,057) King Henry II, King of England, died at Chinon, succeeded by his
third son, Richard I (Lionheart).
11 May 1189, Thursday
(-276,113) (Christian) Holy Roman Emperor
Frederick I Barbarossa departed from Regensburg on the Third Crusade, with
100,000 troops.
9 April 1189, Sunday (-276,145) Easter Sunday.
21 January 1189. Saturday (-276,223)
Henry II of England, with Philip
Augustus and Frederick Barbarossa, assembled troops for a third Crusade.
1 January 1189, Sunday (-276,243)
==================================================================================
17 April 1188, Sunday (-276,502) Easter Sunday.
27 March 1188, Sunday (-276,523) (Germany) Holy Roman Emperor Frederick I
exiled Henry the Lion, Duke of Saxony. However in 10/1189, after the death of
Frederick, Henry returned to Germany and recovered much of Saxony and Holstein.
1 January 1188, Friday (-276,609)
==================================================================================
17 December 1187, Thursday
(-276,624) (Papal Succession) Pope
Gregory VIII died.
2 December 1187. Wednesday
(-276,639) Jerusalem surrendered to Saladin (see 2 November 1192). Saladin was born in 1138, in Tikrit
(Saddam Hussein�s native town) of Kurdish parents and� was educated in Syria. In 1164 he accompanies
his uncle on a military campaign in Egypt. The aim was to substitute Sunni for
Shia Islam there, and also to drive the Crusader
Franks out of the Levant. The
local Syrian leader died in 1174 and Saladin defeated his 11 year old successor
and seized power. The Abbasid Caliph in Baghdad gave Saladin power over all the
lands from Morocco to Syria; Saladin later extended his rule into Mesopotamia.
Saladin also subdued the Assassins, a Muslim sect that had twice tried to kill
him. He now attacked the Crusaders, and on 1 July 1187 captured Tiberias after a six day siege.
After the capture of
Jerusalem by Saladin, the Franks
were almost evicted from the region, holding on only at Antioch,
Tripoli, and Tyre. European states set aside their differences in panic and
three rulers; Richard I of England,
Frederick Barbarossa of Germany, and Philip Augustus of France, set out on a third Crusade. The Crusaders marched on Muslim-held Acre,
Saladin arrived, and there ensued a long battle, control swinging back and
forth. After two years, Acre fell to the Crusaders. Peace negotiations began,
(see 2 November 1192), the end result being a marriage of his daughter with
Saladin�s brother, Al-Malik, who was knighted by Richard. The peace gave the
coast to the Europeans and the interior to the Muslims. In February 1188 Saladin
fell ill with a fever and died 12 days later aged 55.
10 November 1187, Friday
(-276,658) Death of King Godred the Black, King of the Scottish Isles and
Man.
21 October 1187, Saturday
(-276,678) Pope Gregory VIII (173rd Pope) acceded (died 1187).
5 September 1187, Tuesday
(-276,724) Louis VIII, King of France, was born.
4 July 1187, Tuesday
(-276,787) (Christian, Islam) The Battle
of the Horns of Hattin (an extinct volcano crowned with two rocky outcrops).
Saladin�s 20,000 strong army defeated Guy of Lusignan, King of Jerusalem. Guy
de Lusignan had made a tactical error in attempting to relieve Saladin�s siege
of Tiberias. Thirst drove Lusignan�s troops to drink at a nearby lake, where
Saladin then attacked them.
1 May 1187, Friday (-276,854) Battle of Cresson: Saladin
defeated the Crusaders.
29 March 1187, Sunday (-276,887) Easter Sunday.
18 February 1187, Wednesday (-276,946) Gilbert Foliot, writer, and Bishop of
London, died.
1 January 1187, Thursday (-276,974)
=================================================================================
5 September 1186, Friday (-277,092) Marriage of Ermengarde (died 1234) to King
William the Lion of Scotland.
19 August 1186, Tuesday (-277,109) Geoffrey, Duke of Brittany, died (born 23
September 1158)
13 April 1186, Sunday (-277,237) Easter Sunday
27 January 1186, Monday (-277,313) (Germany) Henry VI, son of Holy Roman
Emperor Fredrrick I, married Constance of Sicily. At the triple coronation in
Milan, Frederick was crowned King of Burgundy, Henry as Caesar, and Constance
as Queen of the Germans. The marriage strained relations with Pope Urban III,
who encouraged Archbishop Philip of Cologne to rebel against Frederick. However
in 12/1186 a conference of German Bishops declared in favour of Frederick and
against Urban III.
1 January 1186, Wednesday (-277,339)
==================================================================================
24 December 1185, Tuesday (-277,347)
25 November 1185, Monday (-277,376) Pope Lucius III (171st Pope) died.
23 September 1185, Monday (-277,439)
12/ September 1185, Wednesday (-277,451) Byzantine Emperor Andronicus I Connenus
was killed in a riot in Constantinople. He was succeeded by Isaac II Angelus.
25 May 1185, Saturday (-277,560) (Japan) Battle of Dan no Ura. The Taira clan
had now been almost totally driven out of Japan, in the Genpei War, except for
an island in the west of the Inland Sea. By 1185 the Minamoto had acquired
their own sea expertise. This last battle, fought off the southern tip of
Honshu, resulted in the Taira family mostly committing suicide by jumping off
their boats and drowning, despite initial military success, after they were
betrayed by one of their Generals, who switched sides to the Minamoto
mid-battle.
21
April 1185, Sunday (-277,594) Easter Sunday.
1
January 1185, Tuesday (-277,704) week
39,672
===================================================================================
25 December 1184, Tuesday (-277,711)
4 November 1184, Sunday (-277,762) Pope Lucius III proclaimed the persecution
of heretics. This developed into the Inquisition.
29 October 1184, Monday (-277,768) (Germany) Henry VI, son of Holy Roman
Emperor Frederick I, was engaged to Constance, heiress to the Kingdom of
Sicily.
23 October 1184, Tuesday (-277,774)
1 April 1184, Sunday
(-277,979) Easter Sunday
1 March 1184, Thursday
(-278,010)
1 February 1184, Wednesday
(-278,039)
1 January 1184, Sunday (-278,070)
==================================================================================
1 December 1183, Thursday
(-278,101)
17 November 1183, Thursday
(-278,115) (Japan) Battle of Mizushima. The Taira had
lost central Japan to the Yoshinaka, but had strong bases near the Inland Sea.
Minamoto Yoshinaka sent his General, Yada Yoshiyasu, to attack one of these
bases at Yashima, on the island of Shikoku. The Taira had gained power partly
through their expertise at driving pirates out of the Inland Sea, but the Minamoto
were inexperienced at at sea warfare. Taira Tomomori and Taira Noritsune sailed
out to meet the Mimamoto. Ships were tied together to make an artificial
platform on which both sides fought with swords; the wounded would have been
thrown off and drowned. The Minamoto were defeated and disengaged their ships
and withdrew to the mainland. From now on, raids on Taira bases were conducted
from land.
25 June 1183, Saturday
(-278,260) (Italy) The Peace of Konstanz was
signed between Holy Roman Emperor Frederick I Barbarossa and the Italian
Lombard League.
18 June 1183, Saturday
(-278,267) Saladin, Sultan of Egypt, took Aleppo, |Syria, and on 24 August 1179
made Damascus his capital.
11 June 1183, Saturday (-278,274) Richard I�s elder brother
died. Richard became heir to the English throne, also the Angevin lands,
Normandy and Aquitaine.
17 April 1183, Sunday (-278,329) Easter Sunday.
1 January 1183, Saturday
(-278,435)
=================================================================================
28 March 1182, Sunday (-278,714)
Easter Sunday.
1 March 1182, Monday
(-278,741)
1 February 1182, Monday
(-278,769)
1 January 1182, Friday
(-278,800)
=================================================================================
1 September 1181, Tuesday
(-278,922) (Papal Succession) Pope
Lucius III acceded.
4 August 1181, Tuesday
(-278,950)
2 June 1181, Tuesday
(-279,013) (Japan) Battle of Kurikara. The tide of the
Gempei wars now turned against the Taira.
5 April 1181, Sunday
(-279,071) Easter Sunday
1 January 1181, Thursday
(-279,165).
=================================================================================
18 September 1180, Thursday
(-279,270) Louis VII, King of France, died.
16 September 1180, Tuesday
(-279,272) Frederick also deprived Henry the Lion of his Bavarian lands.
23 June 1180, Monday (-279,357) (Japan) Battle of Uji. Start of the Gempei
Wars (to 1185). This marked the end of Taira domination in Japan and the start
of the Minamoto Shogunate.
20 April 1180, Sunday (-279,421)
Easter Sunday.
13 January 1180, Sunday (-279,519) At a diet at Wurzburg, Bavaria, Holy Roman
Emperor Frederick sentenced Henery the Lion to lose hss Saxon fiefs.
1 January 1180, Tuesday
(-279,531) 39,933 weeks
=================================================================================
1 December 1179, Saturday (-279,562)
1 November 1179, Thursday (-279,592) Louis VII, in declining health, had his
son crowned as King of the Franks, Phillip II. In 1190 Phillip II became the
first monarch to style himself �King of France�.
17 September 1179, Wednesday (-279,677) The poet, also theologian and composer,
Hildegard of Bingen, died.
24 June 1179, Sunday (-279,722) Henry the Lion, Duke of Saxony, was put
under ban of empire when he refused to appear before Holy Roman Emperor
Frederick to answer charges of misgovernment.
3 June 1179, Sunday (-279,743)
1 April 1179, Sunday (-279,806)
Easter Sunday
1 January 1179, Monday
(-279,896)
==================================================================================
30 November 1178, Wednesday
(-279,957) Barbarossa was crowned King of Burgundy at Arles.
18 June 1178, Monday (-280,092) A
violent explosion was seen on the face of the Moon. Later, astronomers
calculated this may have been the meteor that created the crater known as
Giordano Bruno.
10 June 1178, Sunday
(-280,100)
9 April 1178, Sunday (-280,163) Easter Sunday.
1 January 1178, Sunday
(-280,261)
==================================================================================
29 December 1177, Thursday (-280,264) (Christian, Spain) The Order of Alcantara (founded 1156 as the
Order of Saint Julian) received Papal approval. It was a military order of
crusading knights, and played a part in the Reconquista of Spain from the
Muslims.
25 November 1177, Friday (-280,298) King Baldwin of Jerusalem defeated Saladin
at Montgisard.
24 July 1177, Sunday
(-280,422) (Italy)
Holy Roman Emperor Frederick Barbarossa effected a reconciliation with Pope
Alexander III at Venice.
22 May 1177, Sunday
(-280,485)
24 April 1177, Sunday
(-280,513) Easter Sunday.
1 January 1177, Saturday
(-280,626)
==================================================================================
1 November 1176, Monday
(-280,687)
1 October 1176, Friday
(-280,718)
17 September 1176, Friday
(-280,732) Emperor Manuel of Byzantium was defeated by the Muslims, in the
Crusades.�
29 May 1176, Saturday
(-280,843) (Italy) The Battle of Legnano; In
Spring 1176 Holy Roman Emperor Barbarossa was campaigning in Italy, but
withdrawal of support by Henry the Lion, Duke of Saxony and Bavaria,
significantly reduced Barbarossa�s army strength. Meanwhile Milan and the other
cities of the Lombard League had built up their defences. The Italian foot
soldiers maintained a tight formation against Barbarossa�s cavalry, and the horsemen
broke on the foot soldier�s pikes. Then Barbarossa was unhorsed and disappeared
from view; his soldiers believed he had been killed, however he turned up in
Pavia three days later, where they were mourning his death. However the result
was that the Italian city-states gained autonomy from the Holy Roman Emperor,
Frederick Barbarossa. The Lombard League of Italian towns, supported by Pope
Alexander III, objected to Barbarossa�s interference in their internal affairs.
Barbarossa had laid waste to Milan, but was defeated at Legnano, north-west of
Milan, and admitted defeat.
4 April 1176, Sunday
(-280,898) Easter Sunday.
1 January 1176, Thursday
(-280,992)
=================================================================================
6 October 1175, Monday
(-281,079) (Ireland)
At a Council in Windsor, King Henry II and Roderick O�Connor, King of
Connaught, signed the Treaty of Windsor whereby O�Connor continued to rule
Connaught but paid an annual tribute to Henry.
3 October 1175, Friday
(-281,082)
1 August 1175, Friday
(-281,145)
1 July 1175, Tuesday
(-281,176)
29 June 1175, Sunday
(-281,178) King Henry II held a Council at Gloucester, at which oaths of
loyalty were obtained from the Welsh princes.
13 April 1175, Sunday (-281,255) Easter Sunday, Frederick called off his
siege of Alessandria.
1 January 1175, Wednesday
(-281,357)
==================================================================================
29 October 1174, Tuesday
(-281,421) Holy Roman Emperor Frederick, on his 5th Italian campaign, began
a siege of Alessandria, northern Italy.
30 September 1174, Monday
(-281,450) King Henry II of England made peace with his rebellious sons,
Henry, Richard, Geoffrey and John, after an allocation of territories to them
by Henry II caused dissent in 1173.
5 September 1174, Thursday (-281,475) Fire
gutted the Choir of Canterbury Cathedral. It was rebuilt using the pointed
arch, the first known use of this type of arch in England.
1 August 1174, Thursday (-281,510)
12 July 1174, Friday
(-281,530) King Henry II of England performed public penance at Canterbury
for the murder of Thomas Becket.
15 May 1174, Wednesday
(-281,588) (Egypt) The Syrian Atabeg, Nur ad Din, died. Saladin, ruling in
Egypt, declared independence and seized Damascus.
24 March 1174, �Sunday (-281,640) )
Easter Sunday.
1 January 1174, Tuesday
(-281,722)
==================================================================================
8 August 1173, Wednesday
(-281,868) The construction of what is now known as the Leaning Tower of
Pisa began.
1 August 1173, Wednesday
(-281,875)
8 April 1173, Sunday
(-281,990) Easter Sunday.
1 January 1173, Monday
(-281,087)
==================================================================================
1 August 1172, Tuesday
(-282,240)
16 April 1172, Sunday (-282,347) Easter Sunday.
1 January 1172, Saturday
(-282,453)
===================================================================================
25 December 1171, Saturday (-282,460)
23 October 1171, Saturday (-282,523)
17 October 1171, Sunday
(-282,529) King Henry landed near Waterford, Ireland.� Ireland submitted peacefully to English rule.
13 September 1171, Monday
(-282,573) The last Fatimid Caliph of Egypt, al Adid, died. Egypt was now
nominally subject to the Caliph of Baghdad, and Saladin was effective ruler.
1 August 1171, Sunday
(-281,606)
28 March 1171, Sunday (-282,732)
Easter Sunday.
1 January 1171, Friday
(-282,818)
===================================================================================
29 December 1170. Tuesday
(-282,821) The murder
of Thomas Becket, 40th Archbishop of Canterbury, by four
knights in his own Cathedral. The knights (Reginald Fitzurse,
William de Tracy, Hugh de Merville, and Richard de Breton) believed they were
acting on King Henry II�s orders. Becket, far from being the docile cleric
Henry believed him to be on appointing him as Archbishop of Canterbury, was a
firm upholder of ecclesiastical privileges. Henry, furious at Becket�s
excommunication of the six bishops who had assisted the Archbishop of York at
the crowning of Henry II�s son in Westminster Abbey, uttered the fatal cry.
�Who will rid me of this turbulent priest�. The four knights gave Henry his
answer.
2 December 1170, Wednesday (-282,848) Thomas
Beckett returned to Canterbury from his voluntary exile. He had left England on
2 November 1164.
28 November 1170, Saturday
(-282,852) Owain Gwynedd ap Gruffydd, Welsh King, died.
13 November 1170, Friday
(-282,867) Albrecht �The Bear� of Brandenburg died aged 70, having divided
his lands between his six sons.
1 August 1170, Saturday
(-282,971)
22 July 1170, Wednesday
(-282,981) Thomas Becket and King Henry II were reconciled, at Freteval,
western France.
14 June 1170, Sunday (-283,019)
King Henry II�s son was crowned, not as was custom by the Archbishop of
Canterbury but by the Archbishop of York. This was a major snub to Thomas
Beckett, and against Papal instructions. Henry then made verbal reconciliation
with Beckett, who, impatient to return to England, did so without proper guarantees
of safety.
7 June 1170, Sunday (-283,026)
5 April 1170, Sunday (-283,089) Easter Sunday.
1 January 1170, Thursday (-283,183)
=================================================================================
1 August 1169, Friday (-283,336)
20 April 1169, Sunday (-283,439)
Easter Sunday.
23 March 1169, Sunday (-283,467) (Egypt) Shirguh died of a stomach illness, and
Saladin was appointed by the Caliph as�
his successor.
8 March 1169, Saturday (-283,482) Andrew of Suzdal sacked Kiev, and became
the most powewrful Russian Prince.
4 February 1169, Tuesday
(-283,514) An earthquake with an estimated magnitude of around 7 struck the
eastern coast of Sicily, causing an estimated 15,000 deaths.
6 January 1169, Monday
(-283,543) (Egypt)
Shirguh, who had hastened to Egypt again to counter the new threat from
Almaric, now seized Shawar and executed him some ten days later.
===================================================================================
1 August 1168, Thursday (-283,701)
31 March 1168, Sunday (-283,824)
Easter Sunday.
1 January 1168, Monday
(-283,914)
====================================================================================
24 December 1167, Sunday
(-283,922) King John, sixth and youngest son of Henry II and Eleanor of
Aquitaine, was born in Oxford.
10 September 1167, Sunday
(-284,027) Empress Matilda, daughter of King Henry I of England and mother
of Henry II, died.
1 August 1167, Tuesday (-284,067)
week 40.581
27 April 1167, Thursday (-284,163)
Italians from the cities of Bergamo, Brescia, Cremona, Mantua, Treviso and
Verona arrived at the ruins of Milan to rebuild it. Holy Roman Emperor
Frederick Barbarossa had imposed a non-native ruler, or Podesta, upon it, as he had upon other Italian cities he
controlled, following the surrender of Milan to him after his siege of it in
1158. The taxes imposed upon Milan by the Podesta
were heavy and they revolted. In 1162 Frederick returned to Milan and this time
razed it to the ground, dispersing its inhabitants into the countryside.
Although Frederick went on to capture Rome in 1167, his army was decimated by
malaria and he had to return to Germany for reinforcements. Facing domestic
issues in Germany he could not return south and deal with this act of defiance
in rebuilding Milan. He was unable to re-enter Italy until 1174, by which time
the Lombard League had consolidated and gained control of the central and
eastern Alpine passes. In 1168 the Lombards founded a new city, called
Alessandria in honour of Pope Alexander II, to defend the western frontier.
Alessandria withstood a 6-month siege by Frederick (1174-5) and on 29 May 1176
Frederick was decisively defeated at Legnano.
11 April 1167, Tuesday
(-284,179) (Egypt) Battle of Babain. Shirguh and
his nephew Saladin defeated an alliance of the Franks and Shawar. The Franks
and Shawar then made another attack on Saladin, besieging him in Alexandria,
but after 75 days were compelled to raise this siege. This was because
Shirguh�s forces were threatening Cairo, where a Frankish garrison had been
admitted by Shawar. The Franks and Syrians now agreed to leave Egypt, although
they retained a garrison in Cairo.
9 April 1167, Sunday (-284,181) Easter Sunday.
28 January 1167, Saturday
(284,252) (Jewish)
Abraham ben Meir Ibn Ezra, Jewish scholar, born in Toledo, Spain, ca. 1092,
died.
1 January 1167, Sunday
(-284,279)
================================================================================
1 August 1166, Monday
(-284,432)
29 July 1166, Friday (-284,435)
Henry II, Count of Champagne, was born.
27 May 1166, Friday
(-284,498)
7 May 1166, Saturday
(-284,518) Norman King William I of Sicily died after a 12-year reign. He
was succeeded by his 13-year-old son who reigned as William II until his death
in 1189. William II supported the Papacy and entered a secret agreement with
the Lombardy cities to resist Frederick II Barbarossa (Holy Roman Emperor).
24 April 1166, Sunday
(-284,531) Easter Sunday.
1 January 1166, Saturday
(-284,644)
===================================================================================
24 December 1165, Friday
(-284,652) Coronation of William the Lion of Scotland at Scone Abbey.
9 December 1165, Thursday
(-284,667) Malcolm IV, King of Scotland, died aged 24. He was succeeded by
his 22-year-old brother, William the Lion, who ruled until 1214.
25 November 1165, Thursday
(-284,681) Holy Roman Emperor Frederick I Barbarossa visited Utrecht.
21 August 1165, Saturday (-284,777)
Philip Augustus, King of France, was born.
1 August 1165, Sunday
(-284,797)
4 April 1165, Sunday (-284,916) Easter Sunday.
1 January 1165, Friday
(-285,009)
==================================================================================
2 November 1164, Monday
(-285,069) Thomas Beckett was condemned for contempt of court, and went
into exile in France.
1 August 1164, Saturday
(-285,162)
20 April 1164, Monday
(-285,265) Death of anti-Pope Victor IV.
12 April 1164, Sunday (-285,273) Easter Sunday
30 January 1164, Thursday (-285,346) Matilda, Queen of England, died (born
1102).
1 January 1164, Wednesday
(-285,375)
===============================================================================
1 October 1163, Tuesday (-285,467) The Archbishop of Canterbury, Thomas a
Beckett, rebutted English King Henry II�s demand that clergy be tried in
secular Courts.
1 August 1163, Thursday (-285,528)
24 March 1163, �Sunday (-784,628) Easter
Sunday.
1 January 1163, Tuesday
(-285,740)
=================================================================================
1 August 1162, Wednesday (-285,893)
3 June 1162, Sunday
(-285,952) Thomas Becket was consecrated as Archbishop of Canterbury.
8 April 1162, Sunday
(-286,008) Easter Sunday.
1 January 1162, Monday
(-286,105)
================================================================================
25 December 1161, Monday
(-286,112)
16 November 1161, Wednesday
(-286,152) The Jurchen Jin dynasty planned a seaborne invasion of southern
Song China. Some 70,000 soldiers embarked on transport ships. Their commander,
Zheng Zia, was not intending to undertake a sea battle, a form of warfare which
his horse-borne steppe warriors had no experience. However the invasion fleet
was intercepted by a squadron of Song warships, commanded by Li Bao, in the
islands off the Shandong Peninsula. The Song warships included �tower ships�;
these had a trebuchet to hurl missiles. They also had inflammable gunpowder
missiles that set fire to enemy ships. Many Jurchen soldiers drowned as they leapt
off burning ships, including Zheng Zia.
1 August 1161, Tuesday
(-286,258) week 40,894
18 April 1161, Tuesday
(-286,363) Theobald of Bec,
Archbishop of Canterbury, died.
16 April 1161, Sunday (-286,365) Easter Sunday. King William of
Sicily crushed a rebellion, then marched into Apulia and Calabria, Italy.
7 February 1161, Tuesday
(-286,433) The title �Confessor� was
conferred upon King Edward, by Papal Bull. It signified his adherence to
religious principles in the face of temptation.
1 January 1161, Sunday
(-286,470)
=================================================================================
25 December 1160, Sunday
(-286,477)
26 November 1160, Friday
(-286,507) (Italy)
Holy Roman Emperor Barbarossa captured the Italian city of Crema. Crema was
allied to Milan, a wealthy city which Barbarossa wished to acquire. Arriving at
Crema on 2 July 1159, Barbarossa laid siege, and both sides used barbarous
tactics, tying prisoners to siege towers, even children, so they were killed by
their own side, and hacking prisoners to pieces in front of the enemy. Hunger
eventually forced Crema to surrender; its defenders lives were spared, but the
city was razed to the ground.
1 August 1160, Monday
(-286,623)
27 March 1160, Sunday (-286,750) Easter Sunday.
24 March 1160, Thursday (-286,753) Pope Alexander III excommunicated
Frederick I.
1 January 1160, Friday (-286,836)
================================================================================
1 September 1159. Tuesday
(-286,958) Death of Pope Adrian IV,
elected Pope on 4 December 1154. He was formerly Nicholas Breakspear, and was the only English Pope. In 1155 he authorised
King Henry II of England to invade Ireland and hold it as a hereditary
fief of the Papacy. Breakspear was born at Bedmond Farm in Abbots Langley,
Hertfordshire, around 1100. His father became a monk of St Albans abbey,
presumably after the death of his wife. Nicholas Breakspear also applied to
join the Abbey at age 18 but was refused admission because of too little
schooling. He went abroad as a wandering scholar and finally became a monk in
the Augustinian Abbey of St Rufus in Avignon in 1130. He was elected Abbot in
1137 and came to the notice of the Pope, Eugenius III. The Pope recognised his
qualities and made him a bishop and a cardinal; Breakspear was sent on a trip
to war-torn Scandinavia where he restored peace. After 4 years Breakspear
returned to Rome to find that Eugenius III had died and was succeeded by
Anastasius IV, a man of 90. Within the year Anastasius IV was dead and Nicholas
Breakspear was unanimously elected Pope, taking the name Adrian IV.
1 August 1159, Saturday
(-286,989)
12 April 1159, Sunday (-287,100) Easter Sunday
1 January 1159, Thursday
(-287,201)
=================================================================================
25 December 1158, Thursday (-287,208) Eleanor, wife of King Richard I, was
crowned Queen at Worcester Cathedral.
11 November 1158, Tuesday (-287,252) Holy Roman Emperor Frederick I Barbarossa
declared himself ruler of northern Italy.
23 September 1158, Monday (-287,302) Geoffrey, Duke of Brittany, was born (died
19 August 1186)
22 September 1158, Sunday (-287,303) Otto of Freising, biographer of Frederick I,
died.
20 August 1158, Wednesday (-287,335) Assassination of Ragnald III, Earl of
Orkney.
1 August 1158, Friday (-287,354)
20 April 1158, Sunday (-287,457)
Easter Sunday.
1 January 1158, Wednesday
(-287,566)
=================================================================================
8 September 1157. Sunday (-287,681)
King Richard I was born in
Oxford, third son of Henry II and Eleanor of Aquitaine, and later known as Richard the Lionheart. Although he
reigned for nearly ten years he was only in England twice, for a total of 160
days. He was mostly away on crusades.
1 August 1157, Thursday
(-287,719)
31 March 1157, Sunday (-287,842)
Easter Sunday.
1 January 1157, Tuesday
(-287,931)
=================================================================================
25 December 1156, Tuesday
(-287,938)
21 December 1156, Friday
(-287,942) Assassination of Erlend III, Earl of Orkney.
17 September 1156, Monday
(-288,037) Holy Roman Emperor Frederick I Barbarossa confirmed Austria as a
Duchy by the Priveligium Miuns Decree.
1 August 1156, Wednesday
(-288,084)
15 April 1156, Sunday (-288,192) Easter Sunday.
1 January 1156, Sunday
(-288,297)
================================================================================
1 August 1155, Monday (-288,450)
18 June 1155, Saturday (-288,494) Rioting in Rome as English
born Pope Adrian crowned Frederick Barbarossa as Holy Roman Emperor; 1,000
died.
27 March 1155, Sunday (-288,577) Easter Sunday.
28 February 1155, Monday (-288,604) Henry, son of Henry II, was
born.
1 January 1155, Saturday
(-288,662)
==================================================================================
19 December 1154. Sunday (-288,675) Henry II became King of England, on the death of Stephen on 24
October 1154.
4 December 1154. Saturday (-288,690) Election of Pope Adrian
IV,� (169th Pope). Adrian IV was Nicholas
Breakespear, the only ever English Pope. This followed the death of Pope
Anastasius IV (168th Pope) on 3 December 1154, who was Pope from 9 July 1153.
He was a strict disciplinarian, which led to attempts to defame his character:
he had to appear before Pope Eugene III to clear his character. Adrian IV
settled a dispute with Emperor Frederick I over the See of Magdeburg, and he
granted the Lordship of Ireland to King Henry II of England.
24 October 1154. Sunday (-288,731) King Stephen of England died
at Dover.
1 August 1154, Sunday
(-288,815)
4 April 1154, Sunday
(-288,934) Easter Sunday,
26 February 1154. Monday (-288,968) King Roger II of Sicily died and was succeeded by his son William the
Bald.
1 January 1154, Friday
(-289,027)
=================================================================================
20 August 1153, Thursday
(-289,161) St Bernard, Abbot of Clairvaux, died.
1 August 1153, Saturday
(-289,180)
8 July 1153, Wednesday
(-289,204) Pope Eugene III (167th Pope) died.
24 May 1153, Sunday
(-289,249) King David I (The Saint) of Scotland, died in Carlisle (born ca.
1084, acceded 4/1124). Accession of King Malcolm IV (The Maiden).
19 April 1153, Sunday (-289,284) Easter Sunday.
23 March 1153, Monday (-289,311) The Treaty of Konstanz was signed between
Frederick I Barbarossa, Holy Roman Emperor, and Pope Eugene III.
1 January 1153, Thursday
(-289,392)
=================================================================================
1 August 1152, Friday (-289,545)
16 May 1152, Friday (-289,622) Eleanor of Aquitaine married Henry of
Anjou, bringing a large area of what is now western France under the English
Crown.
30 March 1152, Sunday (-289,669)
Easter Sunday.
21 March 1152, Friday
(-289,678) The marriage of Eleanor of Aquitaine and French King Louis VII
was dissolved.
9 March 1152, Sunday
(-289,690) Frederick Duke of Swabia was crowned at Aix la Chappelle as Holy
Roman Emperor, Frederick Barbarossa, to succeed Conrad III.
4 March 1152, Tuesday
(-289,695) Frederick I Barbarossa was elected Holy Roman Emperor.
15 February 1152, Friday
(-289,713) Conrad III, Holy Roman Emperor, died at Bamberg (see 7 March 1138).
1 January 1152, Tuesday
(-289,758) week
41,394
=================================================================================
7 September 1151, Friday (-289,874)
Geoffrey, Duke of Brittany, died (born 24 August 1113).
1 August 1151, Wednesday
(-289,911)
8 April 1151, Sunday
(-290,026) Easter Sunday.
13 January 1151, Saturday
(-290,111) Suger, Abbot of St Denis, Paris, and Regent for Louis VII, died.
1 January 1151, Monday
(-290,123)
===============================================================================
1 August 1150, Tuesday
(-290,276) week 41,468
16 April 1150, Sunday (-290,383) Easter Sunday.
1 January 1150, Sunday (-290,488)
================================================================================
1 August 1149, Monday (-290,641)
29 June 1149, Wednesday (-290,674) Raymond of Poitiers, Prince of Antioch,
was defeated and killed by Nur ad Din, son of Imad ad Din Zangi. The Second
Crusade ended.
3 April 1149, Sunday
(-290,761) Easter Sunday.
1 January 1149, Saturday
(-290,853)
================================================================================
25 December 1148, Saturday
(-290,860)
2 November 1148, Tuesday
(-290,913) Saint Malachy, Church reformer, died.
1 August 1148, Sunday
(-291,006)
28 July 1148, Wednesday
(-291,010) (Christian) The Crusaders failed
to capture Damascus. The troops of Louis II of France and Conrad III of Germany
suffered considerable losses at the hands of the Turks on the way to the Holy
Land, even before they arrived to join with Baldwin III of Jerusalem. They
arrived at Damascus on 23 July 1148 and occupied the large orchards and fields
west of Damascus, suffering further losses at the hands of the skilled
Damascene archers. Failing to take Damascus from this angle, on 27 July 1148
they moved to the more open ground east of Damascus. The army leaders then
began to argue over the best plan of attack, and who should rule Damascus once
captured; news also broke of a large Muslim army now in Homs under the command
of skilled General Nur-ad-Din. Local Christian lords deserted, taking their men
away, and on 28 July 1144 Louis, Conrad and Baldwin began their own retreat
back to Jerusalem, having accomplished nothing.
11 April 1148, Sunday (-291,118) Easter Sunday.
1 January 1148, Thursday
(-291,219)
==================================================================================
25 December 1147, Thursday (-291,226)
25 November 1147, Tuesday
(-291,256)
28 October 1147. Tuesday
(-291,284) The Moslems in Lisbon
surrendered peacefully to an allied Christian force under Portugal�s
Alfonso Henriques. The Moslem inhabitants were allowed to depart peacefully.
25 October 1147, Saturday
(-291,287) Battle of Dorylaeum, the Seljuq Turks defeated German Crusaders
under Conrad III.
7 October 1147, Wednesday
(-291,304) Almeria, one of the most important maritime and commercial
centres of al-Andalus, fell into Christian hands after two months of siege.
1 August 1147, Friday
(-291,372)
1 July 1147, Tuesday
(-291,403)
28 June 1147, Saturday
(-291,406) The Second Crusaders, who had earlier gathered at the Devon port
of Dartmouth, now agreed to help Afonso I of Portugal liberate Lisbon from the
Muslims.
20 April 1147, Sunday (-291,475)
Easter Sunday.
1 January 1147, Wednesday
(-291,584)
=================================================================================
25 December 1146, Wednesday (-291,591) King Stephen of England arranged a
third �coronation�; in reality a demonstration of his authority.
1 August 1146, Thursday (-291,737)
31 March 1146, Sunday (-291,860)
Easter Sunday.
1 January 1146, Tuesday
(-291,949) week
41,707
================================================================================
1 August 1145, Wednesday
(-291,102)
15 April 1145, Sunday (-292,210) Easter Sunday.
15 February 1145, Thursday (-292,269) Pope Eugene III (167th Pope) acceded
(died 8 July 1153)
1 February 1145, Thursday (-292,283)
1 January 1145, Monday
(-292,314)
===============================================================================
24 December 1144, Sunday (-292,322) The city of Edessa fell to the Muslims,
sparking the Second Crusade. Zengi had been informed that Count Joscelin of
Edessa had argued with Prince Raymond of Antioch, and had then taken most of
his army to Diyarbakir to interfere in a local dispute there. Therefore Zengi
moved to capture Edessa at this time. Arriving on 28 November 1144, Zengi began
undermining the city walls and battering them with trebuchets. Queen Melisende
of Jerusalem sent a relief force, but Prince Raymond of Antioch refused to
help. On 24 December 1144 a section of Edessa�s walls fell. Zengi separated
local Christians from the foreign ones, then executed the latter. Edessa�s
citadel held out until 26 December 1144, surrendering on condition that their
lives would be spared, just before Joscelin and Melisende�s troops arrived.
These relief troops did hold onto lands west of the Euphrates River. When Pope
Eugene III heard of the fall of Edessa, he called for the Second Crusade to
begin.
1 August 1144, Tuesday (-292,467) week 41,781
26 March 1144, Sunday (-282,595) Easter Sunday.
12 March 1144, Sunday (-292,609) Pope
Lucius II acceded.
1 February 1144, Tuesday (-292,649)
1 January 1144, Saturday
(-292,680)
================================================================================
24 December 1143, Friday (-292,688)
22 October 1143, Friday (-292,751)
24 September 1143, Friday
(-292,779) Pope Innocent II died.
1 August 1143, Sunday
(-292,833)
8 April 1143, Thursday
(-292,948) John II, Byzantine Emperor, was killed accidentally.
4 April 1143, Sunday
(-292,952) Easter Sunday.
1 January 1143, Friday
(-293,045)
=================================================================================
1 August 1142, Saturday
(-293,198)
21 April 1142, Tuesday
(-293,300) (France) French scholar Peter Abelard died at
Chalon sur Saone.
19 April 1142, Sunday (-293,302) Easter Sunday.
1 January 1142, Thursday
(-293,410)
==================================================================================
25 December 1141, Thursday (-293,417) The second coronation of King Stephen of
England. He insisted on this ceremony after his release from prison to
re-establish his authority over the barons.
23 December 1141, Tuesday (-293,419)
1 November 1141, Saturday (-293,
471) Following the death of King Henry I, Matilda his daughter and her
cousin Stephen of Blois were fighting a civil war for the English throne. Rival
barons robbed and burned villages and abbeys.
14 September 1141, Sunday (-293,519) (Britain) The Battle of Winchester; King
Stephen�s release was secured.
12 September 1141, Friday (-293,521)
9 September 1141, Tuesday
(-293,524) Seljuk Sultan Sanjar was defeated at Samarkand by the Kara-Khitai,
who built an empire from China to the River Oxus (now, Amu Darya).
1 August 1141, Friday (-293,563) (Britain) The
siege of Winchester began.
30 March 1141, Sunday (-293,687)
Easter Sunday.
3 March 1141. Monday
(-293,714) Empress Matilda was formally proclaimed Queen of England.
20 February 1141, Thursday (-293,725) (Britain) At the Battle of Lincoln, King Stephen was captured
by Robert, Earl of Gloucester. He had been besieging Lincoln Castle, and was
taken by forces under Earl Robert of Gloucester and Earl Ranulf of Chester.
This left Matilda as de-facto ruler of England.
1 January 1141, Wednesday (-293,775)
==================================================================================
1 August 1140, Thursday
(-293,928)
3 June 1140, Monday
(-293,987) French scholar Peter Abelard was found guilty of heresy.
7 April 1140, Sunday
(-294,044) Easter Sunday.
6 February 1140, Tuesday
(-294,105) Thurstan, Archbishop of York, died.
1 January 1140, Monday
(-294,141)
==============================================================================
30 September 1139, Saturday
(-294,234) Empress Matilda arrived in England, to lead her followers
against Stephen.
1 August 1139, Tuesday
(-294,294) week 42,042
25 July 1139, Tuesday
(-294,301) (Portugal) King Afonso Henriques I
(1110-85) of Portugal defeated the Muslims at Ourique. Portugal. Afonso Henriques attacked
the Muslims, defeating a larger army than his own, but one weakened by internal
divisions. This gained him the support of the Pope. Afonso was now proclaimed
the first King of Portugal.
23 April 1139, Sunday
(-294,394) Easter Sunday.
20 April 1139, Thursday
(-294,397) The Second Lateran Council denounced the religious reformer,
Arnold of Brescia.
1 January 1139, Sunday
(-294,506)
================================================================================
25 December 1138, Sunday
(-294,513)
11 October 1138, Friday
(-294,557) An earthquake in Aleppo, Syria, killed about 230,000 people.
22 August 1138, Monday
(-294,638) At the Battle of The Standard, a Scottish Highland and Pict army
under King David was defeated near Northallerton by English from Yorkshire and
the east Midlands.
1 August 1138, Monday
(-294,659)
3 April 1138, Sunday
(-294,779) Easter Sunday.
7 March 1138, Monday (-294,806)
Conrad III (1093-1152) was again chosen as Holy Roman Emperor (see 18 December 1127).
He was crowned at Aix-la-Chapelle on 13 March 1138, but was still opposed by
Henry the Proud, the powerful Duke of Bavaria and Saxony. Henry the Proud died
in 10/1139, but Conrad still faced opposition from Henry�s brother, Welf. Peace
was finally arranged at Frankfort in 5/1142, with Henry the Lion (son of Henry
the Proud) installed as Duke of Saxony, whilst Bavaria was given to Conrad�s
stepbrother, Henry Jasomirgott, Margrave of Austria, who married Gertrude,
widow of Henry the Proud.
1 January 1138, Saturday
(-294,871)
=================================================================================
25 December 1137, Saturday
(-294,878)
4 December 1137, Saturday
(-294,899) Holy Roman Emperor Lothair II died aged 67.
1 August 1137, Sunday
(-295,024) Louis VI, King of France, died, aged 56. He was succeeded by his
16-year old son, Louis VII.
22 July 1137, Thursday
(-295,034) Louis, son of Louis VI (The Fat) married Eleanor of Aquitaine
11 April 1137, Sunday (-295,136) Easter Sunday.
1 January 1137, Friday
(-295,236)
===============================================================================
15 August 1136, Saturday
(-295,375) Holy Roman Emperor Lothair II invested Henry of Bavaria (Henry
the Proud) as Duke of Saxony.
1 August 1136, Saturday
(-295,389)
22 March 1136, Sunday (-295,521)
Easter Sunday. Matilda,
wife of King Stephen of England, was crowned Queen at Westminster Abbey.
1 March 1136, Sunday
(-295,542)
1 February 1136, Saturday
(-295,571)
1 January 1136, Wednesday
(-295,602)
===============================================================================
25 December 1135, Wednesday
(-295,609)
22 December 1135, Sunday
(-295,612) The coronation of King Stephen took place.
1 December 1135. Sunday
(-295,633) King Henry I died,
aged 66, apparently of a surfeit of lampreys, near Rouen. See 1 November 1141.� His nephew Stephen succeeded him. Henry�s
only son, Robert, had drowned in 1120 and Henry I wanted his daughter Matilda
to succeed him; the barons considered it unfitting for a woman to be monarch and
backed the claim of Stephen, Henry�s nephew.
1 August 1135, Thursday
(-295,755)
7 April 1135, Sunday
(-295,871) Easter Sunday.
30 March 1135, Saturday (-295,879) (Jewish) The
great Jewish teacher Moses ben Maimon (Maimonedes) was born in Cordoba. See 13
December 1204.
1 January 1135, Tuesday (-295,967)
week
42,281
==================================================================================
7 September 1134, Friday (-296,087) King Alfonso I of Aragon and Navarre (acceded
1105) died. He took Saragossa and Tarragona from the
1 August 1134, Wednesday (-296,120)
17 July 1134, Thursday (-296,135) Alfonso, King of Aragon, was defeated by
the Moors at Fraga.
15 April 1134, Sunday (-296,228) Easter Sunday
30 March 1134, Friday (-296,244)
1 January 1134, Monday (-296,332)
==================================================================================
24 August 1133, Thursday
(-296,462) In London, the first Bartholomew�s Day Fair was held. It was
held annually thereafter until 1855.
1 August 1133, Tuesday
(-296,485) week 42,385
4 June 1133, Sunday
(-296,543) Pope innocent II crowned Lothair as Holy Roman Emperor, after he
had campaigned in Italy for Innocent�s claims to the papacy against his rival,
Anacletus II.
26 March 1133, Sunday (-296,613) Easter Sunday.
5 March 1133, Saturday (-296,634) Henry II, first Plantagenet King of England, was born near Le
Mans, eldest son of Geoffrey Count of Anjou and Matilda, daughter of Henry I.
1 January 1133, Sunday
(296,697)
================================================================================
1 August 1132, Monday
(-296,850)
10 April 1132, Sunday (-209,963) Easter Sunday.
1 January 1132, Friday
(-297,063)
================================================================================
25 December 1131, Friday (-297,070)
4 December 1131, Friday (-297,091) (Iran) Omar Khayyan, Persian poet and
mathematician, born 5/15/1048, died at Nishapur.
8 September 1131, Tuesday (-297,178) The English barons pledged allegiance to
Matilda as the heir of King Henry I, after Henry I�s only legitimate son,
William, had drowned.
21 August 1131, Friday (-297,196) Baldwin II, King of Jerusalem, died and was
succeeded by Fulk of Anjou.
1 August 1131, Saturday (-297,216)
9 May 1131, Saturday
(-297,300) �(Christian) Tintern Abbey was
founded.
19 April 1131, Sunday (-297,320) Easter Sunday.
1 January 1131, Thursday
(-297,428)
===============================================================================
25 December 1130. Thursday (-297,435) Norman
King Roger II was crowned King
of Sicily in Palermo Cathedral by the anti-Pope Anacletus, who thereby gained a
powerful supporter for his claim on the Papacy against the Pope Innocent II.
25 October 1130, Saturday
(-297,496) Pope Innocent III dedicated the Abbey Church of Cluny.
1 August 1130, Friday
(-297,581)
30 March 1130, Sunday (-297,705) Easter Sunday.
14 February 1130, Friday (-297,749) Pope Honorius II died.
1 January 1130, Wednesday
(-297,793)
=================================================================================
17 December 1129, Tuesday
(-297,808) (Morocco) Almohad Mahdi Muhammad Ibn Tumart died and was
succeeded by Abd Al Mu�min.
1 August 1129, Thursday
(-297,946)
14 April 1129, Sunday (-298,055) Easter Sunday
1 January 1129, Tuesday
(-298,158) week 42,594
==================================================================================
1 August 1128, Wednesday (-298,311)
29 June 1128, Friday (-298,344) Conrad of Hohenstaufem was crowned King of
Italy.
17 June 1128, Sunday (-298,356) Matilda, daughter of King Henry I of
England, and widow of Holy Roman Emperor Henry V, married Geoffrey Plantagenet
of Anjou (western France). She was also heir to the English throne.
22 April 1128, Sunday
(-298,412) Easter Sunday.
1 January 1128, Sunday
(-298,524)
=================================================================================
18 December 1127, Sunday (-298,538)
Conrad III (1093-1152) was chosen as Holy Roman Emperor, in opposition to
Lothair. He hastily crossed the Alps to be crowned King of Italy at Monza,
6/1128. Whilst being acknowledged as King in northern Italy he was rejected as
King by both rival Popes, Innocent II and Anacletus II. He failed to
consolidate his holdings in Italy, and returned to Germany in 1132, where he
fought with Lothair until 10/1135. He then submitted to Lothair, was pardoned,
and recovered his estates, When Lothair died in 12/1137, Conrad III was again
chosen as Emperor on 7 March 1138.
1 August 1127, Monday
(-298,677)
20 July 1127, Wednesday
(-298,689) William I, Norman Duke of Apulia, died and was succeeded by his
cousin Roger II of Sicily.
19 April 1127, Tuesday
(-298,781) (Christian) Felix of Valois, founder of the monastic
order of Trinitarians (Redemptionists) was born (died 4 November 1212).
3 April 1127, Sunday
(-298,797) Easter Sunday.
1 January 1127, Saturday
(-298,889)
===================================================================================
1 August 1126, Sunday
(-299,042)
11 April 1126, Sunday (-299,154) Easter Sunday.
1 January 1126, Friday
(-299,254)
====================================================================================
1 November 1125, Sunday (-299,315)
4 October 1125, Sunday (-299,343)
(Egypt) Fatik
al Bataihi was seized and imprisoned on the orders of Caliph Amir, who now
became ruler of Egypt. Fatik Al Bataihi had also suffered defeats by the
Franks, losing Tyre to them, and losing his fleet to the Venetians.
30 August 1125, Sunday
(-209,378) The pro-Papal Welf or Gueloh nobles blocked the succession of
Frederick of Swabia to his uncle Henry V,s position as Holy Roman Emperor and
Lothair of Supplinburg, Duke of Saxony, was elected instead. Warfare began
between the Guelphs and the Hohenstaufen family, known as Waiblings of
Ghibbelines, mfrom their castle at Waiblingen.
1 August 1125, Saturday
(-299,407)
23 May 1125, Saturday (-299,477) Holy Roman Emperor Henry V
died at Utrecht. He was succeeded by the 55-yerar-old Lothair, who was crowned
at Aix-la-Chapelle on 13 September 1125.
29 April 1125, Wednesday
(-299,501)
29 March 1125, Sunday (-299,532) Easter Sunday.
1 March 1125, Sunday (-299,560)
1 February 1125, Sunday (-299,588)
1 January 1125, Thursday (-299,619)
====================================================================================
25 December 1124, Thursday (-299,626)
15 December 1124, Monday (-299,636) Pope Honorius II, (163rd Pope), acceded.
27 November 1124. Thursday
(-299,654) Death of King Alexander I of Scotland.. He was born in ca.1078. He founded many abbeys and bishoprics,
among them Incholm and Scone.
1 August 1124, Friday
(-299,772)
7 July 1124, Monday (-299,797) Tyre fell to the Crusaders.
6 April 1124, Sunday (-299,889) Easter Sunday.
2 March 1124, Sunday (-299,924)
Charles The Good, Count of Flanders, was murdered.
1 January 1124, Tuesday
(-299,985) week 42,855
====================================================================================
1 August 1123, Wednesday (-300,138)
5 June 1123. Tuesday (-300,195)
St Bartholomew Hospital, London, was founded.
29 May 1123, Tuesday (-300,202) The Crusaders defeated the Fatimids at
Ibelin, Palestine.
18 April 1123, Wednesday (-300,243) Danishmend Turkish Emir Balak of
Khanzit captured King Baldwin of Jerusalem, and destroyed his army. In June
Balak occupied Aleppo (Syria). Baldwin was released in June 1124 on payment of
a ransom.
15 April 1123, Sunday (-300,246) Easter Sunday
18 March 1123, Sunday
(-300,274) The First Lateran Council began. It condemned simony and the
marriage of priests.
1 January 1123, Monday
(-300,350)
==================================================================================
23 September 1122. Saturday (-300,450) The Diet of Worms. A council was held
at the German town of Worms, to settle a dispute between Church and State that
went back to 1076, when Pope Gregory VII excommunicated King Henry IV of
Germany, seeking to impose papal power over the king. Both Henry IV and his
son, the present King Henry V set up anti-Popes and forced the Pope to flee to
refuge in a monastery. Pope Calixtus� II
and King Henry V agreed at this Diet that the King would not force the election
of Bishops but allow their free election by the Church; in return the King will
be present at the election of Bishops and have some influence over disputes
within the church.
1 August 1122, Tuesday
(-300,503) week 42,929
26 March 1122, Sunday (-300,631) Easter Sunday.
1 January 1122, Sunday
(-300,715)
==================================================================================
25 December 1121, Sunday (-300,722)
27 November 1121, Sunday (-300,750) Muhammad ibn Tumart, leader of the Almohads
of the Atlas Mountains, was recognised as the Mahdi (Guided by God). He began
to conquer the Almoravid territories in NW Africa.
29 September 1121, Thursday (-300,809) In Germany Holy Roman Emperor Henry V
made peace with his opponents.
1 August 1121, Monday (-300,868)
10 April 1121, Sunday (-300,981) Easter Sunday.
1 January 1121, Saturday
(-301,080)
===================================================================================
25 December 1120, Saturday (-301,087)
25 November 1120, Thursday
(-301,117) William Aethelney, son and heir of the English King Henry I,
drowned when his ship hit rocks whilst sailing from Normandy to England.
1 August 1120, Sunday
(-301,233)
18 April 1120, Sunday (-301,338) Easter Sunday.
1 January 1120, Thursday
(-301,446)
====================================================================================
23 December 1119, Tuesday
(-301,455) Pope Calixtus I officialy approved the new Cistercian order
19 September 1119, Friday
(-301,550) Severe earthquake in Gloucestershire & Warwickshire,
England.
1 August 1119, Friday
(-301,599)
28 June 1119, Saturday
(-301,633) The Dashmend Turks under Ghazi defeated a Crusader army at
Antioch. Roger of Salerno, Prince of Antioch, was killed.
30 March 1119, Sunday (-301,723) Easter Sunday.
29 January 1119, Wednesday (-301,783) End of reign of Pope Gelasius II (161st
Pope)
1 January 1119, Wednesday
(-301,811)
=================================================================================
25 December 1118, Wednesday (-301,818)
21 December 1118, Saturday (-301,822) Thomas Beckett was born in Cheapside,
London.
11 December 1118. Wednesday
(-301,832) The Christians captured
Saragossa, Spain, from the Muslims.
15 August 1118, Thursday
(-301,949) Byzantine Emperor Alexius I Comnenus died aged 70 after a
37-year reign. He was succeeded by his 30-year-old son who ruled until 1143 as
John II Comnenus.
1 August 1118, Thursday
(-301,964)
14 April 1118, Sunday (-302,073) Easter Sunday
7 April 1118, Sunday (-302,080) Pope Gelasius excommunicated Holy Roman
Emperor Henry V
2 April 1118, Tuesday (-302,085) Baldwin I, Crusader King of Jerusalem,
died and was succeeded by Baldwin II, Count of Edessa in Syria.
24 January 1118, Thursday (-302,153) Pope Gelasius II (161st Pope) acceded.
1 January 1118, Tuesday
(-302,176) week 43,168
==================================================================================
1 August 1117, Wednesday (-302,329)
16 April 1117, Monday (-302,436) Execution of Magnus I (Saint Magnus), Earl
of Orkney.
25 March 1117, Sunday (-302,458) Easter Sunday.
1 January 1117, Monday
(-302,541)
=================================================================================
1 August 1116, Tuesday (-302,694) week 43,242
2 April 1116, Sunday
(-302,815) Easter Sunday.
1 January 1116, Saturday
(-302,907)
=================================================================================
1 August 1115, Sunday
(-303,060)
7 July 1115, Wednesday
(-303,085) Peter the Hermit, a leader of the First Crusade, died.
18 April 1115, Sunday (-303,165)
Easter Sunday.
1 January 1115, Friday
(303,272)
==================================================================================
1 October 1114, Thursday
(-303,364) Holy Roman Emperor Henry V was defeated by rebels in the
Rhineland.
1 August 1114, Saturday
(-303,425)
29 March 1114, Sunday (-303,550) Easter Sunday.
7 January 1114, Wednesday (-303,631) Holy Roman Emperor Henry V married
Matilda, daughter of King Henry I of England.
1 January 1114, Thursday
(-303,637)
=================================================================================
24 August 1113, Sunday (-303,767) Geoffrey, Duke of Brittany, was born (died 7
September 1151).
1 August 1113, Friday (-303,790)
6 April 1113, Sunday
(-303,907) Easter Sunday.
1 January 1113, Wednesday
(-304,002)
=================================================================================
1 August 1112, Thursday
(-403,155)
21
April 1112, Sunday (-304,257) Easter Sunday.
1 January 1112, Monday (-304,368)
=================================================================================
1
August 1111, Tuesday (-304,521)
week 43,503
2 April 1111, Sunday
(-304,642) Easter Sunday.
4 February 1111, Saturday
(-304,699) Holy Roman Emperor Henry V captured Pope Paschal II and by the
Treaty of Sutri forced him to accede to Henry�s conditions for the settlement
of the investiture controversy. However in 1112 Pope Paschal II reneged on this
agreement, and Henry V was excommunicated at the Synod of Vienne in September
1112. The Church now split into Imperial and Papal factions.
1 January 1111, Sunday
(-304,733)
==================================================================================
25 December 1110, Sunday
(-304,740)
4 December 1110, Sunday
(-304,761) First Crusade, the Crusaders conquered Sidon.
1 August 1110, Monday
(-304,886)
10 April 1110, Sunday (-304,999) Easter Sunday.
1 January 1110, Saturday
(-305,098)
==================================================================================
1 August 1109, Sunday (-305,251)
12 July 1109, Monday (-305,271) Tripoli, in modern-day Lebanon,
surrendered to Baldwin I, King of Jerusalem.
25 April 1109, Sunday
(-305,349) Easter Sunday.
21 April 1109, Wednesday
(-305,353) English theologian Anselm died.
1 January 1109, Friday
(-305,463)
===================================================================================
1 August 1108, Saturday (-305,616)
29 July 1108, Wednesday
(-305,619) King Philip I of France died aged 56, after a reign of nearly 48
years. He was succeeded by his 27-year-old son, who reigned as Louis VI until
1137. Louis VI faced continuel rebellions from rebellious barons, and it took him
24 years to eradicate the bandits who plundered travellers on the roads around
Paris.
5 April 1108, Sunday
(-305,734) Easter Sunday.
1 January 1108, Wednesday
(-305,829)
===================================================================================
1 August 1107, Thursday
(-305,982)
14 April 1107, Sunday (-306,091) Easter Sunday
8 January 1107, Tuesday
(-306,187) King Edgar of Scotland
died and was succeeded by his brother Alexander I.
1 January 1107, Tuesday
(-306,194) week
43,742
====================================================================================
28 September 1106. Friday (-306,289) (Britain, France) King
Henry of England defeated his brother Robert at the Battle of Tinchebrai in France and reunited England and Normandy, divided since William the Conqueror
died, see 5 August 1100 and 9 September 1087.
7 September 1106, Friday
(-306,310)
7 August 1106, Tuesday
(-306,341) Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor, died (born 11 November 1050)
1 August 1106, Wednesday
(-306,347)
29 July 1106, Sunday
(-306,350)
27 May 1106, Sunday
(-306,413)
25 March 1106, Sunday (-306,476) Easter Sunday.
1 March 1106, Thursday (-306,500)
1 February 1106, Thursday (-306,528)
1 January 1106, Monday
(-306,559)
===================================================================================
27 August 1105, Sunday (-306,686) Baldwin I, French Crusader King of
Jerusalem, decisively defeated the Fatimids at the Third Battle of Ramleh.
1 August 1105, Tuesday (-306,712) week 43,816
9 April 1105, Sunday (-306,826) Easter Sunday.
28 February 1105, Tuesday (-306,866))
Raymond IV, Count of Toulouse, died whilst besieging Tripoli in Palestine.
1 January 1105, Sunday
(-306,924)
===================================================================================
1 August 1104, Monday (-307,077)
7 May 1104, Saturday
(-307,163) (Christian) Battle of Harran. The
Crusaders were about to lay siege to Harran to distract the Seljuk forces of
Sokman of Mardin and Jikirmish of Mosul, who were themselves besieging Edessa.
At this point the forces of Sokman and Jikirmish appeared, and drew the
Crusaders under Count Baldwin and Prince Bohemond of Antioch. Jikirmish�s
cavalry charged and inflicted heavy casualties; Baldwin was taken prisoner. He
was freed after paying a ransom, in 1108 and later became King of Jerusalem.
1 January 1104, Friday
(-307,290)
===============================================================================
1 August 1103, Saturday
(-307,443)
27 April 1103, Friday
(-307,539) King Henry I of England exiled Anselm, after he refused to
accept Bishops consecrated by the King.
29 March 1103, Sunday (-307,568) Easter Sunday.
1 January 1103, Thursday (-307,655)
================================================================================
1 August 1102, Friday (-307,808)
28 May 1102, Wednesday (-307,873) Baldwin I defeated the Fatimids at
Jaffa.
17 May 1102, Saturday (-307,884) The Fatimids defeated Baldwin I, French
Crusader King, at Jerusalem.
6 April 1102, Sunday
(-307,925) Easter Sunday.
1 January 1102, Wednesday
(-307,020)
================================================================================
4 September 1101, Wednesday
(-308,139) Baldwin I, King of Jerusalem, defeated the Fatimids at Ramleh.
1 August 1101, Thursday
(-308,173)
23 June 1101, Sunday
(-308,212) Raymond of Toulouse took Ankara with a new Crusader army from
Constantinople. However in 8/1101 his army was destroyed by the Danishmend
Turkish army at Mersivan, Anatolia.
22 June 1101, Saturday
(-308,213) Norman Roger I Guiscard, King of Sicily, died aged 70. He was
succeeded by his 8 year old son, who ruled as Roger 11 from 1112.
21
April 1101, Sunday (-308,275) Easter Sunday.
1 January 1101, Tuesday (-308,385)
===================================================================================
25
December 1100, Tuesday (-308,392) Baldwin
was crowned King of the Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem by Dagobert.
11
November 1100, Sunday (-308,436) Matilda
I, first wife of King Henry I of England, was crowned Queen at Westminster
Abbey
5 August 1100, Sunday
(-308,534) Henry I, youngest son of William the Conqueror aged 31, was
crowned in Westminster Abbey. The rightful heir, older brother Robert, was away
on the First Crusade and not expected to return until 1101. Henry I was
expected to buy him off with territories in Normandy, see 28 September 1101.
2 August 1100. Thursday (-308,537) William
Rufus, (William II), king of England after William the Conqueror, (see 9
September 1087) was killed in the New Forest by an arrow in a hunting accident;
he was allegedly mistaken for a deer. His brother, Henry, who became Henry I,
was crowned on 5 August 1100, succeeded him. Aged 32, he now ruled for 35 years.
18 July 1100, Wednesday
(-308,552) Godfrey de Bouillon, first Crusader king of Jerusalem, died,
aged 39. He had led successful expeditions against the Seljuk Turks as far as
Damascus. He was succeeded by his older brother Baldwin, Count of Flanders, who
ruled until 1118 with the support of Tancred, a Sicilian Norman who was now
Prince of Galilee.
1 April 1100, Sunday
(-308,660) Easter Sunday
1 January 1100. Sunday
(-308,751)
===================================================================================
12 August 1099, Friday
(-308,893) Battle of Ascalon.
Fatimid attack on the Crusaders was defeated by Godfrey.
1 August 1099, Monday
(-308,904)
29
July 1099, Wednesday
(-308,937) Pope Urban II died in Rome.
22 July 1099, Wednesday
(-308,944) Godfrey of Bouillon, a Crusader leader from Boulogne, was
elected Defender of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem, and established the
Kingdom of Jerusalem.
15 July 1099. Wednesday (-308,951) Jerusalem fell to the Crusaders, (see 27 November 1095). 40,000
people, both Jews and Muslims, were slaughtered in two days, an event European
scholar-monks acclaimed as �the greatest event since the Crucifixion�. On 12
August 1099 the Crusaders
defeated Al-Afdal, the Fatimid Vizier of Egypt, at Ascalon. He was bringing an
army to recapture Jerusalem, which the Egyptians had earlier lost to the Turks.
Godfrey of Bouillon was elected King, and established the Kingdom of Jerusalem.
12 June 1099, Sunday
(-308,954)
7 June 1099, Tuesday
(-308,959) The Crusaders arrived at Jerusalem.
10 April 1099, Sunday (-309,017) Easter Sunday.
1 January 1099, Saturday
(-309,116)
=================================================================================
1 August 1098, Sunday
(-309,269) Adhemar de Monteil, Crusader, Bishop of Puy en Velay from 1077,
died during the plague in Antioch.
28 June 1098, Monday
(-309,331) Battle of Orontes.
Supposed discovery within Antioch of the �Holy Lance� � the weapon used to
pierce Jesus�s side at his death. Despite doubts even amongst some Crusaders,
they collectively believed that with possession of this lance they were invincible,
and they sallied out to attack the Muslims. However with determination they
prevailed over the Turks, who fled the battle.
5 June 1098, Saturday
(-309,354) Emir Kerboga�s forces now arrived at Antioch and besieged the
Crusaders there.
3 June 1098, Thursday
(-309,356) The Crusaders took Antioch.
30 May 1098, Sunday
(-309,360)
28 March 1098, Sunday (-309,423)
Easter Sunday.
21 March 1098, Sunday
(-309,430) C�teaux Abbey was founded by the Cistercian Order.
9 February 1098, Tuesday
(-309,442) A second Syrian attempt to relieve Antioch was also driven off
by the Crusaders.
1 January 1098, Friday
(-309,481)
================================================================================
31 December 1097, Thursday
(-309,482) A Syrian army attempting to relieve the Crusader siege of
Amtioch was driven off.
25 December 1097, Friday
(-309,488)
21 October 1097, Wednesday
(-309,553) The Crusaders arrived at Antioch.
1 August 1097, Saturday
(-309,634)
1 July 1097, Wednesday
(-309,665) Battle of Dorylaeum.
Bohemund�s forces were losing to a Turkish attack when Godfrey and Raymond�s
forces attacked the rear of the Turks, turning the result into a Crusader
victory.
24 June 1097, Wednesday (-309,672)
The Crusaders took Nicea.
5 April 1097, Sunday
(-309,752) Easter Sunday.
1 January 1097, Thursday
(-309,846)
================================================================================
23 December 1096, Tuesday (-309,855) Crusader leader Godfrey of Bouillon,
along with his brother� Baldwin, arrived
in Constantinople.
15 August 1096, Friday
(-309,985) The forces of the First
Crusade departed from Europe, to rendezvous at Constantinople.
1 August 1096, Friday
(-309,999) The
Normans completed their conquest of southern Wales.
13 April 1096, Sunday (-310,109) Easter Sunday
1 January 1096, Tuesday
(-310,212) week 44,316
==================================================================================
25 December 1095, Tuesday (-310,219)
27 November 1095. Tuesday (-310,247) Pope Urban II called for a Crusade to the Holy Land. He talked of
how, due to Turkish misrule, it was no longer safe for Christian pilgrims to
visit the holy sites of Jerusalem. The Crusaders
defeated the Turks at Dorylaeum
on 30/6 1097, opening the way to Jerusalem. Jerusalem fell to the Crusaders on 15 July 1099.
19 November 1095, Monday
(-310,255) The Council of Clermont began. The council was called by Pope
Urban II to discuss sending the First Crusade to the Holy Land.
1 August 1095, Wednesday
(-310,365)
29 July 1095, Sunday
(-310,368) (Hungary)
King Ladislas I of Hungary, having conquered Dalmatia and Croatia, introduced
Catholicism, and founded the Bishopric of Zagreb (Agram), died suddenly this
day aged 55 just as he was about to join the upcoming Crusade. Ladislas was succeeded
by his nephew Coloman, son of his late brother Geza; he ruled until 1116.
25 March 1095, Sunday (-310,494) Easter Sunday.
1 January 1095, Monday
(-310,577)
=================================================================================
29 December 1094, Friday (-310,580) Al Munstansir, Caliph of Egypt died; his
North African empire collapsed.
25 December 1094, Monday (-310,584)
30 November 1094, Thursday (-310,609)
12 November 1094, Sunday (-310,627) Duncan II, son of Malcolm III Canmore and his
first wife Ingibiorg, were murdered by his uncle Donald III Ban. In 1072 Duncan
II had been sent as hostage to the court of William I The Conqueror, where he
remained until his father�s death in 1093. Then, with the help of an army
supplied by William II Rufus, he defeated Donald III in May 1094. However
Duncan II was loathed in Scotland for being too pro-Norman/English and so he
was assassinated.
8 October 1094, Sunday
(-310,662) St Marks Basilica in Venice was consecrated.
1 August 1094, Tuesday
(-310,730) week 44,390
17 June 1094. Saturday (-310,775) (Spain) Valencia, Spain, was captured by the
Christians under El Cid from the Arabs; the city surrendered due to
starvation after a 20 month siege. His kingdom now extended over nearly all of
Valencia and Murcia.
11 June 1094, Sunday
(-310,781)
9 April 1094, Sunday (-310,844) Easter Sunday.
1 January 1094, Sunday
(-310,942)
===================================================================================
25 December 1093, Sunday (-310,949)
13 November 1093, Sunday
(-310,991) (Scotland) Malcolm III MacDuncan, King of
Scotland, and his eldest son Edward, were killed at a place now called
Malcolm�s Cross. Malcolm had been besieging Alnwick. His wife Margaret died 4 days later. He was succeeded by
his brother Donald Bane, who ruled until 1097.
11 August 1093, Thursday
(-311,085) Construction of Durham Cathedral in England began.
1 August 1093, Monday
(-311,095)
12 July 1093, Tuesday
(-311,115)
10 May 1093, Tuesday
(-311,178)
17 April 1093, Sunday (-311,201) Easter Sunday.
1 February 1093, Tuesday (-311,276)
1 January 1093, Saturday
(-311,307)
===================================================================================
25 December 1092, Saturday (-311,314)
1 August 1092, Sunday (-311,460)
12 July 1092, Monday (-311,480)
10 May 1092, Monday (-311,543)
6 May 1092, Thursday (-311,547)
Lincoln Cathedral was consecrated (begun 1075).
6 April 1092, Tuesday
(-311,577)
31 March 1092, Wednesday
(-311,583)
28 March 1092, Sunday
(-311,586) Easter Sunday
1 February 1092, Sunday
(-311,642)
1 January 1092, Thursday
(-311,673)
=================================================================================
25 December 1091, Thursday (-311,680)
23 October 1091, Thursday
(-311,743) A severe storm in London destroyed London Bridge along with St
Mary le Bow church. 600 houses were damaged, also the Tower of London.
1 August 1091, Friday
(-311,826)
13 April 1091, Sunday (-311,936) Easter Sunday
1 January 1091, Wednesday
(-312,038)
=================================================================================
1 August 1090, Thursday (-312,191)
21
April 1090, Sunday (-312,293) Easter Sunday.
1 January 1090, Tuesday (-312,403) week 44,629
==================================================================================
11 August 1089, Saturday
(-312,546) A powerful earthquake was recorded in Britain.
1 August 1089, Wednesday
(-312,556)
28 May 1089, Monday
(-312,621) Lanfranc, Archbishop of Canterbury, died.
1 May 1089, Tuesday
(-312,648)
1 April 1089, Sunday
(-312,678) Easter Sunday
1 January 1089, Monday
(-312,768)
===============================================================================
1 August 1088, Tuesday (-312,921)
16 April 1088, Sunday (-313,028) Easter Sunday.
16 April 1088, Sunday (-313,028) Easter Sunday
12 March 1088, Sunday (-313,063)
Odo was elected Pope; he took the name Urban II.
1 January 1088, Saturday
(-313,134)
================================================================================
25 December 1087, Saturday (-313,141)
15 November 1087. Monday
(-313,181) Domesday Book
completed.
15 October 1087, Friday
(-313,212)
26 September 1087, Sunday
(-313,231) The coronation of King William II of England.
16 September 1087, Thursday
(-313,241) Pope Victor III died.
13 September 1087, Monday
(-313,244) John II Komnenos, Byzantine Emperor, was born.
9 September 1087. Thursday
(-313,248) (Britain, France)
William the Conqueror died, aged
60, in Rouen, France, from injuries sustained when his horse stumbled. He had
ridden out to see the ruins of the town of Mantes, having sacked and burnt it
in retaliation for French raids on his territory, but the horse stepped on hot
ashes and jolted. He was succeeded in Normandy by Robert Curthose and in
England by William Rufus, William II, who was crowned on 26 September 1087. See
2 August 1100, and 28 September 1106.
1 August 1087, Sunday
(-313,287)
30 May 1087, Sunday
(-313,350) Emperor Henry IV crowned his son Conrad as King of Germany.
28 March 1087, Sunday� (-313,413) Easter Sunday.
1 January 1087, Friday
(-313,499)
==================================================================================
25 December 1086, Friday (-313,506)
23 October 1086, Friday (-313,569) (Spain) The Almoravids from North Africa invaded
Spain, defeating Alfonso�s army at Zallaqah this day.
1 August 1086, Saturday (-313,652)
5 April 1086, Sunday
(-313,770) Easter Sunday.
1 January 1086, Thursday
(-313,864)
=================================================================================
25 December 1085, Thursday (-313,871)
King William I of England ordered a complete survey of the wealth of the
kingdom, known as the Domesday Book.
23 October 1085, Thursday
(-313,934)
8 October 1085, Wednesday
(-313,949) The Cathedral of St Mark�s in Venice was consecrated.
1 August 1085, Friday
(-314,017)
15 July 1085, Tuesday
(-314,034) (Italy)
Norman Duke Robert Guiscard died, aged 60, of fever after regaining Corfu and
Cephalonia, which his son Bohemund had lost�
Duke Guiscard was succeeded by his 54-year old brother, Roger Guiscard,
who had conquered Sicily, and ruled until 1101.
25 May 1085, Sunday (-314,085) (1) Christian king, Alfonso VI of
Leon, captured Toledo (the old
Visigothic capital) from the Arabs.
(2) Pope Gregory VII died in exile. His
supporters elected Desiderius, Abbott of Monte Casino, as Pope Victor III,
refusing to accept the papacy of Clement III as being a puppet of King Henry IV
of Germany. When Victor III died the cardinals elected Urban II (1086-99) as
Pope, a candidate favoured by Gregory VII himself.
20 April 1085, Sunday (-314,120)
Easter Sunday.
1 January 1085, Wednesday
(-314,229)
==================================================================================
1 August 1084, Thursday (-314,382)
27 May 1084, Monday (-314,448) Pope Gregory VII was still
holding out against the army of Henry IV, a few hundred yards away from the
Basilica, in the Castel Sant Angelo (then known as the House of Cencius).
Gregory appealed for help from the Normans in Sicily. On this day the Normans
entered Rome and escorted Gregory VII to safety in Salerno. The Normans then
pillaged Rome and burnt it to the ground.
31 March 1084, Sunday (-314,505)
Easter Sunday.
24 March 1084, Sunday (-314, 512) Palm Sunday. Henry IV of
Germany, having captured Rome, installed Pope Clement III. In turn Clement III
crowned Henry IV as Emperor on Easter Sunday 1084.
1 January 1084, Monday
(-314,595)
==================================================================================
1 August 1083, Tuesday
(-314,748) week 44,964
9 April 1083, Sunday (-314,862) Easter Sunday.
1 January 1083, Sunday
(-314,960)
==================================================================================
1 August 1082, Monday (-315,113)
24 April 1082, Sunday
(-315,212) Easter Sunday.
1 January 1082, Saturday
(-315,325)
===================================================================================
1 August 1081, Sunday
(-315,478)
4 April 1081, Sunday
(-315,597) Easter Sunday.
8 January 1081, Friday
(-315,683) Henry V, Holy Roman Emperor, was born (died 23 May 1125).
1 January 1081, Friday
(-315,690)
=================================================================================
25 December 1080, Friday
(-315,697)
15 October 1080, Thursday
(-315,768) Rudolf of Swabia was killed in battle, leaving Henry IV as
unchallenged ruler of Germany.
1 August 1080, Saturday
(-315,843)
25 June 1080, Thursday
(-315,880) Clement III, antipope, acceded. He was antipope until 9/1100.
14 June 1080, Sunday
(-315,891)
15 May 1080, Tuesday
(-315,921) Walcher, Bishop of Durham and Earl of Northumberland, was
murdered. King William I continued to consolidate his control of northern
England.
12 April 1080, Sunday (-315,954) Easter Sunday
7 March 1080, Friday
(-315,991) King Henry IV of Germany was excommunicated a second time by
Pope Gregory VII, see 27 January 1080. In response Henry IV summoned an
assembly of bishops to Brixen and declared Pope Gregory VII deposed and
appointed Wilbert, Archbishop of Ravenna, in his place. However not everyone,
even in Germany, accepted the right of Henry IV to judge a Pope �appointed by
God�.
27 January 1080, Monday
(-316,030) King Henry IV of Germany defeated Saxon rebels at Flarchheim.
Emboldened by this, he rejected the mediation efforts of Pope Gregory VII to
settle the rulership dispute between him and Rudolf of Swabia, see 25 October 1077
and 7 March 1080.
1 January 1080, Wednesday
(-316,056)
=================================================================================
1 August 1079, Thursday
(-316,209)
24 March 1079,� Sunday (-316,339) Easter
Sunday.
1 January 1079, Tuesday (-316,421) week 45,203
==================================================================================
1 August 1078, Wednesday (-316,574)
8 April 1078, Sunday
(-316,689) Easter Sunday.
31 March 1078, Saturday
(-316,697) Emperor Michael VII abdicated. He was replaced by a soldier who
began a 3-year reign as Nicephorus III Botaniates.
1 January 1078, Monday
(-316,786)
===================================================================================
1 August 1077, Tuesday (-316,939)
week 45,277
25 April 1077, Tuesday
(-316,037) Hungary�s King Geza died (reigned from 1074). Succeeded� by Ladislas, the 37-year old son of the late
Bela I, who reigned until 1095.
16 April 1077, Sunday (-317,046) Easter Sunday.
13 March 1077, Monday (-317,080) Germans opposed to Henry IV claimed the
throne was elective and nominated Rudolf, Duke of Swabia, as King.
25 January 1077, Wednesday
(-317,127) German King Henry IV, who was losing popular support because of
his excommunication by Pope Gregory VII, arrived at Canossa Castle, northern
Italy, to do penance in reconciliation. He knelt in the snow in a monk�s hair
shirt for three days before the Pope admitted him. �Going to Canossa� became a
saying for reluctant penance, especially in Germany. Henry IV had faced a
rebellion by Saxons, and had to reach Pope Gregory by a roundabout route via
Burgundy and Provence. Pope Gregory VII wanted, politically, to refuse
forgiveness, but as head of the Christian Church he had no choice but to
dispense it. The rebels, feeling betrayed by Gregory VII, rejected the kingship
of Henry IV anyway and elected Rudolf of Swabia in his place. Germany faced
effective civil war. Pope Gregory, to restore his influence over Germany, sent
a Papal Legate northwards in 1079 to settle who was the rightful ruler of
Germany, decreeing that if either Rudolf or Henry rejected the findings of this
legate they would be excommunicated. However see 27 January 1080.
1 January 1077, Sunday
(-317,151)
=================================================================================
25 December 1076, Sunday
(-317,158)
23 October 1976, Sunday
(-317,221)
16 October 1076, Sunday
(-317,228) A conference of German princes loyal to The Pope threatened to
depose Henry IV.
1 August 1076, Monday
(-317,304)
27 March 1076, Sunday (-31`7,431) Easter Sunday.
24 February 1076, Wednesday (-317,463)
24 January 1076, Sunday
(-317,494) German King Henry IV called an assembly of German Bishops to
Worms to complain about the interference of�
Pope Gregory VII (Hildebrand) in the rulership of Milan. Earlier, a
revolutionary faction called the Pataria had usurped Henry IV�s control over
Milan, which included the right to appoint the Archbishop of Milan. Milan was
very strategically important to Henry IV as it controlled the Alpine passes
between Italy and Germany. Pope Gregory VII sided with the rebels against King
Henry IV and insisted that he, Gregory, had the right to appoint the Archbishop
(see 4 March 1075, Dictatus Papae).
The German Bishops signed a letter of protest from Henry IV calling for
Hildebrand �that false monk, who had forsaken the cloisters� (see 22 April 1073)� to resign as Pope and that Henry IV did not
recognise him as Pope. The message caused an uproar in Rome, in fact the
messenger was nearly killed, saved only by the intervention of Hildebrand
himself. Two days later Gregory VII (Hildebrand) excommunicated and nominally
deposed King Henry IV. See 25 January 1077.
1 January 1076, Friday
(-317,517)
==================================================================================
1 August 1075, Saturday
(-317,670)
5 April 1075, Sunday
(-317,788) Easter Sunday.
4 March 1075, Wednesday
(-317,820) Hildebrand issued the Dictatus Papae, 27 short propositions
setting out the powers of the Roman Catholic Church. These propositions, aimed
at curbing the Greek Church and the temporal power of European Kings, included,
(I) that the Roman Catholic Church
was founded by God alone, i.e. it was more than �just� apostolic (III), only the Pope can dismiss or
reinstate Bishops, (XII), the Pope
has the authority to depose Emperors,, (XVI),
That only the Pope had the authority to call Councils (the Greek Church
didn�t), (XIX), The Pope can be
judged by no-one except God himself, (XXII),
The Roman Church has never erred and is in fact infallible,
1 January 1075, Thursday
(-317,882)
=================================================================================
1 August 1074, Friday
(-318,035)
20 April 1074, Sunday (-318,138)
Easter Sunday.
9 March 1074, Wednesday (-318,149) Married priests were excommunicated by
Pope Gregory VII. He also decreed, at the Council of Rome, that all laymen who
received Communion from a married priest should be excommunicated.
Nevertheless, instances of married Catholic priests still occurred down into
the 12th and 13th centuries.
1 January 1074, Wednesday
(-318,247)
==================================================================================
1 August 1073, Thursday (-318,400)
22 April 1073, Monday (-318,501) Hildebrand was elected Pope
Gregory VII. His election was unusual, being accomplished by Roman clergy and
common people, rather than by Cardinals.
21 April 1073, Sunday
(-318,502) Death of Pope Alexander II.
31 March 1073, Sunday (-318,523)
Easter Sunday.
1 January 1073, Tuesday
(-318,612) week
45,516
===================================================================================
25 December 1072, Tuesday
(-318,609)
23 November 1072, Friday
(-318,641) Death of Alp Arslan, Seljuk Sultan
1 August 1072, Wednesday
(-318,765)
8 April 1072, Sunday
(-318,880) Easter Sunday.
22 February 1072, Wednesday
(-318,926) (Christian) Pietro Damiani, ecclesiastic, died.
He was opposed to simony, but reserved his main energies for attacking the
marriage of clergy.
10 January 1072, Tuesday
(-318,969) The Normans under Robert Guiscard conquered Palermo, Sicily.
1 January 1072, Sunday
(-318,978)
=================================================================================
24 October 1071, Monday
(-319,047) Byzantine Emperor Romanus IV was deposed and imprisoned. Michael
VII Ducas succeeded him, and made an appeal for help, in vain, from the Western
Christian kingdoms.
26 August 1071. Friday (-319,106) The
armies of the Byzantine leader Emperor Romanus Diogenes and the Turkish leader
Mohammed Ibn Da�ud clashed at Manzikert
(or, Malazagird), north of Lake Van. The Byzantines had entered Armenia with
the French and Normans, and some Turks from the Uzes tribe, and the Turkish
leader had to abandon a campaign in Syria and hurry north to meet this
invasion. The Turkish cavalry routed the enemy. Ibn Da�ud died on 24 November 1072.
1 August 1071, Monday
(-319,131)
24 April 1071, Sunday
(-319,230) Easter Sunday.
16 April 1071. Saturday (-319,238) Norman,
Robert Guiscard, took Bari after a three year siege. On 10 January 1072 Robert
Guiscard and his brother Roger took Palermo in Sicily.
1 January 1071, Saturday
(-319,343)
=================================================================================
15 August 1070, Sunday
(-319,482) King William I of England dismissed Englishman John Stigand as
SArchbishop of Canterbury and appointed the Norman, Lanfranc, as his
replacement.
1 August 1070, Sunday
(-319,496)
4 June 1070. Friday (-319,554) Roquefort
cheese was created in a cave near Roquefort, France.
4 April 1070, Sunday
(-319,615) Easter Sunday.
1 January 1070, Friday
(-319,708)
================================================================================
28 October 1069. Tuesday
(-319,774) Death of Abbad-al-Motadid, Arab ruler in Spain.
21 September 1069, Sunday
(-319,811) The Norman castle of York was attacked and overran. The
defenders were all killed, except for two castellans and their families, who
were held for ransom. William, who had been hunting in the Forest of Dean,
hurried north yet again. Delayed by heavy rain, he eventually arrived in York to
find it a deserted smouldering ruin. The local rebels had withdrawn, and the
Danes returned to their ships on the Humber, unreachable by William�s soldiers.
William now took decisive action. Having paid off the Danes to go away, he
killed and burned large parts of the population and its villages in the north
of England, in what became known as the Harrying of the North, Large regions of
Lancashire, Yorkshire, Cheshire and Staffordshire were devastated. Thousands
were made homeless or starved.
19 September 1069, Friday
(-319,813) The Norman garrison at York faced further rebellions by
supporters of Edgar Aetheling, assisted by Danish ships under Asbjorn, brother
of King Sweyn II of Denmark. This day the York defenders attempted to improve their
defences by clearing the ground in front of the castle, but succeeded in
starting a fire that badly damaged the city and destroyed St Peter�s Cathedral.
1 August 1069, Saturday
(-319,861)
12 April 1069, Sunday (-319,972) Easter Sunday
1 January 1069, Thursday
(+320,073)
==============================================================================
1 August 1068, Friday (-320,226)
23 March 1068, Sunday (-320,357) Easter Sunday.
1 January 1068, Tuesday
(-320,439) week 45,777
=================================================================================
1 August 1067, Wednesday (-320,592)
8 April 1067, Sunday
(-320,707) Easter Sunday.
1 January 1067, Monday
(320,804)
===============================================================================
25 December 1066. Monday (-320,811) William the Conqueror was
crowned King of England, in Westminster
Abbey.
23
October 1066, Monday (-320,874)
14
October 1066 Saturday (-320,883) Battle of Hastings. William the Conqueror had landed in England,
at Pevensey Bay, seven miles from the Battle site, on 28 September 1066. The English lost partly because
they left their strong position on the crest of a hill, and partly because they
were exhausted by the Battle of Stamford Bridge and the long march south. The
Witan chose Edgar Atheling, grandson of Edmund Ironside, as King. William
circled London and approached from the north. At Berkhamsted, Edgar and other
Saxon nobles met William and offered him the crown. King Edward the Confessor
of England (1003-66, see 5 January 1066) had promised the throne of England to
King William of Normandy upon his death. However in response to a Viking
threat, Edward also promised the throne to the Danish King Svein Estrithsson,
and Harald Hadraada of Norway had also been promised the English throne by an
earlier King. The English nobility preferred a native ruler, Harold of Wessex.
2 October 1066, Monday
(-320,895) News reached Harold of William�s landing at Hastings, and he
began marching south to confront him.
28 September 1066, Thursday
(-320,899) William the Conqueror landed at Hastings.
25 September 1066. Monday
(-320,902) King
Harold defeated the Norwegians under Tostig at the
Battle of Stamford Bridge, near York, unaware that William of
Normandy was about to invade the south coast. Tostig had begun an invasion of
Northumbria.
20 September 1066, Wednesday (-320,907) Harald
Hardraada of Norway and Earl Tostig defeated the northern English Earls Edwin
and Morcar. However the Norwegian forces were weakened so that they lost to
Harold II at Stamford Bridge (25 September 1066). In turn the northern English
forces were so weakened by these two battles that they could not fully assist
Harold at Hastings (14 October 1066).
1 August 1066, Tuesday
(-320,957) week 45,851
16 April 1066, Sunday (-321,064) Easter Sunday.
7 January 1066. Saturday
(-321,163) Harold was crowned King
of England in succession to Edward the Confessor. Ten months later he
died at the Battle of Hastings.
5 January 1066. Thursday
(-321,165) Death of Edward the Confessor, said to be
England�s most pious king.� Leaving no
heir, he recommended Harold as his successor. See 14 October 1066.
1 January 1066, Sunday
(-321,169)
===============================================================================
28 December 1065, Wednesday
(-321,173) Westminster Abbey was
consecrated.
1 August 1065, Monday
(-321,322)
1 July 1065, Friday
(-321,353)
24 June 1065, Friday
(-321,360) Ferdinand I, King of Castile and Leon, died.
8 May 1065, Sunday
(-321,407) In Spain, Ramiro I of Aragon died whilst attacking the Moors.
27 March 1065, Sunday (-321,449) Easter Sunday.
1 January 1065, Saturday
(-321,534)
==============================================================================
1 August 1064, Sunday (-321,687)
11 April 1064, Sunday (-321,799) Easter Sunday.
1 January 1064, Thursday
(-321,900)
==============================================================================
4 October 1063, Saturday (-321,989) Death of Tughril, founder of the Seljuk
Empire.
5 August 1063, Tuesday (-321,049) Gruffydd Ap Llywelyn, Welsh King, died.
1 August 1063, Friday (-322,053)
30 April 1063, Wednesday
(-332,146) Renzong, Emperor of
China, died.
20 April 1063, Sunday (-332,156)
Easter Sunday.
1 January 1063, Wednesday
(-322,265)
==============================================================================
1 August 1062, Thursday (-322,418)
31 March 1062, Sunday (-322,541)
Easter Sunday.
1 January 1062, Tuesday
(-322,630) week
46,090
================================================================================
25 December 1061, Tuesday
(-322,637)
28 October 1061, Sunday
(-322,695) Pope Honorius II, antipope, acceded; ruled until 1072.
23 October 1061, Tuesday
(-322,700)
1 August 1061, Wednesday
(-322,783)
15 April 1061, Sunday (-323,891) Easter Sunday.
1 January 1061, Monday
(-322,995)
==============================================================================
25 December 1060, Monday (-323,002)
14 November 1060, �Tuesday (-323,043) Geoffrey
Martel, Count of Anjou, died (born 14 October 1006)..
4 August 1060, Friday
(-323,145) Henry I, King of France, died after a 29-year reign, aged 52. He
was succeeded by his 8-year-old son who ruled as King Philip� I until 1108.
1 August 1060, Tuesday
(-323,148)
26 March 1060, Sunday (-) Easter Sunday.
1 January 1060, Saturday
(-323,361)
==================================================================================
25 December 1059, Saturday
(-323,368) Byzantine Emperor Isaac I Comnenus abdicated in favour of a
senior financial officer who began an 8-year reign as Constantine X (Dukas).
The new Emperor antagonised the army by shifting resources towards the civil
service, the church and scholars.
23 August 1059, Monday
(-323,492) Pope Nicholas II (1058-61) met with Robert Guiscard, leader of
the Normans of southern Italy, at Melfi, and accepted Robert�s vassalship.
Robert pledged that if Pope Nicholas died before him, he would assist the
Cardinals in the election of a new Pope. In effect, Robert was pledging to
protect the Cardinals from political interference by the Roman nobility. In
return Pope Nicholas bestowed upon Robert the title of Duke of Calabria and
Apulia. This infuriated the (Byzantine) Roman Emperor, who claimed all of Italy
as part of his domain, and insisted that Nicholas could not give away lands he
had no title to.
1 August 1059, Sunday (-323,514)
4 April 1059, Sunday
(-323,633) Easter Sunday.
1 January 1059, Friday
(-323,726)
==================================================================================
25 December 1058, Friday
(-323,733)
28 November 1058, Saturday
(-323,760) Poland�s Grand Duke Casimir died aged 43, having restored
Christianity and regained much of the territory Poland lost with the help of
the late King Henry III of Germany. Casimir was succeeded by his 19-year-old
son who ruled until 1079 as Boleslav II (The Bold).
1 August 1058, Saturday
(-323,879)
25 April 1058, Saturday
(-323,977) Malcolm III, King of Scotland, was crowned at Scone Abbey.
19 April 1058, Sunday (-323,983) Easter Sunday.
5 April 1058, Sunday (-323,997) Pope Benedict X, antipope, acceded (died
1059). Parma Cathedral begun.
29 March 1058, Sunday
(-324,004) Pope Stephen X died.
17 March 1058, Tuesday (-324,016) Lulach,
King of Scots, died and was succeeded by Malcolm III, son of Duncan I.
1 January 1058, Thursday
(-324,091)
==================================================================================
31 August 1057, Sunday
(-324,214) Byzantine Emperor Michael IV Stratioticus abdicated. The
Comnenus Dynasty, which endured until 1185, began in Byzantium with the reign
of Isaac I Comnenus, a military leader proclaimed ruler by the barons of
Anatolia.
15 August 1057. Friday
(-324,230) Scottish King Macbeth,
who killed King Duncan 1 in 1040, was killed in battle by Duncan�s son,
Malcolm.
1 August 1057, Friday
(-324,244)
30 March 1057, Sunday (-324,368) Easter Sunday.
1 January 1057, Wednesday
(-324,456)
===================================================================================
25 December 1056, Wednesday (-324,463)
5 October 1056, Saturday
(-324,544) Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor, died, aged 38. He was succeeded
as German king by his 5-year-old son, who reigned as Henry IV until 1106. His
mother Agnes acted as Regent until 1065.
21 August 1056, Wednesday
(-324,589) Byzantine Empress Theodora died, aged 76, ending the Macedonian
Dynasty that had begun with the reign of Justinian the Great in 527. Theodora�s
successor, Michael VI (Stratioticus) was overthrown in early 1057 by� a rebellion of the feudal barons of Anatolia.
1 August 1056, Thursday
(-324,609)
17 June 1056, Sunday
(-324,655) Gruffydd Ap Llywelyn, King of Wales, raided into England and
killed the Bishop of Hereford.� However
later in 1956 he acknowledged the supremacy of King Edward the Confessor of
England, who in turn recognised Gruffydd as ruler of Welsh territory.
1 January 1056, Monday
(-324,822)
================================================================================
18 December 1055, Monday
(-324,836) (Iraq) The Seljuk Turks took Baghdad, ending the Bawayhod
Dynasty. Tughril Beg became Sultan of Baghdad
1 August 1055, Tuesday
(-324,975) week 46,425
16 April 1055, Sunday (-325,082)
Easter Sunday.
7 February 1055, Tuesday
(-325,150) Jaroslav I, Great Prince of Russia, died, ending the golden age
of Kiev. His lands were divided amongst his five sons. The Kievan Rus State, in
existence since the 9th century, split into several smaller states and civil
war followed.
11 January 1055, Wednesday
(-325,177) Byzantine Emperor Constantine IX died, aged 55, leaving Theodora
to rule alone.
1 January 1055, Sunday
(-325,187)
=================================================================================
1 August 1054, Monday
(-325,340)
27 July 1054, Wednesday
(-325,345) (Scotland) Earl Siward of Northumbria defeated Scottish King
Macbeth at Dunsinane and installed Malcolm Canmore, son of the murdered Duncan
I as King of southern Scotland.
4 July 1054, Monday (-325,368) Chinese
astronomers recorded a supernova so bright it could be seen in daylight for 23
days and at night for almost 2 years.
19 April 1054, Tuesday
(-325,444) Pope Leo IX died.
3 April 1054, Sunday
(-325,460) Easter Sunday.
1 January 1054, Saturday
(-325,552)
=================================================================================
1 August 1053, Sunday
(-325,705)
18 June 1053, Friday
(-325,749) (Italy) Battle of Civitate, Italy.
The Normans established domination over southern Italy, defeating a Papal,
Byzantine and Swabian force.
14 April 1053, Wednesday
(-325,814) Godwin, Earl of Wessex, died.
11 April 1053, Sunday (-325,817) Easter Sunday.
1 January 1053, Friday
(-325,917)
==================================================================================
25 December 1052, Friday (-325,924)
4 October 1052, Sunday
(-326,006) Vladimir Yaroslavich, Prince of Novgorod, died.
1 August 1052, Saturday
(-326,070)
15 May 1052, Friday
(-326,148) Godwin returned to England, and Edward the Confessor restored
him as Earl of Wessex.
19 April 1052, Sunday (-326,174) Easter Sunday.
1 January 1052, Wednesday
(-326,283)
=================================================================================
1 August 1051, Thursday (-326,436)
31 March 1051, Sunday (-326,559) Easter Sunday.
1 January 1051, Tuesday
(-326,648) week 46,664
==================================================================================
1 December 1050, Saturday (-326,679)
11 November 1050, Sunday (-326,699) Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor, was born (died
7 August 1106)
1 August 1050, Wednesday (-326,801)
15 April 1050, Sunday (-326,909) Easter Sunday.
1 January 1050, Monday
(-327,013)
==================================================================================
1 October 1049, Sunday
(-327,105) Pope Leo IX (1048-54), noted for his attempts to eradicate
simony, arrived at Reims, France. In March 1049 he had begun a tour of the
Christian lands of Europe, to assert his authority over these regions. He left
Rome and travelled via Florence, Pavia and Cologne to Reims. Whilst still
Bishop of Toul, Pope Leo IX had pledged to be present at the Consecration of
the Cathedral of Reims, built to honour St Remigius, who had baptised Clovis
and played a large role on converting the Franks to Christianity. In fact due
to opposition to Leo�s visit by the King of France, only 20 bishops and 40
abbots attended at Reims, a clear sign of Leo�s limited authority on France.
After parading an effigy of the Saint around the town, before setting in in its
place in the Cathedral, Leo set it on the high altar as a �witness� and asked
all present to declare, individually one by one, that they had not paid money
for their office. Many of those present would not make such a statement.
1 August 1049, Tuesday
(-327,166) week 46,738
26 March 1049, Sunday (-327,294) Easter Sunday.
1 January 1049, Sunday
(-327,378)
=================================================================================
9 August 1048, Tuesday (-327,523) Pope Damasus II died.
1 August 1048, Monday (-327,531)
17 July 1048, Sunday (-327,546) Pope Damasus II (151st Pope) acceded.
15 May 1048, Sunday (-327,609) Persian mathematician and poet Omar Khayyam
was born at Nisipar. He was the first to solve cubic equations (those
containing terms to the power of three).
3 April 1048, Sunday
(-327,651) Easter Sunday.
1 January 1048,� Friday (-327,744)
=================================================================================
25 December 1047, Friday (-327,751)
8 November 1047, Sunday
(-327,798) Pope Benedict IX (150th Pope) regained the Papacy, and was Pope
for a third time (died 1048).
23 October 1047, Friday (-327,814)
9 October 1047, Friday
(-327,828) Pope Clement II died.
1 August 1047, Saturday
(-327,897)
19 April 1047, Sunday (-328,001) Easter Sunday.
1 January 1047, Thursday
(-328,109)
================================================================================
25 December 1046, Thursday (-328,116) (1) Pope Gregory VI
(148th Pope) deposed. The Synod of Rome elected Pope Clement II (Saxon, 149th
Pope) (died 1047).
(2) The German King was crowned Holy
Roman Emperor Henry III in Rome by Pope Clement II.
25 October 1046, Saturday
(-328,177) (Christian) At a Church Council in Pavia, Emperor Henry III
denounced simony, the practice of buying and selling ecclesiastical positions.
1 August 1046, Friday
(-328,262)
30 March 1046, Sunday (-328,386) Easter Sunday.
1 January 1046, Wednesday
(-328,474)
=================================================================================
1 August 1045, Thursday (-328,627)
1 May 1045, Wednesday (-328,719) Pope Gregory VI (148th Pope, deposed
1046) acceded, having bought the Papacy from the deposed Pope Benedict IX (147th
Pope).
7 April 1045, Sunday
(-328,743) Easter Sunday.
1 January 1045, Tuesday
(-328,839) week
46,977
==================================================================================
1 August 1044, Wednesday
(-328,992)
22 April 1044, Sunday (-329,093)
Easter Sunday.
1 January 1044, Sunday
(-329,205)
=================================================================================
1 August 1043, Monday
(-329,358)
3 April 1043, Sunday
(-329,478) Easter Sunday. Edward
the Confessor was crowned.
11 January 1043, Tuesday
(-329,560) (Germany) Agnes (1024-77), daughter of William
V the Pious, Duke of Aquitaine and Agnes of Aquitaine, married Henry III, Holy
Roman Emperor. Henry III died in 1056 and Agnes (daughter) served as Regent for
her minor son, Henry IV. However when Henry IV came of age, Agnes refused to
relinquish the throne. She was eventually deposed by the efforts of two German
bishops; she thereafter lived in Rome, as a staunch supporter of Pope Gregory
VII, until her death in 1077.
1 January 1043, Saturday
(-329,570)
=================================================================================
1 August 1042, Sunday
(-329,723)
1 July 1042, Thursday
(-329,754)
12 June 1042, Saturday
(-329,773) In Byzantium, Empress Zoe�s third husband, Constantine IX
Monomachus, became Emperor.
8 June 1042,�
Tuesday (-329,777) Harthacanute, King of
Denmark and England, died.
11 April 1042, Sunday (-329,835) Easter Sunday.
1 January 1042, Friday
(-329,935)
=================================================================================
1 August 1041, Saturday (-330,088)
22 March 1041, Sunday (-330,220)
Easter Sunday.
1 January 1041, Thursday
(-330,300)
=================================================================================
14 August 1040, Thursday (-330,440) Macbeth murdered Duncan I, King of
Scotland, and became King himself.
1 August 1040, Friday
(-330,453)
18 June 1040, Wednesday
(-330,497) Harthacanute, King of England, was crowned in Canterbury
Cathedral.
8 June 1040, Sunday
(-330,507)
6 April 1040, Sunday
(-330,570) Easter Sunday.
17 March 1040, Monday
(-330,590) Harold Harefoot, King of England, was born.
1 January 1040, Tuesday
(-330,666) week
47,238
===================================================================================
1 August 1039, Wednesday
(-330,819)
17 June 1039, Sunday
(-330,814)
4 June 1039, Monday (-330,877)
Holy Roman Emperor Conrad II died in Utrecht, aged 49. He was succeeded as
German King by his 21-year-old son, Henry.
15 April 1039, Sunday (-330,927) Easter Sunday.
10 March 1039, Saturday (-330,963) Seige of Mauze.
1 January 1039, Monday
(-331,031)
===================================================================================
15 August 1038, Tuesday (-331,170) Stephen I, King of Hungary, died and was
succeeded by Peter the German.
1 August 1038, Tuesday (-331,184)
26 March 1038, Sunday (-331,312) Easter Sunday.
1 January 1038, Sunday
(-331,396)
===================================================================================
1 August 1037, Monday (-331,549)
18 June 1037, Saturday
(-331,593) Persian philosopher and physician Avicenna died. His writings
were valued sources for European doctors.
12 June 1037, Sunday
(-331,599)
10 April 1037, Sunday (-331,662) Easter Sunday.
1 January 1037, Saturday
(-331,761)
=================================================================================
1 August 1036, Sunday (-331,914)
18 April 1036, Sunday (-332,019) Easter Sunday.
1 January 1036, Thursday
(-332,127)
================================================================================
25 December 1035, Thursday (-332,134)
12 November 1035. Tuesday
(-332,178) Death of the Danish King
of England, Canute (Cnut), aged 40. His
kingdom disintegrated. Harold I, Cnut�s son by Aelgifu of Northampton, became
Regent of England whilst his half-brother delayed in Denmark. England split
into the old political pattern of Northumbria and Mercia against Wessex.
1
August 1035, Friday (-332,280)
2
July 1035, Wednesday
(-332,310) Robert, Duke of Normandy, died and was succeeded by his� illegitmate son, William.
30 March 1035, Sunday (-332,404) Easter Sunday.
1 January 1035, Wednesday (-332,492)
==================================================================================
25 December 1034, Wednesday (-322,499)
1 November 1034, Friday (-322,553) King Duncan I of Scotland was crowned.
23 October 1034, Wednesday (-322,562)
1 August 1034, Thursday (-332,645)
14 April 1034, Sunday (-332,754) Easter Sunday
11 April 1034, Thursday (-332,757) Byzantine Emperor Romanus III died. He
was succeeded by Michael IV, who married Romanus�s widow, Zoe.
15 March 1034, Friday (-332,784) King Mieszco II of Poland died. Paganism
re-emerged in Poland.
1 January 1034, Tuesday (-332,857) week 47,551
==================================================================================
1 August 1033, Wednesday (-333,010)
22
April 1033, Sunday
(-333,111) Easter Sunday.
1 January 1033, Monday (-333,222)
=================================================================================
1
August 1032, Tuesday (-333,375) week 47,625)
2
April 1032, Sunday
(-333,496) Easter Sunday.
1 January 1032, Saturday (-333,588)
=================================================================================
30
November 1031, Tuesday (-333,620) (Spain) Hisham III, Umayyad Muslim ruler
in Cordoba, was deposed by the city�s inhabitants.
1
August 1031, Sunday (-333,741)
20
July 1031, Tuesday
(-333,753) Robert II (The Pious), King of France, died aged 61 He was
succeeded by his 23-year-old son Constance of Aquitaine, who ruled as Henry I
until 1060.
13
June 1031, Sunday
(-333,790)
11 April 1031, Sunday (-333,853) Easter Sunday.
1 January 1031, Friday
(-333,953)
=================================================================================
1 August 1030, Saturday (-334,106)
21
April 1030, Tuesday
(-334,208) (India) Mahmud, Emir of Ghazni, died.
29 March 1030, Sunday (-334,231) Easter Sunday.
1 January 1030, Thursday
(-334,318)
=================================================================================
1 August 1029, Friday (-334,471)
6
April 1029, Sunday
(-334,588) Easter Sunday.
1 January 1029, Wednesday (-334,683)
==================================================================================
1
August 1028, Thursday (-334,836)
14 April 1028, Sunday (-334,945) Easter Sunday. Henry, son of Holy Roman
Emperor Conrad II, was crowned King of the Germans.
1 January 1028, Monday
(-335,049)
===================================================================================
1 August 1027, Tuesday (-335,202) week 47,886
26 March 1027, Sunday (-335,830) Easter Sunday. Holy Roman Emperor Conrad II
was crowned in Rome.
1 January 1027, Sunday
(-335,414)
==================================================================================
1 August 1026, Monday (-335,567)
10 April 1026, Sunday (-335,680) Easter Sunday
1 January 1026, Saturday
(-335,779)
==================================================================================
25 December 1025, Saturday (-335,786)
15 December 1025, Wednesday (-335,796) Byzantine Emperor Basil II (the Bulgar
Slayer) died. His brother, and previous co-Emperor, Constantine VIII, succeeded
him.
1 August 1025, Sunday (-335,932)
18 April 1025, Sunday (-336,037) Easter Sunday.
1 January 1025, Friday
(-336,144)
==================================================================================
1 August 1024, Saturday (-336,297)
13
July 1024, Monday
(-336,316) Holy Roman Emperor Henry II died aged 51 after a 10-year reign.
He was succeeded as King of the Germans and Holy Roman Emperor by his 34-year-old
son, who ruled as Conrad II until 1039.
Tuesday (-336,336)
8
May 1024, Friday
(-336,382)
5
April 1024, Sunday (-336,415)
1 January 1024, Wednesday (-336,510)
==================================================================================
1
August 1023, Thursday (-336,663)
8
May 1023, Wednesday
(-336,748)
14 April 1023, Sunday (-336,772) Easter Sunday
1 January 1023, Tuesday
(-336,875) week 48,125
=================================================================================
1 August 1022, Wednesday (-337,028)
8
May 1022, Tuesday
(-337,113)
25 March 1022, Sunday (-337,157) Easter Sunday.
1 January 1022, Monday
(-337,240)
==================================================================================
Tuesday (-337,337)
1 August 1021, Tuesday (-337,393) week 48,199
8
May 1021, Monday
(-337,478)
2
April 1021, Sunday
(-337,514) Easter Sunday.
13
February 1021, Monday (-337,562) Al Hakim, Caliph of Egypt, was murdered
and su cceeded by his son, al Zahir.
1 January 1021, Sunday (-337,605)
================================================================================
25
December 1220, Sunday (-337,612)
23
October 1220, Sunday (-337,675)
14
October 1020, Friday (-337,684) Assassination of Einar II Rangmund,
co-Earl of Orkney.
1
August 1020, Monday (-337,758)
8
May 1020, Sunday (-337,843)
16 April 1020, Sunday (-337,864) Easter Sunday.
1 January 1020, Friday
(-337,971)
===============================================================================
1 August 1019, Saturday (-338,124)
8
May 1019, Friday
(-338,209)
29 March 1019, Sunday (-338,249) Easter Sunday.
1 January 1019, Thursday
(-338,336)
===============================================================================
Tuesday (-338,338)
1 August 1018, Friday
(-338,489)
21 July 1018, Monday
(-338,500) (Poland) Boleslav I defeated Jaroslav of Novgorod, who had
seized Kiev. Anti-Polish uprisings then forced Boleslav to retreat, but
nevertheless he still retained Czerwien and Przemsyl for Poland.
8
May 1018, Thursday
(-338,574)
6
April 1018, Sunday (-338,606)
Easter Sunday.
30
January 1018, Thursday (-338,672) (Poland) The Treaty of Bautzen ended a
15-year war between Germany and Poland. Boleslav the Brave gained Lusatia.
1 January 1018, Wednesday (-338,701)
================================================================================
1
August 1017, Thursday (-338,854)
8
May 1017, Wednesday
(-338,939)
21
April 1017, Sunday (-338,956) Easter Sunday.
21
March 1017, Thursday (-338,987)
21
February 1017, Thursday (-339,015)
21
January 1017, Monday (-339,046)
6
January 1017, Sunday (-339,061) (Britain)
Cnut was crowned King of England in London.
1 January 1017, Tuesday (-339,066) week 48,438
=================================================================================
6
December 1016, Thursday (-339,092)
30
November 1016, Friday (-339,098) King Edmund was
murdered and Cnut became King of England.
28
October 1017, Sunday (-339,131) Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor, was born
(died 5 October 1056).
18
October 1016, Thursday (-339,141) The Danes under Canute defeated the
Saxons at the Battle of Assandun (now Ashingdon, Essex)
16
August 1016, Thursday (-339,204)
1
August 1016, Wednesday (-339,219)
14
June 1016, Thursday
(-339,267)
8
May 1016, Tuesday
(-339,304)
23
April 1016, Monday (-339,319) Ethelred died and was
succeeded by his son Edmund II, Ironside. Edmund and Cnut fought for the
throne. Edmund agreed to keep Wessex and leave Cnut ruling over the rest of
England.
8
April 1016, Sunday
(-339,334)
Tuesday (-339,339)
1 April 1016, Sunday (-339,341) Easter Sunday.
1 January 1016, Sunday
(-339,432)
===============================================================================
1 August 1015, Monday (-339,585)
8
May 1015, Sunday (-339,670)
10 April 1015, Sunday (-339,698) Easter Sunday.
1 January 1015, Saturday
(-339,797)
================================================================================
1 August 1014, Sunday (-339,950)
6
July 1014, Tuesday (-339,976) (Byzantium, Bulgaria) The
Byzantine Emperor Basil II defeated the Bulgarian army, after a 28-year war,
under Tsar Samuel, then ordered the defeated 15,000 men to be blinded. Basil
arranged for one eye of every hundredth man to be spared so the army could find
its way back to the Tsar.
8
May 1014, Saturday
(-340,035)
25
April 1014, Sunday
(-340,048) Easter Sunday.
23 April 1014, Friday
(-340,050) (1) Battle of Clontarf: Gaelic
Irish forces under Brian Boru defeated several allied Viking forces in Ireland,
ending their power there but losing Brian in the battle.
(2) Accession of Einar II Rangmund as
co-Earl of Orkney.
14 February 1014, Sunday
(-340,118) King Henry III of Germany was proclaimed Holy Roman Emperor by
the Pope. Arduin, considering himself the King of Italy, seized Vercelli, west
of Milan amd besieged Novara and Como; however he was then vanquished by Henry
III�s forces. Arduin then retired to a monastery� at Fruttuaria, near Turin, where he died in
1015.
3 February 1014, Wednesday
(-340,129) (Britain) Svein Forkbeard, King of Denmark, Norway and England,
died. In Denmark he was succeeded by his son Harold, and in England by his
other son Cnut. Ethelred the Unready, however, returned from Normandy to
displace Cnut, who then left England.
1 February 1014, Monday
(-340,131)
1 January 1014, Friday
(-340,162)
================================================================================
25 December 1013, Friday
(-340,169) Danish King Swein Forkbeard invaded England and was declared its
King. However he died 5 weeks later.
1 August 1013, Saturday
(-340,315)
Tuesday (-340,340)
8 May 1013, Friday (-340,400)
5 April 1013, Sunday
(-340,433) Easter Sunday.
1 January 1013, Thursday
(-340,527)
===============================================================================
1 August 1012,
Friday (-340,680)
24 May 1012, Saturday
(-340,749) Boleslav of Poland paid homage to the German Emperor Henry II,
and kept all his conquests except Bohemia.
8 May 1012, Thursday
(-340,765)
20 April 1012, Sunday
(-340,783) Suleiman was re-established as Caliph in Cordoba.
19 April 1012. Saturday (-340,784) St
Alpheage, Archbishop of Canterbury, was murdered by the Danes. He had been
captured by the Danes who sacked
Canterbury in 1011 and kept in prison for 7 months, and killed when a
ransom was not paid.. Born in 954, St Alpheage was elected Abbot at Bath, and
in 984 became the Bishop of Winchester. In 1006 he succeeded Aelfric as
Archbishop of Canterbury.
13 April 1012, Sunday (-340,790) Easter Sunday
1 January 1012, Tuesday
(-340,893) week 48,699
================================================================================
1 August 1011, Wednesday (-341,046)
8 May 1011, Tuesday
(-341,131)
Tuesday (-341,341)
25 March 1011, Sunday (-341,175) Easter Sunday.
1 January 1011, Monday (-341,258)
===============================================================================
1 August 1010, Tuesday (-341,411)
8 May 1010, Monday (-341,496)
9 April 1010, Sunday (-341,525) Easter Sunday.
1 January 1010, Sunday
(-341,623)
===============================================================================
25 December 1009, Sunday (-341,630)
23 October 1009, Sunday (-341,693)
27 September 1009, Tuesday (-341,719) (Christian) Caliph Al Hakim ordered the
destruction of the Church of the Holy Sepulchre, Jerusalem.
1 August 1009, Monday (-341,776)
8 May 1009, Sunday (-341,861)
16 April 1009, Sunday (-341,882) Easter Sunday.
14 March 1009, Tuesday (-341,915) German missionary Bruno Boniface was
killed whilst attempting to convert the Baltic Jadzwingas tribe.
1 January 1009, Saturday (-341,988)
==============================================================================
1 August 1008, Sunday (-342,141)
8 May 1008, Saturday (-342,226)
28 March 1008, Sunday� (-) Easter Sunday.
Tuesday (-342,342)
1 January 1008, Thursday
(-342,354)
==============================================================================
25 December 1007, Thursday
(-342,361)
1 November 1007, Saturday
(-342,414) (Christian Missionary) German Emperor Henry II established the
Bishopric of Bamberg, in order to convert the Wends.
23 October 1007, Thursday
(-342,423)
1 August 1007, Friday
(-342,507)
8 May 1007, Thursday
(-342,592)
6 April 1007, Sunday
(-342,624) Easter Sunday.
1 January 1007, Wednesday
(-342,719)
=============================================================================
25 December 1006, Wednesday
(-342,726)
23 October 1006, Wednesday
(-342,789)
14 October 1006, Monday
(-342,798) Geoffrey Martel, Count of Anjou, was born (died 14 November 1060).
3 October 1006,
1 August 1006, Thursday
(-342,872)
8 May 1006, Wednesday
(-342,957)
21
April 1006, Sunday (-342,974) Easter Sunday.
1 January 1006, Tuesday (-343,084) week 49,012
===============================================================================
1
August 1005, Wednesday (-343,237)
8 May 1005, Tuesday
(-343,322)
Tuesday (-343,343)
8 April 1005, Sunday (-343,352)
1 April 1005, Sunday (-343,359) Easter Sunday.
1 January 1005, Monday
(-343,449)
===============================================================================
1 August 1004, Tuesday (-343,602)
14 May 1004, Sunday (-343,691) Arduin left Italy. Emperor Henry II was
crowned King.
8 May 1004, Monday (-343,687)
16 April 1004, Sunday (-343,709) Easter Sunday.
1 January 1004, Saturday
(-343,815)
===============================================================================
25 December 1003, Saturday (-343,822)
23 October 1003, Saturday (-343,885)
1 October 1003, Friday (-343,907) All the German princes accepted Henry II�s
title of Emperor.
1 August 1003, Sunday (-343,968)
12 May 1003. Wednesday (-344,049) Sylvester II, (Gerbert of
Aurillac) the first French Pope, died. Elected in 999 with the backing of Otto
III, he encouraged the Holy Roman
Emperor�s ambition to re-create the Roman Empire of the west.
8 May 1003, Saturday (-344,053)
28 April 1003, Wednesday
(-344,063)
28 March 1003, Sunday� (-344,094) Easter Sunday.
1 January 1003, Friday
(-344,180)
===============================================================================
25 December 1002, Friday (-344,187)
13 November 1002, Friday (-344,229) In England, on St Brice�s Day, many
leading men of Viking descent were massacred on th orders of King Ethelred II
The Unready, because he doubted their loyalty. His policy of buying the Vikings
off had failed to halt their raids. In revenge Sweyn returned in 1002 and
ravaged Exeter in 1003 and Norwich and Thetford in 1004. After a lull in 1005
Viking attacks on English towns resumed and Aethelred bought them off for a
larger sum than ever, �36,000, in 1007. But in 1010 the Vikings were bought off
again, for �48,000 this time. In the 1010s the Vikings made efforts to gain
political control of the English Kingdom of northern and western England.
Aethelred, called the Unready as he was without rede or counsel, had been a
weak, improvident, and self-indulgent monarch, and he died in London on 23
April 1016. His wife Emma subsequently married Canute, and died in retirement
at Winchester on 6 March 1052 after not her son (Hardicanute) but Harold
Harefoot had become king of England.
1 August 1002, Saturday (-344,333)
Tuesday (-344,344)
21 June 1002, Sunday
(-344,374) Pope Leo IX was born.
8 May 1002, Friday (-344,418)
5 April 1002, Sunday
(-344,451) Easter Sunday.
15 February 1002, Sunday
(-344,500) Arduin led an Italian revolt against German rule, and was
crowned King of Italy
23 January 1002, Friday
(-344,523) Holy Roman Emperor Otto III died aged 21, whilst fighting Rome.
He was succeeded as King of the Franks and Bavarians by his 28-year-old cousin
Henry, Duke of Bavaria, who became Holy Roman Emperor in 1014.
1 January 1002, Thursday
(-344,545)
================================================================================
25 December 1001, Thursday
(-344,552)
2 December 1001. Tuesday
(-344,575) The Danes in England were
massacred on the orders of King Aethelred, after his policy of buying them off
had failed to halt the Dane�s raids. In revenge Sweyn returned in 1002 and
ravaged Exeter in 1003 and Norwich and Thetford in 1004. After a lull in 1005
Danish attacks on English towns resumes and Aethelred bought them off for a
larger sum than ever, �36,000, in 1007. But in 1010 the Danes were bough off
again, for �48,000 this time. In the 1010s the Danes made efforts to gain
political control of the English Kingdom of northern and western England.
Aethelred, called the Unready as he was without rede or counsel, had been a weak, improvident,
and self-indulgent monarch, and he died in London on 23 April 1016. His wife
Emma subsequently married Canute, and died in retirement at Winchester on 6 March
1052 after not her son (Hardicanute) but Harold Harefoot had become king of
England.
27
November 1001, Thursday (-344,580)
(India) Mahmud of Ghazni (now, Afghanistan) defated Jaipal of the Punjab at
Peshawar and occupied the Punjab. Jaipal committed suicide.
1
August 1001, Friday (-344,698)
8 May 1001, Thursday
(-344,783)
13 April 1001, Sunday (-344,808) Easter Sunday
1 January 1001, Wednesday
(-344,910)
==============================================================================
25 December 1000, Wednesday (-344,917) Stephen I became King of Hungary, which
was established as a Christian kingdom.
9 September 1000, Monday (354,024) Alarmed by the growing power of Olaf
Tryggvason, King of Norway, King Sweyn Forkbeard of Denmark, King Olaf Eriksson
of Sweden and Earl Eirik Hakonarson of Lade united to eliminate him. Olaf
travelled to Wendland to seek allies, but his fleet was caught by the three
allies off Svolder Island (probably, modern Rugen). Most of Olaf�s mercenary
fleet abandoned him, and he was drowned when he jumped ship and his men
surrendered. However the allied effort was in vain, because within 35 years
Norway was a united Christian Kingdom under Olaf�s son Magnus.
1 August 1000, Thursday (-345,063)
8 May 1000, Wednesday (-345,148)
8 April 1000, Monday (-345,178)
31 March 1000, Sunday (-345,186) (Poland) Easter Sunday. Emperor Otto III
crowned Boleslav I as King of Poland, recognising Poland�s ecclesiastical and
political independence.
1 January 1000, Monday
(-345,276)
===================================================================================
25 December 999, Monday (-345,283)
17 December 999, Sunday (-345,291) Adelheid, widow of King Otto I of Germany,
mother of King Otto II and grandmother of King Otto III, born 931, died.
Tuesday (-345,345)
1 August 999 Tuesday (-345,429)
week 49,347
8 May 999, Monday (-345,514)
9 April 999, Sunday (-345,543) Easter Sunday.
2 April 999, Sunday (-345,550) Gerbert of Aurillac, mathematician,
philosopher and inventor, became Pope Sylvester II, (139th Pope) the first
French Pope (died 1003)
4 February 999, Saturday (-345,607) Pope Gregory V died.
1 January 999, Sunday
(-345,641)
===================================================================================
998,
25 December 998, Sunday (-345,648)
2 November 998, Tuesday (-345,702)
The Abbot of Cluny, France, instituted this day as All Soul�s day, when prayers
are said for the dead. This way the Church co-opted the ancient pagan festival
of Samhain, at the beginning of November, when the souls of the dead were said
to return to roam the Earth.
1 August 998, Monday (-345,794)
8 May 998, Sunday (-345,879)
16 April 998, Sunday (-345,900) Easter Sunday.
1 January 998, Saturday
(-346,006)
==================================================================================
1 August 997, Sunday (-346,159)
8 May 997, Saturday (-346,244)
23 April 997, Friday (-346,259) St Adalbert, the Apostle of
the Prussians, from Prague, was murdered by the Prussians, whom he was trying
to convert. He had also preached to the Hungarians and Bohemians, the latter
being annoyed by his asceticism.
28 March 997, Sunday� (-346,285) Easter Sunday.
1 January 997, Friday
(-346,371)
==================================================================================
25 December 996, Friday (-346,378)
24 October 996, Saturday (-346,440) Robert II The Pious, son of Hugh Capet,
became King of France.
14 October 996, Wednesday
(-346,450) Hugh Capet, King of the Franks, died aged 58. He was succeeded
by his 26-year-old son who ruled as Robert II until 1031.
Tuesday (-346,346)
1 August 996, Saturday
(-346,524)
21 May 996, Thursday
(-346,596) (Germany, Italy) Pope Gregory V crowned Otto III as Emperor.
Gregory was expelled by the citizens of Rome in September 996.
8 May 996, Friday (-346,609)
12 April 996, Sunday (-346,635) Easter Sunday
1 January 996, Wednesday
(-346,737)
=================================================================================
1 August 995, Thursday (-346,890)
8 May 995, Wednesday (-346,975)
21
April 995, Sunday (-346,992) Easter Sunday.
1 January 995, Tuesday (-347,102) week 49,586
===============================================================================
1
August 994, Wednesday (-347,255)
14
June 994, Thursday (-347,303)
(Egypt) The Caliph of Egypt defeated a Byzantine army near Antioch.
10
May 994, Thursday (-347,338)
The Vikings invaded Anglesey.
8 May 994, Tuesday (-347,340)
Tuesday (-347,347)
8 April 994, Sunday (-374,370)
1 April 994, Sunday (-374,377) Easter Sunday.
1 January 994, Monday
(-347,467)
==============================================================================
1 August 993, Tuesday (-347,620) week 49,620
8 May 993, Monday (-347,705)
16 April 993, Sunday (-347,727) Easter Sunday.
1 January 993, Sunday
(-347,832)
===============================================================================
1 August 992, Monday (-347,985)
8 May 992, Sunday (-348,070)
8 April 992, Friday (-348,100)
27 March 992, Sunday (-348,112) Easter Sunday.
29 February 992, Monday (-348,139) Saint Oswald, Archbishop of York, died.
1 January 992, Friday
(-348,198)
==============================================================================
11 August 991, Tuesday (-348,341) Battle of Maldon. The Danes under Olaf
Tryggvason attempted a landing at Maldon, Essex, but were pinned down on the
causeway from Northey Island to the mainland, where battle was impossible. They
requested to be allowed to progress onto the mainland where proper battle could
take place, and for some reason Aethelred II allowed them to, perhaps out of a
sense of fair play or possibly he was confident he could defeat them. In the
event the Danes won, allowing them to conquer first Essex then much of the rest
of England.
1 August 991, Saturday (-348,351)
15 June 991, Monday (-348,398) Empress Theophano, Byzantine-born widow of
King Otto II of Germany, died.
Tuesday (-348,348)
8 May 991, Friday (-348,436)
5 April 991, Sunday (-348,469) Easter Sunday.
1 January 991, Thursday
(-348,563)
===============================================================================
25 December 990, Thursday (-348,570)
23 October 990, Thursday (-348,633)
28 September 990. Sunday (-348,658) King Wenceslas
of Bohemia, the Good King Wenceslas of the Christmas carol, died in Stara
Boleslav.
1 August 990, Friday (-348,716)
8 May 990, Thursday (-348,801)
20 April 990, Sunday (-348,819) Easter
Sunday.
13 February 990, Thursday (-348,885) Ethelgar, Archbishop of Canterbury,
died.
1 January 990, Wednesday
(-348,928)
===============================================================================
1 October 989, Tuesday (-349,020) Byzantine rebel usurper Bardas Phocas
surrendered.
1 August 989, Thursday (-349,081)
8 May 989, Wednesday (-349,166)
8 April 989, Monday (-349,196)
31 March 989, Sunday (-349,204) Easter Sunday.
1 January 989, Tuesday
(-349,293) week 49,899
================================================================================
Tuesday (-349,349)
1 August 988, Wednesday
(-349,446)
19 May 988, Saturday (-349,520) Saint Dunstan, Archbishop of Canterbury
(born near Glastonbury ca. 910) died in Canterbury. He was appointed to
Archbishop by King Edgar in 959.
8 April 988, Sunday (-349,661) Easter Sunday.
1 January 988, Sunday
(-349,659)
==================================================================================
14 September 987, Wednesday (-349,768) Bardas Phocas proclaimed himself
Byzantine emperor.
1 August 987, Monday (-349,812)
3 July 987, Sunday (-349,841) Hugh Capet, Duke of the Franks, succeeded to
the French throne, founding the Capetian dynasty, which ruled France until 1328.
21 May 987, Saturday (-349,884) Louis V of France died without an heir.
8 May 987, Sunday (-349,897)
24 April 987, Sunday (-349,911) Easter Sunday.
8 April 987, Friday (-349,927)
8 March 987, Tuesday (-349,958)
1 January 987, Saturday
(-350,024)
=================================================================================
986,
1 August 986, Sunday (-350,177)
8 May 986, Saturday (-350,262)
4 April 986, Sunday (-350,296)
Easter Sunday.
2 March 986, Tuesday (-350,329) Lothair, King of the Franks, died, aged
44. He was succeeded by his 19-year-old son who ruled briefly as Louis V (le
Faineant).
Tuesday (-350,350)
1 January 986, Friday
(-350,389)
================================================================================
985,
1 August 985, Saturday (-350,542)
8 May 985, Friday (-350,627)
12 April 985, Sunday (-350,653) Easter Sunday
1 January 985, Thursday
(-350,754)
===============================================================================
984,
1 August 984, Friday (-350,907)
8 May 984, Thursday (-350,992)
23 March 984, Sunday (-351,039) Easter Sunday.
1 January 984, Tuesday
(-351,120) week 50,160
===============================================================================
983,
25 December 983, Tuesday (-351,127)
7 December 983, Friday (-351,145) (Italy, Germany) Holy Roman Emperor Otto
II died in his palace in Rome, aged 28. He was succeeded by his 3-year-old son,
Otto III, under the guardianship of his Byzantine mother Theophano.
1 August 963, Wednesday (-351,273)
Tuesday (-351,351)
8 May 983, Tuesday (-351,358)
8 April 983, Sunday (-351,388) Easter Sunday.
9 January 983, Monday
(-351,485)
================================================================================
982,
1 August 982, Tuesday (-351,638) week 50,234
13 July 982, Thursday (-351,657) Emperor Otto II, who had invaded Italy,
was defeated at Apulia by an allied Arab-Byzantine force.
8 May 982, Monday (-351,723)
16 April 982, Sunday (-351,745) Easter Sunday.
9 January 982, Sunday
(-351,850)
================================================================================
981,
1 August 981, Monday (-352,003)
8 May 981, Sunday (-352,088)
27 March 981, Sunday (-352,130) Easter Sunday.
1 January 981, Saturday
(-352,215)
================================================================================
Tuesday (-352,352)
1 August 980, Sunday
(-352,368)
8 May 980, Saturday (-352,453)
11 April 980, Sunday (-352,480) Easter Sunday.
1 January 980, Thursday
(-352,581)
===============================================================================
1 August 979, Friday (-352,734)
8 May 979, Thursday (-352,819)
20 April 979, Sunday (-352,837)
Easter Sunday.
24 March 979, Monday (-352,864) Bardas Sclerus was defeated by the
Byzantine Army.
1 January 979, Wednesday (-352,946)
================================================================================
1 August 978, Thursday (-353,099)
19 June 978, Wednesday (-353,142) Rebel Byzantine General Bardas Sclerus
defeated Byzantine Imperial forces in Anatolia.
8 May 978, Wednesday (-353,184)
8 April 978, Monday (-353,214)
4 April 978, Thursday (-353,218) Ethelred II (the Unready) was crowned
King of England
31 March 978, Sunday (-353,222) Easter Sunday.
18 March 978, Monday (-353,235) King Edward the Martyr was murdered at
Corfe Castle, and succeeded by Ethelred II (The Unready or Ill-Advised).
1 January 978, Tuesday
(-353,311) week 50,473
===============================================================================
Tuesday (-353,353)
1 August 977, Wednesday
(-353,464)
8 May 977, Tuesday (-353,549)
8 April 977, Sunday (-353,579) Easter Sunday.
1 January 977, Monday
(-353,676)
===============================================================================
25 December 976, Monday (-353,683)
23 October 976, Monday (-353,746)
1 October 976, Sunday (-353.768) Al Hakkam II, Caliph of Spain, died and was
succeeded by his son, Hisham II. However from then until around 1002 the real
power was with the Regent, Al-Mansour, who won major victories against
Christian forces in 988 and 997.
1 August 976, Tuesday (-353,829) week 50,547
8 May 976, Monday (-353,914)
23 April 976, Sunday (-353,929) Easter Sunday.
10 January 976, Monday (-354,033) Byzantine co-Emperor John I Tzimisces died
aged 51 after returning from a second campaign against the Saracens. The other
co-Emperor, Basil II, then aged 20, now ruled alone until 1025.
1 January 976, Saturday
(-354,042)
==============================================================================
1 August 975, Sunday (-354,195)
8 May 975, Saturday (-354,280)
4 April 975, Sunday (-354,314) Easter Sunday.
Tuesday (-354,354)
1 January 975, Friday
(-354,407)
===============================================================================
1 August 974, Saturday
(-354,560)
8 May 974, Friday (-354,645)
12 April 974, Sunday (-354,671) Easter Sunday
1 January 974, Thursday
(-354,772)
================================================================================
1 August 973, Friday (-354,925)
11 May 973, Sunday (-355,007)� Edgar
was crowned King of England at Bath.
7 May 973, Wednesday (-355,011)
Otto I, King of Germany, died, aged 60, after an 11-year reign. He was
succeeded by his 18-year-old son, Otto II, who had been joint Emperor since
Christmas 967, and who in 972 had married the Byzantine Princess Theophano,
daughter of Romanus II. Otto II ruled until 7 December �983.
23 March 973, Sunday (-355,056) Easter Sunday.
1 January 973, Wednesday
(-355,137)
=================================================================================
6 September 972, Friday (-355,254) Pope John XIII died.
1 August 972, Thursday (-355,290)
Tuesday (-355,355)
8 May 972, Wednesday (-355,375)
14 April 972, Sunday (-355,399) (Byzantium, Germany, Italy) Otto II was
married to Theophano, niece of Byzantine Emperor John I Tzimisces. This allied
the �Western Roman Empire� with Byzantium.
7 April 972, Sunday (-355,406) Easter Sunday.
1 January 972, Monday
(-355,503)
================================================================================
2 October 971, Monday (-155,594) Mahmud of Ghazni, Afghan warrior, was born
(died 1030).
1 August 971, Tuesday (-355,656) week 50,808
8 May 971, Monday (-355,741)
23 April 971, Sunday (-355,756) (Bulgaria) Byzantine Emperor John I
Tzimisces expelled Svyatoslav of Kiev from Bulgaria and the Crimea.
16 April 971, Sunday (-355,763) Easter Sunday.
1 January 971, Sunday
(-355,868)
================================================================================
1 August 970, Monday (-356,021)
8 May 970, Sunday (-356,106)
27 March 970, Sunday (-356,148) Easter Sunday.
1 January 970, Saturday
(-356,233)
================================================================================
25 December 969, Saturday (-356,240)
10 December 969, Friday (-356,255) Byzantine Emperor Nicephoras II Phocas was
murdered. He was succeeded by John I Tzimisces.
28 October 969. Thursday (-356,298) After a prolonged siege, Byzantium captured Antioch from the Arabs.
Tuesday (-356,356)
1 August 969, Sunday
(-356,386)
6 July 969, Tuesday
(-356,412) Fatimid Caliph al-Mu�izz conquered Egypt, making Cairo his
capital, and the centre of a Shiite Empire.
8 May 969, Saturday (-356,471)
11 April 969, Sunday (-356,498) Easter Sunday.
1 January 969, Friday
(-356,598)
============================================================================
1 August 968, Saturday (-356,751)
19 April 968, Sunday (-356,856) Easter Sunday.
1 January 968, Wednesday
(-356,964)
============================================================================
22 December 967, Sunday (-356,974) (Italy) Pope John XIII formally crowned Otto
II, son of Otto I The Great, co-Emperor.
4 August 967, Sunday (-357,114)
1 August 967, Thursday (-357,117)
8 May 967, Wednesday (-357,202)
8 April 967, Monday (-357,232)
31 March 967, Sunday (-357,240) Easter Sunday.
1 January 967, Tuesday
(-357,329)
==============================================================================
Tuesday (-3570,357)
1 August 966, Wednesday
(-357,482)
8 May 966, Tuesday (-357,567)
15 April 966, Sunday (-357,590) Easter Sunday.
14 April 966, Saturday (-357,591)Mieszko I, the first duke of Poland,
was baptized a Christian. This is
usually considered the beginning of the Polish state.
1 January 966, Monday
(-375,694)
================================================================================
25 December 965, Monday (-375,701)
23 October 965, Monday (-375,764)
1 October 965, Sunday (-375,786) John XIII became Pope.
1 August 965, Tuesday (-357,847) week 51,121
8 May 965, Monday (-357,932)
26 March 965, Sunday (-357,975) Easter Sunday.
1 January 965, Sunday
(-358,059)
================================================================================
1 August 964, Monday (-358,212)
8 May 964, Sunday (-358,297)
3 April 964, Sunday (-358,332) Easter Sunday.
Tuesday (-358,358)
1 January 964, Friday
(-358,425)
=================================================================================
25 December 963, Friday
(-358,432)
4 December 963, Friday
(-358,453) (Papal succession, Italy)
Emperor Otto I The Great deposed Pope John XII. Leo VIII was elected to succeed
him.
16 August 963, Sunday
(-358,563) Nicephoras II Phocas was crowned Byzantine Emperor.
1 August 963, Saturday
(-358,578)
8 May 963, Friday (-358,663)
19 April 963, Sunday (-358,682) Easter Sunday.
12 April 963, Saturday (-358,697)
The foundation of Luxembourg. On this day Count Sigefroi of
the House of Ardenne acquired the site of present day Luxembourg City for the
purpose of erecting a castle there.
1 January 963, Thursday
(-358,790)
================================================================================
1 August 962, Friday (-358,943)
8 May 962, Thursday (-359,028)
8 April 962, Tuesday (-359,058)
30 March 962, Sunday (-359,067) Easter Sunday.
2 March 962, Sunday (-359,095)
2 February 962, Sunday (-359,123) Saxon
Otto I was crowned Holy Roman Emperor by Pope John XII.
1 January 962, Wednesday
(-359,155)
================================================================================
1 August 961, Thursday (-359,308)
Tuesday (-359,359)
26 May 961, Sunday
(-359,375) Otto, son of Otto I The Great, was crowned King of Lorraine.
8 May 961, Wednesday (-359,393)
7 April 961, Sunday (-359,424) Easter Sunday.
1 January 961, Tuesday
(-359,520) week 51,360
===============================================================================
1 August 960, Wednesday (-359,673)
8 May 960, Tuesday (-359,758)
22 April 960, Sunday (-359,774) Easter Sunday.
1 January 960, Sunday
(-359,886)
===============================================================================
25 December 959, Sunday (-359,893)
7 November 959, Monday (-359,941) Byzantine Emperor Constantine VII
Porphyrogenitus died after a reign of 47 years. He was succeeded by his son
Romanus II, who misruled for 4 years.
23 October 959, Sunday (-359,956)
1 October 959, Saturday (-359,978) King Eadwig of England died, and was
succeeded by his brother Edgar, who effectively completed the unification of
England when Northumbria finally submitted to his rule.
1 August 959, Monday (-360,039)
2 June 959, Thursday (-360,099) Odo, Archbishop of Canterbury, died.
8 May 959, Sunday (-360,124)
3 April 959, Sunday (-360,159)
Easter Sunday.
1 January 959, Saturday
(-360,251)
===============================================================================
Tuesday (-360,360)
1 August 958, Sunday
(-360,404)
8 May 958, Saturday (-360,489)
11 April 958, Sunday (-360,516) Easter Sunday.
1 January 958, Friday
(-360,616)
===============================================================================
1 August 957, Saturday (-360,769)
8 May 957, Friday (-360,854)
19 April 957, Sunday (-360,873) Easter Sunday.
1 January 957, Thursday
(-360,981)
================================================================================
1 August 956, Friday (-361,134)
17 June 956, Tuesday (-361,179) Hugh The Great died, 2 months after
gaining mastery of Burgundy. He was succeeded by his 18-year-old son, Hugh
Capet, who was reluctantly acknowledged as Duke of the Franks by his cousin,
Lothair, King of the Franks.
8 May 956, Thursday (-361,219)
6 April 856, Sunday (-361,251) Easter Sunday.
26 January 956, Saturday (-361,322) King Eadwig (Edwy) of England was crowned.
1 January 956, Tuesday
(-361,347) week 51,621
================================================================================
25 December 955, Tuesday
(-361,354)
23 November 955, Thursday
(-361,387) King Edred of England died and was succeeded by Eadwig, son of
Edred�s brother and former King (Edmund I).
10 August 955, Friday (-361,491) At the Battle of Lechfeld, near Augsburg,
Otto I of the Holy Roman Empire heavily defeated the Magyars, stopping their
westwards invasion into Germany.
1 August 955, Wednesday (-361,500)
8 May 955, Tuesday (-361,585)
15 April 955, Sunday (-361,608) Easter Sunday.
1 January 955, Monday
(-361,712)
================================================================================
10 September 954, Sunday (-361,825) Louis IV, King of France, died aged 33. He
was succeeded by his 13-year-old son Lothair who reigned until 986.
1 August 954, Tuesday (-361,865) week 51,695
8 May 954, Monday (-361,950)
26 March 954, Sunday (-361,993) Easter Sunday.
1 January 1954, Sunday
(-362,077)
==================================================================================
1 August 953, Monday (-362,230)
8 May 953, Sunday (-362,315)
3 April 953, Sunday (-362,350) Easter Sunday.
Tuesday (-362,362)
1 January 953, Saturday (-362,442)
================================================================================
1 August 952, Sunday
(-362,595)
8 May 952, Saturday (-362,680)
18 April 952, Sunday (-362,700) Easter Sunday.
1 January 952, Thursday
(-362,808)
================================================================================
1 August 951, Friday (-362,961)
8 May 951, Thursday (-363,046)
30 March 951, Sunday (-363,085) Easter Sunday.
1 January 951, Wednesday
(-363,173)
==============================================================================
1 August 950, Thursday (-353,326)
Tuesday (-363,363)
8 May 950, Wednesday (-363,411)
7 April 950, Sunday (-363,442) Easter Sunday.
1 January 950, Tuesday (-363,538) week
51,934
===============================================================================
1 August 949, Wednesday (-363,691)
8 May 949, Tuesday (-363,776)
22 April 949, Sunday (-363,792) Easter Sunday.
1 January 949, Monday
(-363,903)
===============================================================================
8 May 948, Monday (-364,141)
2 April 948, Sunday (-364,177) Easter Sunday.
1 January 948, Saturday
(-364,269)
===============================================================================
Tuesday (-364,364)
8 May 947, Saturday (-364,507)
11 April 947, Sunday (-364,534) Easter Sunday.
1 January 947, Friday
(-364,634)
==============================================================================
16 August 946, Sunday (-364,772) King Eadred of England was crowned.
28 July 946, Tuesday (-364,791)
26 May 946, Tuesday (-364,854) King Edmund I of England was murdered by
a fugitive whom he was trying to apprehend.�
He was succeeded by his brother, Eadred.
8 May 946, Friday (-364,872)
22 March 946, Sunday (-364,919) Easter Sunday.
1 January 946, Thursday (-364,999)
==============================================================================
25 December 945, Thursday (-365,006)
23 October 945, Thursday (-365,069)
19 September 945, Friday (-364,103) Cabiz, Islamic theologian, was executed
for maintaining that Christ was superior to Muhammad.
8 May 945, Thursday (-365,237)
6 April 945, Sunday (-365,269) Easter Sunday.
1 January 945, Wednesday
(-365,364)
=============================================================================
25 December 944, Wednesday
(-365,371)
16 December 944, Monday
(-365,380) Byzantine Emperor Romanus I was deposed by his sons.
8 May 944, Wednesday (-365,602)
14 April 944, Sunday (-365,626) Easter Sunday
1 January 944, Monday
(-365,730)
==============================================================================
8 May 943, Monday (-365,968)
26 March 943, Sunday (-366,011) Easter Sunday.
1 January 943, Sunday
(-366,095)
==============================================================================
8 May 942, Sunday (-366,333)
10 April 962, Sunday (-363,361) Easter Sunday.
Tuesday (-366,366)
1 January 942, Saturday
(-366,460)
==============================================================================
8 May 941, Saturday (-366,698)
18 April 941, Sunday (-366,718) Easter Sunday.
1 January 941, Friday
(-366,825)
==============================================================================
8 May 940, Friday (-367,063)
29 March 940, Sunday (-367,104) Easter Sunday.
1 January 940, Wednesday
(-367,191)
=============================================================================
25 December 939, Wednesday (-367,198)
29 November 939, Friday (-367,224) King Edmund I of England was crowned.
27 October 939, Sunday (-367,257) King Athelstan of Mercia died. He was
succeeded by his brother Edmund I. Son of Edward the Elder, grandson of Alfred
the Great, he was elected King of Wessex and Mercia on his father�s death in
924. He invaded Northumbria, thereby
becoming the first King of all England in 937.
Tuesday (-367,367)
8 May 939, Wednesday (-367,429)
14 April 939, Sunday (-367,453) Easter Sunday
1 January 939, Tuesday
(-367,556) week 52,508
============================================================================
8 May 938, Tuesday (-367,794)
22 April 938, Sunday (-367,810) Easter Sunday.
1 January 938, Monday
(-367,921)
==============================================================================
8 May 937, Monday (-368,159)
2 April 937, Sunday (-368,195)
Easter Sunday.
1 January 937, Sunday
(-368,286)
==============================================================================
Tuesday (-368,368)
10 July 936, Sunday (-368,461)
2 July 936, Saturday (-368,469) Henry the Fowler, King of Germany, died
aged 60 after a 17-year reign. He was succeeded by his 23-year-old son, who was
crowned Holy Roman Emperor in 962 and ruled as Otto I until 973.
8 May 936, Sunday (-368,524)
1 January 936, Friday
(-368,652)
=============================================================================
16 April 936, Sunday (-368,545) Easter Sunday.
8 May 935, Friday (-368,890)
29 March 935, Sunday (-368,930) Easter Sunday.
1 January 935, Thursday
(-369,017)
=============================================================================
8 May 934, Thursday (-369,255)
6 April 934, Sunday (-369,287) Easter Sunday.
Tuesday (-369,369)
1 January 934, Wednesday
(-369,382)
=============================================================================
8 May 933, Wednesday (-369,620)
14 April 933, Sunday (-369,644) Easter Sunday
1 January 933, Tuesday
(-369,747) week 52,821
===============================================================================
8 May 932, Tuesday (-369,985)
8 April 932, Sunday (-370,015)
1 April 932, Sunday (-370,022) Easter Sunday.
1 January 932, Sunday
(-370,113)
===============================================================================
8 May 931, Sunday (-370,351)
Tuesday (-370,370)
10 April 931, Sunday (-370,379) Easter Sunday.
1 January 931, Saturday
(-370,478)
=============================================================================
8 May 930, Saturday (-370,716)
18 April 930, Sunday (-370,736) Easter Sunday.
1 January 930, Friday
(-370,843)
=============================================================================
25 December 929, Friday (-370,850)
23 October 929, Friday (-370,913)
7 October 929, Wednesday (-370,929) Charles III, The Simple, King of
France, died.
28 September 929, Monday (-370,938) Prince Wenceslas of Bohemia was murdered
by his brother Boleslav I, who then proclaimed his independence from Henry I of
Germany.
4 September 929, Friday (-370,962) Henry I of Germany defeated the Wends, and
converted them to Christianity.
21 August 929, Friday (-370,976)
8 May 929, Friday (-371,081)
5 April 929, Sunday (-371,114) Easter Sunday.
16 January 929, Friday (-371,193) Abd ar Rahman III, Umayyad Emir of Spain,
declared himself Caliph, independent of Baghdad.
1 January 929, Thursday
(-371,208)
=============================================================================
Tuesday (-371,371)
8 May 928, Thursday (-371,446)
13 April 928, Sunday (-371,471) Easter Sunday
1 January 928, Tuesday
(-371,574) week 53,082
=============================================================================
27 May 927, Sunday (-371,793) Bulgar King Simeon (ruled 893-927) died. He
fixed the Bulgarian capital at Preslav; the Bulgarian Empire now extended from
the Adriatic to the Black Sea.� He was
succeeded by his son Peter, who signed a peace agreement with Byzantium that
restored Byzantine control of Serbia.
8 May 927, Tuesday (-371, 812)
25 March 927, Sunday (-371,856) Easter Sunday.
1 January 927, Monday
(-371,939)
==========================================================================
8 May 926, Monday (-372,177)
2 April 926, Sunday (-372,213)
Easter Sunday.
1 January 926, Sunday
(-372,304)
==========================================================================
25 December 925, Sunday
(-372,311)
23 October 925, Sunday
(-372,374)
4 September 925, Sunday
(-372,423) Coronation of King Aethelstan of England.
8 May 925, Sunday (-372,542)
16 April 925, Sunday (-372,563) Easter Sunday.
1 January 925, Saturday
(-372,669)
============================================================================
17 July 924, Saturday (-372,837) King Edward the Elder of England died and
was succeeded by his son Aethlstan.
10 July 924, Saturday (-372,,844)
8 May 924, Saturday (-372,907)
28 March 924, Sunday� (-372,948) Easter Sunday.
1 January 924, Thursday
(-373,035)
===========================================================================
15 June 923, Sunday (-373,235) Robert I, King of France, was killed in
battle.
8 May 923, Thursday (-373,273)
6 April 923, Sunday (-373,305) Easter Sunday.
Tuesday (-373,373)
1 January 923, Wednesday
(-373,400)
===========================================================================
922,
25 December 922, Wednesday
(-373,407)
23 October 922, Wednesday
(-373,470)
29 September 922, Sunday (-373,494) In France, Charles III (The Simple) was
deposed by rebellious barons and replaced by King Odo who was crowned this day
at Reims.
8 May 922, Wednesday (-373,638)
21
April 922, Sunday (-373,655) Easter Sunday.
1 January 922, Tuesday (-373,765) week 53,395
===========================================================================
15 September 921, Saturday (-373,873) The Duchess of Bohemia, later St Ludmila,
was assassinated by command of her daughter in law. She and her husband had
built the first Christian church in Bohemia, and she had taught her grandson,
later known as Good King Wenceslas.
8 May 921, Tuesday (-374,003)
8 April 921, Sunday (-374,033)
1 April 921, Sunday (-374,040) Easter Sunday.
1 January 921, Monday
(-374,130)
=============================================================================
25 December 920, Monday (-374,137)
17 December 920, Sunday (-378,145) Romanus I Lecapenus seized power in
Byzantium and became co-Emperor with Constantine VII.
8 May 920, Monday (-374,368)
Tuesday (-374,374)
9 April 920, Sunday (-374,397) Easter Sunday.
1 January 920, Saturday
(-374,496)
=============================================================================
8 May 919, Saturday (-374,734)
25 April 919, Sunday (-374,747) Easter Sunday.
1 January 919, Friday
(-374,861)
============================================================================
25 December 918, Friday (-374,868)
12 November 918, Thursday (-374,911) Death of Aethelflaed, eldest daughter of
Alfred the Great and Queen of Mercia. Mercia was now fully incorporated into
Wessex by King Edward the Elder.
23 October 918, Friday (-374,931)
23 September 918, Tuesday (-374,962) German King Conrad I died after a 7-year
reign.
8 May 918, Friday (-375,099)
5 April 918, Sunday (-375,132) Easter Sunday.
1 January 918, Thursday
(-375,226)
===============================================================================
Tuesday (-375,375)
8 May 917, Thursday (-375,464)
13 April 917, Sunday (-375,489) Easter Sunday
1 January 917, Wednesday
(-375,591)
=============================================================================
8 May 916, Wednesday (-375,829)
24 March 916, Sunday (-375,874) Easter Sunday.
1 January 916, Monday
(-375,957)
============================================================================
8 May 915, Monday (-376,195)
9 April 915, Sunday (-376,224) Easter Sunday.
1 January 915, Sunday
(-376,322)
===========================================================================
Tuesday (-376,376)
8 May 914, Sunday (-376,560)
16 April 914, Sunday (-376,581) Easter Sunday.
1 January 914, Saturday
(-376,687)
===========================================================================
8 May 913, Saturday (-376,925)
28 March 913, Sunday� (-376,966) Easter Sunday.
1 January 913, Friday
(-377,052)
===========================================================================
25 December 912, Friday (-377,059)
23 November 912, Sunday (-377,092) Holy Roman Emperor, Otto the Great, was
born.
15 October 912, Wednesday (-377,131) Abd Allah, Emir of Spain, died. He was
succeeded by Abd ar Rahman III, under whom the Umayyad Dynasty reached the peak
of its power and cultural achievements.
8 May 912, Friday (-377,290)
12 April 912, Sunday (-377,316) Easter Sunday.
Tuesday (-377,377)
1 January 912, Wednesday
(-377,418)
==========================================================================
25 December 911, Wednesday
(-377,425)
8 November 911, Thursday (-377,473) Following the death of King Louis III
(The Child) at age 18, the son of Conrad, Count of Lanhgau, was chosen as
German King, at Forchheim.
8 May 911, Wednesday (-377,656)
21
April 911, Sunday (-377,673) Easter Sunday.
14 April 911, Sunday (-377,680) Pope Sergius III died.
21 January 911, Monday (-377,763) Louis III The Child, last German ruler of
the Carolingian line, died.
1 January 911, Tuesday (-377,783) week 53,969
============================================================================
25 December 910, Tuesday (-377,790)
23 October 910, Tuesday (-377,853)
21 August 910, Tuesday (-377.916)
5 August 910, Sunday (-377,932) Edward the Elder of Wessex defeated the
Danes of Northumbria at Tetenhall, Staffordshire. Halfdan, King of York, was
killed.
8 May 910, Tuesday (-378,021)
8 April 910, Sunday (-378,051)
1 April 910, Sunday (-378,058) Easter Sunday.
1 January 910, Monday
(-378,148)
===========================================================================
25 December 909, Monday
(-378,155)
7 December 909, Thursday
(-378,173) (Islam) Sa�id Ibn Hussein was proclaimed Ubayd Allah al-Mahdi
(�the divinely guided one�) in Tunis. He established an Ismailite (Shiite)
caliphate in opposition to the caliphate of Baghdad, and founded the Fatimid
Dynasty.
16 May 909, Tuesday
(-378,378)
8 May 909, Monday (-378,386)
16 April 909, Sunday (-378,408) Easter Sunday.
1 January 909, Sunday
(-378,513)
==========================================================================
8 May 908, Sunday (-378,751)
27 March 908, Sunday (-)378,793 Easter Sunday.
1 January 908, Friday
(-378,879)
===========================================================================
10 May 907, Friday (-379,054)
4 July 907. Saturday (-379,060) The Bavarians suffered a disastrous defeat
by the Hungarians.
8 May 907, Friday (-379,117)
5 April 907, Sunday (-379,150) Easter Sunday.
1 January 907, Thursday
(-379,244)
==========================================================================
Tuesday (-379,379)
8 May 906, Thursday (-379,482)
2 May 906, Friday (-379,488) King Boris I of Bulgaria died.
13 April 906, Sunday (-379,507) Easter Sunday
1 January 906, Wednesday
(-379,609)
===========================================================================
8 May 905, Wednesday (-379,847)
8 April 905, Monday (-379,877)
31 March 905, Sunday (--379,885) Easter Sunday.
1 January 905, Tuesday
(-379,974) week 54,282
==========================================================================
29 July 904. Sunday (-380,130) The Arabs sacked Thessalonica, the second
greatest city of the Empire after Byzantium itself, before withdrawing.
10 July 904, Tuesday (-380,149)
8 May 904, Tuesday (-380,212)
8 April 904, Sunday (-380,242) Easter Sunday.
1 January 904, Sunday
(-380,340)
============================================================================
Tuesday (-380,380)
8 May 903, Sunday (-380,578)
16 April 903, Sunday (-380,599) Easter Sunday.
1 January 903, Saturday
(-380,705)
==========================================================================
25 December 902, Saturday (-380,712)
13 December 902, Monday (-380,724) The Anglo-Saxon men of Kent defeated the
Vikings of East Anglia at the Battle of the Holme.
11 October 902, Monday (-380,787)
9 August 902, Monday (-380,850)
1 August 902. Sunday (-380,858) The Arabs captured Taormina, which completed
their conquest of Sicily from Byzantium.
8 May 902, Saturday (-380,943)
28 March 902, Sunday� (-380,984) Easter Sunday.
1 January 902, Friday
(-381,070)
===========================================================================
8 May 901, Friday (-381,308)
12 April 901, Sunday (-381,334) Easter Sunday
Tuesday (-381,381)
1 January 901, Thursday
(-381,435)
==========================================================================
8 June 900, Sunday (-381,642) Coronation of Edward the Elder, King oif
Wessex (born 871 or 872)..
8 May 900, Thursday (-381,673)
20 April 900, Sunday (-381,691)
Easter Sunday.
8 January 900, Tuesday (-381,794)
1 January 900, Tuesday
(-381,801) week 54,543
==========================================================================
25 December 899, Tuesday (-381,808)
26 October 899. Friday (-381,868) Death
of King Alfred the Great, succeeded by Edward the Elder. Born in ca.848,
he was sent at the age of 5 to be confirmed by Pope Leo IV. At this time Alfred
had three elder brothers and so was by no means guaranteed to be the future
King of Wessex. Alfred�s two eldest brothers, Aethelbald and Aethelbert, had
short reigns. The third brother, Aethelred, became king in 866. In 868 Aethelred
and Alfred made an unsuccessful attempt to throw the Danes out of Mercia. In
870 numerous battles were fought by Aethelred against the Danes; a Danish
defeat at Englefield, Berkshire, on 31/112/870 was followed by a Danish victory
at Reading on 4 January 871. The Danes lost again at the Battle of Ashdown,
near Compton Beauchamp, Shrivenham, on 8 January 871, but defeated the English
on 22 January 871 at Basing, and repeated the Danish victory at Marton,
Wiltshire, on 22 March 871. Aethelred, Alfred�s older brother, died in April
871, and while Alfred was busy with the funeral the Danes won another victory,
and defeated his army once more at Wilton in May 871.
From then until 876 the Danes were occupied fighting
elsewhere in England but in 876 they returned to Wessex to occupy Wareham and
in 877 managed to take Exeter. Here the Danes were blockaded by Alfred, and a
Danish relief fleet was scattered by storms. Hence the Danes submitted and
withdrew to Mercia. In early January 878 the Danes suddenly attacked King
Alfred�s Christmas celebrations at Chippenham; most were killed but Alfred and
a few men escaped to the fort at Athelney, from where he made preparations for
attacks on the Danes. By May 878 Alfred was ready and he moved out of Athelney,
joined by armed soldiers from Somerset, Wiltshire, and Hampshire. The Danes
also moved out of their camp at Chippenham and the two armies met at Edington
in Wiltshire. The result was a decisive victory for Alfred; the Danes
surrendered, and Guthrum, the Danish King, and 29 of his chief men, submitted
to baptism as Christians. By the Peace
of Wedmore, 878, the Danes were cleared from all of Wessex and from
Mercia west of Watling Street. There were no more Danish attacks on England
until 884 or 885 when a Danish landing in Kent was successfully repelled; this
nevertheless encouraged an uprising by East Anglian Danes. Alfred then managed
to capture London from the Danes.. After a further period of peace, the Danes
on the continent found their position becoming more precarious and in 892 or
893, attempted to colonise, with their women and children, areas of Kent and
the Thames estuary.
8 May 899, Tuesday (-382,039)
8 April 899, Sunday (-382,069)
1 April 899, Sunday (-382,076) Easter Sunday.
1 January 899, Monday
(-382,166)
==============================================================================
898,
Tuesday (-382,382)
8 May 898, Monday (-382,404)
16 April 898, Sunday (-382,426) Easter Sunday.
1 January 898, Sunday (-382,531) Odo, King of France, died and was succeeded
by Charles II The Simple.
============================================================================
8 May 897, Sunday (-382,769)
27 March 897, Sunday (-382,811) Easter Sunday.
1 January 897, Saturday (-382,896)
===========================================================================
8 May 896, Saturday (-383,134)
4 April 896, Sunday (-383,168) Easter Sunday
1 January 1896, Thursday
(-383,262)
========================================================================
25 December 895, Thursday
(-383,269)
23 October 895, Thursday
(-383,332)
Tuesday (-383,383)
24 August 895, Sunday
(-383,392) Death of Gothfrith, ruler of Jorvik from 883.
21 August 895, Thursday
(-383,395)
8 May 895, Thursday (-383,500)
20 April 895, Sunday (-383,518)
Easter Sunday.
1 January 895, Wednesday
(-383,627)
=======================================================================
8 May 894, Wednesday (-383,865)
8 April 894, Monday (-383,895)
31 March 894, Sunday (-383,903) Easter Sunday.
1 January 894, Tuesday
(383,992) week 54,856
========================================================================
8 May 893, Tuesday (-384,230)
8 April 893, Sunday (-384,260) Easter Sunday.
28 January 893, Sunday (-384,330) Charles III The Simple was crowned King of
France, after a revolt against Odo�s rule.
1 January 893, Monday
(-384,357)
========================================================================
25 December 892, Monday
(-384,364)
Tuesday (-384,384)
15 October 892, Sunday
(-384,435) (Iraq) Caliph al-Mutamid died and was succeeded by his son
al-Mutadid, who restored the capital to Baghdad.
8 May 892, Monday (-384,595)
23 April 892, Sunday (-384,610) Easter Sunday.
1 January 892, Saturday
(-384,723)
========================================================================
14 September 891, Tuesday (-384,832)
Pope Stephen V died.
1 September 891, Wednesday (-384,845) (France-Germany) The Vikings were
defeated at Louvain (now, Belgium), and later again at Brabant.
8 May 891, Saturday (-384,961)
4 April 891, Sunday (-384,995) Easter Sunday.
1 January 891, Friday
(-385,088)
=========================================================================
8 May 890, Friday (-385,326)
12 April 890, Sunday (-385,352) Easter Sunday
Tuesday (-385,385)
1 January 890, Thursday
(-385,453)
==========================================================================
8 May 889, Thursday (-385,691)
23 March 889, Sunday (-385,737) Easter Sunday.
1 January 889, Wednesday
(385,818)
============================================================================
24 June 888, Monday (-386,009) Odo defeated the Vikings at Montfaucon,
France.
8 May 888, Wednesday (-386,056)
7 April 888, Sunday (-386,087) Easter Sunday.
13 January 888,� Saturday (-386,172) With
the death of Charles the Fat, the Frankish kingdom was split again, and this
time permanently. Odo, Count of Paris became King of the Western Franks.
1 January 888, Monday
(-386,184)
===============================================================================
18 September 887, Monday
(-388,289) Pietro, Doge of Venice, was killed in an expedition against the
Dalmatian pirates
11 September 887, Monday
(-388,296)
10 July 887, Monday
(-388,359)
Tuesday (-386,386)
8 May 887, Monday (-386,422)
16 April 887, Sunday (-386,444) Easter Sunday.
1 January 887, Sunday
(-386,549)
===============================================================================
25 December 886, Sunday (-386,556)
23 October 886, Sunday (-386,619)
29 August 886, Monday (-386,674) Byzantine Emperor Basil I died after a
19-year reign. He was succeeded by a son of the late Emperor Michael (by
Basil�s widow, Eudocia); he reigned until 912 as Leo VI (The Wise).
21 August 886, Sunday (-386,682)
8 May 886, Sunday (-386,787)
27 March 886, Sunday (-386,829) Easter Sunday.
1 January 886, Saturday
(-386,914)
=================================================================================
25 December 885, Saturday (-386,921)
26 November 885, Friday (-386,950) (France) Paris was attacked by the Vikings but
they failed to take the city, despite a long siege lasting until October 886.
In the end they were bought off by Charles the Fat, with 700 pounds of silver.
They were sent off to ravage Burgundy, then in revolt against Frankish rule.
8 May 885, Saturday (-387,152)
11 April 885, Sunday (-387,179) Easter Sunday
6 April 885, Tuesday (-387,184) (Christian) Methodius of Moravia died; he
had promoted the use of Slavonic, rather than Latin, in the Liturgy. Pope
Stephen V banned this use of Slavonic and after Methodius� death his followers
were expelled from Moravia by Svatopulk.
1 January 885, Friday
(-387,279)
=================================================================================
25 December 884, Friday (-387,286)
12 December 884, Saturday (-387,299) King Carloman of France died whilst out
hunting and was succeeded as King of the West Franks by Holy Roman Emperor
Charles III (The Fat), son of the late Louis the German. The French nobility
had invited Charles III to be his successor; this reunited Charlemagne�s
Empire.
Tuesday (-387,387)
8 May 884, Friday (-387,517)
19 April 884, Sunday (-387,536) Easter Sunday.
1 January 884, Wednesday
(-387,645)
==================================================================================
8 May 883, Wednesday (-387,883)
8 April 883, Monday (-387,913)
31 March 883, Sunday (-387,921) Easter Sunday.
1 January 883, Tuesday
(-388,010)
==================================================================================
25 December 882, Tuesday (-388,017)
15 December 882, Saturday (-388,027) Pope John VIII was murdered. Marinus I
succeeded him.
5 August 882, Sunday (-388,159) Louis III, King of France, died, aged 19.
His brother Carloman succeeded him.
10 July 882, Tuesday (-388,185)
8 May 882, Tuesday (-388,248)
8 April 882, Sunday (-388,278) Easter Sunday.
1 January 882, Monday
(-388,375)
==================================================================================
Tuesday (-388,388)
8 May 881, Monday (-388,613)
23 April 881, Sunday (-388,628) Easter Sunday.
12 February 881, Sunday (-388,698) (France-Germany) Pope John VIII crowned
Charles III The Fat as Emperor.
1 January 881, Sunday
(-388,740)
=================================================================================
8 May 880, Sunday (-388,978)
3 April 880, Sunday (-389,013) Easter Sunday
1 January 880, Friday
(-389,106)
=================================================================================
8 May 879, Friday (-389,344)
12 April 879, Sunday (-389,370) Easter Sunday
10 April 879, Friday (-389,372) King Louis II (The Stammerer) of France
died at Compeigne, aged 32, after a reign of 18 months. He was succeeded
jointly by his sons, Louis III and Carloman, and divided the kingdom between
them a few months later.
Tuesday (-389,389)
1 January 879, Thursday
(-389,471)
=================================================================================
8 May 878, Thursday (-389,709)
23 March 878, Sunday (-389,755) Easter Sunday.
1 January 878, Wednesday
(-389,836)
=================================================================================
1 December 877, Sunday (-389,867)
1 November 877, Friday (-389,897)
23 October 877, Wednesday (-389,906) (Christian) St Ignatius of
Constantinople, Byzantine prelate who had opposed Imperial interference in
Church affairs, died.
5 October 877, Saturday (-389,924) King Charles the Bald of France died.
14 June 877, Friday (-390,037) Charles II the Bald consolidated the
feudal hereditary system of fiefdoms. The King granted land, held in heredity,
in return for military service.
7 May 877, Tuesday (-390,075) Charles II The Bald raised a tax to bribe
the Vikings to leave the Seine region.
7 April 877, Sunday (-390,105) Easter Sunday.
1 April 877, Monday (-390,111)
1 March 877, Friday (-390,142)
1 February 877, Friday (-390,170)
1 January 877, Tuesday
(-390,201) week 55,743
===============================================================================
25 December 876, Tuesday (-390,208)
23 October 876, Tuesday (-390,271)
28 August 876, Thursday (-390,332) Louis II the German died. His lands were
divided amongst his sons. Carloman received Bavaria and the Eastern March, and
Louis the Younger ruled Saxony and Franconia. Charles the Fat became King of
Alemannia, as Charles III.
Tuesday (-390,390)
8 May 876, Tuesday (-390,439)
15 April 876, Sunday (-390,462) Easter Sunday.
1 January 876, Sunday
(-390,567)
=============================================================================
25 December 875, Sunday (-390,574) (France-Germany) Pope John VIII crowned
Charles the Bald as Emperor of the West.
12 August 875, Friday (-390,709) Holy Roman Emperor Louis II died in Brescia,
aged 50.
10 July 875, Sunday (-390,742)
8 May 875, Sunday (-390,805)
27 March 875, Sunday (-390,847) Easter Sunday.
1 January 875, Saturday
(390,932)
==============================================================================
8 May 874, Saturday (-391,170)
11 April 874, Sunday (-391,197) Easter Sunday.
1 January 874, Friday
(-391,297)
===============================================================================
8 May 873, Friday (-391,535)
19 April 873, Sunday (-391,554) Easter Sunday.
1 January 873, Thursday
(-391,662)
=============================================================================
8 May 872, Thursday (-391,900)
30 March 872, Sunday (-391,939) Easter Sunday.
1 January 872, Tuesday
(-392,028)
============================================================================
8 May 871, Tuesday (-392,266)
23 April 871, Monday (-392,281) King Ethelred of Wessex died in battle
against the Danes; he was succeeded by King Alfred.
15
April 871, Sunday (-392,289) Easter Sunday.
25 March 871, Sunday (-392,310)
22 March 871, Thursday (-392,313)
Battle of Marton (Wiltshire), between the Danes and Wessex.
22 February 871, Thursday (-392,341)
2 February 871, Friday (-392,361) Louis II (the German) evicted the Arabs
from Bari, southern Italy.
22 January 871, Monday (-392,372)
Battle of Basing, between the Danes and Wessex. King Ethelred of Wessex was
defeated.
8 January 871, Monday (-392,386) Battle
of Ashdown, between the Danes and Wessex. King Ethelred of Wessex defeated
the Danes.
4 January 871, Thursday (-392,390) Battle of Reading, between the Danes and
Wessex. King Ethelred of Wessex was defeated.
Tuesday (-392,392)
1
January 871, Monday (-392,393)
==================================================================================
31 December 870, Sunday (-392,394) Battle of Englefield (Berkshire), between
the Danes and Wessex. King Ethelred of Wessex defeated the Danes.
20 November 870, Monday (-392,435) The Danes murdered Edmund, King of East
Anglia, when he refused to become their subject. He was succeeded by Oswald,
last English King of East Anglia. The Danes moved south west and camped at
Reading, ready to invade Wessex.
8 August 870, Tuesday (-392,539)
The Treaty of Mersen was signed.� Charles
the Bald and his half-brother Louis the German divided the Kingdom of their
nephew Lothair II (died 869) between them.
10 July 870, Monday (-392,568)
8 May 870, Monday (-392,631)
26 March 870, Sunday (-392,674) Easter Sunday.
1 January 870, Sunday
(-392,758)
==================================================================================
30 October 869, Monday (-392,820) The radical German theologian Gottschalk
of Orbais died.
9 October 869, Monday (-392,841)
9 September 869, Friday (-392,872) Charles II (The Bald) was crowned King of
Lothairingia, after the death of his nephew Lothair.
8 August 869, Monday (-392,904) Lothair II, King of Lotharingia, died.
28 July 869, Thursday (-392,915)
26 May 869, Thursday (-392,978) An earthquake and tsunami devastated a
large part of the Sanriku� coast near
Sendai, Japan.
8 May 869, Sunday (-392,996)
3 April 869, Sunday (-393,031)
14 February 869, Sunday (-393,080) St Cyril died. He had conducted Christian
missionary work in the Balkans and other areas of eastern Europe.
1 January 869, Saturday
(-393,123)
================================================================================
11 May 868. Tuesday (-393,358) The world�s first printed book, the Diamond Sutra, was published in
China. It was found in 1900.
8 May 868, Saturday (-393,361)
18 April 868, Sunday (-393,381) Easter Sunday.
Tuesday (-393,393)
1 January 868, Thursday
(-393,489)
===============================================================================
25 December 867, Thursday
(-393,496)
13 November 867, Thursday (-393,538) Pope Nicholas I died.
13 October 867, Monday (-393,569)
24 September 867, Wednesday (-393,588) Byzantine Emperor Michael III was
murdered. His successor Basil I founded the Macedonian Dynasty.
8 May 867, Thursday (-393,727)
30 March 867, Sunday (-393,766) Easter Sunday.
21 March 867, Friday (-393,775) Death of King Aelle II, last independent
King of Northumbria, in battle against the Vikings (acceded 862). He was
replaced by Egbert, a puppet ruler installed by the Vikings, who ruled until
872. Egbert was deposed in 872 by a revolt against Viking rule.
1 January 867, Wednesday
(-393,854)
===============================================================================
8 May 866, Wednesday (-394,092)
23 April 866, Tuesday (-394,107) The Logothete (senior government
official) Bardas was� murdered by
Byzantine Emperor Michael III.
7 April 866, Sunday (-394,123) Easter Sunday.
1 January 866, Tuesday
(-394,219) week 56,317
================================================================================
Tuesday (-394,394)
8 May 865, Tuesday (-394,457)
22 April 865, Sunday (-394,473) Easter Sunday.
3 February 865, Saturday (-394,551) (Christian Missionary) St Anskar, the
Bishop of Hamburg who had led Christian missions to Denmark and Sweden, died.
1 January 865, Monday
(-394,584)
===============================================================================
23 July 864, Sunday (-394,746) Edict of Pistres: Charles the Bald ordered
defensive measures against the Vikings.
10 July 864, Monday (-394,759)
8 May 864, Monday (-394,822)
2 April 864, Sunday (-394,858) Easter Sunday.
1 January 864, Saturday
(-394,950)
==============================================================================
8 May 863, Saturday (-395,188)
11 April 863, Sunday (-395,215) Easter Sunday.
1 January 863, Friday
(-395,315)
=============================================================================
Tuesday (-395,395)
8 May 862, Friday (-395,553)
19 April 862, Sunday (-395,572) Easter Sunday.
1 January 862, Thursday
(-395,680)
=============================================================================
11 December 861, Thursday (-395,701) Abbasid Caliph al-Mutawakkil was
assassinated, starting The Anarchy at Samarra.
8 May 861, Thursday (-395,918)
6 April 861, Sunday (-395,950) Easter Sunday.
1 January 861, Wednesday
(-396,045)
=============================================================================
25 December 860, Wednesday (-396,052)
20 December 860, Friday (-396,657) Death of King Athelbald of Wessex (acceded
855). He was succeeded by King Athelbert of Kent.
8 May 860, Wednesday (-396,283)
14 April 860, Sunday (-396,307) Easter Sunday
Tuesday (-396,396)
1 January 860, Monday
(-396,411)
===========================================================================
3 June 859. Saturday (-396,623) Edgar,
King of All England, was crowned on Whit Sunday by Dunstan, Archbishop
of Canterbury, in the Saxon Abbey on the site of the present Bath Abbey.
8 May 859, Monday (-396,649)
26 March 859, Sunday (-396,692) Easter Sunday.
1 January 859, Sunday
(-396,776)
================================================================================
13 June 858, Monday (-396,978) Ethelwulf, King of Wessex, died and was
succeeded by his son Ethelbald, who had been his co-ruler for three years and
who married his stepmother Judith.
8 May 858, Sunday (-397,014)
7 April 858, Thursday (-397,045\) Pope Benedict III died.
3 April 858, Sunday (-397,049)
Easter Sunday.
1 January 858, Saturday
(-397,141)
=================================================================================
8 May 857, Saturday (-397,379)
Tuesday (-397,397)
18 April 857, Sunday (-397,399) Easter Sunday.
1 January 857, Friday
(-397,506)
================================================================================
25 December 856, Friday (-397,513) The Vikings attacked and burnt Paris.
22 December 856, Tuesday (-397,516) Earthquake in Danghan, Iran, killed
200,000.
20 October 856, Tuesday (-397,579)
1 October 856, Thursday (-397,597) Aethelwulf, King of Wessex, married
Judith, 12 year old daughter of Charles the Bald.
8 May 856, Friday (-397,744)
29 March 856, Sunday (-392,785)) Easter Sunday.
1 January 856, Wednesday
(-397,872)
============================================================================
25 December 855, Wednesday (-397,879)
23 October 855, Wednesday (-397,942)
29 September 855, Sunday (-397,966) Holy Roman Emperor Lothair abdicated in Prum
aged 60. He divided his kingdom between his three sons. 33-year-old Louis II
received Italy, which he had already governed since 844, and now ruled until
875. His brother Lothair received Austrasia, which he renamed Lotharingia,
later, Lorraine A third son received Provence and southern Burgundy.
8 May 855, Wednesday (-398,110)
7 April 855, Sunday (-398,141) Easter Sunday.
1 January 855, Tuesday
(-398,237)
==============================================================================
Tuesday (-398,398)
8 May 854, Tuesday (-398,475)
22 April 854, Sunday (-398,491) Easter Sunday.
1 January 854, Monday
(-398,602)
==============================================================================
8 May 853, Monday (-398,840)
2 April 853, Sunday (-398,876) Easter Sunday.
1 January 853, Sunday
(-398,967)
============================================================================
8 May 852, Sunday (-399,205)
10 April 852, Sunday (-399,233) Easter Sunday.
1 January 852, Friday
(-398,333)
=============================================================================
Tuesday (-399,399)
22 August 851, Saturday (-399,465) (France) Battle
of Jengland. Duke Nominoe of Brittany died in 851, and the Frankish Emperor
Charles the Bald took the opportunity to march in with 4,000 armoured Frankish
infantry and 1,000 lightly-armed Saxon foot soldiers. He could have taken
cavalry but chose not to. The new Duke of Brittany, Erispoe, ambushed the
invading force at Jengland as they advanced up the old Roman road from Nantes,
using Breton horsemen who threw javelins at the foot soldiers. They then
withdrew, but any Franks who pursued them were then cut down in disarray. The
Franks retreated on the second day of battle, demoralised by the clandestine
departure of their leader earlier. A few weeks later at the Peace of Angers,
Charles the Bald recognised Erispoe as King of Brittany, with greatly expanded
borders. This
is considered as the birth of the Breton state.
10 July 851, Friday (-399,508)
8 May 851, Friday (-399,571)
8 April 851, Wednesday (-399,601)
22 March 851, Sunday (-399,618) ) Easter Sunday
1 January 851, Thursday
(-399,698))
===============================================================================
8 May 850, Thursday (-399,936)
6 April 850, Sunday (-399,968) Easter Sunday.
5 March 850, Wednesday (-400,000)
1 January 850, Wednesday
(-400,063)
================================================================================
8 May 849, Wednesday (-400,301)
14 April 849, Sunday (-400,325) Easter Sunday
Tuesday (-400,400)
1 January 849, Tuesday
(-400,428) week 57,204
================================================================================
8 May 848, Tuesday (-400,666)
4 April 848,� Wednesday (-400,700)
25 March 848, Sunday (-400,710) Easter Sunday.
1 January 848, Sunday
(-400,794)
==============================================================================
8 May 847, Sunday (-401,032)
10 April 847, Sunday (-401,060) Easter Sunday.
1 January 847, Saturday
(-401,159)
==============================================================================
25 December 846, Saturday (-401,166)
1 November 846, Monday (-401,220) Louis II, King of France, was born.
8 May 846, Saturday (-401,397)
Tuesday (-401,401)
18 April 846, Sunday (-401,417) Easter Sunday.
1 January 846, Friday
(-401,524)
==============================================================================
8 May 845, Friday (-401,762)
29 March 845, Sunday (-402,802) ) Easter Sunday.
28 March 845, �Saturday (-402,803) Siege
of Paris ended when Paris was sacked by a Viking raiding fleet, probably under
Ragnar Lodbrok, who collected a huge ransom in exchange for leaving. The
Vikings also sacked Hamburg and Melun.
1 January 845, Thursday
(-401,889)
==============================================================================
8 May 844, Thursday (-402,127)
13 April 844, Sunday (-402,152) Easter Sunday
1 January 844, Tuesday
(-402,255) week 57,465
======================