Chronography of events from 1 Janury 700 to 31 December 1199
Page last modified 26/11/2022
(-9999) = Day count to end of World War Two in Europe (day zero = Tuesday). Easter Sundays derived from https://www.staff.science.uu.nl/~gent0113/easter/easter_text2b.htm
For dates from 1/1/1200 click here
1/1/1200, Saturday (-272,226)
==================================================================================
27/5/1199, Thursday (-272,445) (Britain,
France) King John became King of England,
also the Angevin lands in France.
18/4/1199, Sunday (-272,484) Easter Sunday.
6/4/1199. Tuesday (-272,496) Richard I, Richard Lionheart, died, killed by an arrow in battle whilst
besieging Chaluz Castle.
1/1/1199, Friday (-272,591)
==================================================================================
10/12/1198, Thursday
(-272,613) (Islam)
Abu al Walid, also known as Averroes, Arab philosopher, died in Marrakesh,
Morocco.
9/6/1198, Tuesday
(-272,797) Otto of Brunswick was
crowned King of Germany and Holy Roman Emperor, Otto IV.
17/5/1198, Sunday (-272,820)
Frederick, infant son of Holy Roman Emperor Henry VI, was crowned King of Sicily.
29/4/1198, Wednesday (-272,838)
29/3/1198, Sunday (-272,869) Easter Sunday.
8/1/1198. Thursday (-272,949) (1) Pope
Celestine III died.
(2) On his election as Pope, Innocent
III called for a new Crusade.
1/1/1198, Thursday
(-272,956)
=================================================================================
1/10/1197, Monday
(-272,987)
28/9/1197, Friday
(-272,990) Holy Roman Emperor Henry VI died. Civil war broke out between Henry�s
brother Philip of Swabia and Otto IV, son of Henry the Lion, Duke of Saxony.
6/4/1197, Sunday (-273,226) Easter Sunday
1/1/1197, Wednesday (-273,321)
================================================================================
25/12/1196, Wednesday (-273,328) (Germany) Frederick II, son of Henry VI,
was elected King of the Romans
17/11/1196, Sunday (-273,366) (Germany) Pope Celestine rejected the suggestion
by Holy Roman Emperor Henry VI that the office of Holy Roman Emperor should be
hereditary, not elective.
21/4/1196, Sunday (-273,576)
Easter Sunday.
1/1/1196, Monday (-273,687)
================================================================================
6/8/1195, Sunday (-273,835) Henry the Lion, Duke of Saxony, died.
18/7/1195, Tuesday (-273,854) (Spain) The
Almohads won a� major victory over
Christian forces at Alarcos. However
they had to deal with internal dissentions and were unable to follow up this
victory.
8/4/1195, Saturday (-273,955) Emperor Isaac II Angelus was deposed
whilst on a hunting trip by his brother Alexius. Alexius now became Emperor
Alexius III Angelus; he captured Isaac at Satgira, Macedonia, and blinded him.
2/4/1195, Sunday
(-273,961) Easter Sunday. Holy Roman Emperor Henry IV proclaimed a Crusade at Bari.
1/1/1195, Sunday
(-274,052)
====================================================================================
26/12/1194, Monday
(-274,058) (Germany) Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor, was
born at Iesi, Italy.
25/12/1194, Sunday (-274,059)
Holy Roman Emperor Henry VI was crowned King of Sicily and Naples.
20/11/1194, Sunday (-274,094)
Holy Roman Emperor Henry IV, who had already conquered� southern Italy, now took Palermo and gained
control of Sicily.
27/6/1194, Monday (-274,240)
10/6/1194, Friday (-274,257)
Chartres Cathedral, France, burnt down.
25/4/1194, Monday
(-274,303) (Italy) Eccelino da Romano,
Ghibelline leader and supporter of Frederick II, was born (died 7/10/1259).
17/4/1194, Sunday
(-274,311) Second coronation of Richard I of England, a ceremony he
arranged after his return from the Crusades, following John�s attempt to usurp
the throne, to re-establish his authority.
10/4/1194, Sunday (-274,318) Easter Sunday.
26/3/1194, Saturday
(-274,333) Richard captured Nottingham Castle � the cause of his brother,
John was lost.
3/3/1194, Thursday (-274,356)
King Richard I of England began to build an anti-French coalition to combat the
aspirations of his brother John and his French allies.
1/1/1194, Saturday
(-274,417)
=================================================================================
29/6/1193, Tuesday (-274,603)
King Richard I of England was released by Holy Roman Emperor Henry IV, to whom
Leopold of Austria had passed him. Richard became Henry I�s vassal.
27/4/1193, Tuesday (-274,666)
28/3/1193, Sunday (-274,696)
Easter Sunday.
4/3/1193. Thursday
(-274,720) Saladdin, Sultan of
Egypt, died. See 2/11/1192.
1/1/1193, Friday
(-274,782)
==================================================================================
25/12/1192, Friday (-274,789)
11/12/1192, Friday (-274,803)
Returning from the Crusades, King Richard I of England was captured near Vienna
by Leopold, Duke of Austria. Richard�s brother John, who had pretensions to the
throne, now allied with Philip I of France.
2/11/1192. Monday (-274,842) Peace was concluded between Richard
I (Lionheart) of England and Saladin
of Jerusalem (see 2/12/1187). The Crusades never achieved their objective of
liberating the Holy Land from the Muslims but because they caused the death of
so many noblemen the system of serfdom
and landholding in Europe was gradually dismantled. Feudalism gradually ended over the period 1300 to the Thirty Year�s War,
1618-48.
2/9/1192, Wednesday (-274,903)
5/8/1192, Wednesday (-274,931) (Christian) Final battle of the Third Crusade, at Jaffa. After victory at Arsuf, Richard
I had spent months capturing castles and winning minor fights, but never
managed to attain his ultimate objective of gaining Jerusalem. In late July
1192 he was in Acre, planning his return trip to England when Saladin
unexpectedly attacked Jaffa. Saladin took the town but not the citadel, Richard
I arrived at Jaffa by sea and managed to drive the Muslims away from Jaffa.
Saladin and Richard I then opened peace negotiations. The end result was a deal
that left the Christians with just a narrow coastal strip in the Holy Land, but
did at least ensure their presence there for another century.
28/4/1192, Tuesday (-275,030)
Conrad of Montferrat, Crusader King of Jerusalem, died.
5/4/1192, Sunday
(-275,053) Easter Sunday. Guy de Lusignan, King of Jerusalem, was deposed
and succeeded by Conrad, Marquis of Montferrat. Guy received Cyprus as
compensation.
1/1/1192, Wednesday
(-275,148)
=================================================================================
6/9/1191, Friday
(-275,265) (Christian) Richard I defeated the Saracens at
the Battle of Arsouf, then marched
on Jaffa.
4/7/1191, Thursday
(-275,329) (Christian) Crusaders under Richard I captured
Acre from Saladdin, during the Third Crusade.
12/5/1191, Sunday
(-275,382) Berengaria, wife of King Richard I of England, was crowned Queen
at St George�s Chapel, Limassol, Cyprus.
15/4/1191, Monday (-275,409)
Pope Celestine III crowned Henry IV as Holy Roman Emperor.
14/4/1191, Sunday (-275,410) Easter Sunday
8/2/1191, Friday (-275,475)
Yaroslav II, Grand Prince of Vladimir, was born.
1/1/1191, Tuesday
(-275,513) week
39,539
===================================================================================
4/7/1190, Wednesday
(-275,694) Richard I set out on a
Crusade, leaving his younger brother John in Europe.
21/6/1190, Thursday (-275,707)
The German Crusaders arrived in Antioch.
10/6/1190. Sunday (-275,718) Holy Roman Emperor Frederick
I (Barbarossa) drowned in the River Saleph (now, Goksu) on his way to the Holy
Land in the Third Crusade. He was succeeded by his son Henry IV.
18/5/1190, Friday (-275,741)
Holy Roman Emperor Frederick I advanced into Konya, capital of Rum, western Turkey.
8/5/1190. Tuesday (-275,751) After some six months of
increasing persecution, 500 Jews were
massacred in York after they had taken refuge in the Castle there. The
Jews were killed by groups of young men after a three day siege before these
men were due to depart on a Crusade, backed by people who were deeply in debt
to Jewish moneylenders. King Richard I,
crowned on 2/9/189, showed his dislike of the Jews� by forbidding any to attend his coronation
feast, and anti-Semitism was on the rise in England from then.
25/3/1190, Sunday (-275,795) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1190, Monday (-275,878)
===================================================================================
25/12/1189, �Monday (-275,885)
12/12/1189, Tuesday (-275,898)
King Richard I of England left on the Crusade.
18/11/1189, Saturday (-275,922)
William II, King of Sicily, died. His cousin, Tancred, Count of Lecce, seized
the throne.
23/10/1189, Monday (-275,948)
4/10/1189, Wednesday
(-275,967) (Christian) Saladin returned to Acre with a
larger army to relieve the Crusader siege. Both sides lost heavily, and the
siege continued.
15/9/1189, Friday (-275,986) (Christian)
Saladin attempted to relieve the siege of Acre, which was wanted by Guy of
Jerusalem so he could use the port as a base for the expected Third Crusade.
However the Muslim forces were driven off.
3/9/1189. Sunday (-275,998) Richard the Lionheart (Richard I) was crowned King at Westminster,
after his father Henry II, died.
His first act was to free his mother Eleanor of Aquitaine from the Tower of
London where King Henry II imprisoned her 16 years earlier for supporting their
sons, Richard and John, in a rebellion against Henry. Richard was planning a
Third Crusade.
13/8/1189, Sunday (-276, 019) Richard the Lionheart
arrived in England, to a hero�s welcome.
6/7/1189, Thursday (-276,057) King Henry II, King of England, died at Chinon, succeeded by his
third son, Richard I (Lionheart).
11/5/1189, Thursday
(-276,113) (Christian) Holy Roman Emperor
Frederick I Barbarossa departed from Regensburg on the Third Crusade, with
100,000 troops.
9/4/1189, Sunday (-276,145) Easter Sunday.
21/1/1189. Saturday
(-276,223) Henry II of
England, with Philip Augustus and Frederick Barbarossa, assembled troops for a
third Crusade.
1/1/1189, Sunday (-276,243)
==================================================================================
17/4/1188, Sunday (-276,502) Easter Sunday.
27/3/1188, Sunday (-276,523) (Germany) Holy Roman Emperor Frederick I exiled
Henry the Lion, Duke of Saxony. However in 10/1189, after the death of Frederick,
Henry returned to Germany and recovered much of Saxony and Holstein.
1/1/1188, Friday (-276,609)
==================================================================================
17/12/1187, Thursday
(-276,624) (Papal Succession) Pope
Gregory VIII died.
2/12/1187. Wednesday
(-276,639) Jerusalem surrendered to
Saladin (see 2/11/1192). Saladin was born in 1138, in Tikrit (Saddam
Hussein�s native town) of Kurdish parents and�
was educated in Syria. In 1164 he accompanies his uncle on a military
campaign in Egypt. The aim was to substitute Sunni for Shia Islam there, and
also to drive the Crusader Franks out of the Levant. The local
Syrian leader died in 1174 and Saladin defeated his 11 year old successor and
seized power. The Abbasid Caliph in Baghdad gave Saladin power over all the
lands from Morocco to Syria; Saladin later extended his rule into Mesopotamia.
Saladin also subdued the Assassins, a Muslim sect that had twice tried to kill
him. He now attacked the Crusaders, and on 1 July 1187 captured Tiberias after a six day siege.
After the capture of
Jerusalem by Saladin, the Franks
were almost evicted from the region, holding on only at Antioch,
Tripoli, and Tyre. European states set aside their differences in panic and
three rulers; Richard I of England,
Frederick Barbarossa of Germany, and Philip Augustus of France, set out on a third Crusade. The Crusaders marched on Muslim-held Acre,
Saladin arrived, and there ensued a long battle, control swinging back and
forth. After two years, Acre fell to the Crusaders. Peace negotiations began,
(see 2/11/1192), the end result being a marriage of his daughter with Saladin�s
brother, Al-Malik, who was knighted by Richard. The peace gave the coast to the
Europeans and the interior to the Muslims. In February 1188 Saladin fell ill
with a fever and died 12 days later aged 55.
10/11/1187, Friday
(-276,658) Death of King Godred the Black, King of the Scottish Isles and
Man.
21/10/1187, Saturday
(-276,678) Pope Gregory VIII (173rd Pope) acceded (died 1187).
5/9/1187, Tuesday
(-276,724) Louis VIII, King of France, was born.
4/7/1187, Tuesday
(-276,787) (Christian, Islam) The Battle of the Horns of Hattin (an
extinct volcano crowned with two rocky outcrops). Saladin�s 20,000 strong army
defeated Guy of Lusignan, King of Jerusalem. Guy de Lusignan had made a
tactical error in attempting to relieve Saladin�s siege of Tiberias. Thirst
drove Lusignan�s troops to drink at a nearby lake, where Saladin then attacked
them.
1/5/1187, Friday (-276,854) Battle of Cresson: Saladin
defeated the Crusaders.
29/3/1187, Sunday (-276,887) Easter Sunday.
18/2/1187, Wednesday (-276,946) Gilbert Foliot, writer, and Bishop of London,
died.
1/1/1187, Thursday (-276,974)
=================================================================================
5/9/1186, Friday (-277,092) Marriage of Ermengarde (died 1234) to King
William the Lion of Scotland.
19/8/1186, Tuesday (-277,109) Geoffrey, Duke of Brittany, died (born
23/9/1158)
13/4/1186, Sunday (-277,237) Easter Sunday
27/1/1186, Monday (-277,313) (Germany) Henry VI, son of Holy Roman Emperor
Fredrrick I, married Constance of Sicily. At the triple coronation in Milan, Frederick
was crowned King of Burgundy, Henry as Caesar, and Constance as Queen of the Germans.
The marriage strained relations with Pope Urban III, who encouraged Archbishop Philip
of Cologne to rebel against Frederick. However in 12/1186 a conference of German
Bishops declared in favour of Frederick and against Urban III.
1/1/1186, Wednesday (-277,339)
==================================================================================
24/12/1185, Tuesday (-277,347)
25/11/1185, Monday (-277,376) Pope Lucius III (171st Pope) died.
23/9/1185, Monday (-277,439)
12//9/1185, Wednesday (-277,451) Byzantine Emperor Andronicus I Connenus
was killed in a riot in Constantinople. He was succeeded by Isaac II Angelus.
25/5/1185, Saturday (-277,560) (Japan) Battle of Dan no Ura. The Taira clan
had now been almost totally driven out of Japan, in the Genpei War, except for
an island in the west of the Inland Sea. By 1185 the Minamoto had acquired
their own sea expertise. This last battle, fought off the southern tip of
Honshu, resulted in the Taira family mostly committing suicide by jumping off
their boats and drowning, despite initial military success, after they were
betrayed by one of their Generals, who switched sides to the Minamoto
mid-battle.
21/4/1185, Sunday (-277,594)
Easter Sunday.
1/1/1185, Tuesday (-277,704) week 39,672
===================================================================================
25/12/1184, Tuesday (-277,711)
4/11/1184, Sunday (-277,762) Pope Lucius III proclaimed the persecution
of heretics. This developed into the Inquisition.
29/10/1184, Monday (-277,768) (Germany) Henry VI, son of Holy Roman Emperor
Frederick I, was engaged to Constance, heiress to the Kingdom of Sicily.
23/10/1184, Tuesday (-277,774)
1/4/1184, Sunday
(-277,979) Easter Sunday
1/3/1184, Thursday
(-278,010)
1/2/1184, Wednesday
(-278,039)
1/1/1184, Sunday (-278,070)
==================================================================================
1/12/1183, Thursday
(-278,101)
17/11/1183, Thursday
(-278,115) (Japan) Battle of Mizushima. The Taira had
lost central Japan to the Yoshinaka, but had strong bases near the Inland Sea.
Minamoto Yoshinaka sent his General, Yada Yoshiyasu, to attack one of these
bases at Yashima, on the island of Shikoku. The Taira had gained power partly
through their expertise at driving pirates out of the Inland Sea, but the
Minamoto were inexperienced at at sea warfare. Taira Tomomori and Taira
Noritsune sailed out to meet the Mimamoto. Ships were tied together to make an
artificial platform on which both sides fought with swords; the wounded would
have been thrown off and drowned. The Minamoto were defeated and disengaged
their ships and withdrew to the mainland. From now on, raids on Taira bases
were conducted from land.
25/6/1183, Saturday
(-278,260) (Italy) The Peace of Konstanz was
signed between Holy Roman Emperor Frederick I Barbarossa and the Italian
Lombard League.
18/6/1183, Saturday
(-278,267) Saladin, Sultan of Egypt, took Aleppo, |Syria, and on 24/8/1179
made Damascus his capital.
11/6/1183, Saturday (-278,274) Richard I�s elder brother
died. Richard became heir to the English throne, also the Angevin lands,
Normandy and Aquitaine.
17/4/1183, Sunday (-278,329) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1183, Saturday
(-278,435)
=================================================================================
28/3/1182, Sunday (-278,714)
Easter Sunday.
1/3/1182, Monday
(-278,741)
1/2/1182, Monday
(-278,769)
1/1/1182, Friday
(-278,800)
=================================================================================
1/9/1181, Tuesday
(-278,922) (Papal Succession) Pope
Lucius III acceded.
4/8/1181, Tuesday
(-278,950)
2/6/1181, Tuesday
(-279,013) (Japan) Battle of Kurikara. The tide of the
Gempei wars now turned against the Taira.
5/4/1181, Sunday
(-279,071) Easter Sunday
1/1/1181, Thursday
(-279,165).
=================================================================================
18/9/1180, Thursday
(-279,270) Louis VII, King of France, died.
16/9/1180, Tuesday
(-279,272) Frederick also deprived Henry the Lion of his Bavarian lands.
23/6/1180, Monday (-279,357) (Japan) Battle of Uji. Start of the Gempei
Wars (to 1185). This marked the end of Taira domination in Japan and the start
of the Minamoto Shogunate.
20/4/1180, Sunday (-279,421)
Easter Sunday.
13/1/1180, Sunday (-279,519) At a diet at Wurzburg, Bavaria, Holy Roman
Emperor Frederick sentenced Henery the Lion to lose hss Saxon fiefs.
1/1/1180, Tuesday
(-279,531) 39,933 weeks
=================================================================================
1/12/1179, Saturday (-279,562)
1/11/1179, Thursday (-279,592) Louis VII, in declining health, had his son
crowned as King of the Franks, Phillip II. In 1190 Phillip II became the first
monarch to style himself �King of France�.
17/9/1179, Wednesday (-279,677) The poet, also theologian and composer,
Hildegard of Bingen, died.
24/6/1179, Sunday (-279,722) Henry the Lion, Duke of Saxony, was put
under ban of empire when he refused to appear before Holy Roman Emperor
Frederick to answer charges of misgovernment.
3/6/1179, Sunday (-279,743)
1/4/1179, Sunday (-279,806)
Easter Sunday
1/1/1179, Monday
(-279,896)
==================================================================================
30/11/1178, Wednesday
(-279,957) Barbarossa was crowned King of Burgundy at Arles.
18/6/1178, Monday (-280,092) A
violent explosion was seen on the face of the Moon. Later, astronomers
calculated this may have been the meteor that created the crater known as
Giordano Bruno.
10/6/1178, Sunday
(-280,100)
9/4/1178, Sunday (-280,163) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1178, Sunday
(-280,261)
==================================================================================
29/12/1177, Thursday (-280,264) (Christian, Spain) The Order of Alcantara (founded 1156 as the
Order of Saint Julian) received Papal approval. It was a military order of
crusading knights, and played a part in the Reconquista of Spain from the
Muslims.
25/11/1177, Friday (-280,298) King Baldwin of Jerusalem defeated Saladin
at Montgisard.
24/7/1177, Sunday
(-280,422) (Italy)
Holy Roman Emperor Frederick Barbarossa effected a reconciliation with Pope
Alexander III at Venice.
22/5/1177, Sunday
(-280,485)
24/4/1177, Sunday
(-280,513) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1177, Saturday
(-280,626)
==================================================================================
1/11/1176, Monday
(-280,687)
1/10/1176, Friday
(-280,718)
17/9/1176, Friday
(-280,732) Emperor Manuel of Byzantium was defeated by the Muslims, in the
Crusades.�
29/5/1176, Saturday
(-280,843) (Italy) The Battle of Legnano; In
Spring 1176 Holy Roman Emperor Barbarossa was campaigning in Italy, but
withdrawal of support by Henry the Lion, Duke of Saxony and Bavaria,
significantly reduced Barbarossa�s army strength. Meanwhile Milan and the other
cities of the Lombard League had built up their defences. The Italian foot
soldiers maintained a tight formation against Barbarossa�s cavalry, and the
horsemen broke on the foot soldier�s pikes. Then Barbarossa was unhorsed and
disappeared from view; his soldiers believed he had been killed, however he
turned up in Pavia three days later, where they were mourning his death.
However the result was that the Italian city-states gained autonomy from the
Holy Roman Emperor, Frederick Barbarossa. The Lombard League of Italian towns,
supported by Pope Alexander III, objected to Barbarossa�s interference in their
internal affairs. Barbarossa had laid waste to Milan, but was defeated at
Legnano, north-west of Milan, and admitted defeat.
4/4/1176, Sunday
(-280,898) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1176, Thursday
(-280,992)
=================================================================================
6/10/1175, Monday
(-281,079) (Ireland)
At a Council in Windsor, King Henry II and Roderick O�Connor, King of Connaught,
signed the Treaty of Windsor whereby O�Connor continued to rule Connaught but
paid an annual tribute to Henry.
3/10/1175, Friday
(-281,082)
1/8/1175, Friday
(-281,145)
1/7/1175, Tuesday
(-281,176)
29/6/1175, Sunday
(-281,178) King Henry II held a Council at Gloucester, at which oaths of
loyalty were obtained from the Welsh princes.
13/4/1175, Sunday (-281,255) Easter Sunday, Frederick called off his
siege of Alessandria.
1/1/1175, Wednesday
(-281,357)
==================================================================================
29/10/1174, Tuesday
(-281,421) Holy Roman Emperor Frederick, on his 5th Italian campaign, began
a siege of Alessandria, northern Italy.
30/9/1174, Monday
(-281,450) King Henry II of England made peace with his rebellious sons,
Henry, Richard, Geoffrey and John, after an allocation of territories to them
by Henry II caused dissent in 1173.
5/9/1174, Thursday (-281,475) Fire
gutted the Choir of Canterbury Cathedral. It was rebuilt using the pointed
arch, the first known use of this type of arch in England.
1/8/1174, Thursday (-281,510)
12/7/1174, Friday
(-281,530) King Henry II of England performed public penance at Canterbury
for the murder of Thomas Becket.
15/5/1174, Wednesday
(-281,588) (Egypt) The Syrian Atabeg, Nur ad Din, died. Saladin, ruling in
Egypt, declared independence and seized Damascus.
24/3/1174, �Sunday (-281,640) )
Easter Sunday.
1/1/1174, Tuesday
(-281,722)
==================================================================================
8/8/1173, Wednesday
(-281,868) The construction of what is now known as the Leaning Tower of
Pisa began.
1/8/1173, Wednesday
(-281,875)
8/4/1173, Sunday
(-281,990) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1173, Monday
(-281,087)
==================================================================================
1/8/1172, Tuesday
(-282,240)
16/4/1172, Sunday (-282,347) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1172, Saturday
(-282,453)
===================================================================================
25/12/1171, Saturday (-282,460)
23/10/1171, Saturday (-282,523)
17/10/1171, Sunday
(-282,529) King Henry landed near Waterford, Ireland.� Ireland submitted peacefully to English rule.
13/9/1171, Monday
(-282,573) The last Fatimid Caliph of Egypt, al Adid, died. Egypt was now
nominally subject to the Caliph of Baghdad, and Saladin was effective ruler.
1/8/1171, Sunday
(-281,606)
28/3/1171, Sunday (-282,732)
Easter Sunday.
1/1/1171, Friday
(-282,818)
===================================================================================
29/12/1170. Tuesday
(-282,821) The murder
of Thomas Becket, 40th Archbishop of Canterbury, by four
knights in his own Cathedral. The knights (Reginald Fitzurse,
William de Tracy, Hugh de Merville, and Richard de Breton) believed they were
acting on King Henry II�s orders. Becket, far from being the docile cleric
Henry believed him to be on appointing him as Archbishop of Canterbury, was a
firm upholder of ecclesiastical privileges. Henry, furious at Becket�s
excommunication of the six bishops who had assisted the Archbishop of York at
the crowning of Henry II�s son in Westminster Abbey, uttered the fatal cry.
�Who will rid me of this turbulent priest�. The four knights gave Henry his
answer.
2/12/1170, Wednesday (-282,848) Thomas
Beckett returned to Canterbury from his voluntary exile. He had left England on
2/11/1164.
28/11/1170, Saturday
(-282,852) Owain Gwynedd ap Gruffydd, Welsh King, died.
13/11/1170, Friday
(-282,867) Albrecht �The Bear� of Brandenburg died aged 70, having divided
his lands between his six sons.
1/8/1170, Saturday
(-282,971)
22/7/1170, Wednesday
(-282,981) Thomas Becket and King Henry II were reconciled, at Freteval,
western France.
14/6/1170, Sunday (-283,019)
King Henry II�s son was crowned, not as was custom by the Archbishop of
Canterbury but by the Archbishop of York. This was a major snub to Thomas
Beckett, and against Papal instructions. Henry then made verbal reconciliation
with Beckett, who, impatient to return to England, did so without proper
guarantees of safety.
7/6/1170, Sunday (-283,026)
5/4/1170, Sunday (-283,089) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1170, Thursday (-283,183)
=================================================================================
1/8/1169, Friday (-283,336)
20/4/1169, Sunday (-283,439)
Easter Sunday.
23/3/1169, Sunday (-283,467) (Egypt) Shirguh died of a stomach illness, and
Saladin was appointed by the Caliph as�
his successor.
8/3/1169, Saturday (-283,482) Andrew of Suzdal sacked Kiev, and became
the most powewrful Russian Prince.
4/2/1169, Tuesday
(-283,514) An earthquake with an estimated magnitude of around 7 struck the
eastern coast of Sicily, causing an estimated 15,000 deaths.
6/1/1169, Monday
(-283,543) (Egypt)
Shirguh, who had hastened to Egypt again to counter the new threat from
Almaric, now seized Shawar and executed him some ten days later.
===================================================================================
1/8/1168, Thursday (-283,701)
31/3/1168, Sunday (-283,824)
Easter Sunday.
1/1/1168, Monday
(-283,914)
====================================================================================
24/12/1167, Sunday
(-283,922) King John, sixth and youngest son of Henry II and Eleanor of
Aquitaine, was born in Oxford.
10/9/1167, Sunday
(-284,027) Empress Matilda, daughter of King Henry I of England and mother
of Henry II, died.
1/8/1167, Tuesday (-284,067)
week 40.581
27/4/1167, Thursday (-284,163)
Italians from the cities of Bergamo, Brescia, Cremona, Mantua, Treviso and
Verona arrived at the ruins of Milan to rebuild it. Holy Roman Emperor
Frederick Barbarossa had imposed a non-native ruler, or Podesta, upon it, as he had upon other Italian cities he
controlled, following the surrender of Milan to him after his siege of it in
1158. The taxes imposed upon Milan by the Podesta
were heavy and they revolted. In 1162 Frederick returned to Milan and this time
razed it to the ground, dispersing its inhabitants into the countryside.
Although Frederick went on to capture Rome in 1167, his army was decimated by
malaria and he had to return to Germany for reinforcements. Facing domestic
issues in Germany he could not return south and deal with this act of defiance
in rebuilding Milan. He was unable to re-enter Italy until 1174, by which time
the Lombard League had consolidated and gained control of the central and
eastern Alpine passes. In 1168 the Lombards founded a new city, called
Alessandria in honour of Pope Alexander II, to defend the western frontier.
Alessandria withstood a 6-month siege by Frederick (1174-5) and on 29/5/1176
Frederick was decisively defeated at Legnano.
11/4/1167, Tuesday
(-284,179) (Egypt) Battle of Babain. Shirguh and
his nephew Saladin defeated an alliance of the Franks and Shawar. The Franks
and Shawar then made another attack on Saladin, besieging him in Alexandria,
but after 75 days were compelled to raise this siege. This was because
Shirguh�s forces were threatening Cairo, where a Frankish garrison had been
admitted by Shawar. The Franks and Syrians now agreed to leave Egypt, although
they retained a garrison in Cairo.
9/4/1167, Sunday (-284,181) Easter Sunday.
28/1/1167, Saturday
(284,252) (Jewish)
Abraham ben Meir Ibn Ezra, Jewish scholar, born in Toledo, Spain, ca. 1092,
died.
1/1/1167, Sunday
(-284,279)
================================================================================
1/8/1166, Monday
(-284,432)
29/7/1166, Friday (-284,435)
Henry II, Count of Champagne, was born.
27/5/1166, Friday
(-284,498)
7/5/1166, Saturday
(-284,518) Norman King William I of Sicily died after a 12-year reign. He
was succeeded by his 13-year-old son who reigned as William II until his death
in 1189. William II supported the Papacy and entered a secret agreement with
the Lombardy cities to resist Frederick II Barbarossa (Holy Roman Emperor).
24/4/1166, Sunday
(-284,531) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1166, Saturday
(-284,644)
===================================================================================
24/12/1165, Friday
(-284,652) Coronation of William the Lion of Scotland at Scone Abbey.
9/12/1165, Thursday
(-284,667) Malcolm IV, King of Scotland, died aged 24. He was succeeded by
his 22-year-old brother, William the Lion, who ruled until 1214.
25/11/1165, Thursday
(-284,681) Holy Roman Emperor Frederick I Barbarossa visited Utrecht.
21/8/1165, Saturday
(-284,777) Philip Augustus, King of France, was born.
1/8/1165, Sunday
(-284,797)
4/4/1165, Sunday (-284,916) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1165, Friday
(-285,009)
==================================================================================
2/11/1164, Monday
(-285,069) Thomas Beckett was condemned for contempt of court, and went
into exile in France.
1/8/1164, Saturday
(-285,162)
20/4/1164, Monday
(-285,265) Death of anti-Pope Victor IV.
12/4/1164, Sunday (-285,273) Easter Sunday
30/1/1164, Thursday (-285,346) Matilda, Queen of England, died (born
1102).
1/1/1164, Wednesday
(-285,375)
===============================================================================
1/10/1163, Tuesday (-285,467) The Archbishop of Canterbury, Thomas a
Beckett, rebutted English King Henry II�s demand that clergy be tried in
secular Courts.
1/8/1163, Thursday (-285,528)
24/3/1163, �Sunday (-784,628) Easter
Sunday.
1/1/1163, Tuesday
(-285,740)
=================================================================================
1/8/1162, Wednesday (-285,893)
3/6/1162, Sunday
(-285,952) Thomas Becket was consecrated as Archbishop of Canterbury.
8/4/1162, Sunday
(-286,008) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1162, Monday
(-286,105)
================================================================================
25/12/1161, Monday
(-286,112)
16/11/1161, Wednesday
(-286,152) The Jurchen Jin dynasty planned a seaborne invasion of southern
Song China. Some 70,000 soldiers embarked on transport ships. Their commander,
Zheng Zia, was not intending to undertake a sea battle, a form of warfare which
his horse-borne steppe warriors had no experience. However the invasion fleet
was intercepted by a squadron of Song warships, commanded by Li Bao, in the
islands off the Shandong Peninsula. The Song warships included �tower ships�;
these had a trebuchet to hurl missiles. They also had inflammable gunpowder
missiles that set fire to enemy ships. Many Jurchen soldiers drowned as they
leapt off burning ships, including Zheng Zia.
1/8/1161, Tuesday
(-286,258) week 40,894
18/4/1161, Tuesday
(-286,363) Theobald of Bec,
Archbishop of Canterbury, died.
16/4/1161, Sunday (-286,365) Easter Sunday. King William of
Sicily crushed a rebellion, then marched into Apulia and Calabria, Italy.
7/2/1161, Tuesday (-286,433) The title �Confessor� was
conferred upon King Edward, by Papal Bull. It signified his adherence to
religious principles in the face of temptation.
1/1/1161, Sunday
(-286,470)
=================================================================================
25/12/1160, Sunday
(-286,477)
26/11/1160, Friday
(-286,507) (Italy)
Holy Roman Emperor Barbarossa captured the Italian city of Crema. Crema was
allied to Milan, a wealthy city which Barbarossa wished to acquire. Arriving at
Crema on 2/7/1159, Barbarossa laid siege, and both sides used barbarous
tactics, tying prisoners to siege towers, even children, so they were killed by
their own side, and hacking prisoners to pieces in front of the enemy. Hunger
eventually forced Crema to surrender; its defenders lives were spared, but the
city was razed to the ground.
1/8/1160, Monday
(-286,623)
27/3/1160, Sunday (-286,750) Easter Sunday.
24/3/1160, Thursday (-286,753) Pope Alexander III excommunicated
Frederick I.
1/1/1160, Friday (-286,836)
================================================================================
1/9/1159. Tuesday
(-286,958) Death of Pope Adrian IV,
elected Pope on 4/12/1154. He was formerly Nicholas Breakspear, and was the only English Pope. In 1155 he authorised
King Henry II of England to invade Ireland and hold it as a hereditary
fief of the Papacy. Breakspear was born at Bedmond Farm in Abbots Langley,
Hertfordshire, around 1100. His father became a monk of St Albans abbey,
presumably after the death of his wife. Nicholas Breakspear also applied to
join the Abbey at age 18 but was refused admission because of too little
schooling. He went abroad as a wandering scholar and finally became a monk in
the Augustinian Abbey of St Rufus in Avignon in 1130. He was elected Abbot in
1137 and came to the notice of the Pope, Eugenius III. The Pope recognised his
qualities and made him a bishop and a cardinal; Breakspear was sent on a trip
to war-torn Scandinavia where he restored peace. After 4 years Breakspear
returned to Rome to find that Eugenius III had died and was succeeded by
Anastasius IV, a man of 90. Within the year Anastasius IV was dead and Nicholas
Breakspear was unanimously elected Pope, taking the name Adrian IV.
1/8/1159, Saturday (-286,989)
12/4/1159, Sunday (-287,100) Easter Sunday
1/1/1159, Thursday
(-287,201)
=================================================================================
25/12/1158, Thursday (-287,208) Eleanor, wife of King Richard I, was
crowned Queen at Worcester Cathedral.
11/11/1158, Tuesday (-287,252) Holy Roman Emperor Frederick I Barbarossa
declared himself ruler of northern Italy.
23/9/1158, Monday (-287,302) Geoffrey, Duke of Brittany, was born (died
19/8/1186)
22/9/1158, Sunday (-287,303) Otto of Freising, biographer of Frederick I,
died.
20/8/1158, Wednesday (-287,335) Assassination of Ragnald III, Earl of
Orkney.
1/8/1158, Friday (-287,354)
20/4/1158, Sunday (-287,457)
Easter Sunday.
1/1/1158, Wednesday
(-287,566)
=================================================================================
8/9/1157. Sunday
(-287,681) King Richard I
was born in Oxford, third son of Henry II and Eleanor of Aquitaine, and later
known as Richard the Lionheart.
Although he reigned for nearly ten years he was only in England twice, for a
total of 160 days. He was mostly away on crusades.
1/8/1157, Thursday
(-287,719)
31/3/1157, Sunday (-287,842)
Easter Sunday.
1/1/1157, Tuesday
(-287,931)
=================================================================================
25/12/1156, Tuesday
(-287,938)
21/12/1156, Friday
(-287,942) Assassination of Erlend III, Earl of Orkney.
17/9/1156, Monday
(-288,037) Holy Roman Emperor Frederick I Barbarossa confirmed Austria as a
Duchy by the Priveligium Miuns Decree.
1/8/1156, Wednesday
(-288,084)
15/4/1156, Sunday (-288,192) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1156, Sunday
(-288,297)
================================================================================
1/8/1155, Monday (-288,450)
18/6/1155, Saturday (-288,494) Rioting in Rome as English
born Pope Adrian crowned Frederick Barbarossa as Holy Roman Emperor; 1,000
died.
27/3/1155, Sunday (-288,577) Easter Sunday.
28/2/1155, Monday (-288,604) Henry, son of Henry II, was
born.
1/1/1155, Saturday
(-288,662)
==================================================================================
19/12/1154. Sunday (-288,675) Henry II became King of England, on the death of Stephen on
24/10/1154.
4/12/1154. Saturday (-288,690) Election of Pope Adrian
IV,� (169th Pope). Adrian IV was Nicholas
Breakespear, the only ever English Pope. This followed the death of Pope
Anastasius IV (168th Pope) on 3/12/1154, who was Pope from 9/7/1153. He was a strict
disciplinarian, which led to attempts to defame his character: he had to appear
before Pope Eugene III to clear his character. Adrian IV settled a dispute with
Emperor Frederick I over the See of Magdeburg, and he granted the Lordship of
Ireland to King Henry II of England.
24/10/1154. Sunday (-288,731) King Stephen of England died
at Dover.
1/8/1154, Sunday
(-288,815)
4/4/1154, Sunday
(-288,934) Easter Sunday,
26/2/1154. Monday (-288,968) King Roger II of Sicily died and was succeeded by his son William the
Bald.
1/1/1154, Friday
(-289,027)
=================================================================================
20/8/1153, Thursday
(-289,161) St Bernard, Abbot of Clairvaux, died.
1/8/1153, Saturday
(-289,180)
8/7/1153, Wednesday
(-289,204) Pope Eugene III (167th Pope) died.
24/5/1153, Sunday
(-289,249) King David I (The Saint) of Scotland, died in Carlisle (born ca.
1084, acceded 4/1124). Accession of King Malcolm IV (The Maiden).
19/4/1153, Sunday (-289,284) Easter Sunday.
23/3/1153, Monday (-289,311) The Treaty of Konstanz was signed between
Frederick I Barbarossa, Holy Roman Emperor, and Pope Eugene III.
1/1/1153, Thursday
(-289,392)
=================================================================================
1/8/1152, Friday (-289,545)
16/5/1152, Friday (-289,622) Eleanor of Aquitaine married Henry of
Anjou, bringing a large area of what is now western France under the English
Crown.
30/3/1152, Sunday (-289,669)
Easter Sunday.
21/3/1152, Friday
(-289,678) The marriage of Eleanor of Aquitaine and French King Louis VII
was dissolved.
9/3/1152, Sunday
(-289,690) Frederick Duke of Swabia was crowned at Aix la Chappelle as Holy
Roman Emperor, Frederick Barbarossa, to succeed Conrad III.
4/3/1152, Tuesday
(-289,695) Frederick I Barbarossa was elected Holy Roman Emperor.
15/2/1152, Friday
(-289,713) Conrad III, Holy Roman Emperor, died at Bamberg (see 7/3/1138).
1/1/1152, Tuesday
(-289,758) week
41,394
=================================================================================
7/9/1151, Friday (-289,874)
Geoffrey, Duke of Brittany, died (born 24/8/1113).
1/8/1151, Wednesday
(-289,911)
8/4/1151, Sunday (-290,026)
Easter Sunday.
13/1/1151, Saturday
(-290,111) Suger, Abbot of St Denis, Paris, and Regent for Louis VII, died.
1/1/1151, Monday
(-290,123)
===============================================================================
1/8/1150, Tuesday
(-290,276) week 41,468
16/4/1150, Sunday (-290,383) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1150, Sunday
(-290,488)
================================================================================
1/8/1149, Monday (-290,641)
29/6/1149, Wednesday (-290,674) Raymond of Poitiers, Prince of Antioch,
was defeated and killed by Nur ad Din, son of Imad ad Din Zangi. The Second
Crusade ended.
3/4/1149, Sunday
(-290,761) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1149, Saturday
(-290,853)
================================================================================
25/12/1148, Saturday
(-290,860)
2/11/1148, Tuesday
(-290,913) Saint Malachy, Church reformer, died.
1/8/1148, Sunday
(-291,006)
28/7/1148, Wednesday
(-291,010) (Christian) The Crusaders failed
to capture Damascus. The troops of Louis II of France and Conrad III of Germany
suffered considerable losses at the hands of the Turks on the way to the Holy
Land, even before they arrived to join with Baldwin III of Jerusalem. They
arrived at Damascus on 23/7/1148 and occupied the large orchards and fields
west of Damascus, suffering further losses at the hands of the skilled
Damascene archers. Failing to take Damascus from this angle, on 27/7/1148 they
moved to the more open ground east of Damascus. The army leaders then began to
argue over the best plan of attack, and who should rule Damascus once captured;
news also broke of a large Muslim army now in Homs under the command of skilled
General Nur-ad-Din. Local Christian lords deserted, taking their men away, and
on 28/7/1144 Louis, Conrad and Baldwin began their own retreat back to
Jerusalem, having accomplished nothing.
11/4/1148, Sunday (-291,118) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1148, Thursday
(-291,219)
==================================================================================
25/12/1147, Thursday
(-291,226)
25/11/1147, Tuesday
(-291,256)
28/10/1147. Tuesday
(-291,284) The Moslems in Lisbon
surrendered peacefully to an allied Christian force under Portugal�s
Alfonso Henriques. The Moslem inhabitants were allowed to depart peacefully.
25/10/1147, Saturday
(-291,287) Battle of Dorylaeum, the Seljuq Turks defeated German Crusaders
under Conrad III.
7/10/1147, Wednesday
(-291,304) Almeria, one of the most important maritime and commercial
centres of al-Andalus, fell into Christian hands after two months of siege.
1/8/1147, Friday
(-291,372)
1/7/1147, Tuesday
(-291,403)
28/6/1147, Saturday
(-291,406) The Second Crusaders, who had earlier gathered at the Devon port
of Dartmouth, now agreed to help Afonso I of Portugal liberate Lisbon from the
Muslims.
20/4/1147, Sunday (-291,475)
Easter Sunday.
1/1/1147, Wednesday
(-291,584)
=================================================================================
25/12/1146, Wednesday (-291,591) King Stephen of England arranged a
third �coronation�; in reality a demonstration of his authority.
1/8/1146, Thursday (-291,737)
31/3/1146, Sunday (-291,860)
Easter Sunday.
1/1/1146, Tuesday
(-291,949) week
41,707
================================================================================
1/8/1145, Wednesday (-291,102)
15/4/1145, Sunday (-292,210) Easter Sunday.
15/2/1145, Thursday (-292,269) Pope Eugene III (167th Pope) acceded
(died 8/7/1153)
1/2/1145, Thursday (-292,283)
1/1/1145, Monday
(-292,314)
===============================================================================
24/12/1144, Sunday (-292,322) The city of Edessa fell to the Muslims,
sparking the Second Crusade. Zengi had been informed that Count Joscelin of
Edessa had argued with Prince Raymond of Antioch, and had then taken most of
his army to Diyarbakir to interfere in a local dispute there. Therefore Zengi
moved to capture Edessa at this time. Arriving on 28/11/1144, Zengi began
undermining the city walls and battering them with trebuchets. Queen Melisende
of Jerusalem sent a relief force, but Prince Raymond of Antioch refused to
help. On 24/12/1144 a section of Edessa�s walls fell. Zengi separated local
Christians from the foreign ones, then executed the latter. Edessa�s citadel
held out until 26/12/1144, surrendering on condition that their lives would be
spared, just before Joscelin and Melisende�s troops arrived. These relief
troops did hold onto lands west of the Euphrates River. When Pope Eugene III
heard of the fall of Edessa, he called for the Second Crusade to begin.
1/8/1144, Tuesday (-292,467) week 41,781
26/3/1144, Sunday (-282,595) Easter Sunday.
12/3/1144, Sunday (-292,609) Pope
Lucius II acceded.
1/2/1144, Tuesday (-292,649)
1/1/1144, Saturday
(-292,680)
================================================================================
24/12/1143, Friday (-292,688)
22/10/1143, Friday (-292,751)
24/9/1143, Friday
(-292,779) Pope Innocent II died.
1/8/1143, Sunday
(-292,833)
8/4/1143, Thursday
(-292,948) John II, Byzantine Emperor, was killed accidentally.
4/4/1143, Sunday
(-292,952) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1143, Friday
(-293,045)
=================================================================================
1/8/1142, Saturday
(-293,198)
21/4/1142, Tuesday
(-293,300) (France) French scholar Peter Abelard died at
Chalon sur Saone.
19/4/1142, Sunday (-293,302) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1142, Thursday
(-293,410)
==================================================================================
25/12/1141, Thursday (-293,417) The second coronation of King Stephen of
England. He insisted on this ceremony after his release from prison to
re-establish his authority over the barons.
23/12/1141, Tuesday (-293,419)
1/11/1141, Saturday (-293,
471) Following the death of King Henry I, Matilda his daughter and her
cousin Stephen of Blois were fighting a civil war for the English throne. Rival
barons robbed and burned villages and abbeys.
14/9/1141, Sunday (-293,519) (Britain) The Battle of Winchester; King
Stephen�s release was secured.
12/9/1141, Friday (-293,521)
9/9/1141, Tuesday
(-293,524) Seljuk Sultan Sanjar was defeated at Samarkand by the Kara-Khitai,
who built an empire from China to the River Oxus (now, Amu Darya).
1/8/1141, Friday (-293,563) (Britain) The
siege of Winchester began.
30/3/1141, Sunday (-293,687)
Easter Sunday.
3/3/1141. Monday
(-293,714) Empress Matilda was formally proclaimed Queen of England.
20/2/1141, Thursday (-293,725) (Britain) At the Battle of Lincoln, King Stephen was captured
by Robert, Earl of Gloucester. He had been besieging Lincoln Castle, and was
taken by forces under Earl Robert of Gloucester and Earl Ranulf of Chester.
This left Matilda as de-facto ruler of England.
1/1/1141, Wednesday (-293,775)
==================================================================================
1/8/1140, Thursday (-293,928)
3/6/1140, Monday (-293,987)
French scholar Peter Abelard was found guilty of heresy.
7/4/1140, Sunday
(-294,044) Easter Sunday.
6/2/1140, Tuesday
(-294,105) Thurstan, Archbishop of York, died.
1/1/1140, Monday
(-294,141)
==============================================================================
30/9/1139, Saturday
(-294,234) Empress Matilda arrived in England, to lead her followers against
Stephen.
1/8/1139, Tuesday
(-294,294) week 42,042
25/7/1139, Tuesday
(-294,301) (Portugal) King Afonso Henriques I
(1110-85) of Portugal defeated the Muslims at Ourique. Portugal. Afonso Henriques attacked
the Muslims, defeating a larger army than his own, but one weakened by internal
divisions. This gained him the support of the Pope. Afonso was now proclaimed
the first King of Portugal.
23/4/1139, Sunday
(-294,394) Easter Sunday.
20/4/1139, Thursday
(-294,397) The Second Lateran Council denounced the religious reformer,
Arnold of Brescia.
1/1/1139, Sunday
(-294,506)
================================================================================
25/12/1138, Sunday
(-294,513)
11/10/1138, Friday
(-294,557) An earthquake in Aleppo, Syria, killed about 230,000 people.
22/8/1138, Monday
(-294,638) At the Battle of The Standard, a Scottish Highland and Pict army
under King David was defeated near Northallerton by English from Yorkshire and
the east Midlands.
1/8/1138, Monday
(-294,659)
3/4/1138, Sunday
(-294,779) Easter Sunday.
7/3/1138, Monday (-294,806)
Conrad III (1093-1152) was again chosen as Holy Roman Emperor (see 18/12/1127).
He was crowned at Aix-la-Chapelle on 13/3/1138, but was still opposed by Henry
the Proud, the powerful Duke of Bavaria and Saxony. Henry the Proud died in
10/1139, but Conrad still faced opposition from Henry�s brother, Welf. Peace
was finally arranged at Frankfort in 5/1142, with Henry the Lion (son of Henry
the Proud) installed as Duke of Saxony, whilst Bavaria was given to Conrad�s
stepbrother, Henry Jasomirgott, Margrave of Austria, who married Gertrude,
widow of Henry the Proud.
1/1/1138, Saturday
(-294,871)
=================================================================================
25/12/1137, Saturday
(-294,878)
4/12/1137, Saturday (-294,899) Holy
Roman Emperor Lothair II died aged 67.
1/8/1137, Sunday
(-295,024) Louis VI, King of France, died, aged 56. He was succeeded by his
16-year old son, Louis VII.
22/7/1137, Thursday
(-295,034) Louis, son of Louis VI (The Fat) married Eleanor of Aquitaine
11/4/1137, Sunday (-295,136) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1137, Friday
(-295,236)
===============================================================================
15/8/1136, Saturday
(-295,375) Holy Roman Emperor Lothair II invested Henry of Bavaria (Henry
the Proud) as Duke of Saxony.
1/8/1136, Saturday
(-295,389)
22/3/1136, Sunday (-295,521)
Easter Sunday. Matilda,
wife of King Stephen of England, was crowned Queen at Westminster Abbey.
1/3/1136, Sunday (-295,542)
1/2/1136, Saturday
(-295,571)
1/1/1136, Wednesday
(-295,602)
===============================================================================
25/12/1135, Wednesday
(-295,609)
22/12/1135, Sunday
(-295,612) The coronation of King Stephen took place.
1/12/1135. Sunday
(-295,633) King Henry I died,
aged 66, apparently of a surfeit of lampreys, near Rouen. See 1/11/1141.� His nephew Stephen succeeded him. Henry�s
only son, Robert, had drowned in 1120 and Henry I wanted his daughter Matilda
to succeed him; the barons considered it unfitting for a woman to be monarch
and backed the claim of Stephen, Henry�s nephew.
1/8/1135, Thursday
(-295,755)
7/4/1135, Sunday
(-295,871) Easter Sunday.
30/3/1135, Saturday (-295,879) (Jewish) The
great Jewish teacher Moses ben Maimon (Maimonedes) was born in Cordoba. See
13/12/1204.
1/1/1135, Tuesday (-295,967)
week
42,281
==================================================================================
7/9/1134, Friday (-296,087) King Alfonso I of Aragon and Navarre (acceded
1105) died. He took Saragossa and Tarragona from the
1/8/1134, Wednesday (-296,120)
17/7/1134, Thursday (-296,135) Alfonso, King of Aragon, was defeated by
the Moors at Fraga.
15/4/1134, Sunday (-296,228) Easter Sunday
30/3/1134, Friday (-296,244)
1/1/1134, Monday (-296,332)
==================================================================================
24/8/1133, Thursday
(-296,462) In London, the first Bartholomew�s Day Fair was held. It was
held annually thereafter until 1855.
1/8/1133, Tuesday
(-296,485) week 42,385
4/6/1133, Sunday
(-296,543) Pope innocent II crowned Lothair as Holy Roman Emperor, after he
had campaigned in Italy for Innocent�s claims to the papacy against his rival,
Anacletus II.
26/3/1133, Sunday (-296,613) Easter Sunday.
5/3/1133, Saturday (-296,634) Henry II, first Plantagenet King of England, was born near Le
Mans, eldest son of Geoffrey Count of Anjou and Matilda, daughter of Henry I.
1/1/1133, Sunday
(296,697)
================================================================================
1/8/1132, Monday
(-296,850)
10/4/1132, Sunday (-209,963) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1132, Friday
(-297,063)
================================================================================
25/12/1131, Friday (-297,070)
4/12/1131, Friday (-297,091) (Iran) Omar Khayyan, Persian poet and
mathematician, born 5/15/1048, died at Nishapur.
8/9/1131, Tuesday (-297,178) The English barons pledged allegiance to
Matilda as the heir of King Henry I, after Henry I�s only legitimate son,
William, had drowned.
21/8/1131, Friday (-297,196) Baldwin II, King of Jerusalem, died and was
succeeded by Fulk of Anjou.
1/8/1131, Saturday (-297,216)
9/5/1131, Saturday
(-297,300) �(Christian) Tintern Abbey was
founded.
19/4/1131, Sunday (-297,320) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1131, Thursday
(-297,428)
===============================================================================
25/12/1130. Thursday (-297,435) Norman
King Roger II was crowned King
of Sicily in Palermo Cathedral by the anti-Pope Anacletus, who thereby gained a
powerful supporter for his claim on the Papacy against the Pope Innocent II.
25/10/1130, Saturday
(-297,496) Pope Innocent III dedicated the Abbey Church of Cluny.
1/8/1130, Friday
(-297,581)
30/3/1130, Sunday (-297,705) Easter Sunday.
14/2/1130, Friday (-297,749) Pope Honorius II died.
1/1/1130, Wednesday
(-297,793)
=================================================================================
17/12/1129, Tuesday
(-297,808) (Morocco) Almohad Mahdi Muhammad Ibn Tumart died and was
succeeded by Abd Al Mu�min.
1/8/1129, Thursday
(-297,946)
14/4/1129, Sunday (-298,055) Easter Sunday
1/1/1129, Tuesday
(-298,158) week 42,594
==================================================================================
1/8/1128, Wednesday (-298,311)
29/6/1128, Friday (-298,344) Conrad of Hohenstaufem was crowned King of
Italy.
17/6/1128, Sunday (-298,356) Matilda, daughter of King Henry I of
England, and widow of Holy Roman Emperor Henry V, married Geoffrey Plantagenet
of Anjou (western France). She was also heir to the English throne.
22/4/1128, Sunday
(-298,412) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1128, Sunday
(-298,524)
=================================================================================
18/12/1127, Sunday (-298,538)
Conrad III (1093-1152) was chosen as Holy Roman Emperor, in opposition to
Lothair. He hastily crossed the Alps to be crowned King of Italy at Monza,
6/1128. Whilst being acknowledged as King in northern Italy he was rejected as
King by both rival Popes, Innocent II and Anacletus II. He failed to
consolidate his holdings in Italy, and returned to Germany in 1132, where he
fought with Lothair until 10/1135. He then submitted to Lothair, was pardoned,
and recovered his estates, When Lothair died in 12/1137, Conrad III was again
chosen as Emperor on 7/3/1138.
1/8/1127, Monday
(-298,677)
20/7/1127, Wednesday
(-298,689) William I, Norman Duke of Apulia, died and was succeeded by his
cousin Roger II of Sicily.
19/4/1127, Tuesday (-298,781)
(Christian)
Felix of Valois, founder of the monastic order of Trinitarians (Redemptionists)
was born (died 4/11/1212).
3/4/1127, Sunday
(-298,797) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1127, Saturday
(-298,889)
===================================================================================
1/8/1126, Sunday
(-299,042)
11/4/1126, Sunday (-299,154) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1126, Friday
(-299,254)
====================================================================================
1/11/1125, Sunday (-299,315)
4/10/1125, Sunday
(-299,343) (Egypt)
Fatik al Bataihi was seized and imprisoned on the orders of Caliph Amir, who
now became ruler of Egypt. Fatik Al Bataihi had also suffered defeats by the
Franks, losing Tyre to them, and losing his fleet to the Venetians.
30/8/1125, Sunday
(-209,378) The pro-Papal Welf or Gueloh nobles blocked the succession of
Frederick of Swabia to his uncle Henry V,s position as Holy Roman Emperor and
Lothair of Supplinburg, Duke of Saxony, was elected instead. Warfare began
between the Guelphs and the Hohenstaufen family, known as Waiblings of
Ghibbelines, mfrom their castle at Waiblingen.
1/8/1125, Saturday
(-299,407)
23/5/1125, Saturday (-299,477) Holy Roman Emperor Henry V
died at Utrecht. He was succeeded by the 55-yerar-old Lothair, who was crowned
at Aix-la-Chapelle on 13/9/1125.
29/4/1125, Wednesday
(-299,501)
29/3/1125, Sunday (-299,532) Easter Sunday.
1/3/1125, Sunday (-299,560)
1/2/1125, Sunday (-299,588)
1/1/1125, Thursday (-299,619)
====================================================================================
25/12/1124, Thursday (-299,626)
15/12/1124, Monday (-299,636) Pope Honorius II, (163rd Pope), acceded.
27/11/1124. Thursday
(-299,654) Death of King Alexander I of Scotland.. He was born in ca.1078. He founded many abbeys and bishoprics,
among them Incholm and Scone.
1/8/1124, Friday
(-299,772)
7/7/1124, Monday (-299,797) Tyre fell to the Crusaders.
6/4/1124, Sunday (-299,889) Easter Sunday.
2/3/1124, Sunday (-299,924)
Charles The Good, Count of Flanders, was murdered.
1/1/1124, Tuesday
(-299,985) week 42,855
====================================================================================
1/8/1123, Wednesday (-300,138)
5/6/1123. Tuesday (-300,195)
St Bartholomew Hospital, London, was founded.
29/5/1123, Tuesday (-300,202) The Crusaders defeated the Fatimids at
Ibelin, Palestine.
18/4/1123, Wednesday (-300,243) Danishmend Turkish Emir Balak of
Khanzit captured King Baldwin of Jerusalem, and destroyed his army. In June
Balak occupied Aleppo (Syria). Baldwin was released in June 1124 on payment of
a ransom.
15/4/1123, Sunday (-300,246) Easter Sunday
18/3/1123, Sunday
(-300,274) The First Lateran Council began. It condemned simony and the
marriage of priests.
1/1/1123, Monday
(-300,350)
==================================================================================
23/9/1122. Saturday (-300,450) The Diet of Worms. A council was held
at the German town of Worms, to settle a dispute between Church and State that
went back to 1076, when Pope Gregory VII excommunicated King Henry IV of
Germany, seeking to impose papal power over the king. Both Henry IV and his
son, the present King Henry V set up anti-Popes and forced the Pope to flee to
refuge in a monastery. Pope Calixtus� II
and King Henry V agreed at this Diet that the King would not force the election
of Bishops but allow their free election by the Church; in return the King will
be present at the election of Bishops and have some influence over disputes
within the church.
1/8/1122, Tuesday
(-300,503) week 42,929
26/3/1122, Sunday (-300,631) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1122, Sunday
(-300,715)
==================================================================================
25/12/1121, Sunday (-300,722)
27/11/1121, Sunday (-300,750) Muhammad ibn Tumart, leader of the Almohads
of the Atlas Mountains, was recognised as the Mahdi (Guided by God). He began
to conquer the Almoravid territories in NW Africa.
29/9/1121, Thursday (-300,809) In Germany Holy Roman Emperor Henry V
made peace with his opponents.
1/8/1121, Monday (-300,868)
10/4/1121, Sunday (-300,981) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1121, Saturday
(-301,080)
===================================================================================
25/12/1120, Saturday (-301,087)
25/11/1120, Thursday
(-301,117) William Aethelney, son and heir of the English King Henry I,
drowned when his ship hit rocks whilst sailing from Normandy to England.
1/8/1120, Sunday
(-301,233)
18/4/1120, Sunday (-301,338) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1120, Thursday
(-301,446)
====================================================================================
23/12/1119, Tuesday
(-301,455) Pope Calixtus I officialy approved the new Cistercian order
19/9/1119, Friday
(-301,550) Severe earthquake in Gloucestershire & Warwickshire,
England.
1/8/1119, Friday
(-301,599)
28/6/1119, Saturday
(-301,633) The Dashmend Turks under Ghazi defeated a Crusader army at
Antioch. Roger of Salerno, Prince of Antioch, was killed.
30/3/1119, Sunday (-301,723) Easter Sunday.
29/1/1119, Wednesday (-301,783) End of reign of Pope Gelasius II (161st
Pope)
1/1/1119, Wednesday
(-301,811)
=================================================================================
25/12/1118, Wednesday (-301,818)
21/12/1118, Saturday (-301,822) Thomas Beckett was born in Cheapside,
London.
11/12/1118. Wednesday
(-301,832) The Christians captured
Saragossa, Spain, from the Muslims.
15/8/1118, Thursday
(-301,949) Byzantine Emperor Alexius I Comnenus died aged 70 after a
37-year reign. He was succeeded by his 30-year-old son who ruled until 1143 as
John II Comnenus.
1/8/1118, Thursday
(-301,964)
14/4/1118, Sunday (-302,073) Easter Sunday
7/4/1118, Sunday (-302,080) Pope Gelasius excommunicated Holy Roman
Emperor Henry V
2/4/1118, Tuesday (-302,085) Baldwin I, Crusader King of Jerusalem,
died and was succeeded by Baldwin II, Count of Edessa in Syria.
24/1/1118, Thursday (-302,153) Pope Gelasius II (161st Pope) acceded.
1/1/1118, Tuesday
(-302,176) week 43,168
==================================================================================
1/8/1117, Wednesday (-302,329)
16/4/1117, Monday (-302,436) Execution of Magnus I (Saint Magnus), Earl
of Orkney.
25/3/1117, Sunday (-302,458) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1117, Monday
(-302,541)
=================================================================================
1/8/1116, Tuesday (-302,694) week 43,242
2/4/1116, Sunday
(-302,815) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1116, Saturday
(-302,907)
=================================================================================
1/8/1115, Sunday
(-303,060)
7/7/1115, Wednesday
(-303,085) Peter the Hermit, a leader of the First Crusade, died.
18/4/1115, Sunday (-303,165)
Easter Sunday.
1/1/1115, Friday
(303,272)
==================================================================================
1/10/1114, Thursday (-303,364)
Holy Roman Emperor Henry V was defeated by rebels in the Rhineland.
1/8/1114, Saturday
(-303,425)
29/3/1114, Sunday (-303,550) Easter Sunday.
7/1/1114, Wednesday (-303,631) Holy Roman Emperor Henry V married
Matilda, daughter of King Henry I of England.
1/1/1114, Thursday
(-303,637)
=================================================================================
24/8/1113, Sunday (-303,767) Geoffrey, Duke of Brittany, was born (died
7/9/1151).
1/8/1113, Friday (-303,790)
6/4/1113, Sunday
(-303,907) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1113, Wednesday
(-304,002)
=================================================================================
1/8/1112, Thursday
(-403,155)
21/4/1112, Sunday (-304,257)
Easter Sunday.
1/1/1112, Monday (-304,368)
=================================================================================
1/8/1111, Tuesday (-304,521) week 43,503
2/4/1111, Sunday
(-304,642) Easter Sunday.
4/2/1111, Saturday
(-304,699) Holy Roman Emperor Henry V captured Pope Paschal II and by the
Treaty of Sutri forced him to accede to Henry�s conditions for the settlement
of the investiture controversy. However in 1112 Pope Paschal II reneged on this
agreement, and Henry V was excommunicated at the Synod of Vienne in September
1112. The Church now split into Imperial and Papal factions.
1/1/1111, Sunday
(-304,733)
==================================================================================
25/12/1110, Sunday
(-304,740)
4/12/1110, Sunday
(-304,761) First Crusade, the Crusaders conquered Sidon.
1/8/1110, Monday (-304,886)
10/4/1110, Sunday (-304,999) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1110, Saturday
(-305,098)
==================================================================================
1/8/1109, Sunday (-305,251)
12/7/1109, Monday (-305,271) Tripoli, in modern-day Lebanon, surrendered
to Baldwin I, King of Jerusalem.
25/4/1109, Sunday
(-305,349) Easter Sunday.
21/4/1109, Wednesday
(-305,353) English theologian Anselm died.
1/1/1109, Friday
(-305,463)
===================================================================================
1/8/1108, Saturday (-305,616)
29/7/1108, Wednesday
(-305,619) King Philip I of France died aged 56, after a reign of nearly 48
years. He was succeeded by his 27-year-old son, who reigned as Louis VI until
1137. Louis VI faced continuel rebellions from rebellious barons, and it took him
24 years to eradicate the bandits who plundered travellers on the roads around
Paris.
5/4/1108, Sunday
(-305,734) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1108, Wednesday
(-305,829)
===================================================================================
1/8/1107, Thursday
(-305,982)
14/4/1107, Sunday (-306,091) Easter Sunday
8/1/1107, Tuesday
(-306,187) King Edgar of Scotland
died and was succeeded by his brother Alexander I.
1/1/1107, Tuesday
(-306,194) week
43,742
====================================================================================
28/9/1106. Friday (-306,289) (Britain, France) King
Henry of England defeated his brother Robert at the Battle of Tinchebrai in France and reunited England and Normandy, divided since William the Conqueror
died, see 5/8/1100 and 9/9/1087.
7/9/1106, Friday
(-306,310)
7/8/1106, Tuesday
(-306,341) Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor, died (born 11/11/1050)
1/8/1106, Wednesday
(-306,347)
29/7/1106, Sunday
(-306,350)
27/5/1106, Sunday
(-306,413)
25/3/1106, Sunday (-306,476) Easter Sunday.
1/3/1106, Thursday (-306,500)
1/2/1106, Thursday (-306,528)
1/1/1106, Monday
(-306,559)
===================================================================================
27/8/1105, Sunday (-306,686) Baldwin I, French Crusader King of
Jerusalem, decisively defeated the Fatimids at the Third Battle of Ramleh.
1/8/1105, Tuesday (-306,712) week 43,816
9/4/1105, Sunday (-306,826) Easter Sunday.
28/2/1105, Tuesday (-306,866))
Raymond IV, Count of Toulouse, died whilst besieging Tripoli in Palestine.
1/1/1105, Sunday
(-306,924)
===================================================================================
1/8/1104, Monday (-307,077)
7/5/1104, Saturday
(-307,163) (Christian) Battle of Harran. The
Crusaders were about to lay siege to Harran to distract the Seljuk forces of
Sokman of Mardin and Jikirmish of Mosul, who were themselves besieging Edessa.
At this point the forces of Sokman and Jikirmish appeared, and drew the
Crusaders under Count Baldwin and Prince Bohemond of Antioch. Jikirmish�s
cavalry charged and inflicted heavy casualties; Baldwin was taken prisoner. He
was freed after paying a ransom, in 1108 and later became King of Jerusalem.
1/1/1104, Friday
(-307,290)
===============================================================================
1/8/1103, Saturday
(-307,443)
27/4/1103, Friday
(-307,539) King Henry I of England exiled Anselm, after he refused to accept
Bishops consecrated by the King.
29/3/1103, Sunday (-307,568) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1103, Thursday (-307,655)
================================================================================
1/8/1102, Friday (-307,808)
28/5/1102, Wednesday (-307,873) Baldwin I defeated the Fatimids at
Jaffa.
17/5/1102, Saturday (-307,884) The Fatimids defeated Baldwin I, French
Crusader King, at Jerusalem.
6/4/1102, Sunday
(-307,925) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1102, Wednesday
(-307,020)
================================================================================
4/9/1101, Wednesday
(-308,139) Baldwin I, King of Jerusalem, defeated the Fatimids at Ramleh.
1/8/1101, Thursday
(-308,173)
23/6/1101, Sunday
(-308,212) Raymond of Toulouse took Ankara with a new Crusader army from
Constantinople. However in 8/1101 his army was destroyed by the Danishmend
Turkish army at Mersivan, Anatolia.
22/6/1101, Saturday
(-308,213) Norman Roger I Guiscard, King of Sicily, died aged 70. He was
succeeded by his 8 year old son, who ruled as Roger 11 from 1112.
21/4/1101, Sunday (-308,275)
Easter Sunday.
1/1/1101, Tuesday (-308,385)
===================================================================================
25/12/1100, Tuesday (-308,392) Baldwin was crowned King of the Latin
Kingdom of Jerusalem by Dagobert.
11/11/1100, Sunday (-308,436) Matilda I, first wife of King Henry I of
England, was crowned Queen at Westminster Abbey
5/8/1100, Sunday
(-308,534) Henry I, youngest son of William the Conqueror aged 31, was
crowned in Westminster Abbey. The rightful heir, older brother Robert, was away
on the First Crusade and not expected to return until 1101. Henry I was
expected to buy him off with territories in Normandy, see 28/9/1101.
2/8/1100. Thursday (-308,537) William
Rufus, (William II), king of England after William the Conqueror, (see
9/9/1087) was killed in the New Forest by an arrow in a hunting accident; he
was allegedly mistaken for a deer. His brother, Henry, who became Henry I, was
crowned on 5/8/1100, succeeded him.
Aged 32, he now ruled for 35 years.
18/7/1100, Wednesday
(-308,552) Godfrey de Bouillon, first Crusader king of Jerusalem, died,
aged 39. He had led successful expeditions against the Seljuk Turks as far as
Damascus. He was succeeded by his older brother Baldwin, Count of Flanders, who
ruled until 1118 with the support of Tancred, a Sicilian Norman who was now
Prince of Galilee.
1/4/1100, Sunday
(-308,660) Easter Sunday
1/1/1100. Sunday
(-308,751)
===================================================================================
12/8/1099, Friday
(-308,893) Battle of Ascalon.
Fatimid attack on the Crusaders was defeated by Godfrey.
1/8/1099, Monday
(-308,904)
29/7/1099, Wednesday (-308,937) Pope
Urban II died in Rome.
22/7/1099, Wednesday
(-308,944) Godfrey of Bouillon, a Crusader leader from Boulogne, was
elected Defender of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem, and established the
Kingdom of Jerusalem.
15/7/1099. Wednesday (-308,951) Jerusalem fell to the Crusaders, (see 27/11/1095). 40,000 people,
both Jews and Muslims, were slaughtered in two days, an event European
scholar-monks acclaimed as �the greatest event since the Crucifixion�. On
12/8/1099 the Crusaders defeated
Al-Afdal, the Fatimid Vizier of Egypt, at Ascalon. He was bringing an army to
recapture Jerusalem, which the Egyptians had earlier lost to the Turks. Godfrey
of Bouillon was elected King, and established the Kingdom of Jerusalem.
12/6/1099, Sunday
(-308,954)
7/6/1099, Tuesday
(-308,959) The Crusaders arrived at Jerusalem.
10/4/1099, Sunday (-309,017) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1099, Saturday
(-309,116)
=================================================================================
1/8/1098, Sunday
(-309,269) Adhemar de Monteil, Crusader, Bishop of Puy en Velay from 1077,
died during the plague in Antioch.
28/6/1098, Monday (-309,331)
Battle of Orontes. Supposed discovery within Antioch of the �Holy Lance� � the
weapon used to pierce Jesus�s side at his death. Despite doubts even amongst
some Crusaders, they collectively believed that with possession of this lance
they were invincible, and they sallied out to attack the Muslims. However with
determination they prevailed over the Turks, who fled the battle.
5/6/1098, Saturday
(-309,354) Emir Kerboga�s forces now arrived at Antioch and besieged the
Crusaders there.
3/6/1098, Thursday
(-309,356) The Crusaders took Antioch.
30/5/1098, Sunday
(-309,360)
28/3/1098, Sunday (-309,423)
Easter Sunday.
21/3/1098, Sunday
(-309,430) C�teaux Abbey was founded by the Cistercian Order.
9/2/1098, Tuesday
(-309,442) A second Syrian attempt to relieve Antioch was also driven off
by the Crusaders.
1/1/1098, Friday
(-309,481)
================================================================================
31/12/1097, Thursday
(-309,482) A Syrian army attempting to relieve the Crusader siege of Amtioch
was driven off.
25/12/1097, Friday
(-309,488)
21/10/1097, Wednesday
(-309,553) The Crusaders arrived at Antioch.
1/8/1097, Saturday
(-309,634)
1/7/1097, Wednesday
(-309,665) Battle of Dorylaeum.
Bohemund�s forces were losing to a Turkish attack when Godfrey and Raymond�s
forces attacked the rear of the Turks, turning the result into a Crusader
victory.
24/6/1097, Wednesday (-309,672)
The Crusaders took Nicea.
5/4/1097, Sunday
(-309,752) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1097, Thursday
(-309,846)
================================================================================
23/12/1096, Tuesday (-309,855) Crusader leader Godfrey of Bouillon,
along with his brother� Baldwin, arrived
in Constantinople.
15/8/1096, Friday
(-309,985) The forces of the First
Crusade departed from Europe, to rendezvous at Constantinople.
1/8/1096, Friday
(-309,999) The
Normans completed their conquest of southern Wales.
13/4/1096, Sunday (-310,109) Easter Sunday
1/1/1096, Tuesday
(-310,212) week 44,316
==================================================================================
25/12/1095, Tuesday (-310,219)
27/11/1095. Tuesday (-310,247) Pope Urban II called for a Crusade to the Holy Land. He talked of
how, due to Turkish misrule, it was no longer safe for Christian pilgrims to
visit the holy sites of Jerusalem. The Crusaders
defeated the Turks at Dorylaeum
on 30/6 1097, opening the way to Jerusalem. Jerusalem fell to the Crusaders on 15/7/1099.
19/11/1095, Monday
(-310,255) The Council of Clermont began. The council was called by Pope Urban
II to discuss sending the First Crusade to the Holy Land.
1/8/1095, Wednesday
(-310,365)
29/7/1095, Sunday
(-310,368) (Hungary)
King Ladislas I of Hungary, having conquered Dalmatia and Croatia, introduced
Catholicism, and founded the Bishopric of Zagreb (Agram), died suddenly this
day aged 55 just as he was about to join the upcoming Crusade. Ladislas was
succeeded by his nephew Coloman, son of his late brother Geza; he ruled until
1116.
25/3/1095, Sunday (-310,494) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1095, Monday
(-310,577)
=================================================================================
29/12/1094, Friday (-310,580) Al Munstansir, Caliph of Egypt died; his
North African empire collapsed.
25/12/1094, Monday (-310,584)
30/11/1094, Thursday (-310,609)
12/11/1094, Sunday (-310,627) Duncan II, son of Malcolm III Canmore and
his first wife Ingibiorg, were murdered by his uncle Donald III Ban. In 1072
Duncan II had been sent as hostage to the court of William I The Conqueror,
where he remained until his father�s death in 1093. Then, with the help of an
army supplied by William II Rufus, he defeated Donald III in May 1094. However
Duncan II was loathed in Scotland for being too pro-Norman/English and so he
was assassinated.
8/10/1094, Sunday
(-310,662) St Marks Basilica in Venice was consecrated.
1/8/1094, Tuesday
(-310,730) week 44,390
17/6/1094. Saturday (-310,775) (Spain) Valencia, Spain, was captured by the
Christians under El Cid from the Arabs; the city surrendered due to
starvation after a 20 month siege. His kingdom now extended over nearly all of
Valencia and Murcia.
11/6/1094, Sunday
(-310,781)
9/4/1094, Sunday (-310,844) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1094, Sunday
(-310,942)
===================================================================================
25/12/1093, Sunday (-310,949)
13/11/1093, Sunday
(-310,991) (Scotland) Malcolm III MacDuncan, King of
Scotland, and his eldest son Edward, were killed at a place now called
Malcolm�s Cross. Malcolm had been besieging Alnwick. His wife Margaret died 4 days later. He was succeeded by
his brother Donald Bane, who ruled until 1097.
11/8/1093, Thursday
(-311,085) Construction of Durham Cathedral in England began.
1/8/1093, Monday
(-311,095)
12/7/1093, Tuesday
(-311,115)
10/5/1093, Tuesday
(-311,178)
17/4/1093, Sunday (-311,201) Easter Sunday.
1/2/1093, Tuesday (-311,276)
1/1/1093, Saturday
(-311,307)
===================================================================================
25/12/1092, Saturday (-311,314)
1/8/1092, Sunday (-311,460)
12/7/1092, Monday (-311,480)
10/5/1092, Monday (-311,543)
6/5/1092, Thursday (-311,547)
Lincoln Cathedral was consecrated (begun 1075).
6/4/1092, Tuesday
(-311,577)
31/3/1092, Wednesday
(-311,583)
28/3/1092, Sunday
(-311,586) Easter Sunday
1/2/1092, Sunday
(-311,642)
1/1/1092, Thursday
(-311,673)
=================================================================================
25/12/1091, Thursday (-311,680)
23/10/1091, Thursday
(-311,743) A severe storm in London destroyed London Bridge along with St
Mary le Bow church. 600 houses were damaged, also the Tower of London.
1/8/1091, Friday
(-311,826)
13/4/1091, Sunday (-311,936) Easter Sunday
1/1/1091, Wednesday
(-312,038)
=================================================================================
1/8/1090, Thursday (-312,191)
21/4/1090, Sunday (-312,293)
Easter Sunday.
1/1/1090, Tuesday (-312,403) week 44,629
==================================================================================
11/8/1089, Saturday
(-312,546) A powerful earthquake was recorded in Britain.
1/8/1089, Wednesday
(-312,556)
28/5/1089, Monday
(-312,621) Lanfranc, Archbishop of Canterbury, died.
1/5/1089, Tuesday
(-312,648)
1/4/1089, Sunday
(-312,678) Easter Sunday
1/1/1089, Monday
(-312,768)
===============================================================================
1/8/1088, Tuesday (-312,921)
16/4/1088, Sunday (-313,028) Easter Sunday.
16/4/1088, Sunday (-313,028) Easter Sunday
12/3/1088, Sunday (-313,063)
Odo was elected Pope; he took the name Urban II.
1/1/1088, Saturday
(-313,134)
================================================================================
25/12/1087, Saturday (-313,141)
15/11/1087. Monday
(-313,181) Domesday Book
completed.
15/10/1087, Friday
(-313,212)
26/9/1087, Sunday
(-313,231) The coronation of King William II of England.
16/9/1087, Thursday
(-313,241) Pope Victor III died.
13/9/1087, Monday
(-313,244) John II Komnenos, Byzantine Emperor, was born.
9/9/1087. Thursday
(-313,248) (Britain, France)
William the Conqueror died, aged
60, in Rouen, France, from injuries sustained when his horse stumbled. He had
ridden out to see the ruins of the town of Mantes, having sacked and burnt it
in retaliation for French raids on his territory, but the horse stepped on hot
ashes and jolted. He was succeeded in Normandy by Robert Curthose and in
England by William Rufus, William II, who was crowned on 26/9/1087. See
2/8/1100, and 28/9/1106.
1/8/1087, Sunday
(-313,287)
30/5/1087, Sunday
(-313,350) Emperor Henry IV crowned his son Conrad as King of Germany.
28/3/1087, Sunday� (-313,413) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1087, Friday
(-313,499)
==================================================================================
25/12/1086, Friday (-313,506)
23/10/1086, Friday (-313,569) (Spain) The Almoravids from North Africa invaded
Spain, defeating Alfonso�s army at Zallaqah this day.
1/8/1086, Saturday (-313,652)
5/4/1086, Sunday
(-313,770) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1086, Thursday
(-313,864)
=================================================================================
25/12/1085, Thursday (-313,871)
King William I of England ordered a complete survey of the wealth of the
kingdom, known as the Domesday Book.
23/10/1085, Thursday
(-313,934)
8/10/1085, Wednesday
(-313,949) The Cathedral of St Mark�s in Venice was consecrated.
1/8/1085, Friday
(-314,017)
15/7/1085, Tuesday
(-314,034) (Italy)
Norman Duke Robert Guiscard died, aged 60, of fever after regaining Corfu and
Cephalonia, which his son Bohemund had lost�
Duke Guiscard was succeeded by his 54-year old brother, Roger Guiscard,
who had conquered Sicily, and ruled until 1101.
25/5/1085, Sunday (-314,085) (1) Christian king, Alfonso VI of
Leon, captured Toledo (the old
Visigothic capital) from the Arabs.
(2) Pope Gregory VII died in exile. His
supporters elected Desiderius, Abbott of Monte Casino, as Pope Victor III,
refusing to accept the papacy of Clement III as being a puppet of King Henry IV
of Germany. When Victor III died the cardinals elected Urban II (1086-99) as
Pope, a candidate favoured by Gregory VII himself.
20/4/1085, Sunday (-314,120)
Easter Sunday.
1/1/1085, Wednesday
(-314,229)
==================================================================================
1/8/1084, Thursday (-314,382)
27/5/1084, Monday (-314,448) Pope Gregory VII was still
holding out against the army of Henry IV, a few hundred yards away from the
Basilica, in the Castel Sant Angelo (then known as the House of Cencius).
Gregory appealed for help from the Normans in Sicily. On this day the Normans
entered Rome and escorted Gregory VII to safety in Salerno. The Normans then
pillaged Rome and burnt it to the ground.
31/3/1084, Sunday (-314,505)
Easter Sunday.
24/3/1084, Sunday (-314, 512) Palm Sunday. Henry IV of
Germany, having captured Rome, installed Pope Clement III. In turn Clement III
crowned Henry IV as Emperor on Easter Sunday 1084.
1/1/1084, Monday
(-314,595)
==================================================================================
1/8/1083, Tuesday
(-314,748) week 44,964
9/4/1083, Sunday (-314,862) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1083, Sunday
(-314,960)
==================================================================================
1/8/1082, Monday (-315,113)
24/4/1082, Sunday
(-315,212) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1082, Saturday
(-315,325)
===================================================================================
1/8/1081, Sunday
(-315,478)
4/4/1081, Sunday
(-315,597) Easter Sunday.
8/1/1081, Friday
(-315,683) Henry V, Holy Roman Emperor, was born (died 23/5/1125).
1/1/1081, Friday
(-315,690)
=================================================================================
25/12/1080, Friday
(-315,697)
15/10/1080, Thursday
(-315,768) Rudolf of Swabia was killed in battle, leaving Henry IV as
unchallenged ruler of Germany.
1/8/1080, Saturday
(-315,843)
25/6/1080, Thursday
(-315,880) Clement III, antipope, acceded. He was antipope until 9/1100.
14/6/1080, Sunday
(-315,891)
15/5/1080, Tuesday
(-315,921) Walcher, Bishop of Durham and Earl of Northumberland, was
murdered. King William I continued to consolidate his control of northern
England.
12/4/1080, Sunday (-315,954) Easter Sunday
7/3/1080, Friday
(-315,991) King Henry IV of Germany was excommunicated a second time by
Pope Gregory VII, see 27/1/1080. In response Henry IV summoned an assembly of
bishops to Brixen and declared Pope Gregory VII deposed and appointed Wilbert,
Archbishop of Ravenna, in his place. However not everyone, even in Germany,
accepted the right of Henry IV to judge a Pope �appointed by God�.
27/1/1080, Monday
(-316,030) King Henry IV of Germany defeated Saxon rebels at Flarchheim.
Emboldened by this, he rejected the mediation efforts of Pope Gregory VII to
settle the rulership dispute between him and Rudolf of Swabia, see 25/10/1077
and 7/3/1080.
1/1/1080, Wednesday
(-316,056)
=================================================================================
1/8/1079, Thursday
(-316,209)
24/3/1079,� Sunday (-316,339) Easter
Sunday.
1/1/1079, Tuesday (-316,421) week 45,203
==================================================================================
1/8/1078, Wednesday (-316,574)
8/4/1078, Sunday
(-316,689) Easter Sunday.
31/3/1078, Saturday
(-316,697) Emperor Michael VII abdicated. He was replaced by a soldier who
began a 3-year reign as Nicephorus III Botaniates.
1/1/1078, Monday
(-316,786)
===================================================================================
1/8/1077, Tuesday (-316,939)
week 45,277
25/4/1077, Tuesday
(-316,037) Hungary�s King Geza died (reigned from 1074). Succeeded� by Ladislas, the 37-year old son of the late
Bela I, who reigned until 1095.
16/4/1077, Sunday (-317,046) Easter Sunday.
13/3/1077, Monday (-317,080) Germans opposed to Henry IV claimed the
throne was elective and nominated Rudolf, Duke of Swabia, as King.
25/1/1077, Wednesday
(-317,127) German King Henry IV, who was losing popular support because of
his excommunication by Pope Gregory VII, arrived at Canossa Castle, northern
Italy, to do penance in reconciliation. He knelt in the snow in a monk�s hair
shirt for three days before the Pope admitted him. �Going to Canossa� became a
saying for reluctant penance, especially in Germany. Henry IV had faced a
rebellion by Saxons, and had to reach Pope Gregory by a roundabout route via
Burgundy and Provence. Pope Gregory VII wanted, politically, to refuse
forgiveness, but as head of the Christian Church he had no choice but to
dispense it. The rebels, feeling betrayed by Gregory VII, rejected the kingship
of Henry IV anyway and elected Rudolf of Swabia in his place. Germany faced
effective civil war. Pope Gregory, to restore his influence over Germany, sent
a Papal Legate northwards in 1079 to settle who was the rightful ruler of
Germany, decreeing that if either Rudolf or Henry rejected the findings of this
legate they would be excommunicated. However see 27/1/1080.
1/1/1077, Sunday
(-317,151)
=================================================================================
25/12/1076, Sunday
(-317,158)
23/10/1976, Sunday
(-317,221)
16/10/1076, Sunday
(-317,228) A conference of German princes loyal to The Pope threatened to
depose Henry IV.
1/8/1076, Monday
(-317,304)
27/3/1076, Sunday (-31`7,431) Easter Sunday.
24/2/1076, Wednesday (-317,463)
24/1/1076, Sunday
(-317,494) German King Henry IV called an assembly of German Bishops to
Worms to complain about the interference of�
Pope Gregory VII (Hildebrand) in the rulership of Milan. Earlier, a
revolutionary faction called the Pataria had usurped Henry IV�s control over
Milan, which included the right to appoint the Archbishop of Milan. Milan was
very strategically important to Henry IV as it controlled the Alpine passes
between Italy and Germany. Pope Gregory VII sided with the rebels against King
Henry IV and insisted that he, Gregory, had the right to appoint the Archbishop
(see 4/3/1075, Dictatus Papae). The
German Bishops signed a letter of protest from Henry IV calling for Hildebrand
�that false monk, who had forsaken the cloisters� (see 22/4/1073)� to resign as Pope and that Henry IV did not
recognise him as Pope. The message caused an uproar in Rome, in fact the
messenger was nearly killed, saved only by the intervention of Hildebrand
himself. Two days later Gregory VII (Hildebrand) excommunicated and nominally
deposed King Henry IV. See 25/1/1077.
1/1/1076, Friday
(-317,517)
==================================================================================
1/8/1075, Saturday
(-317,670)
5/4/1075, Sunday
(-317,788) Easter Sunday.
4/3/1075, Wednesday
(-317,820) Hildebrand issued the Dictatus Papae, 27 short propositions
setting out the powers of the Roman Catholic Church. These propositions, aimed
at curbing the Greek Church and the temporal power of European Kings, included,
(I) that the Roman Catholic Church
was founded by God alone, i.e. it was more than �just� apostolic (III), only the Pope can dismiss or
reinstate Bishops, (XII), the Pope
has the authority to depose Emperors,, (XVI),
That only the Pope had the authority to call Councils (the Greek Church
didn�t), (XIX), The Pope can be
judged by no-one except God himself, (XXII),
The Roman Church has never erred and is in fact infallible,
1/1/1075, Thursday
(-317,882)
=================================================================================
1/8/1074, Friday
(-318,035)
20/4/1074, Sunday (-318,138)
Easter Sunday.
9/3/1074, Wednesday (-318,149) Married priests were excommunicated by
Pope Gregory VII. He also decreed, at the Council of Rome, that all laymen who
received Communion from a married priest should be excommunicated.
Nevertheless, instances of married Catholic priests still occurred down into
the 12th and 13th centuries.
1/1/1074, Wednesday
(-318,247)
==================================================================================
1/8/1073, Thursday (-318,400)
22/4/1073, Monday (-318,501) Hildebrand was elected Pope
Gregory VII. His election was unusual, being accomplished by Roman clergy and
common people, rather than by Cardinals.
21/4/1073, Sunday
(-318,502) Death of Pope Alexander II.
31/3/1073, Sunday (-318,523)
Easter Sunday.
1/1/1073, Tuesday
(-318,612) week
45,516
===================================================================================
25/12/1072, Tuesday
(-318,609)
23/11/1072, Friday
(-318,641) Death of Alp Arslan, Seljuk Sultan
1/8/1072, Wednesday
(-318,765)
8/4/1072, Sunday
(-318,880) Easter Sunday.
22/2/1072, Wednesday
(-318,926) (Christian) Pietro Damiani, ecclesiastic, died.
He was opposed to simony, but reserved his main energies for attacking the
marriage of clergy.
10/1/1072, Tuesday
(-318,969) The Normans under Robert Guiscard conquered Palermo, Sicily.
1/1/1072, Sunday
(-318,978)
=================================================================================
24/10/1071, Monday
(-319,047) Byzantine Emperor Romanus IV was deposed and imprisoned. Michael
VII Ducas succeeded him, and made an appeal for help, in vain, from the Western
Christian kingdoms.
26/8/1071. Friday (-319,106) The
armies of the Byzantine leader Emperor Romanus Diogenes and the Turkish leader
Mohammed Ibn Da�ud clashed at Manzikert
(or, Malazagird), north of Lake Van. The Byzantines had entered Armenia with
the French and Normans, and some Turks from the Uzes tribe, and the Turkish
leader had to abandon a campaign in Syria and hurry north to meet this
invasion. The Turkish cavalry routed the enemy. Ibn Da�ud died on 24/11/1072.
1/8/1071, Monday
(-319,131)
24/4/1071, Sunday
(-319,230) Easter Sunday.
16/4/1071. Saturday (-319,238) Norman,
Robert Guiscard, took Bari after a three year siege. On 10/1/1072 Robert
Guiscard and his brother Roger took Palermo in Sicily.
1/1/1071, Saturday
(-319,343)
=================================================================================
15/8/1070, Sunday
(-319,482) King William I of England dismissed Englishman John Stigand as
SArchbishop of Canterbury and appointed the Norman, Lanfranc, as his
replacement.
1/8/1070, Sunday
(-319,496)
4/6/1070. Friday (-319,554) Roquefort
cheese was created in a cave near Roquefort, France.
4/4/1070, Sunday
(-319,615) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1070, Friday
(-319,708)
================================================================================
28/10/1069. Tuesday
(-319,774) Death of Abbad-al-Motadid, Arab ruler in Spain.
21/9/1069, Sunday
(-319,811) The Norman castle of York was attacked and overran. The
defenders were all killed, except for two castellans and their families, who
were held for ransom. William, who had been hunting in the Forest of Dean,
hurried north yet again. Delayed by heavy rain, he eventually arrived in York
to find it a deserted smouldering ruin. The local rebels had withdrawn, and the
Danes returned to their ships on the Humber, unreachable by William�s soldiers.
William now took decisive action. Having paid off the Danes to go away, he
killed and burned large parts of the population and its villages in the north
of England, in what became known as the Harrying of the North, Large regions of
Lancashire, Yorkshire, Cheshire and Staffordshire were devastated. Thousands
were made homeless or starved.
19/9/1069, Friday
(-319,813) The Norman garrison at York faced further rebellions by
supporters of Edgar Aetheling, assisted by Danish ships under Asbjorn, brother
of King Sweyn II of Denmark. This day the York defenders attempted to improve their
defences by clearing the ground in front of the castle, but succeeded in
starting a fire that badly damaged the city and destroyed St Peter�s Cathedral.
1/8/1069, Saturday
(-319,861)
12/4/1069, Sunday (-319,972) Easter Sunday
1/1/1069, Thursday
(+320,073)
==============================================================================
1/8/1068, Friday (-320,226)
23/3/1068, Sunday (-320,357) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1068, Tuesday
(-320,439) week 45,777
=================================================================================
1/8/1067, Wednesday (-320,592)
8/4/1067, Sunday
(-320,707) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1067, Monday
(320,804)
===============================================================================
25/12/1066. Monday (-320,811) William the Conqueror was
crowned King of England, in Westminster
Abbey.
23/10/1066, Monday (-320,874)
14/10/1066 Saturday (-320,883) Battle of Hastings. William the Conqueror had
landed in England, at Pevensey Bay, seven miles from the Battle site, on
28/9/1066.
The English lost partly because they left their strong position on the crest of
a hill, and partly because they were exhausted by the Battle of Stamford Bridge
and the long march south. The Witan chose Edgar Atheling, grandson of Edmund
Ironside, as King. William circled London and approached from the north. At
Berkhamsted, Edgar and other Saxon nobles met William and offered him the
crown. King Edward the Confessor of England (1003-66, see 5/1/1066) had
promised the throne of England to King William of Normandy upon his death.
However in response to a Viking threat, Edward also promised the throne to the
Danish King Svein Estrithsson, and Harald Hadraada of Norway had also been
promised the English throne by an earlier King. The English nobility preferred
a native ruler, Harold of Wessex.
2/10/1066, Monday
(-320,895) News reached Harold of William�s landing at Hastings, and he
began marching south to confront him.
28/9/1066, Thursday
(-320,899) William the Conqueror landed at Hastings.
25/9/1066. Monday
(-320,902) King
Harold defeated the Norwegians under Tostig at the
Battle of Stamford Bridge, near York, unaware that William of
Normandy was about to invade the south coast. Tostig had begun an invasion of
Northumbria.
20/9/1066, Wednesday (-320,907) Harald
Hardraada of Norway and Earl Tostig defeated the northern English Earls Edwin
and Morcar. However the Norwegian forces were weakened so that they lost to
Harold II at Stamford Bridge (25/9/1066). In turn the northern English forces
were so weakened by these two battles that they could not fully assist Harold
at Hastings (14/10/1066).
1/8/1066, Tuesday
(-320,957) week 45,851
16/4/1066, Sunday (-321,064) Easter Sunday.
7/1/1066. Saturday
(-321,163) Harold was crowned King
of England in succession to Edward the Confessor. Ten months later he
died at the Battle of Hastings.
5/1/1066. Thursday
(-321,165) Death of Edward the Confessor, said to be
England�s most pious king.� Leaving no
heir, he recommended Harold as his successor. See 14/10/1066.
1/1/1066, Sunday
(-321,169)
===============================================================================
28/12/1065, Wednesday
(-321,173) Westminster Abbey was
consecrated.
1/8/1065, Monday
(-321,322)
1/7/1065, Friday
(-321,353)
24/6/1065, Friday
(-321,360) Ferdinand I, King of Castile and Leon, died.
8/5/1065, Sunday
(-321,407) In Spain, Ramiro I of Aragon died whilst attacking the Moors.
27/3/1065, Sunday (-321,449) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1065, Saturday
(-321,534)
==============================================================================
1/8/1064, Sunday (-321,687)
11/4/1064, Sunday (-321,799) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1064, Thursday
(-321,900)
==============================================================================
4/10/1063, Saturday (-321,989) Death of Tughril, founder of the Seljuk
Empire.
5/8/1063, Tuesday (-321,049) Gruffydd Ap Llywelyn, Welsh King, died.
1/8/1063, Friday (-322,053)
30/4/1063, Wednesday
(-332,146) Renzong, Emperor of
China, died.
20/4/1063, Sunday (-332,156)
Easter Sunday.
1/1/1063, Wednesday
(-322,265)
==============================================================================
1/8/1062, Thursday (-322,418)
31/3/1062, Sunday (-322,541)
Easter Sunday.
1/1/1062, Tuesday
(-322,630) week
46,090
================================================================================
25/12/1061, Tuesday
(-322,637)
28/10/1061, Sunday
(-322,695) Pope Honorius II, antipope, acceded; ruled until 1072.
23/10/1061, Tuesday
(-322,700)
1/8/1061, Wednesday
(-322,783)
15/4/1061, Sunday (-323,891) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1061, Monday
(-322,995)
==============================================================================
25/12/1060, Monday (-323,002)
14/11/1060, �Tuesday (-323,043) Geoffrey
Martel, Count of Anjou, died (born 14/10/1006)..
4/8/1060, Friday
(-323,145) Henry I, King of France, died after a 29-year reign, aged 52. He
was succeeded by his 8-year-old son who ruled as King Philip� I until 1108.
1/8/1060, Tuesday
(-323,148)
26/3/1060, Sunday (-) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1060, Saturday
(-323,361)
==================================================================================
25/12/1059, Saturday
(-323,368) Byzantine Emperor Isaac I Comnenus abdicated in favour of a
senior financial officer who began an 8-year reign as Constantine X (Dukas).
The new Emperor antagonised the army by shifting resources towards the civil
service, the church and scholars.
23/8/1059, Monday
(-323,492) Pope Nicholas II (1058-61) met with Robert Guiscard, leader of
the Normans of southern Italy, at Melfi, and accepted Robert�s vassalship.
Robert pledged that if Pope Nicholas died before him, he would assist the
Cardinals in the election of a new Pope. In effect, Robert was pledging to
protect the Cardinals from political interference by the Roman nobility. In return
Pope Nicholas bestowed upon Robert the title of Duke of Calabria and Apulia.
This infuriated the (Byzantine) Roman Emperor, who claimed all of Italy as part
of his domain, and insisted that Nicholas could not give away lands he had no
title to.
1/8/1059, Sunday
(-323,514)
4/4/1059, Sunday
(-323,633) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1059, Friday
(-323,726)
==================================================================================
25/12/1058, Friday
(-323,733)
28/11/1058, Saturday
(-323,760) Poland�s Grand Duke Casimir died aged 43, having restored
Christianity and regained much of the territory Poland lost with the help of
the late King Henry III of Germany. Casimir was succeeded by his 19-year-old
son who ruled until 1079 as Boleslav II (The Bold).
1/8/1058, Saturday
(-323,879)
25/4/1058, Saturday
(-323,977) Malcolm III, King of Scotland, was crowned at Scone Abbey.
19/4/1058, Sunday (-323,983) Easter Sunday.
5/4/1058, Sunday (-323,997) Pope Benedict X, antipope, acceded (died
1059). Parma Cathedral begun.
29/3/1058, Sunday
(-324,004) Pope Stephen X died.
17/3/1058, Tuesday (-324,016) Lulach,
King of Scots, died and was succeeded by Malcolm III, son of Duncan I.
1/1/1058, Thursday
(-324,091)
==================================================================================
31/8/1057, Sunday
(-324,214) Byzantine Emperor Michael IV Stratioticus abdicated. The
Comnenus Dynasty, which endured until 1185, began in Byzantium with the reign
of Isaac I Comnenus, a military leader proclaimed ruler by the barons of Anatolia.
15/8/1057. Friday
(-324,230) Scottish King Macbeth,
who killed King Duncan 1 in 1040, was killed in battle by Duncan�s son,
Malcolm.
1/8/1057, Friday
(-324,244)
30/3/1057, Sunday (-324,368) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1057, Wednesday
(-324,456)
===================================================================================
25/12/1056, Wednesday (-324,463)
5/10/1056, Saturday
(-324,544) Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor, died, aged 38. He was succeeded
as German king by his 5-year-old son, who reigned as Henry IV until 1106. His
mother Agnes acted as Regent until 1065.
21/8/1056, Wednesday
(-324,589) Byzantine Empress Theodora died, aged 76, ending the Macedonian
Dynasty that had begun with the reign of Justinian the Great in 527. Theodora�s
successor, Michael VI (Stratioticus) was overthrown in early 1057 by� a rebellion of the feudal barons of Anatolia.
1/8/1056, Thursday
(-324,609)
17/6/1056, Sunday
(-324,655) Gruffydd Ap Llywelyn, King of Wales, raided into England and
killed the Bishop of Hereford.� However later
in 1956 he acknowledged the supremacy of King Edward the Confessor of England,
who in turn recognised Gruffydd as ruler of Welsh territory.
1/1/1056, Monday
(-324,822)
================================================================================
18/12/1055, Monday
(-324,836) (Iraq) The Seljuk Turks took Baghdad, ending the Bawayhod
Dynasty. Tughril Beg became Sultan of Baghdad
1/8/1055, Tuesday
(-324,975) week 46,425
16/4/1055, Sunday (-325,082)
Easter Sunday.
7/2/1055, Tuesday
(-325,150) Jaroslav I, Great Prince of Russia, died, ending the golden age
of Kiev. His lands were divided amongst his five sons. The Kievan Rus State, in
existence since the 9th century, split into several smaller states and civil
war followed.
11/1/1055, Wednesday
(-325,177) Byzantine Emperor Constantine IX died, aged 55, leaving Theodora
to rule alone.
1/1/1055, Sunday
(-325,187)
=================================================================================
1/8/1054, Monday
(-325,340)
27/7/1054, Wednesday
(-325,345) (Scotland) Earl Siward of Northumbria defeated Scottish King
Macbeth at Dunsinane and installed Malcolm Canmore, son of the murdered Duncan
I as King of southern Scotland.
4/7/1054, Monday (-325,368) Chinese
astronomers recorded a supernova so bright it could be seen in daylight for 23
days and at night for almost 2 years.
19/4/1054, Tuesday
(-325,444) Pope Leo IX died.
3/4/1054, Sunday
(-325,460) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1054, Saturday
(-325,552)
=================================================================================
1/8/1053, Sunday
(-325,705)
18/6/1053, Friday
(-325,749) (Italy) Battle of Civitate, Italy.
The Normans established domination over southern Italy, defeating a Papal,
Byzantine and Swabian force.
14/4/1053, Wednesday
(-325,814) Godwin, Earl of Wessex, died.
11/4/1053, Sunday (-325,817) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1053, Friday
(-325,917)
==================================================================================
25/12/1052, Friday (-325,924)
4/10/1052, Sunday (-326,006)
Vladimir Yaroslavich, Prince of Novgorod, died.
1/8/1052, Saturday
(-326,070)
15/5/1052, Friday
(-326,148) Godwin returned to England, and Edward the Confessor restored
him as Earl of Wessex.
19/4/1052, Sunday (-326,174) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1052, Wednesday
(-326,283)
=================================================================================
1/8/1051, Thursday (-326,436)
31/3/1051, Sunday (-326,559) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1051, Tuesday
(-326,648) week 46,664
==================================================================================
1/12/1050, Saturday (-326,679)
11/11/1050, Sunday (-326,699) Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor, was born (died
7/8/1106)
1/8/1050, Wednesday (-326,801)
15/4/1050, Sunday (-326,909) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1050, Monday
(-327,013)
==================================================================================
1/10/1049, Sunday
(-327,105) Pope Leo IX (1048-54), noted for his attempts to eradicate
simony, arrived at Reims, France. In March 1049 he had begun a tour of the
Christian lands of Europe, to assert his authority over these regions. He left
Rome and travelled via Florence, Pavia and Cologne to Reims. Whilst still
Bishop of Toul, Pope Leo IX had pledged to be present at the Consecration of
the Cathedral of Reims, built to honour St Remigius, who had baptised Clovis
and played a large role on converting the Franks to Christianity. In fact due
to opposition to Leo�s visit by the King of France, only 20 bishops and 40
abbots attended at Reims, a clear sign of Leo�s limited authority on France.
After parading an effigy of the Saint around the town, before setting in in its
place in the Cathedral, Leo set it on the high altar as a �witness� and asked
all present to declare, individually one by one, that they had not paid money
for their office. Many of those present would not make such a statement.
1/8/1049, Tuesday
(-327,166) week 46,738
26/3/1049, Sunday (-327,294) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1049, Sunday
(-327,378)
=================================================================================
9/8/1048, Tuesday (-327,523) Pope Damasus II died.
1/8/1048, Monday (-327,531)
17/7/1048, Sunday (-327,546) Pope Damasus II (151st Pope) acceded.
15/5/1048, Sunday (-327,609) Persian mathematician and poet Omar Khayyam
was born at Nisipar. He was the first to solve cubic equations (those
containing terms to the power of three).
3/4/1048, Sunday
(-327,651) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1048,� Friday (-327,744)
=================================================================================
25/12/1047, Friday (-327,751)
8/11/1047, Sunday
(-327,798) Pope Benedict IX (150th Pope) regained the Papacy, and was Pope
for a third time (died 1048).
23/10/1047, Friday (-327,814)
9/10/1047, Friday
(-327,828) Pope Clement II died.
1/8/1047, Saturday
(-327,897)
19/4/1047, Sunday (-328,001) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1047, Thursday
(-328,109)
================================================================================
25/12/1046, Thursday (-328,116) (1) Pope Gregory VI
(148th Pope) deposed. The Synod of Rome elected Pope Clement II (Saxon, 149th
Pope) (died 1047).
(2) The German King was crowned Holy
Roman Emperor Henry III in Rome by Pope Clement II.
25/10/1046, Saturday
(-328,177) (Christian) At a Church Council in Pavia, Emperor Henry III
denounced simony, the practice of buying and selling ecclesiastical positions.
1/8/1046, Friday
(-328,262)
30/3/1046, Sunday (-328,386) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1046, Wednesday
(-328,474)
=================================================================================
1/8/1045, Thursday (-328,627)
1/5/1045, Wednesday (-328,719) Pope Gregory VI (148th Pope, deposed
1046) acceded, having bought the Papacy from the deposed Pope Benedict IX
(147th Pope).
7/4/1045, Sunday
(-328,743) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1045, Tuesday
(-328,839) week
46,977
==================================================================================
1/8/1044, Wednesday
(-328,992)
22/4/1044, Sunday
(-329,093) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1044, Sunday
(-329,205)
=================================================================================
1/8/1043, Monday
(-329,358)
3/4/1043, Sunday
(-329,478) Easter Sunday. Edward
the Confessor was crowned.
11/1/1043, Tuesday
(-329,560) (Germany) Agnes (1024-77), daughter of William
V the Pious, Duke of Aquitaine and Agnes of Aquitaine, married Henry III, Holy
Roman Emperor. Henry III died in 1056 and Agnes (daughter) served as Regent for
her minor son, Henry IV. However when Henry IV came of age, Agnes refused to
relinquish the throne. She was eventually deposed by the efforts of two German
bishops; she thereafter lived in Rome, as a staunch supporter of Pope Gregory
VII, until her death in 1077.
1/1/1043, Saturday
(-329,570)
=================================================================================
1/8/1042, Sunday (-329,723)
1/7/1042, Thursday
(-329,754)
12/6/1042, Saturday
(-329,773) In Byzantium, Empress Zoe�s third husband, Constantine IX
Monomachus, became Emperor.
8/6/1042,�
Tuesday (-329,777) Harthacanute, King of
Denmark and England, died.
11/4/1042, Sunday (-329,835) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1042, Friday
(-329,935)
=================================================================================
1/8/1041, Saturday (-330,088)
22/3/1041, Sunday (-330,220)
Easter Sunday.
1/1/1041, Thursday
(-330,300)
=================================================================================
14/8/1040, Thursday (-330,440) Macbeth murdered Duncan I, King of
Scotland, and became King himself.
1/8/1040, Friday
(-330,453)
18/6/1040, Wednesday
(-330,497) Harthacanute, King of England, was crowned in Canterbury
Cathedral.
8/6/1040, Sunday
(-330,507)
6/4/1040, Sunday
(-330,570) Easter Sunday.
17/3/1040, Monday
(-330,590) Harold Harefoot, King of England, was born.
1/1/1040, Tuesday
(-330,666) week
47,238
===================================================================================
1/8/1039, Wednesday
(-330,819)
17/6/1039, Sunday
(-330,814)
4/6/1039, Monday (-330,877)
Holy Roman Emperor Conrad II died in Utrecht, aged 49. He was succeeded as
German King by his 21-year-old son, Henry.
15/4/1039, Sunday (-330,927) Easter Sunday.
10/3/1039, Saturday (-330,963) Seige of Mauze.
1/1/1039, Monday
(-331,031)
===================================================================================
15/8/1038, Tuesday (-331,170) Stephen I, King of Hungary, died and was
succeeded by Peter the German.
1/8/1038, Tuesday (-331,184)
26/3/1038, Sunday (-331,312) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1038, Sunday
(-331,396)
===================================================================================
1/8/1037, Monday (-331,549)
18/6/1037, Saturday
(-331,593) Persian philosopher and physician Avicenna died. His writings
were valued sources for European doctors.
12/6/1037, Sunday
(-331,599)
10/4/1037, Sunday (-331,662) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1037, Saturday
(-331,761)
=================================================================================
1/8/1036, Sunday (-331,914)
18/4/1036, Sunday (-332,019) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1036, Thursday
(-332,127)
================================================================================
25/12/1035, Thursday (-332,134)
12/11/1035. Tuesday
(-332,178) Death of the Danish King
of England, Canute (Cnut), aged 40. His
kingdom disintegrated. Harold I, Cnut�s son by Aelgifu of Northampton, became
Regent of England whilst his half-brother delayed in Denmark. England split
into the old political pattern of Northumbria and Mercia against Wessex.
1/8/1035, Friday (-332,280)
2/7/1035, Wednesday (-332,310) Robert,
Duke of Normandy, died and was succeeded by his�
illegitmate son, William.
30/3/1035, Sunday (-332,404) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1035, Wednesday (-332,492)
==================================================================================
25/12/1034, Wednesday (-322,499)
1/11/1034, Friday (-322,553) King Duncan I of Scotland was crowned.
23/10/1034, Wednesday (-322,562)
1/8/1034, Thursday (-332,645)
14/4/1034, Sunday (-332,754) Easter Sunday
11/4/1034, Thursday (-332,757) Byzantine Emperor Romanus III died. He
was succeeded by Michael IV, who married Romanus�s widow, Zoe.
15/3/1034, Friday (-332,784) King Mieszco II of Poland died. Paganism
re-emerged in Poland.
1/1/1034, Tuesday (-332,857) week 47,551
==================================================================================
1/8/1033, Wednesday (-333,010)
22/4/1033, Sunday (-333,111) Easter
Sunday.
1/1/1033, Monday (-333,222)
=================================================================================
1/8/1032, Tuesday (-333,375)
week 47,625)
2/4/1032, Sunday (-333,496) Easter
Sunday.
1/1/1032, Saturday (-333,588)
=================================================================================
30/11/1031, Tuesday (-333,620)
(Spain) Hisham III, Umayyad Muslim ruler in Cordoba, was deposed by the
city�s inhabitants.
1/8/1031, Sunday (-333,741)
20/7/1031, Tuesday (-333,753) Robert
II (The Pious), King of France, died aged 61 He was succeeded by his
23-year-old son Constance of Aquitaine, who ruled as Henry I until 1060.
13/6/1031, Sunday (-333,790)
11/4/1031, Sunday (-333,853) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1031, Friday
(-333,953)
=================================================================================
1/8/1030, Saturday (-334,106)
21/4/1030, Tuesday (-334,208)
(India) Mahmud, Emir of Ghazni, died.
29/3/1030, Sunday (-334,231) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1030, Thursday
(-334,318)
=================================================================================
1/8/1029, Friday (-334,471)
6/4/1029, Sunday (-334,588) Easter
Sunday.
1/1/1029, Wednesday (-334,683)
==================================================================================
1/8/1028, Thursday (-334,836)
14/4/1028, Sunday (-334,945) Easter Sunday. Henry, son of Holy Roman
Emperor Conrad II, was crowned King of the Germans.
1/1/1028, Monday
(-335,049)
===================================================================================
1/8/1027, Tuesday (-335,202) week 47,886
26/3/1027, Sunday (-335,830) Easter Sunday. Holy Roman Emperor Conrad II
was crowned in Rome.
1/1/1027, Sunday
(-335,414)
==================================================================================
1/8/1026, Monday (-335,567)
10/4/1026, Sunday (-335,680) Easter Sunday
1/1/1026, Saturday
(-335,779)
==================================================================================
25/12/1025, Saturday (-335,786)
15/12/1025, Wednesday (-335,796) Byzantine Emperor Basil II (the Bulgar
Slayer) died. His brother, and previous co-Emperor, Constantine VIII, succeeded
him.
1/8/1025, Sunday (-335,932)
18/4/1025, Sunday (-336,037) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1025, Friday
(-336,144)
==================================================================================
1/8/1024, Saturday (-336,297)
13/7/1024, Monday (-336,316) Holy
Roman Emperor Henry II died aged 51 after a 10-year reign. He was succeeded as
King of the Germans and Holy Roman Emperor by his 34-year-old son, who ruled as
Conrad II until 1039.
Tuesday (-336,336)
8/5/1024, Friday (-336,382)
5/4/1024, Sunday (-336,415)
1/1/1024, Wednesday (-336,510)
==================================================================================
1/8/1023, Thursday (-336,663)
8/5/1023, Wednesday (-336,748)
14/4/1023, Sunday (-336,772) Easter Sunday
1/1/1023, Tuesday
(-336,875) week 48,125
=================================================================================
1/8/1022, Wednesday (-337,028)
8/5/1022, Tuesday (-337,113)
25/3/1022, Sunday (-337,157) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1022, Monday
(-337,240)
==================================================================================
Tuesday (-337,337)
1/8/1021, Tuesday (-337,393) week 48,199
8/5/1021, Monday (-337,478)
2/4/1021, Sunday (-337,514) Easter
Sunday.
13/2/1021, Monday (-337,562) Al
Hakim, Caliph of Egypt, was murdered and su cceeded by his son, al Zahir.
1/1/1021, Sunday (-337,605)
================================================================================
25/12/1220, Sunday (-337,612)
23/10/1220, Sunday (-337,675)
14/10/1020, Friday (-337,684) Assassination
of Einar II Rangmund, co-Earl of Orkney.
1/8/1020, Monday (-337,758)
8/5/1020, Sunday (-337,843)
16/4/1020, Sunday (-337,864) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1020, Friday
(-337,971)
===============================================================================
1/8/1019, Saturday (-338,124)
8/5/1019, Friday (-338,209)
29/3/1019, Sunday (-338,249) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1019, Thursday
(-338,336)
===============================================================================
Tuesday (-338,338)
1/8/1018, Friday
(-338,489)
21/7/1018, Monday
(-338,500) (Poland) Boleslav I defeated Jaroslav of Novgorod, who had
seized Kiev. Anti-Polish uprisings then forced Boleslav to retreat, but
nevertheless he still retained Czerwien and Przemsyl for Poland.
8/5/1018, Thursday (-338,574)
6/4/1018, Sunday (-338,606) Easter
Sunday.
30/1/1018, Thursday (-338,672)
(Poland) The Treaty of Bautzen ended a 15-year war between Germany and
Poland. Boleslav the Brave gained Lusatia.
1/1/1018, Wednesday (-338,701)
================================================================================
1/8/1017, Thursday (-338,854)
8/5/1017, Wednesday (-338,939)
21/4/1017, Sunday (-338,956)
Easter Sunday.
21/3/1017, Thursday (-338,987)
21/2/1017, Thursday (-339,015)
21/1/1017, Monday (-339,046)
6/1/1017, Sunday (-339,061) (Britain) Cnut was crowned King of England in
London.
1/1/1017, Tuesday (-339,066) week
48,438
=================================================================================
6/12/1016, Thursday (-339,092)
30/11/1016, Friday (-339,098) King
Edmund was murdered and Cnut became King of England.
28/10/1017, Sunday (-339,131) Henry
III, Holy Roman Emperor, was born (died 5/10/1056).
18/10/1016, Thursday (-339,141)
The Danes under Canute defeated the Saxons at the Battle of Assandun (now
Ashingdon, Essex)
16/8/1016, Thursday (-339,204)
1/8/1016, Wednesday (-339,219)
14/6/1016, Thursday (-339,267)
8/5/1016, Tuesday (-339,304)
23/4/1016, Monday (-339,319) Ethelred
died and was succeeded by his son Edmund II, Ironside. Edmund and Cnut fought
for the throne. Edmund agreed to keep Wessex and leave Cnut ruling over the
rest of England.
8/4/1016, Sunday (-339,334)
Tuesday (-339,339)
1/4/1016, Sunday (-339,341) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1016, Sunday
(-339,432)
===============================================================================
1/8/1015, Monday (-339,585)
8/5/1015, Sunday (-339,670)
10/4/1015, Sunday (-339,698) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1015, Saturday
(-339,797)
================================================================================
1/8/1014, Sunday (-339,950)
6/7/1014, Tuesday (-339,976) (Byzantium,
Bulgaria) The Byzantine Emperor Basil II
defeated the Bulgarian army, after a 28-year war, under Tsar Samuel, then
ordered the defeated 15,000 men to be blinded. Basil arranged for one eye of
every hundredth man to be spared so the army could find its way back to the
Tsar.
8/5/1014, Saturday (-340,035)
25/4/1014, Sunday (-340,048) Easter
Sunday.
23/4/1014, Friday
(-340,050) (1) Battle of Clontarf: Gaelic
Irish forces under Brian Boru defeated several allied Viking forces in Ireland,
ending their power there but losing Brian in the battle.
(2) Accession of Einar II Rangmund as
co-Earl of Orkney.
14/2/1014, Sunday
(-340,118) King Henry III of Germany was proclaimed Holy Roman Emperor by
the Pope. Arduin, considering himself the King of Italy, seized Vercelli, west
of Milan amd besieged Novara and Como; however he was then vanquished by Henry
III�s forces. Arduin then retired to a monastery� at Fruttuaria, near Turin, where he died in
1015.
3/2/1014, Wednesday
(-340,129) (Britain) Svein Forkbeard, King of Denmark, Norway and England,
died. In Denmark he was succeeded by his son Harold, and in England by his
other son Cnut. Ethelred the Unready, however, returned from Normandy to
displace Cnut, who then left England.
1/2/1014, Monday
(-340,131)
1/1/1014, Friday
(-340,162)
================================================================================
25/12/1013, Friday
(-340,169) Danish King Swein Forkbeard invaded England and was declared its
King. However he died 5 weeks later.
1/8/1013, Saturday
(-340,315)
Tuesday (-340,340)
8/5/1013, Friday (-340,400)
5/4/1013, Sunday
(-340,433) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1013, Thursday
(-340,527)
===============================================================================
1/8/1012,
Friday (-340,680)
24/5/1012, Saturday
(-340,749) Boleslav of Poland paid homage to the German Emperor Henry II,
and kept all his conquests except Bohemia.
8/5/1012, Thursday
(-340,765)
20/4/1012, Sunday
(-340,783) Suleiman was re-established as Caliph in Cordoba.
19/4/1012. Saturday (-340,784) St
Alpheage, Archbishop of Canterbury, was murdered by the Danes. He had been
captured by the Danes who sacked
Canterbury in 1011 and kept in prison for 7 months, and killed when a
ransom was not paid.. Born in 954, St Alpheage was elected Abbot at Bath, and
in 984 became the Bishop of Winchester. In 1006 he succeeded Aelfric as
Archbishop of Canterbury.
13/4/1012, Sunday (-340,790) Easter Sunday
1/1/1012, Tuesday
(-340,893) week 48,699
================================================================================
1/8/1011, Wednesday (-341,046)
8/5/1011, Tuesday
(-341,131)
Tuesday (-341,341)
25/3/1011, Sunday (-341,175) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1011, Monday
(-341,258)
===============================================================================
1/8/1010, Tuesday (-341,411)
8/5/1010, Monday (-341,496)
9/4/1010, Sunday (-341,525) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1010, Sunday
(-341,623)
===============================================================================
25/12/1009, Sunday (-341,630)
23/10/1009, Sunday (-341,693)
27/9/1009, Tuesday (-341,719) (Christian) Caliph Al Hakim ordered the
destruction of the Church of the Holy Sepulchre, Jerusalem.
1/8/1009, Monday (-341,776)
8/5/1009, Sunday (-341,861)
16/4/1009, Sunday (-341,882) Easter Sunday.
14/3/1009, Tuesday (-341,915) German missionary Bruno Boniface was
killed whilst attempting to convert the Baltic Jadzwingas tribe.
1/1/1009, Saturday (-341,988)
==============================================================================
1/8/1008, Sunday (-342,141)
8/5/1008, Saturday (-342,226)
28/3/1008, Sunday� (-) Easter Sunday.
Tuesday (-342,342)
1/1/1008, Thursday
(-342,354)
==============================================================================
25/12/1007, Thursday
(-342,361)
1/11/1007, Saturday
(-342,414) (Christian Missionary) German Emperor Henry II established the Bishopric
of Bamberg, in order to convert the Wends.
23/10/1007, Thursday
(-342,423)
1/8/1007, Friday
(-342,507)
8/5/1007, Thursday
(-342,592)
6/4/1007, Sunday
(-342,624) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1007, Wednesday
(-342,719)
=============================================================================
25/12/1006, Wednesday
(-342,726)
23/10/1006, Wednesday
(-342,789)
14/10/1006, Monday
(-342,798) Geoffrey Martel, Count of Anjou, was born (died 14/11/1060).
3/10/1006,
1/8/1006, Thursday
(-342,872)
8/5/1006, Wednesday
(-342,957)
21/4/1006, Sunday (-342,974)
Easter Sunday.
1/1/1006, Tuesday (-343,084) week
49,012
===============================================================================
1/8/1005, Wednesday (-343,237)
8/5/1005, Tuesday
(-343,322)
Tuesday (-343,343)
8/4/1005, Sunday (-343,352)
1/4/1005, Sunday (-343,359) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1005, Monday
(-343,449)
===============================================================================
1/8/1004, Tuesday (-343,602)
14/5/1004, Sunday (-343,691) Arduin left Italy. Emperor Henry II was
crowned King.
8/5/1004, Monday (-343,687)
16/4/1004, Sunday (-343,709) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1004, Saturday
(-343,815)
===============================================================================
25/12/1003, Saturday (-343,822)
23/10/1003, Saturday (-343,885)
1/10/1003, Friday (-343,907) All the German princes accepted Henry II�s
title of Emperor.
1/8/1003, Sunday (-343,968)
12/5/1003. Wednesday (-344,049) Sylvester II, (Gerbert of
Aurillac) the first French Pope, died. Elected in 999 with the backing of Otto
III, he encouraged the Holy Roman
Emperor�s ambition to re-create the Roman Empire of the west.
8/5/1003, Saturday (-344,053)
28/4/1003, Wednesday
(-344,063)
28/3/1003, Sunday� (-344,094) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1003, Friday
(-344,180)
===============================================================================
25/12/1002, Friday (-344,187)
13/11/1002, Friday (-344,229) In England, on St Brice�s Day, many
leading men of Viking descent were massacred on th orders of King Ethelred II
The Unready, because he doubted their loyalty. His policy of buying the Vikings
off had failed to halt their raids. In revenge Sweyn returned in 1002 and
ravaged Exeter in 1003 and Norwich and Thetford in 1004. After a lull in 1005
Viking attacks on English towns resumed and Aethelred bought them off for a
larger sum than ever, �36,000, in 1007. But in 1010 the Vikings were bought off
again, for �48,000 this time. In the 1010s the Vikings made efforts to gain
political control of the English Kingdom of northern and western England.
Aethelred, called the Unready as he was without rede or counsel, had been a
weak, improvident, and self-indulgent monarch, and he died in London on
23/4/1016. His wife Emma subsequently married Canute, and died in retirement at
Winchester on 6/3/1052 after not her son (Hardicanute) but Harold Harefoot had
become king of England.
1/8/1002, Saturday (-344,333)
Tuesday (-344,344)
21/6/1002, Sunday
(-344,374) Pope Leo IX was born.
8/5/1002, Friday (-344,418)
5/4/1002, Sunday
(-344,451) Easter Sunday.
15/2/1002, Sunday
(-344,500) Arduin led an Italian revolt against German rule, and was
crowned King of Italy
23/1/1002, Friday
(-344,523) Holy Roman Emperor Otto III died aged 21, whilst fighting Rome.
He was succeeded as King of the Franks and Bavarians by his 28-year-old cousin
Henry, Duke of Bavaria, who became Holy Roman Emperor in 1014.
1/1/1002, Thursday
(-344,545)
================================================================================
25/12/1001, Thursday
(-344,552)
2/12/1001. Tuesday
(-344,575) The Danes in England were
massacred on the orders of King Aethelred, after his policy of buying them off
had failed to halt the Dane�s raids. In revenge Sweyn returned in 1002 and
ravaged Exeter in 1003 and Norwich and Thetford in 1004. After a lull in 1005
Danish attacks on English towns resumes and Aethelred bought them off for a
larger sum than ever, �36,000, in 1007. But in 1010 the Danes were bough off
again, for �48,000 this time. In the 1010s the Danes made efforts to gain political
control of the English Kingdom of northern and western England. Aethelred,
called the Unready as he was without rede or counsel, had been a weak, improvident, and self-indulgent monarch,
and he died in London on 23/4/1016. His wife Emma subsequently married Canute,
and died in retirement at Winchester on 6/3/1052 after not her son
(Hardicanute) but Harold Harefoot had become king of England.
27/11/1001, Thursday (-344,580) (India) Mahmud of Ghazni (now,
Afghanistan) defated Jaipal of the Punjab at Peshawar and occupied the Punjab.
Jaipal committed suicide.
1/8/1001, Friday (-344,698)
8/5/1001, Thursday
(-344,783)
13/4/1001, Sunday (-344,808) Easter Sunday
1/1/1001, Wednesday
(-344,910)
==============================================================================
25/12/1000, Wednesday (-344,917) Stephen I became King of Hungary, which
was established as a Christian kingdom.
9/9/1000, Monday (354,024) Alarmed by the growing power of Olaf
Tryggvason, King of Norway, King Sweyn Forkbeard of Denmark, King Olaf Eriksson
of Sweden and Earl Eirik Hakonarson of Lade united to eliminate him. Olaf
travelled to Wendland to seek allies, but his fleet was caught by the three
allies off Svolder Island (probably, modern Rugen). Most of Olaf�s mercenary
fleet abandoned him, and he was drowned when he jumped ship and his men
surrendered. However the allied effort was in vain, because within 35 years
Norway was a united Christian Kingdom under Olaf�s son Magnus.
1/8/1000, Thursday (-345,063)
8/5/1000, Wednesday (-345,148)
8/4/1000, Monday (-345,178)
31/3/1000, Sunday (-345,186) (Poland) Easter Sunday. Emperor Otto III
crowned Boleslav I as King of Poland, recognising Poland�s ecclesiastical and
political independence.
1/1/1000, Monday
(-345,276)
===================================================================================
25/12/999, Monday (-345,283)
17/12/999, Sunday (-345,291) Adelheid, widow of King Otto I of Germany,
mother of King Otto II and grandmother of King Otto III, born 931, died.
Tuesday (-345,345)
1/8/999 Tuesday (-345,429)
week 49,347
8/5/999, Monday (-345,514)
9/4/999, Sunday (-345,543) Easter Sunday.
2/4/999, Sunday (-345,550) Gerbert of Aurillac, mathematician,
philosopher and inventor, became Pope Sylvester II, (139th Pope) the first
French Pope (died 1003)
4/2/999, Saturday (-345,607) Pope Gregory V died.
1/1/999, Sunday
(-345,641)
===================================================================================
998,
25/12/998, Sunday (-345,648)
2/11/998, Tuesday (-345,702)
The Abbot of Cluny, France, instituted this day as All Soul�s day, when prayers
are said for the dead. This way the Church co-opted the ancient pagan festival
of Samhain, at the beginning of November, when the souls of the dead were said
to return to roam the Earth.
1/8/998, Monday (-345,794)
8/5/998, Sunday (-345,879)
16/4/998, Sunday (-345,900) Easter Sunday.
1/1/998, Saturday
(-346,006)
==================================================================================
1/8/997, Sunday (-346,159)
8/5/997, Saturday (-346,244)
23/4/997, Friday (-346,259) St Adalbert, the Apostle of
the Prussians, from Prague, was murdered by the Prussians, whom he was trying
to convert. He had also preached to the Hungarians and Bohemians, the latter
being annoyed by his asceticism.
28/3/997, Sunday� (-346,285) Easter Sunday.
1/1/997, Friday
(-346,371)
==================================================================================
25/12/996, Friday (-346,378)
24/10/996, Saturday (-346,440) Robert II The Pious, son of Hugh Capet,
became King of France.
14/10/996, Wednesday
(-346,450) Hugh Capet, King of the Franks, died aged 58. He was succeeded
by his 26-year-old son who ruled as Robert II until 1031.
Tuesday (-346,346)
1/8/996, Saturday
(-346,524)
21/5/996, Thursday
(-346,596) (Germany, Italy) Pope Gregory V crowned Otto III as Emperor.
Gregory was expelled by the citizens of Rome in September 996.
8/5/996, Friday (-346,609)
12/4/996, Sunday (-346,635) Easter Sunday
1/1/996, Wednesday
(-346,737)
=================================================================================
1/8/995, Thursday (-346,890)
8/5/995, Wednesday (-346,975)
21/4/995, Sunday (-346,992)
Easter Sunday.
1/1/995, Tuesday (-347,102) week
49,586
===============================================================================
1/8/994, Wednesday (-347,255)
14/6/994, Thursday (-347,303) (Egypt) The Caliph of Egypt defeated a
Byzantine army near Antioch.
10/5/994, Thursday (-347,338) The Vikings invaded Anglesey.
8/5/994, Tuesday (-347,340)
Tuesday (-347,347)
8/4/994, Sunday (-374,370)
1/4/994, Sunday (-374,377) Easter Sunday.
1/1/994, Monday
(-347,467)
==============================================================================
1/8/993, Tuesday (-347,620) week 49,620
8/5/993, Monday (-347,705)
16/4/993, Sunday (-347,727) Easter Sunday.
1/1/993, Sunday
(-347,832)
===============================================================================
1/8/992, Monday (-347,985)
8/5/992, Sunday (-348,070)
8/4/992, Friday (-348,100)
27/3/992, Sunday (-348,112) Easter Sunday.
29/2/992, Monday (-348,139) Saint Oswald, Archbishop of York, died.
1/1/992, Friday
(-348,198)
==============================================================================
11/8/991, Tuesday (-348,341) Battle of Maldon. The Danes under Olaf
Tryggvason attempted a landing at Maldon, Essex, but were pinned down on the
causeway from Northey Island to the mainland, where battle was impossible. They
requested to be allowed to progress onto the mainland where proper battle could
take place, and for some reason Aethelred II allowed them to, perhaps out of a
sense of fair play or possibly he was confident he could defeat them. In the
event the Danes won, allowing them to conquer first Essex then much of the rest
of England.
1/8/991, Saturday (-348,351)
15/6/991, Monday (-348,398) Empress Theophano, Byzantine-born widow of
King Otto II of Germany, died.
Tuesday (-348,348)
8/5/991, Friday (-348,436)
5/4/991, Sunday (-348,469) Easter Sunday.
1/1/991, Thursday
(-348,563)
===============================================================================
25/12/990, Thursday (-348,570)
23/10/990, Thursday (-348,633)
28/9/990. Sunday (-348,658) King Wenceslas
of Bohemia, the Good King Wenceslas of the Christmas carol, died in Stara
Boleslav.
1/8/990, Friday (-348,716)
8/5/990, Thursday (-348,801)
20/4/990, Sunday (-348,819) Easter
Sunday.
13/2/990, Thursday (-348,885) Ethelgar, Archbishop of Canterbury,
died.
1/1/990, Wednesday
(-348,928)
===============================================================================
1/10/989, Tuesday (-349,020) Byzantine rebel usurper Bardas Phocas
surrendered.
1/8/989, Thursday (-349,081)
8/5/989, Wednesday (-349,166)
8/4/989, Monday (-349,196)
31/3/989, Sunday (-349,204) Easter Sunday.
1/1/989, Tuesday
(-349,293) week 49,899
================================================================================
Tuesday (-349,349)
1/8/988, Wednesday
(-349,446)
19/5/988, Saturday (-349,520) Saint Dunstan, Archbishop of Canterbury
(born near Glastonbury ca. 910) died in Canterbury. He was appointed to
Archbishop by King Edgar in 959.
8/4/988, Sunday (-349,661) Easter Sunday.
1/1/988, Sunday
(-349,659)
==================================================================================
14/9/987, Wednesday (-349,768) Bardas Phocas proclaimed himself
Byzantine emperor.
1/8/987, Monday (-349,812)
3/7/987, Sunday (-349,841) Hugh Capet, Duke of the Franks, succeeded to
the French throne, founding the Capetian dynasty, which ruled France until
1328.
21/5/987, Saturday (-349,884) Louis V of France died without an heir.
8/5/987, Sunday (-349,897)
24/4/987, Sunday (-349,911) Easter Sunday.
8/4/987, Friday (-349,927)
8/3/987, Tuesday (-349,958)
1/1/987, Saturday
(-350,024)
=================================================================================
986,
1/8/986, Sunday (-350,177)
8/5/986, Saturday (-350,262)
4/4/986, Sunday (-350,296)
Easter Sunday.
2/3/986, Tuesday (-350,329) Lothair, King of the Franks, died, aged
44. He was succeeded by his 19-year-old son who ruled briefly as Louis V (le
Faineant).
Tuesday (-350,350)
1/1/986, Friday
(-350,389)
================================================================================
985,
1/8/985, Saturday
(-350,542)
8/5/985, Friday (-350,627)
12/4/985, Sunday (-350,653) Easter Sunday
1/1/985, Thursday
(-350,754)
===============================================================================
984,
1/8/984, Friday (-350,907)
8/5/984, Thursday (-350,992)
23/3/984, Sunday (-351,039) Easter Sunday.
1/1/984, Tuesday
(-351,120) week 50,160
===============================================================================
983,
25/12/983, Tuesday (-351,127)
7/12/983, Friday (-351,145) (Italy, Germany) Holy Roman Emperor Otto
II died in his palace in Rome, aged 28. He was succeeded by his 3-year-old son,
Otto III, under the guardianship of his Byzantine mother Theophano.
1/8/963, Wednesday (-351,273)
Tuesday (-351,351)
8/5/983, Tuesday (-351,358)
8/4/983, Sunday (-351,388) Easter Sunday.
9/1/983, Monday
(-351,485)
================================================================================
982,
1/8/982, Tuesday (-351,638) week 50,234
13/7/982, Thursday (-351,657) Emperor Otto II, who had invaded Italy,
was defeated at Apulia by an allied Arab-Byzantine force.
8/5/982, Monday (-351,723)
16/4/982, Sunday (-351,745) Easter Sunday.
9/1/982, Sunday
(-351,850)
================================================================================
981,
1/8/981, Monday (-352,003)
8/5/981, Sunday (-352,088)
27/3/981, Sunday (-352,130) Easter Sunday.
1/1/981, Saturday
(-352,215)
================================================================================
Tuesday (-352,352)
1/8/980, Sunday
(-352,368)
8/5/980, Saturday (-352,453)
11/4/980, Sunday (-352,480) Easter Sunday.
1/1/980, Thursday
(-352,581)
===============================================================================
1/8/979, Friday (-352,734)
8/5/979, Thursday (-352,819)
20/4/979, Sunday (-352,837)
Easter Sunday.
24/3/979, Monday (-352,864) Bardas Sclerus was defeated by the
Byzantine Army.
1/1/979, Wednesday (-352,946)
================================================================================
1/8/978, Thursday (-353,099)
19/6/978, Wednesday (-353,142) Rebel Byzantine General Bardas Sclerus
defeated Byzantine Imperial forces in Anatolia.
8/5/978, Wednesday (-353,184)
8/4/978, Monday (-353,214)
4/4/978, Thursday (-353,218) Ethelred II (the Unready) was crowned
King of England
31/3/978, Sunday (-353,222) Easter Sunday.
18/3/978, Monday (-353,235) King Edward the Martyr was murdered at
Corfe Castle, and succeeded by Ethelred II (The Unready or Ill-Advised).
1/1/978, Tuesday
(-353,311) week 50,473
===============================================================================
Tuesday (-353,353)
1/8/977, Wednesday
(-353,464)
8/5/977, Tuesday (-353,549)
8/4/977, Sunday (-353,579) Easter Sunday.
1/1/977, Monday (-353,676)
===============================================================================
25/12/976, Monday (-353,683)
23/10/976, Monday (-353,746)
1/10/976, Sunday (-353.768) Al Hakkam II, Caliph of Spain, died and was
succeeded by his son, Hisham II. However from then until around 1002 the real
power was with the Regent, Al-Mansour, who won major victories against
Christian forces in 988 and 997.
1/8/976, Tuesday (-353,829) week 50,547
8/5/976, Monday (-353,914)
23/4/976, Sunday (-353,929) Easter Sunday.
10/1/976, Monday (-354,033) Byzantine co-Emperor John I Tzimisces died
aged 51 after returning from a second campaign against the Saracens. The other
co-Emperor, Basil II, then aged 20, now ruled alone until 1025.
1/1/976, Saturday
(-354,042)
==============================================================================
1/8/975, Sunday (-354,195)
8/5/975, Saturday (-354,280)
4/4/975, Sunday (-354,314) Easter Sunday.
Tuesday (-354,354)
1/1/975, Friday
(-354,407)
===============================================================================
1/8/974, Saturday
(-354,560)
8/5/974, Friday (-354,645)
12/4/974, Sunday (-354,671) Easter Sunday
1/1/974, Thursday
(-354,772)
================================================================================
1/8/973, Friday (-354,925)
11/5/973, Sunday (-355,007)� Edgar
was crowned King of England at Bath.
7/5/973, Wednesday (-355,011)
Otto I, King of Germany, died, aged 60, after an 11-year reign. He was
succeeded by his 18-year-old son, Otto II, who had been joint Emperor since
Christmas 967, and who in 972 had married the Byzantine Princess Theophano,
daughter of Romanus II. Otto II ruled until 7/12/ 983.
23/3/973, Sunday (-355,056) Easter Sunday.
1/1/973, Wednesday
(-355,137)
=================================================================================
6/9/972, Friday (-355,254) Pope John XIII died.
1/8/972, Thursday (-355,290)
Tuesday (-355,355)
8/5/972, Wednesday (-355,375)
14/4/972, Sunday (-355,399) (Byzantium, Germany, Italy) Otto II was
married to Theophano, niece of Byzantine Emperor John I Tzimisces. This allied
the �Western Roman Empire� with Byzantium.
7/4/972, Sunday (-355,406) Easter Sunday.
1/1/972, Monday
(-355,503)
================================================================================
2/10/971, Monday (-155,594) Mahmud of Ghazni, Afghan warrior, was born
(died 1030).
1/8/971, Tuesday (-355,656) week 50,808
8/5/971, Monday (-355,741)
23/4/971, Sunday (-355,756) (Bulgaria) Byzantine Emperor John I
Tzimisces expelled Svyatoslav of Kiev from Bulgaria and the Crimea.
16/4/971, Sunday (-355,763) Easter Sunday.
1/1/971, Sunday
(-355,868)
================================================================================
1/8/970, Monday (-356,021)
8/5/970, Sunday (-356,106)
27/3/970, Sunday (-356,148) Easter Sunday.
1/1/970, Saturday
(-356,233)
================================================================================
25/12/969, Saturday (-356,240)
10/12/969, Friday (-356,255) Byzantine Emperor Nicephoras II Phocas was
murdered. He was succeeded by John I Tzimisces.
28/10/969. Thursday (-356,298) After a prolonged siege, Byzantium captured Antioch from the Arabs.
Tuesday (-356,356)
1/8/969, Sunday
(-356,386)
6/7/969, Tuesday
(-356,412) Fatimid Caliph al-Mu�izz conquered Egypt, making Cairo his
capital, and the centre of a Shiite Empire.
8/5/969, Saturday (-356,471)
11/4/969, Sunday (-356,498) Easter Sunday.
1/1/969, Friday
(-356,598)
============================================================================
1/8/968, Saturday (-356,751)
19/4/968, Sunday (-356,856) Easter Sunday.
1/1/968, Wednesday
(-356,964)
============================================================================
22/12/967, Sunday (-356,974) (Italy) Pope John XIII formally crowned Otto
II, son of Otto I The Great, co-Emperor.
4/8/967, Sunday (-357,114)
1/8/967, Thursday (-357,117)
8/5/967, Wednesday (-357,202)
8/4/967, Monday (-357,232)
31/3/967, Sunday (-357,240) Easter Sunday.
1/1/967, Tuesday
(-357,329)
==============================================================================
Tuesday (-3570,357)
1/8/966, Wednesday
(-357,482)
8/5/966, Tuesday (-357,567)
15/4/966, Sunday (-357,590) Easter Sunday.
14/4/966, Saturday (-357,591)Mieszko I, the first duke of
Poland, was baptized a Christian. This
is usually considered the beginning of the Polish state.
1/1/966, Monday
(-375,694)
================================================================================
25/12/965, Monday (-375,701)
23/10/965, Monday (-375,764)
1/10/965, Sunday (-375,786) John XIII became Pope.
1/8/965, Tuesday (-357,847) week 51,121
8/5/965, Monday (-357,932)
26/3/965, Sunday (-357,975) Easter Sunday.
1/1/965, Sunday
(-358,059)
================================================================================
1/8/964, Monday (-358,212)
8/5/964, Sunday (-358,297)
3/4/964, Sunday (-358,332) Easter Sunday.
Tuesday (-358,358)
1/1/964, Friday
(-358,425)
=================================================================================
25/12/963, Friday
(-358,432)
4/12/963, Friday
(-358,453) (Papal succession, Italy)
Emperor Otto I The Great deposed Pope John XII. Leo VIII was elected to succeed
him.
16/8/963, Sunday
(-358,563) Nicephoras II Phocas was crowned Byzantine Emperor.
1/8/963, Saturday
(-358,578)
8/5/963, Friday (-358,663)
19/4/963, Sunday (-358,682) Easter Sunday.
12/4/963, Saturday (-358,697)
The foundation of Luxembourg. On this day Count Sigefroi of
the House of Ardenne acquired the site of present day Luxembourg City for the
purpose of erecting a castle there.
1/1/963, Thursday
(-358,790)
================================================================================
1/8/962, Friday (-358,943)
8/5/962, Thursday (-359,028)
8/4/962, Tuesday (-359,058)
30/3/962, Sunday (-359,067) Easter Sunday.
2/3/962, Sunday (-359,095)
2/2/962, Sunday (-359,123) Saxon
Otto I was crowned Holy Roman Emperor by Pope John XII.
1/1/962, Wednesday
(-359,155)
================================================================================
1/8/961, Thursday (-359,308)
Tuesday (-359,359)
26/5/961, Sunday
(-359,375) Otto, son of Otto I The Great, was crowned King of Lorraine.
8/5/961, Wednesday (-359,393)
7/4/961, Sunday (-359,424) Easter Sunday.
1/1/961, Tuesday
(-359,520) week 51,360
===============================================================================
1/8/960, Wednesday (-359,673)
8/5/960, Tuesday (-359,758)
22/4/960, Sunday (-359,774) Easter Sunday.
1/1/960, Sunday
(-359,886)
===============================================================================
25/12/959, Sunday (-359,893)
7/11/959, Monday (-359,941) Byzantine Emperor Constantine VII
Porphyrogenitus died after a reign of 47 years. He was succeeded by his son
Romanus II, who misruled for 4 years.
23/10/959, Sunday (-359,956)
1/10/959, Saturday (-359,978) King Eadwig of England died, and was
succeeded by his brother Edgar, who effectively completed the unification of
England when Northumbria finally submitted to his rule.
1/8/959, Monday (-360,039)
2/6/959, Thursday (-360,099) Odo, Archbishop of Canterbury, died.
8/5/959, Sunday (-360,124)
3/4/959, Sunday (-360,159)
Easter Sunday.
1/1/959, Saturday
(-360,251)
===============================================================================
Tuesday (-360,360)
1/8/958, Sunday
(-360,404)
8/5/958, Saturday (-360,489)
11/4/958, Sunday (-360,516) Easter Sunday.
1/1/958, Friday (-360,616)
===============================================================================
1/8/957, Saturday (-360,769)
8/5/957, Friday (-360,854)
19/4/957, Sunday (-360,873) Easter Sunday.
1/1/957, Thursday
(-360,981)
================================================================================
1/8/956, Friday (-361,134)
17/6/956, Tuesday (-361,179) Hugh The Great died, 2 months after
gaining mastery of Burgundy. He was succeeded by his 18-year-old son, Hugh
Capet, who was reluctantly acknowledged as Duke of the Franks by his cousin,
Lothair, King of the Franks.
8/5/956, Thursday (-361,219)
6/4/856, Sunday (-361,251) Easter Sunday.
26/1/956, Saturday (-361,322) King Eadwig (Edwy) of England was crowned.
1/1/956, Tuesday
(-361,347) week 51,621
================================================================================
25/12/955, Tuesday
(-361,354)
23/11/955, Thursday
(-361,387) King Edred of England died and was succeeded by Eadwig, son of
Edred�s brother and former King (Edmund I).
10/8/955, Friday (-361,491) At the Battle of Lechfeld, near Augsburg,
Otto I of the Holy Roman Empire heavily defeated the Magyars, stopping their
westwards invasion into Germany.
1/8/955, Wednesday (-361,500)
8/5/955, Tuesday (-361,585)
15/4/955, Sunday (-361,608) Easter Sunday.
1/1/955, Monday
(-361,712)
================================================================================
10/9/954, Sunday (-361,825) Louis IV, King of France, died aged 33. He
was succeeded by his 13-year-old son Lothair who reigned until 986.
1/8/954, Tuesday (-361,865) week 51,695
8/5/954, Monday (-361,950)
26/3/954, Sunday (-361,993) Easter Sunday.
1/1/1954, Sunday
(-362,077)
==================================================================================
1/8/953, Monday (-362,230)
8/5/953, Sunday (-362,315)
3/4/953, Sunday (-362,350) Easter Sunday.
Tuesday (-362,362)
1/1/953, Saturday
(-362,442)
================================================================================
1/8/952, Sunday
(-362,595)
8/5/952, Saturday (-362,680)
18/4/952, Sunday (-362,700) Easter Sunday.
1/1/952, Thursday
(-362,808)
================================================================================
1/8/951, Friday (-362,961)
8/5/951, Thursday (-363,046)
30/3/951, Sunday (-363,085) Easter Sunday.
1/1/951, Wednesday (-363,173)
==============================================================================
1/8/950, Thursday (-353,326)
Tuesday (-363,363)
8/5/950, Wednesday (-363,411)
7/4/950, Sunday (-363,442) Easter Sunday.
1/1/950, Tuesday (-363,538) week
51,934
===============================================================================
1/8/949, Wednesday (-363,691)
8/5/949, Tuesday (-363,776)
22/4/949, Sunday (-363,792) Easter Sunday.
1/1/949, Monday
(-363,903)
===============================================================================
8/5/948, Monday (-364,141)
2/4/948, Sunday (-364,177) Easter Sunday.
1/1/948, Saturday
(-364,269)
===============================================================================
Tuesday (-364,364)
8/5/947, Saturday (-364,507)
11/4/947, Sunday (-364,534) Easter Sunday.
1/1/947, Friday
(-364,634)
==============================================================================
16/8/946, Sunday (-364,772) King Eadred of England was crowned.
28/7/946, Tuesday (-364,791)
26/5/946, Tuesday (-364,854) King Edmund I of England was murdered by
a fugitive whom he was trying to apprehend.�
He was succeeded by his brother, Eadred.
8/5/946, Friday (-364,872)
22/3/946, Sunday (-364,919) Easter Sunday.
1/1/946, Thursday (-364,999)
==============================================================================
25/12/945, Thursday (-365,006)
23/10/945, Thursday (-365,069)
19/9/945, Friday (-364,103) Cabiz, Islamic theologian, was executed
for maintaining that Christ was superior to Muhammad.
8/5/945, Thursday (-365,237)
6/4/945, Sunday (-365,269) Easter Sunday.
1/1/945, Wednesday
(-365,364)
=============================================================================
25/12/944, Wednesday
(-365,371)
16/12/944, Monday
(-365,380) Byzantine Emperor Romanus I was deposed by his sons.
8/5/944, Wednesday (-365,602)
14/4/944, Sunday (-365,626) Easter Sunday
1/1/944, Monday
(-365,730)
==============================================================================
8/5/943, Monday (-365,968)
26/3/943, Sunday (-366,011) Easter Sunday.
1/1/943, Sunday
(-366,095)
==============================================================================
8/5/942, Sunday (-366,333)
10/4/962, Sunday (-363,361) Easter Sunday.
Tuesday (-366,366)
1/1/942, Saturday
(-366,460)
==============================================================================
8/5/941, Saturday (-366,698)
18/4/941, Sunday (-366,718) Easter Sunday.
1/1/941, Friday
(-366,825)
==============================================================================
8/5/940, Friday (-367,063)
29/3/940, Sunday (-367,104) Easter Sunday.
1/1/940, Wednesday
(-367,191)
=============================================================================
25/12/939, Wednesday (-367,198)
29/11/939, Friday (-367,224) King Edmund I of England was crowned.
27/10/939, Sunday (-367,257) King Athelstan of Mercia died. He was
succeeded by his brother Edmund I. Son of Edward the Elder, grandson of Alfred
the Great, he was elected King of Wessex and Mercia on his father�s death in
924. He invaded Northumbria, thereby
becoming the first King of all England in 937.
Tuesday (-367,367)
8/5/939, Wednesday (-367,429)
14/4/939, Sunday (-367,453) Easter Sunday
1/1/939, Tuesday
(-367,556) week 52,508
============================================================================
8/5/938, Tuesday (-367,794)
22/4/938, Sunday (-367,810) Easter Sunday.
1/1/938, Monday
(-367,921)
==============================================================================
8/5/937, Monday (-368,159)
2/4/937, Sunday (-368,195)
Easter Sunday.
1/1/937, Sunday
(-368,286)
==============================================================================
Tuesday (-368,368)
10/7/936, Sunday (-368,461)
2/7/936, Saturday (-368,469) Henry the Fowler, King of Germany, died
aged 60 after a 17-year reign. He was succeeded by his 23-year-old son, who was
crowned Holy Roman Emperor in 962 and ruled as Otto I until 973.
8/5/936, Sunday (-368,524)
1/1/936, Friday
(-368,652)
=============================================================================
16/4/936, Sunday (-368,545) Easter Sunday.
8/5/935, Friday (-368,890)
29/3/935, Sunday (-368,930) Easter Sunday.
1/1/935, Thursday
(-369,017)
=============================================================================
8/5/934, Thursday (-369,255)
6/4/934, Sunday (-369,287) Easter Sunday.
Tuesday (-369,369)
1/1/934, Wednesday
(-369,382)
=============================================================================
8/5/933, Wednesday (-369,620)
14/4/933, Sunday (-369,644) Easter Sunday
1/1/933, Tuesday
(-369,747) week 52,821
===============================================================================
8/5/932, Tuesday (-369,985)
8/4/932, Sunday (-370,015)
1/4/932, Sunday (-370,022) Easter Sunday.
1/1/932, Sunday
(-370,113)
===============================================================================
8/5/931, Sunday (-370,351)
Tuesday (-370,370)
10/4/931, Sunday (-370,379) Easter Sunday.
1/1/931, Saturday
(-370,478)
=============================================================================
8/5/930, Saturday (-370,716)
18/4/930, Sunday (-370,736) Easter Sunday.
1/1/930, Friday
(-370,843)
=============================================================================
25/12/929, Friday (-370,850)
23/10/929, Friday (-370,913)
7/10/929, Wednesday (-370,929) Charles III, The Simple, King of
France, died.
28/9/929, Monday (-370,938) Prince Wenceslas of Bohemia was murdered
by his brother Boleslav I, who then proclaimed his independence from Henry I of
Germany.
4/9/929, Friday (-370,962) Henry I of Germany defeated the Wends, and
converted them to Christianity.
21/8/929, Friday (-370,976)
8/5/929, Friday (-371,081)
5/4/929, Sunday (-371,114) Easter Sunday.
16/1/929, Friday (-371,193) Abd ar Rahman III, Umayyad Emir of Spain,
declared himself Caliph, independent of Baghdad.
1/1/929, Thursday
(-371,208)
=============================================================================
Tuesday (-371,371)
8/5/928, Thursday (-371,446)
13/4/928, Sunday (-371,471) Easter Sunday
1/1/928, Tuesday
(-371,574) week 53,082
=============================================================================
27/5/927, Sunday (-371,793) Bulgar King Simeon (ruled 893-927) died. He
fixed the Bulgarian capital at Preslav; the Bulgarian Empire now extended from
the Adriatic to the Black Sea.� He was
succeeded by his son Peter, who signed a peace agreement with Byzantium that
restored Byzantine control of Serbia.
8/5/927, Tuesday (-371, 812)
25/3/927, Sunday (-371,856) Easter Sunday.
1/1/927, Monday
(-371,939)
==========================================================================
8/5/926, Monday (-372,177)
2/4/926, Sunday (-372,213)
Easter Sunday.
1/1/926, Sunday
(-372,304)
==========================================================================
25/12/925, Sunday
(-372,311)
23/10/925, Sunday
(-372,374)
4/9/925, Sunday
(-372,423) Coronation of King Aethelstan of England.
8/5/925, Sunday (-372,542)
16/4/925, Sunday (-372,563) Easter Sunday.
1/1/925, Saturday
(-372,669)
============================================================================
17/7/924, Saturday (-372,837) King Edward the Elder of England died and
was succeeded by his son Aethlstan.
10/7/924, Saturday (-372,,844)
8/5/924, Saturday (-372,907)
28/3/924, Sunday� (-372,948) Easter Sunday.
1/1/924, Thursday
(-373,035)
===========================================================================
15/6/923, Sunday (-373,235) Robert I, King of France, was killed in
battle.
8/5/923, Thursday (-373,273)
6/4/923, Sunday (-373,305) Easter Sunday.
Tuesday (-373,373)
1/1/923, Wednesday
(-373,400)
===========================================================================
922,
25/12/922, Wednesday
(-373,407)
23/10/922, Wednesday
(-373,470)
29/9/922, Sunday (-373,494) In France, Charles III (The Simple) was
deposed by rebellious barons and replaced by King Odo who was crowned this day
at Reims.
8/5/922, Wednesday (-373,638)
21/4/922, Sunday (-373,655)
Easter Sunday.
1/1/922, Tuesday (-373,765) week
53,395
===========================================================================
15/9/921, Saturday (-373,873) The Duchess of Bohemia, later St Ludmila,
was assassinated by command of her daughter in law. She and her husband had
built the first Christian church in Bohemia, and she had taught her grandson,
later known as Good King Wenceslas.
8/5/921, Tuesday (-374,003)
8/4/921, Sunday (-374,033)
1/4/921, Sunday (-374,040) Easter Sunday.
1/1/921, Monday
(-374,130)
=============================================================================
25/12/920, Monday (-374,137)
17/12/920, Sunday (-378,145) Romanus I Lecapenus seized power in
Byzantium and became co-Emperor with Constantine VII.
8/5/920, Monday (-374,368)
Tuesday (-374,374)
9/4/920, Sunday (-374,397) Easter Sunday.
1/1/920, Saturday
(-374,496)
=============================================================================
8/5/919, Saturday (-374,734)
25/4/919, Sunday (-374,747) Easter Sunday.
1/1/919, Friday
(-374,861)
============================================================================
25/12/918, Friday (-374,868)
12/11/918, Thursday (-374,911) Death of Aethelflaed, eldest daughter of
Alfred the Great and Queen of Mercia. Mercia was now fully incorporated into
Wessex by King Edward the Elder.
23/10/918, Friday (-374,931)
23/9/918, Tuesday (-374,962) German King Conrad I died after a 7-year
reign.
8/5/918, Friday (-375,099)
5/4/918, Sunday (-375,132) Easter Sunday.
1/1/918, Thursday
(-375,226)
===============================================================================
Tuesday (-375,375)
8/5/917, Thursday (-375,464)
13/4/917, Sunday (-375,489) Easter Sunday
1/1/917, Wednesday
(-375,591)
=============================================================================
8/5/916, Wednesday (-375,829)
24/3/916, Sunday (-375,874) Easter Sunday.
1/1/916, Monday
(-375,957)
============================================================================
8/5/915, Monday (-376,195)
9/4/915, Sunday (-376,224) Easter Sunday.
1/1/915, Sunday
(-376,322)
===========================================================================
Tuesday (-376,376)
8/5/914, Sunday (-376,560)
16/4/914, Sunday (-376,581) Easter Sunday.
1/1/914, Saturday
(-376,687)
===========================================================================
8/5/913, Saturday (-376,925)
28/3/913, Sunday� (-376,966) Easter Sunday.
1/1/913, Friday
(-377,052)
===========================================================================
25/12/912, Friday (-377,059)
23/11/912, Sunday (-377,092) Holy Roman Emperor, Otto the Great, was
born.
15/10/912, Wednesday (-377,131) Abd Allah, Emir of Spain, died. He was
succeeded by Abd ar Rahman III, under whom the Umayyad Dynasty reached the peak
of its power and cultural achievements.
8/5/912, Friday (-377,290)
12/4/912, Sunday (-377,316) Easter Sunday.
Tuesday (-377,377)
1/1/912, Wednesday
(-377,418)
==========================================================================
25/12/911, Wednesday
(-377,425)
8/11/911, Thursday (-377,473) Following the death of King Louis III
(The Child) at age 18, the son of Conrad, Count of Lanhgau, was chosen as
German King, at Forchheim.
8/5/911, Wednesday (-377,656)
21/4/911, Sunday (-377,673)
Easter Sunday.
14/4/911, Sunday (-377,680) Pope Sergius III died.
21/1/911, Monday (-377,763) Louis III The Child, last German ruler of
the Carolingian line, died.
1/1/911, Tuesday (-377,783) week 53,969
============================================================================
25/12/910, Tuesday (-377,790)
23/10/910, Tuesday (-377,853)
21/8/910, Tuesday (-377.916)
5/8/910, Sunday (-377,932) Edward the Elder of Wessex defeated the
Danes of Northumbria at Tetenhall, Staffordshire. Halfdan, King of York, was
killed.
8/5/910, Tuesday (-378,021)
8/4/910, Sunday (-378,051)
1/4/910, Sunday (-378,058) Easter Sunday.
1/1/910, Monday
(-378,148)
===========================================================================
25/12/909, Monday
(-378,155)
7/12/909, Thursday
(-378,173) (Islam) Sa�id Ibn Hussein was proclaimed Ubayd Allah al-Mahdi
(�the divinely guided one�) in Tunis. He established an Ismailite (Shiite)
caliphate in opposition to the caliphate of Baghdad, and founded the Fatimid
Dynasty.
16/5/909, Tuesday
(-378,378)
8/5/909, Monday (-378,386)
16/4/909, Sunday (-378,408) Easter Sunday.
1/1/909, Sunday
(-378,513)
==========================================================================
8/5/908, Sunday (-378,751)
27/3/908, Sunday (-)378,793 Easter Sunday.
1/1/908, Friday
(-378,879)
===========================================================================
10/5/907, Friday (-379,054)
4/7/907. Saturday (-379,060) The Bavarians suffered a disastrous defeat
by the Hungarians.
8/5/907, Friday (-379,117)
5/4/907, Sunday (-379,150) Easter Sunday.
1/1/907, Thursday
(-379,244)
==========================================================================
Tuesday (-379,379)
8/5/906, Thursday (-379,482)
2/5/906, Friday (-379,488) King Boris I of Bulgaria died.
13/4/906, Sunday (-379,507) Easter Sunday
1/1/906, Wednesday
(-379,609)
===========================================================================
8/5/905, Wednesday (-379,847)
8/4/905, Monday (-379,877)
31/3/905, Sunday (--379,885) Easter Sunday.
1/1/905, Tuesday
(-379,974) week 54,282
==========================================================================
29/7/904. Sunday (-380,130) The Arabs sacked Thessalonica, the second
greatest city of the Empire after Byzantium itself, before withdrawing.
10/7/904, Tuesday (-380,149)
8/5/904, Tuesday (-380,212)
8/4/904, Sunday (-380,242) Easter Sunday.
1/1/904, Sunday
(-380,340)
============================================================================
Tuesday (-380,380)
8/5/903, Sunday (-380,578)
16/4/903, Sunday (-380,599) Easter Sunday.
1/1/903, Saturday
(-380,705)
==========================================================================
25/12/902, Saturday (-380,712)
13/12/902, Monday (-380,724) The Anglo-Saxon men of Kent defeated the Vikings
of East Anglia at the Battle of the Holme.
11/10/902, Monday (-380,787)
9/8/902, Monday (-380,850)
1/8/902. Sunday (-380,858) The Arabs captured Taormina, which completed
their conquest of Sicily from Byzantium.
8/5/902, Saturday (-380,943)
28/3/902, Sunday� (-380,984) Easter Sunday.
1/1/902, Friday
(-381,070)
===========================================================================
8/5/901, Friday (-381,308)
12/4/901, Sunday (-381,334) Easter Sunday
Tuesday (-381,381)
1/1/901, Thursday
(-381,435)
==========================================================================
8/6/900, Sunday (-381,642) Coronation of Edward the Elder, King oif
Wessex (born 871 or 872)..
8/5/900, Thursday (-381,673)
20/4/900, Sunday (-381,691)
Easter Sunday.
8/1/900, Tuesday (-381,794)
1/1/900, Tuesday
(-381,801) week 54,543
==========================================================================
25/12/899, Tuesday (-381,808)
26/10/899. Friday (-381,868) Death
of King Alfred the Great, succeeded by Edward the Elder. Born in ca.848,
he was sent at the age of 5 to be confirmed by Pope Leo IV. At this time Alfred
had three elder brothers and so was by no means guaranteed to be the future
King of Wessex. Alfred�s two eldest brothers, Aethelbald and Aethelbert, had
short reigns. The third brother, Aethelred, became king in 866. In 868 Aethelred
and Alfred made an unsuccessful attempt to throw the Danes out of Mercia. In
870 numerous battles were fought by Aethelred against the Danes; a Danish
defeat at Englefield, Berkshire, on 31/112/870 was followed by a Danish victory
at Reading on 4/1/871. The Danes lost again at the Battle of Ashdown, near
Compton Beauchamp, Shrivenham, on 8/1/871, but defeated the English on 22/1/871
at Basing, and repeated the Danish victory at Marton, Wiltshire, on 22/3/871.
Aethelred, Alfred�s older brother, died in April 871, and while Alfred was busy
with the funeral the Danes won another victory, and defeated his army once more
at Wilton in May 871.
From then until 876 the Danes were occupied fighting
elsewhere in England but in 876 they returned to Wessex to occupy Wareham and
in 877 managed to take Exeter. Here the Danes were blockaded by Alfred, and a
Danish relief fleet was scattered by storms. Hence the Danes submitted and
withdrew to Mercia. In early January 878 the Danes suddenly attacked King
Alfred�s Christmas celebrations at Chippenham; most were killed but Alfred and
a few men escaped to the fort at Athelney, from where he made preparations for
attacks on the Danes. By May 878 Alfred was ready and he moved out of Athelney,
joined by armed soldiers from Somerset, Wiltshire, and Hampshire. The Danes
also moved out of their camp at Chippenham and the two armies met at Edington
in Wiltshire. The result was a decisive victory for Alfred; the Danes
surrendered, and Guthrum, the Danish King, and 29 of his chief men, submitted
to baptism as Christians. By the Peace
of Wedmore, 878, the Danes were cleared from all of Wessex and from
Mercia west of Watling Street. There were no more Danish attacks on England
until 884 or 885 when a Danish landing in Kent was successfully repelled; this
nevertheless encouraged an uprising by East Anglian Danes. Alfred then managed
to capture London from the Danes.. After a further period of peace, the Danes
on the continent found their position becoming more precarious and in 892 or
893, attempted to colonise, with their women and children, areas of Kent and
the Thames estuary.
8/5/899, Tuesday (-382,039)
8/4/899, Sunday (-382,069)
1/4/899, Sunday (-382,076) Easter Sunday.
1/1/899, Monday
(-382,166)
==============================================================================
898,
Tuesday (-382,382)
8/5/898, Monday (-382,404)
16/4/898, Sunday (-382,426) Easter Sunday.
1/1/898, Sunday (-382,531) Odo, King of France, died and was succeeded
by Charles II The Simple.
============================================================================
8/5/897, Sunday (-382,769)
27/3/897, Sunday (-382,811) Easter Sunday.
1/1/897, Saturday (-382,896)
===========================================================================
8/5/896, Saturday (-383,134)
4/4/896, Sunday (-383,168) Easter Sunday
1/1/1896, Thursday
(-383,262)
========================================================================
25/12/895, Thursday
(-383,269)
23/10/895, Thursday
(-383,332)
Tuesday (-383,383)
24/8/895, Sunday
(-383,392) Death of Gothfrith, ruler of Jorvik from 883.
21/8/895, Thursday
(-383,395)
8/5/895, Thursday (-383,500)
20/4/895, Sunday (-383,518)
Easter Sunday.
1/1/895, Wednesday
(-383,627)
=======================================================================
8/5/894, Wednesday (-383,865)
8/4/894, Monday (-383,895)
31/3/894, Sunday (-383,903) Easter Sunday.
1/1/894, Tuesday
(383,992) week 54,856
========================================================================
8/5/893, Tuesday (-384,230)
8/4/893, Sunday (-384,260) Easter Sunday.
28/1/893, Sunday (-384,330) Charles III The Simple was crowned King of
France, after a revolt against Odo�s rule.
1/1/893, Monday
(-384,357)
========================================================================
25/12/892, Monday
(-384,364)
Tuesday (-384,384)
15/10/892, Sunday
(-384,435) (Iraq) Caliph al-Mutamid died and was succeeded by his son
al-Mutadid, who restored the capital to Baghdad.
8/5/892, Monday (-384,595)
23/4/892, Sunday (-384,610) Easter Sunday.
1/1/892, Saturday
(-384,723)
========================================================================
14/9/891, Tuesday (-384,832)
Pope Stephen V died.
1/9/891, Wednesday (-384,845) (France-Germany) The Vikings were
defeated at Louvain (now, Belgium), and later again at Brabant.
8/5/891, Saturday (-384,961)
4/4/891, Sunday (-384,995) Easter Sunday.
1/1/891, Friday
(-385,088)
=========================================================================
8/5/890, Friday (-385,326)
12/4/890, Sunday (-385,352) Easter Sunday
Tuesday (-385,385)
1/1/890, Thursday
(-385,453)
==========================================================================
8/5/889, Thursday (-385,691)
23/3/889, Sunday (-385,737) Easter Sunday.
1/1/889, Wednesday
(385,818)
============================================================================
24/6/888, Monday (-386,009) Odo defeated the Vikings at Montfaucon,
France.
8/5/888, Wednesday (-386,056)
7/4/888, Sunday (-386,087) Easter Sunday.
13/1/888,� Saturday (-386,172) With
the death of Charles the Fat, the Frankish kingdom was split again, and this
time permanently. Odo, Count of Paris became King of the Western Franks.
1/1/888, Monday
(-386,184)
===============================================================================
18/9/887, Monday
(-388,289) Pietro, Doge of Venice, was killed in an expedition against the
Dalmatian pirates
11/9/887, Monday
(-388,296)
10/7/887, Monday
(-388,359)
Tuesday (-386,386)
8/5/887, Monday (-386,422)
16/4/887, Sunday (-386,444) Easter Sunday.
1/1/887, Sunday
(-386,549)
===============================================================================
25/12/886, Sunday (-386,556)
23/10/886, Sunday (-386,619)
29/8/886, Monday (-386,674) Byzantine Emperor Basil I died after a
19-year reign. He was succeeded by a son of the late Emperor Michael (by
Basil�s widow, Eudocia); he reigned until 912 as Leo VI (The Wise).
21/8/886, Sunday (-386,682)
8/5/886, Sunday (-386,787)
27/3/886, Sunday (-386,829) Easter Sunday.
1/1/886, Saturday
(-386,914)
=================================================================================
25/12/885, Saturday (-386,921)
26/11/885, Friday (-386,950) (France) Paris was attacked by the Vikings but
they failed to take the city, despite a long siege lasting until October 886.
In the end they were bought off by Charles the Fat, with 700 pounds of silver.
They were sent off to ravage Burgundy, then in revolt against Frankish rule.
8/5/885, Saturday (-387,152)
11/4/885, Sunday (-387,179) Easter Sunday
6/4/885, Tuesday (-387,184) (Christian) Methodius of Moravia died; he
had promoted the use of Slavonic, rather than Latin, in the Liturgy. Pope
Stephen V banned this use of Slavonic and after Methodius� death his followers
were expelled from Moravia by Svatopulk.
1/1/885, Friday
(-387,279)
=================================================================================
25/12/884, Friday (-387,286)
12/12/884, Saturday (-387,299) King Carloman of France died whilst out
hunting and was succeeded as King of the West Franks by Holy Roman Emperor
Charles III (The Fat), son of the late Louis the German. The French nobility
had invited Charles III to be his successor; this reunited Charlemagne�s
Empire.
Tuesday (-387,387)
8/5/884, Friday (-387,517)
19/4/884, Sunday (-387,536) Easter Sunday.
1/1/884, Wednesday
(-387,645)
==================================================================================
8/5/883, Wednesday (-387,883)
8/4/883, Monday (-387,913)
31/3/883, Sunday (-387,921) Easter Sunday.
1/1/883, Tuesday
(-388,010)
==================================================================================
25/12/882, Tuesday (-388,017)
15/12/882, Saturday (-388,027) Pope John VIII was murdered. Marinus I
succeeded him.
5/8/882, Sunday (-388,159) Louis III, King of France, died, aged 19.
His brother Carloman succeeded him.
10/7/882, Tuesday (-388,185)
8/5/882, Tuesday (-388,248)
8/4/882, Sunday (-388,278) Easter Sunday.
1/1/882, Monday
(-388,375)
==================================================================================
Tuesday (-388,388)
8/5/881, Monday (-388,613)
23/4/881, Sunday (-388,628) Easter Sunday.
12/2/881, Sunday (-388,698) (France-Germany) Pope John VIII crowned
Charles III The Fat as Emperor.
1/1/881, Sunday
(-388,740)
=================================================================================
8/5/880, Sunday (-388,978)
3/4/880, Sunday (-389,013) Easter Sunday
1/1/880, Friday
(-389,106)
=================================================================================
8/5/879, Friday (-389,344)
12/4/879, Sunday (-389,370) Easter Sunday
10/4/879, Friday (-389,372) King Louis II (The Stammerer) of France
died at Compeigne, aged 32, after a reign of 18 months. He was succeeded
jointly by his sons, Louis III and Carloman, and divided the kingdom between
them a few months later.
Tuesday (-389,389)
1/1/879, Thursday
(-389,471)
=================================================================================
8/5/878, Thursday (-389,709)
23/3/878, Sunday (-389,755) Easter Sunday.
1/1/878, Wednesday
(-389,836)
=================================================================================
1/12/877, Sunday (-389,867)
1/11/877, Friday (-389,897)
23/10/877, Wednesday (-389,906) (Christian) St Ignatius of
Constantinople, Byzantine prelate who had opposed Imperial interference in
Church affairs, died.
5/10/877, Saturday (-389,924) King Charles the Bald of France died.
14/6/877, Friday (-390,037) Charles II the Bald consolidated the
feudal hereditary system of fiefdoms. The King granted land, held in heredity,
in return for military service.
7/5/877, Tuesday (-390,075) Charles II The Bald raised a tax to bribe
the Vikings to leave the Seine region.
7/4/877, Sunday (-390,105) Easter Sunday.
1/4/877, Monday (-390,111)
1/3/877, Friday (-390,142)
1/2/877, Friday (-390,170)
1/1/877, Tuesday
(-390,201) week 55,743
===============================================================================
25/12/876, Tuesday (-390,208)
23/10/876, Tuesday (-390,271)
28/8/876, Thursday (-390,332) Louis II the German died. His lands were
divided amongst his sons. Carloman received Bavaria and the Eastern March, and
Louis the Younger ruled Saxony and Franconia. Charles the Fat became King of
Alemannia, as Charles III.
Tuesday (-390,390)
8/5/876, Tuesday (-390,439)
15/4/876, Sunday (-390,462) Easter Sunday.
1/1/876, Sunday
(-390,567)
=============================================================================
25/12/875, Sunday (-390,574) (France-Germany) Pope John VIII crowned
Charles the Bald as Emperor of the West.
12/8/875, Friday (-390,709) Holy Roman Emperor Louis II died in
Brescia, aged 50.
10/7/875, Sunday (-390,742)
8/5/875, Sunday (-390,805)
27/3/875, Sunday (-390,847) Easter Sunday.
1/1/875, Saturday
(390,932)
==============================================================================
8/5/874, Saturday (-391,170)
11/4/874, Sunday (-391,197) Easter Sunday.
1/1/874, Friday
(-391,297)
===============================================================================
8/5/873, Friday (-391,535)
19/4/873, Sunday (-391,554) Easter Sunday.
1/1/873, Thursday
(-391,662)
=============================================================================
8/5/872, Thursday (-391,900)
30/3/872, Sunday (-391,939) Easter Sunday.
1/1/872, Tuesday
(-392,028)
============================================================================
8/5/871, Tuesday (-392,266)
23/4/871, Monday (-392,281) King Ethelred of Wessex died in battle
against the Danes; he was succeeded by King Alfred.
15/4/871, Sunday (-392,289)
Easter Sunday.
25/3/871, Sunday (-392,310)
22/3/871, Thursday (-392,313)
Battle of Marton (Wiltshire), between the Danes and Wessex.
22/2/871, Thursday (-392,341)
2/2/871, Friday (-392,361) Louis II (the German) evicted the Arabs
from Bari, southern Italy.
22/1/871, Monday (-392,372)
Battle of Basing, between the Danes and Wessex. King Ethelred of Wessex was
defeated.
8/1/871, Monday (-392,386) Battle
of Ashdown, between the Danes and Wessex. King Ethelred of Wessex defeated
the Danes.
4/1/871, Thursday (-392,390) Battle of Reading, between the Danes and
Wessex. King Ethelred of Wessex was defeated.
Tuesday (-392,392)
1/1/871, Monday
(-392,393)
==================================================================================
31/12/870, Sunday (-392,394) Battle of Englefield (Berkshire), between
the Danes and Wessex. King Ethelred of Wessex defeated the Danes.
20/11/870, Monday (-392,435) The Danes murdered Edmund, King of East
Anglia, when he refused to become their subject. He was succeeded by Oswald,
last English King of East Anglia. The Danes moved south west and camped at
Reading, ready to invade Wessex.
8/8/870, Tuesday (-392,539)
The Treaty of Mersen was signed.� Charles
the Bald and his half-brother Louis the German divided the Kingdom of their
nephew Lothair II (died 869) between them.
10/7/870, Monday (-392,568)
8/5/870, Monday (-392,631)
26/3/870, Sunday (-392,674) Easter Sunday.
1/1/870, Sunday
(-392,758)
==================================================================================
30/10/869, Monday (-392,820) The radical German theologian Gottschalk
of Orbais died.
9/10/869, Monday (-392,841)
9/9/869, Friday (-392,872) Charles II (The Bald) was crowned King of
Lothairingia, after the death of his nephew Lothair.
8/8/869, Monday (-392,904) Lothair II, King of Lotharingia, died.
28/7/869, Thursday (-392,915)
26/5/869, Thursday (-392,978) An earthquake and tsunami devastated a
large part of the Sanriku� coast near
Sendai, Japan.
8/5/869, Sunday (-392,996)
3/4/869, Sunday (-393,031)
14/2/869, Sunday (-393,080) St Cyril died. He had conducted Christian
missionary work in the Balkans and other areas of eastern Europe.
1/1/869, Saturday
(-393,123)
================================================================================
11/5/868. Tuesday (-393,358) The world�s first printed book, the Diamond Sutra, was published in
China. It was found in 1900.
8/5/868, Saturday (-393,361)
18/4/868, Sunday (-393,381) Easter Sunday.
Tuesday (-393,393)
1/1/868, Thursday
(-393,489)
===============================================================================
25/12/867, Thursday
(-393,496)
13/11/867, Thursday (-393,538) Pope Nicholas I died.
13/10/867, Monday (-393,569)
24/9/867, Wednesday (-393,588) Byzantine Emperor Michael III was
murdered. His successor Basil I founded the Macedonian Dynasty.
8/5/867, Thursday (-393,727)
30/3/867, Sunday (-393,766) Easter Sunday.
21/3/867, Friday (-393,775) Death of King Aelle II, last independent
King of Northumbria, in battle against the Vikings (acceded 862). He was
replaced by Egbert, a puppet ruler installed by the Vikings, who ruled until
872. Egbert was deposed in 872 by a revolt against Viking rule.
1/1/867, Wednesday
(-393,854)
===============================================================================
8/5/866, Wednesday (-394,092)
23/4/866, Tuesday (-394,107) The Logothete (senior government
official) Bardas was� murdered by
Byzantine Emperor Michael III.
7/4/866, Sunday (-394,123) Easter Sunday.
1/1/866, Tuesday
(-394,219) week 56,317
================================================================================
Tuesday (-394,394)
8/5/865, Tuesday (-394,457)
22/4/865, Sunday (-394,473) Easter Sunday.
3/2/865, Saturday (-394,551) (Christian Missionary) St Anskar, the
Bishop of Hamburg who had led Christian missions to Denmark and Sweden, died.
1/1/865, Monday
(-394,584)
===============================================================================
23/7/864, Sunday (-394,746) Edict of Pistres: Charles the Bald ordered
defensive measures against the Vikings.
10/7/864, Monday (-394,759)
8/5/864, Monday (-394,822)
2/4/864, Sunday (-394,858) Easter Sunday.
1/1/864, Saturday
(-394,950)
==============================================================================
8/5/863, Saturday (-395,188)
11/4/863, Sunday (-395,215) Easter Sunday.
1/1/863, Friday
(-395,315)
=============================================================================
Tuesday (-395,395)
8/5/862, Friday (-395,553)
19/4/862, Sunday (-395,572) Easter Sunday.
1/1/862, Thursday
(-395,680)
=============================================================================
11/12/861, Thursday (-395,701) Abbasid Caliph al-Mutawakkil was
assassinated, starting The Anarchy at Samarra.
8/5/861, Thursday (-395,918)
6/4/861, Sunday (-395,950) Easter Sunday.
1/1/861, Wednesday
(-396,045)
=============================================================================
25/12/860, Wednesday (-396,052)
20/12/860, Friday (-396,657) Death of King Athelbald of Wessex (acceded
855). He was succeeded by King Athelbert of Kent.
8/5/860, Wednesday (-396,283)
14/4/860, Sunday (-396,307) Easter Sunday
Tuesday (-396,396)
1/1/860, Monday
(-396,411)
===========================================================================
3/6/859. Saturday (-396,623) Edgar,
King of All England, was crowned on Whit Sunday by Dunstan, Archbishop
of Canterbury, in the Saxon Abbey on the site of the present Bath Abbey.
8/5/859, Monday (-396,649)
26/3/859, Sunday (-396,692) Easter Sunday.
1/1/859, Sunday
(-396,776)
================================================================================
13/6/858, Monday (-396,978) Ethelwulf, King of Wessex, died and was
succeeded by his son Ethelbald, who had been his co-ruler for three years and
who married his stepmother Judith.
8/5/858, Sunday (-397,014)
7/4/858, Thursday (-397,045\) Pope Benedict III died.
3/4/858, Sunday (-397,049)
Easter Sunday.
1/1/858, Saturday
(-397,141)
=================================================================================
8/5/857, Saturday (-397,379)
Tuesday (-397,397)
18/4/857, Sunday (-397,399) Easter Sunday.
1/1/857, Friday
(-397,506)
================================================================================
25/12/856, Friday (-397,513) The Vikings attacked and burnt Paris.
22/12/856, Tuesday (-397,516) Earthquake in Danghan, Iran, killed
200,000.
20/10/856, Tuesday (-397,579)
1/10/856, Thursday (-397,597) Aethelwulf, King of Wessex, married
Judith, 12 year old daughter of Charles the Bald.
8/5/856, Friday (-397,744)
29/3/856, Sunday (-392,785)) Easter Sunday.
1/1/856, Wednesday
(-397,872)
============================================================================
25/12/855, Wednesday (-397,879)
23/10/855, Wednesday (-397,942)
29/9/855, Sunday (-397,966) Holy Roman Emperor Lothair abdicated in Prum
aged 60. He divided his kingdom between his three sons. 33-year-old Louis II
received Italy, which he had already governed since 844, and now ruled until
875. His brother Lothair received Austrasia, which he renamed Lotharingia,
later, Lorraine A third son received Provence and southern Burgundy.
8/5/855, Wednesday (-398,110)
7/4/855, Sunday (-398,141) Easter Sunday.
1/1/855, Tuesday
(-398,237)
==============================================================================
Tuesday (-398,398)
8/5/854, Tuesday (-398,475)
22/4/854, Sunday (-398,491) Easter Sunday.
1/1/854, Monday
(-398,602)
==============================================================================
8/5/853, Monday (-398,840)
2/4/853, Sunday (-398,876) Easter Sunday.
1/1/853, Sunday
(-398,967)
============================================================================
8/5/852, Sunday (-399,205)
10/4/852, Sunday (-399,233) Easter Sunday.
1/1/852, Friday
(-398,333)
=============================================================================
Tuesday (-399,399)
22/8/851, Saturday (-399,465) (France) Battle
of Jengland. Duke Nominoe of Brittany died in 851, and the Frankish Emperor
Charles the Bald took the opportunity to march in with 4,000 armoured Frankish
infantry and 1,000 lightly-armed Saxon foot soldiers. He could have taken
cavalry but chose not to. The new Duke of Brittany, Erispoe, ambushed the
invading force at Jengland as they advanced up the old Roman road from Nantes,
using Breton horsemen who threw javelins at the foot soldiers. They then
withdrew, but any Franks who pursued them were then cut down in disarray. The
Franks retreated on the second day of battle, demoralised by the clandestine
departure of their leader earlier. A few weeks later at the Peace of Angers,
Charles the Bald recognised Erispoe as King of Brittany, with greatly expanded
borders. This
is considered as the birth of the Breton state.
10/7/851, Friday (-399,508)
8/5/851, Friday (-399,571)
8/4/851, Wednesday (-399,601)
22/3/851, Sunday (-399,618) ) Easter Sunday
1/1/851, Thursday
(-399,698))
===============================================================================
8/5/850, Thursday (-399,936)
6/4/850, Sunday (-399,968) Easter Sunday.
5/3/850, Wednesday (-400,000)
1/1/850, Wednesday
(-400,063)
================================================================================
8/5/849, Wednesday (-400,301)
14/4/849, Sunday (-400,325) Easter Sunday
Tuesday (-400,400)
1/1/849, Tuesday
(-400,428) week 57,204
================================================================================
8/5/848, Tuesday (-400,666)
4/4/848,� Wednesday (-400,700)
25/3/848, Sunday (-400,710) Easter Sunday.
1/1/848, Sunday
(-400,794)
==============================================================================
8/5/847, Sunday (-401,032)
10/4/847, Sunday (-401,060) Easter Sunday.
1/1/847, Saturday
(-401,159)
==============================================================================
25/12/846, Saturday (-401,166)
1/11/846, Monday (-401,220) Louis II, King of France, was born.
8/5/846, Saturday (-401,397)
Tuesday (-401,401)
18/4/846, Sunday (-401,417) Easter Sunday.
1/1/846, Friday
(-401,524)
==============================================================================
8/5/845, Friday (-401,762)
29/3/845, Sunday (-402,802) ) Easter Sunday.
28/3/845, �Saturday (-402,803) Siege
of Paris ended when Paris was sacked by a Viking raiding fleet, probably under
Ragnar Lodbrok, who collected a huge ransom in exchange for leaving. The
Vikings also sacked Hamburg and Melun.
1/1/845, Thursday
(-401,889)
==============================================================================
8/5/844, Thursday (-402,127)
13/4/844, Sunday (-402,152) Easter Sunday
1/1/844, Tuesday
(-402,255) week 57,465
==============================================================================
10/8/843, Friday (-402,399) The Treaty of Verdun divided the Holy
Roman Empire into three equal shares� The
imperial crown and central portion from Frisia to Italy went to Lothair.� Louis the German received Germany, and
Charles the Bald, son of Pepin, received France.
Tuesday (-402,402)
10/7/843, Tuesday
(-402,430)
8/5/843, Tuesday (-402,493)
22/4/843, Sunday (-402,509) Easter Sunday.
11/3/843, Sunday (-402,551) Icon veneration was officially restarted at
the cathedral� of Hagia Sofia,
Constantinople.
1/1/843, Monday
(-402,620)
================================================================================
8/5/842, Monday (-402,858)
2/4/842, Sunday (-402,894) Easter Sunday.
1/1/842, Sunday
(-402,985)
===============================================================================
25/6/841, Saturday (-403,175) The Battle of Fontenoy (Carolingian Civil War).
8/5/841, Sunday (-403,223)
16/4/841, Sunday (-403,244) Easter Sunday.
1/1/841, Saturday
(-403,350)
==============================================================================
Tuesday (-403,403)
8/5/840, Saturday (-403,588)
5/5/840, Wednesday (-403,591) One of the sons of Charlemagne, Emperor
Louis of Bavaria, died of fright during a solar eclipse.� His other sons quarrelled, causing the
division of his empire into France, Germany, and Italy, see 10/8/843.
28/3/840, Sunday� (-403,629) Easter Sunday.
1/1/840, Thursday
(-403,716)
=============================================================================
8/5/839, Thursday (-403,954)