Chronography of events from 1 January 1700 to 31 December 1769
Page last modified 17 January
/2023
(-9,999) = Day count to end of World
War Two in Europe (day zero� =Tuesday). Easter Sundays derived from https://www.staff.science.uu.nl/~gent0113/easter/easter_text2b.htm
For dates from 1 January 1770 click here
19
January 1770. Friday (-64,026) The Battle of Golden Hill. A group on New Yorkers called the Sons of
Liberty engage British troops in pitched battle over British demands for
compliance with the Quartering Act.
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28
December 1769, Thursday (-64,048)
Auguste Keratry, French writer, was born (died 7 November 1859).
26 December 1769, Tuesday (-64,050)
Ernst Moritz Arndt, German poet, was born in Schoritz, Rugen (died 29 January 1860
in Bonn).
25 December 1769, Monday (-64,051) August
Matthiae, German scholarly writer, was born (died 6 January 1835).
21
December 1769, Thursday (-84,055)
John Crome, English landscape painter, was born (died 22 April 1821).
13 December 1769, Wednesday (-64,063) James Abinger, English judge, was born
(died 1844).
11 December 1769, Monday (-64,065)
In London, venetian blinds were patented by Edward Beran.
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27
November 1770, Monday (-64,079)
Horatio Nelson joined the Royal Navy as a 12-year-old moidshipman on the HMS Raisonnable.
19
November 1770, Sunday (-64,087) Adam
Krusenstern, Russian geographiucal writer, was born (died 24 August 1846).
6
November 1769, Monday` (-64,100) The
Birmingham Canal (authorised 1768) was completed, from Wednesbury to
Birmingham. This caused the price of coal in Wednesbury to drop from 13
shillings a ton to 7 shillings a ton.
4
November 1769, Saturday (-64,102)
Charles Chenedolle, French poet, was born (died 2 December 1833).
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7 October 1769, Saturday (-64,130) Captain Cook reached New Zealand.
6 October 1769, Friday (-64,131) Jacob Schweppe, a German born
Swiss chemist, perfected the process for making artificial mineral water.
2
October 1769, Monday (-64,135) (Britain) Frederick
William Hervey, Fifth Earl of Bristol, was born (died 15 February 1859).
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25
September 1769, Monday (-64,142) The first recorded cremation
in Britain. The body of Honoretta Pratt was burnt in her open grave at� St Georges Burial Ground, London.
22
September 1769, Friday (-64,145) Antonio
Genovesi, Italian economics writer, died (born 1 November 1712).
14
September 1769, Thursday (-64,153) Birth of Baron von Humboldt,
German scientist who explored Central and South America, and founded the
science of ecology.
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29
August 1769, Tuesday (-64,169)
Edmund Hoyle, author, died (born 1672)
23
August 1769, Wednesday (-64,175)
Georges Cuvier, French naturalist, was born (died 13 May 1832).
15
August 1769. Tuesday (-64,183) Napoleon, Emperor of France 1804-15, was born in Ajaccio, Corsica;
he died on 5 May 1821. He was the son of a lawyer.� See 18 June 1815. Had he been born the
previous year he would not have been French, but Genoese, see 15 May 1768.
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28
July 1769, Friday (-64,201) Sir
Hudson Lowe, English General, was born.
9
July 1769, Sunday (-64,220) Louis
Bourrienne, French politician, was born in Sens (died in Caen 7 February 1834).
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18
June 1769, Sunday (-64,241) Viscount Castlereagh, British
Foreign Secretary who played a key role in the reconstruction of Europe after
the fall of Napoleon, at the Congress of Vienna, was born.
5
June 1769, Monday (-64,254) (Geology) Edward Clarke, English mineralogist,
was born (died 9 March 1822).
1
June 1769, Thursday (-64,258) Edward
Holyoke, President of Harvard University, died.
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26
May 1769. Friday (-64,264) John Kay, Sir
Richard Arkwright�s assistant,
patented the Flying Shuttle to operate on Arkwright�s spinning frame. Arkwright was born at Preston,
Lancashire, on 23 December 1732, the youngest of 13 children to a poor family.
He became a barber in Bolton in around 1750. In 1767 he gave up this business
to build a spinning frame. This was an improvement on Hargreave�s Spinning
Jenny since it could spin threads of any degree of hardness or fineness, unlike
the spinning jenny which could not spin any but fine thread. Now 20 or 30 threads could be spun with no
more labour than was previously required to spin one thread.
21
May 1769, Sunday (-64,269) John
Frere, English author, was born (died 7 January 1846).
19
May 1769, Friday (-64,271) (1) The Virginia assembly was dissolved by the
British after it protested about the transfer of treason trials to London.
(2) Pope Clement XIV (249th Pope), formerly Cardinal
Lorenzo Ganganelli, acceded, died 1774.
16
May 1769, Tuesday (-64,274)
Virginia�s House of Representatives rejected the British right to tax the US
colonies. Virginia agreed, along with Massachusetts, not to import any taxable
goods from Britain.
13
May 1769, Saturday (-64,277) John
VI, King of Portugal, was born (died 26 March 1826).
6
May 1769, Saturday (-64,284)
Ferdinand III, Archduke of Austria, was born (died 6/1824).
4
May 1769, Thursday (-64,286)
Sir Thomas Lawrence, English painter, was born (died 7 January 1830).
2 May 1769, Tuesday (-64,288) (India)
Sir John Malcolm, British diplomat to India, was born (died 30 May 1833).
1 May 1769, Monday (-64,289) The
British Privy Council decided to retain the duty on tea imported into the
American colonies.
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29
April 1769, Saturday (-64,291) The Duke of Wellington was born in Dublin, as Arthur Wellesley.
25
April 1769, Tuesday (-64,295) Sir Marc Isambard Brunel, British engineer, was born in Hacqueville near Rouen,
France.
20
April 1769, Thursday (-64,300) Pontiac, indigenous American
leader, died.
14 April 1769, Friday (-64,306)
Barthelemy Joubert, French General, was born (died 15 August 1799).
13 April 1769, Thursday (-64,307)
Charles Decaen, French soldier, was born (died 1832).
11
April 1769, Tuesday (-64,309)
Jean Lannes, Marshal of France, was born (died 31 May 1809).
5 April 1769, Wednesday (-64,315) Sir Thomas Hardy, British Vice-Admiral,
was born (died 20 September 1839).
3 April 1769, Monday (-64,317) Christian Bernstorff, Prussian statesman,
was born in Copenhagen (died 18 March 1835).
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29
March 1769, Wednesday (-64,322) Friedrich
Accum, pioneer on combatting food adulkteration, was born in Buckeburg,
Hanover, Germany, to Jewish parents. He moved to Britain in 1793 and worked at
a pharmacy in Arlington Street, London. By 1800 he had his own chemical
analytical and laboratory equipment business.
26
March 1769, Sunday (-64,325) Easter
Sunday.
14
March 1769, Tuesday (-64,337)
Joszef Karman, Hungarian aithor, was born.
7
March 1769, Tuesday (-64,344)
Richmal Mangnall, English educationalist writer, was born (died 1 May 1820).
2 March 1769, Thursday (-64,349) De
Witt Clinton, US politician, was born (died 11 February 1828).
1 March 1769, Wednesday (-64,350)
Francois Marceau-Desgraviers, French General, was born (died 21 September 1796).
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2
February 1769, Thursday (-64,477) Pope
Clement XIII (248th Pope) died.
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12 January 1769, Thursday (-64,398) Christian Eberhard, German writer, was
born (died 13.5.1845).
10 January 1769, Tuesday (-64,400)
Michel Ney, French Army marshal, the most famous of Napoleon�s marshals, was
born in Saarlouis, son of a cooper.
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20
December 1768, Tuesday (-64,421) Carlo
Frugoni, Italian poet, died (born 21 November 1692).
10
December 1768, Saturday (-64,431) The Royal Academy of Arts,
London, was founded.� Joshua Reynolds was
the first President.
6
December 1768, Tuesday (-64,435) The
first volume of the Encyclopedia Britannica was published in Edinburgh,
Scotland.
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18
November 1768, Friday (-64,453) Jose
Marchena, Spanish writer, was born.
5 November 1768, Saturday (-64,466) William Johnson, the Northern
Indian Commissioner, signed a treaty with the Iriquois Indians to acquire much
of the land between the Tennessee and Ohio rivers for future settlement.
4 November 1768, Friday (-64,467)
Maria Francesco Appendini, Italian historian, was born (died 1837).
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28
October 1768, Friday (-64,474)
Johann Falk, German author, was born (died 14 February 1826).
14
October 1768, Friday (-64,488) The
Treaty of Hard Labour confirmed te cession f Cherokee lands in Virginia and
Carolina to the British Crown. Meanwhile the Treaty of Fort Stanwix confirmed
the cession of Iriquois lands between the Ohio and Tennessee Rivers.
8
October 1768, Saturday (-64,494) Pierre
Fournier, French engraver, died (born 15 September 1712).
2 October 1768, Sunday (-64,500) William
Beresford, British General, was born (died in Kent 8 January 1854).
1 October 1768, Saturday (-64,501) Lord Hillsborough, British Secretary of State for the Colonies, sent two
regiments to Boston to quell unrest caused by the Stamp Acts.
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22
September 1768, Thursday (-64,510) In
America, delegates from the towns of Massachusetts met to compile a list of
grievances against the British Crown. Britain responded by sending two infantry
regiments there.
12
September 1768, Monday (-64,520) Joseph
Delisle, French astronomer, died (born 4 April 1688).
4
September 1768, Sunday (-64,528) Francois
Chateaubriand, French author, was born (died 4 July 1848).
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29
August 1768, Monday (-64,534) John
Fawcett, English playwright, was born (died 1837).
25 August 1768, Thursday (-64,538)
Captain Cook set sail from England on
board The Endeavour on his first
voyage to explore the Antipodes. His 368-ton ship was 98 feet long by 29
feet wide. His mission was first to visit Tahiti to observe a transit of Venus
on 3 June 1769, then to discover the theoretical �southern continent� which was
supposed to exist by the Classical Greeks �to counterbalance the northern
continents�. Such a continent would
provide useful colonial opportunities for Britain at a time when its North
American colonies were becoming restive. After Tahiti, Cook sailed south
and south west down to latitude 40 degrees south; finding no land he turned
west and discovered New Zealand, whose coast he charted in six months. This
exercise proved New Zealand was not the peninsula of the �southern continent�.
By now it was March 1769 and the southern summer was ending; to return
eastwards meant encountering bad weather in the Pacific. Cook therefore sailed
west and encountered the east coast of Australia. Although the Dutch had
visited Australia in the 17th century this part of the continent was
devoid of European settlement; Cook therefore claimed the entire east coast of
Australia for Britain as New South Wales. Cook then sailed along the northern
coast of Australia, confirming it was a separate land from New Guinea, and
returned to England in 1771.
23 August 1768,� Tuesday (-64,540) Sir
Astley Cooper, English surgeon, was born (died 12 February 1841).
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24
July 1768, Sunday (-64,570)
Nathaniel Lardner, English theological writer, died.
14
July 1768, Thursday (-64,580)
James Haldane, Scottish religious writer, was born (died 8 February 1851).
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24
June 1768, Friday (-64,600)
Lazare Hoche, French General, was born (died 19 September 1797)
9 June 1768, Thursday (-64,615)
British customs officials seized John Hancock�s ship Liberty in Boston harbour for alleged import taxes violation. The
ship was recovered by Bostonians in a riot, then seized again by the British.
8 June 1768, Wednesday (-64,616)
Andrew Millar, British publisher, died.
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17 May 1768, Tuesday (-64,638) (Britain)
Henry Anglesey, British Field-Marshal, was born (died 29 April 1854).
15 May 1768, Sunday (-64,640) By the Treaty of Versailles, France purchased
the island of Corsica from Genoa.�
Some Corsicans wanted total independence, but see 15 September 1770.
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29
April 1768, Friday (-64,656)
Georg Brandt, chemist, died.
21 April 1768, Thursday (-64,664) Alexius
Bestuzhev-Ryumin, Grand Chancellor of Russia, died (born in Moscow 1 June 1693).
20 April 1768, Wednesday (-64,665) The painter Canaletto died in Venice. Born there
in 1697, Canaletto painted many scenes of Venice before moving to England in
1746 to paint the country houses there.
3
April 1768, Sunday (-64,682) Easter
Sunday.
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21
March 1768, Monday (-64,695) Jean
Fourier, French mathematician, was born (died 16 May 1830).
1
March 1768, Tuesday (-64,715)
John Erskine, Scottish legal writer, died (born 1695).
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14 February 1768, Sunday (-64,731) Ivan
Kriloff, Riussian writer, was born (died 21/22/1844).
13 February 1768, Saturday (-64,732)
Edoaurd Mortier, Marshal of France, was born (died 28 July 1835).
12 February 1768, Friday (-64,733) Francis II, last Holy Roman
Emperor, was born.
11 February 1768, Thursday (-64,734)
The Massachusetts Assembly denounced the Townshend Duties and urged other
colonial legislatures to similarly resist.
7
February 1768, Sunday (-64,738)
2 February 1768, Tuesday (-67,743) Charles
Camus, French mathematician, died (born 25 August 1699).
1 February 1768, Monday (-67,744) Jacques
Lauriston, French soldier, was born (died 12 June 1828).
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31
January 1768, Sunday (-64,745)
29 January 1768, Friday (-64,747) John
Martyn, English botanist, died (born 12 September 1699).
28 January 1768, Thursday (-64,748) (Christian) Jean Cheverus, Roman Catholic
missionary to North America, was born (died 10 July 1836).
9
January 1768, Saturday (-64,767) (London)
Soldier and equestrian Philip Astley staged the first modern circus in London.
7
January 1768, Thursday (-64,769) Joseph Bonaparte, eldest
brother of Napoleon and King of Naples and Spain, was born on Corsica.
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22
December 1767, Tuesday (-64,785) (France)
Jacques Bridaine, French preacher, died (born 21 March 1701).
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22
November 1767, Sunday (-64,815) Andreas
Hofer, Austrian patriot, was born (died 20 February 1810).
17
November 1767, Tuesday (-64,820)
Leopoldo Cicognara, Italian writer, was born (died 5 March 1834).
2
November 1767, Monday (-64,835)
Edward Augustus, 4th son of King George IV and Field Marshal in the
British Army, was born (died 23 January 1820).
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28
October 1767, Wednesday (-64,840) Boston led a revival of the boycott of British goods. See 16
December 1773.
25 October 1767, Sunday (-64,843) Henri
Constant, French writer, was born (died 8 December 1830).
24 October 1767, Saturday (-64,844)
Jacques Lafitte French poliiician, was born (died 26 May 1844).
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20
September 1767, Sunday (-64,878)
Melchiorre Gioja, Italian writer, was born (died 2 January 1829).
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11
August 1767, Tuesday (-64,918)
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13
July 1767, Monday (-64,947)
Friedrich Krummacher, German religious writer, was born (died 14 April 1845).
11
July 1767, Saturday (-64,949) John Quincy Adams, 6th
American President, was born at Braintree, Massachusetts, son of John Adams, 2nd
President.
5
July 1767, Sunday (-64,955) Michael
Bruce, Scottish poet, died (born 27 March 1746).
2 July 1767, Thursday (-64,958)
Britain adopted the Townshend Acts, taxing all glass, lead, paper paints and
tea imported into the American colonies. A Board of Customs Compliance was
established in Boston Masachusetts, a city gaining a reputation for
rebelliousness.
1 July 1767, Wednesday (-64,959)
Maria Edgeworth, Irish novelist, was born (died 22 May 1849).
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25
June 1767, Thursday (-64,965)
Death of German baroque composer Richard Telemann
22
June 1767, Monday (-64,968) Karl
Humoldt, German scholarly writer, was born (died 8 April 1835).
19
June 1767, Friday (-64,971)
Joseph Michaud, French historical writer, was born (died 30 September 1839)
9
June 1767, Tuesday (-64,981) (USA)
The Britis Parliament passed the Townsend Acts, causing protest in Boston
Massachusetts. Tea, glass, paint, oil, lead and paper now had duties imposed on
them. Bostonians agreed amongst themselves not to import these goods.
===================================================================================
13 May 1767, Wednesday (-65,008)
Mozart�s first opera, Apollo et Hyacinthius, written when he was just 11 years
old, premiered in Salzburg.
12 May 1767, Tuesday (-65,009)
Alvarez Godoy, Spanish statesman, was born (died 4 October 1851).
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19
April 1767, �Sunday (-65,032)
Easter Sunday.
11
April 1767, Saturday (-65,040) Jean
Isabey, French painter, was born (died 1855).
7 April 1767, Tuesday (-65,044)
August Carpzov, scholarly writer, died (born 1679).
6 April 1767, Monday (-65,045)
Alexandre Duval, French dramatist, was born (died 1 September 1842).
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25
March 1767, Wednesday (-65,057) Joachim Murat, king of
Naples, was born.
15
March 1767, Sunday (-65,067) Andrew Jackson, American
Democrat and 7th President from 1828 to retirement in 1837, was born
in the Waxhaws district of South Carolina, son of Irish immigrants.
7
March 1767, Saturday (-65,075) Jan
Frederik Helmers, Dutch poet, was born (died 26 February 1813).
1
March 1767, Sunday (-65,081) The
Jesuits were expelled by King Charles III from Spain, also the Spanish
possessions of Parma, and the Two Sicilies. They had established a university
on Malta, but this, and the rest of their property, was now confiscated.
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27
February 1767, Friday (-65,083)
Jacques Dupont, French statesman, was born (died 1855).
1
February 1767, Sunday (-65,109) Claude
Goujet, French religious writer, died (born 19 October 1697).
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22
January 1767, Thursday (-65,119)
Johann Lehmann, German geological writer, died.
12
January 1767, Monday (-65,129)
Pierre Daru, French statesman, was born (died 5 September 1829).
5
January 1767, Monday (-65,136) Anne
Girodet, French painter, was born (died 9 December 1824).
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29
December 1766, Monday (-65,143) Charles Macintosh, inventor of waterproof
fabrics, was born in Glasgow.
25
December 1766, Thursday (-65,147) (Britain) Christmas Evans, Welsh non-conformist
preacher, born (died 19 July 1838)
12
December 1766, Friday (-65,160) Johann
Gottsched, German author, died (born 2 February 1700).
5 December 1766, Friday (-65,167) Christies
auctioneers held their first sale.
3 December 1766, Wednesday (-65,169) Robert Bloomfield, English poet, was
born in Honington, Suffolk (died in Shefford, Bedfordshire, 19 August 1823).
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29
November 1766, Saturday (-65,173)
Francois Maine de Biran, French philosophical writer, was born.
20
November 1766, Thursday (-65,182)
John Callcott, English musician (died 15 May 1821) was born.
2
November 1766, Sunday (-65,200) Joseph Radetsky, Austrian
Field Marshal, was born in Trebnitz, near Tabor.
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28
October 1766, Tuesday (-65,205)
Jose Conde, Spanish writer on the Orient, was born (died 12 June 1820).
23
October 1766, Thursday (-65,210)
Emmanuel Grouchy, Marshal of France, was born (died 29 May 1847).
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29 September 1765, Monday (-65,234)
Joseph le Bon, French politician, was born (executed 10 October 1795).
28 September 1766, Sunday (-65,235) George
Cromarty, 3rd Earl, Jacobite, died.
23 September 1766, Tuesday (-65,240) John Brown, British author, died (born 5
November 1715).
21 September 1766, Sunday (-65,242) Christian Ideler, scientific writer, was born
(died 10 August 1846).
13
September 1766, Saturday (-65,250) Benjamin
Heath, English scholarly writer, died (born 20 April 1704).
6
September 1766, Saturday (-65,257) John Dalton, English chemist
was born in Eaglesfield, near Cockermouth, Cumbria, the son of a Quaker weaver.
3
September 1766, Sunday (-65,263) Jean
Lacretelle, historical writer, was born (died 26 March 1855).
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26
July 1766, Saturday (-65,299) Construction
work on the Trent and Mersey canal began near Burslem.
20
July 1766, Sunday (-65,305) Thomas
Bruce, 7th Earl of Elgin, was born (died 14 November 1841).
10 July 1766, Thursday (-65,315)
Mathieu Montmorency, French politician, was born (died 24 March 1826).
9 July 1766, Wednesday (-65,316) Jonathan
Mayhew, US religious writer, died (born 8 October 1720).
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23
June 1766, Monday (-65,332)
Johann Ersch, German writer, was born (died 16 January 1828).
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30
May 1766, Friday (-65,356) The oldest theatre still in
use in Britain, the �Royal;� in Bristol, was opened.
9 May 1766, Friday (-65,377)
Thomas Lally, French General, was beheaded.
8 May 1766, Thursday (-65,378)
Samuel Chandler, English religious writer, died (born 1693).
5
May 1766, Monday (-65,381) Jean
Astruc, French writer, died in Paris (born 19 March 1684 in Sauve, Languedoc).
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30 April 1766, Wednesday (-65,386) (Germany)
Johann Ancillon, Prussian statesman and historian, was born in Berlin (died 19
April 1837).
29 April 1766, Tuesday (-65,387)
Nicholas Bexley, English politician, was born in London (died in Foots Cray,
Kent, 8 February 1851).
23
April 1766, Wednesday (-65,393)
Gyorgy Fejer, Hungarian author, was born (died 2 July 1851).
16
April 1766, Wednesday (-65,400)
Sir John Leslie, Scottish scientific writer, was born (died 3 November 1832).
13
April 1766, Sunday (-65,403) Jean
Goujon, French politician, was born (died 17 June 1795).
7
April 1766, Monday (-65,409) Tiberius
Hemsterhuis, Dutch scholarly writer, died (born 9 January 1685).
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30
March 1766, Sunday (-65,417) Easter
Sunday.
18
March 1766, Tuesday (-65,429) (USA)
The British Parliament passed a Declaratory Act, stating that the Crown had
authority to make laws enforceable in all British colonies.
9 March 1766, Sunday (-65,438) William
Cobbett, English writer, was born (died 16 June 1835).
8 March 1766, Saturday (-65,439) Earthquake
in Hirosaki, Japan, 1,300 killed.
4
March 1766. Tuesday (-65,443) Parliament repealed the Stamp Act which caused bitter disputes in the
colonies, especially North America.. See 24 March 1765.
======================================================================================
26
February 1766, Wednesday (-65,449) Catherine
II The Great of Russia granted freedom of worship there.
23
February 1766, Sunday (-65,452) Stanislas
I Leszczynski , former King of Poland, died.
17
February 1766, Monday (-65,458) The economist Thomas Malthus
was born.
5
February 1766, Wednesday (-65,470) (Austria) Leopold Daun, Austrian Field Marshal,
died (born 24 September 1705).
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30
January 1766, Thursday (-65,476)
Susannah Cibber, actress, died (born 1714).
25
January 1766, Saturday (-65,481) Hans
Gagern, German political writer, was born (died 22 October 1852).
14
January 1766, Tuesday (-65,492)
Christian VII (1749-1808) became King of Denmark.
9
January 1766, Thursday (-65,497) Thomas
Birch, Writer, was born in Clerkenwell, London (died 9 January 1766).
1
January 1766, Wednesday (-65,505) James Stuart, the Old
Pretender, and father of Bonnie Prince Charlie, died in Rome.
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12
December 1765, Thursday (-65,525) (Hungary) Prince Miklos Esterhazy was born (died
24 November 1833).
8
December 1765, Sunday (-65,529) Eli Whitney, American
inventor of the cotton gin, which made cotton-growing much more profitable, was
born in Westborough, Massachusetts.
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20
November 1765, Wednesday (-65,547)
Frederick Himmel, German composer, was born (died 8 June 1814)
17
November 1765, Sunday (-65,550) Jacques
MacDonald, Marshal of France, was born (died 7 September 1840).
14
November 1765, Thursday (-65,553) Robert Fulton, US engineer
who invented the first commercially successful steamboat, was born to Irish
parents in Pennsylvania.
9
November 1765, Saturday (-65,558) Martin
Navarette, Spanish historical writer, was born (died 8 October 1844).
1 November 1765, Friday (-65,566)
Rioters in New York protested against Stamp Duty, burning effigies of �Liberty�
and attacking the homes of British officials.
=================================================================================
31 October 1765, Thursday (-65,567) William
Cumberland, British soldier, died (born 15 April 1721).
24
October 1765, Thursday (-65,574)
Sir James MacKintosh, Scottish writer, was born (died 30 May 1832).
10
October 1765, Thursday (-65,569) Lionel
Cranfield Sackville, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, died (born 18 January 1688).
8 October 1765, Tuesday (-65,590) (Ireland)
Harman Blennerhasset, Irish lawyer, was born in County Kerry (died in Guernsey
2 February 1831).
7 October 1765, Monday (-65,591)
Representatives of 9 of the 13 American colonies met to draw up a Declaration
of Rights and Grievances in protest at the Stamp Duty.
1
October 1765, Tuesday (-65,597)
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27
September 1765, Friday (-65,601)
Diego Clemencin, Spanish scholarly writer, was born (died 30 July 1834).
18
September 1765, Wednesday (-65,610) Pope Gregory XVI was born.
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26
August 1765. Monday (-65,633) A major riot broke out in Boston, USA against the Stamp Act.
Rioters attacked the house of Thomas Hutchinson, the lieutenant �governor, and
burned the house, including the library. Thus many irreplaceable sources of
Massachusetts history were lost.
21 August 1765, Wednesday (-65,638)
King William IV, known as the �Sailor King� because he joined the Royal Navy at
13, was born in Buckingham Palace.� He
was the third son of King George III and Queen Charlotte.
19 August 1765, Monday (-65,640) (Geology)
Mineralogist Axel Fredrik Cronstedt died in Stockholm, Sweden.
18 August 1765, Sunday (-65,641) (Germany)
Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor, died. He was succeeded by Josef II (1741-90).
16
August 1766, Friday (-65,643)
Carolina Nairne, Scottish songwriter, was born (died 26 October 1845).
13 August 1765, Tuesday (-65,646) (Italy)
Archduke Leopold, son of Holy Roman Emperor Francis I and Maria Theresa, began
his 25-year reign over the Grand Duchy of Tuscany.
12 August 1765. Monday (-65,647) Robert Clive received revenue
authority over Bengal from the Mogul emperor. The disintegration of the Mogul Empire created opportunities for the
British, French, and Indian princes. See 12 August 1756.
===================================================================================
29
July 1765, Monday (-65,661) Jean
d�Erlon, Marchal of France, was born (died 15 January 1884).
16
July 1765, Tuesday (-65,614) In
Britain, George Grenville resigned as Prime Minister, and was replaced by the
Marquess of Rockingham.
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15
June 1765, Saturday (-65,705) Henry
Colebrooke, English writer on the Orient, was born (died18 March 1837).
1
June 1765, Saturday (-65,719) Johann
Hug, German religious writer, was born (died 11 March 1846).
====================================================================================
30
May 1765, Thursday (-65,721)
The Virginia Assembly rejected British taxation and demanded that the only
taxes due were set by people they elected themselves.
18 May 1765, Saturday 9-65,733) Major
fire in Quebec. A quarter of the city was destroyed.
17 May 1765, Friday (-65,734) Alexis Clairault, French mathematician,
died (born 5/1713).
15 May 1765, Wednesday
(-65,736) James Watt invented the condenser, effectively trebling the energy
output of the existing Newcomen steam pumps. The earlier Newcomen engine
pumped steam into a cylinder, forcing back a piston; the cylinder was then
sprayed with cool water, condensing the steam and creating a vacuum that pulled
the piston back. Alternately heating and cooling the cylinder was inefficient.
Watt�s idea was to attach a separate chamber off the main cylinder into which
the steam could be allowed to enter, and cooled there by water, again creating
the vacuum that pulled the piston back again. The main cylinder could be kept
hot, saving considerable energy. The
energy content of Britain�s coal reserves was effectively trebled.
11
May 1765, Saturday (-65,740) Janos
Bacsanyo, Hungarian poet, was born in Tapolcza (died 12 May 1845 in Linz).
7
May 1765. Tuesday (-65,744) HMS Victory was launched. She
is now in dry dock in Portsmouth. Nelson was on board when killed by a musket
shot.
=================================================================================
26
April 1765, Friday (-65,755) Emma, Lady Hamilton, mistress
of Lord Nelson, was born in Ness, Cheshire.
22 April 1765, Monday (-65,759)
James Grahame, Scottish poet, was born (died 14 September 1811).
21 April 1765, Sunday (-65,760) David
Mallet, Scotish poet, died.
7
April 1765, Sunday (-65,774) Easter
Sunday.
=================================================================================
27
March 1765, Wednesday (-65,785) (Germany)
Franz Baader, German philosopher, was born in Munich (died 23 May 1841).
24
March 1765, Sunday (-65,788) Britain passed the Quartering Act (see 2 June 1774) requiring the
colonies to provide food and shelter for British soldiers and their horses. In
1765 the passage of the Stamp Act, to raise revenue for British troops in North
America (fighting the French), caused widespread riots and protests in British
colonies and the boycott of British luxury goods was stepped up. The British Treasury had a major deficit
following the wars in North America with the Indians and the French. The
Stamp Act raised revenue by
requiring stamps to be fixed to items like newspapers, pamphlets, legal
documents such as deeds and licences, and to other items such as playing cards.
See 4 March 1766 and 5 March 1770. William Pitt was amongst those in Parliament opposing the Stamp Act, warning that trade with the colonies would suffer.
20
March 1765, Wednesday (-65,792)
Karl Daub, German religious writer, was born (died 22 November 1836).
7 March 1765, Thursday (-65,805) Joseph Niepce, French doctor
who produced the first photograph from nature using a camera obscura, pewter
plates, and an 8 hour exposure, was born.
6 March 1765, Wednesday (-65,806)
Samuel Drew, English religious writer, was born (died 29 March 1833).
=====================================================================================
11
February 1765, Monday (-65,829) English wig-makers petitioned
George III for financial relief as the male fashion of wearing wigs came to an
end.
=====================================================================================
11
January 1765, Friday (-65,860)
Antoine Barbier, French writer, was born in Coulommiers (died in Paris 5
December 1825).
=====================================================================================
14 December 1764, Friday (-65,888)
Nicasio Cienfuegos, Spanish poet, was born (died 1809).
13 December 1764, Thursday (-65,889)
Michel Lecointe-Puyraveau, French politician, was born (died 15 January 1827).
====================================================================================
26
November 1764, Monday (-65,906) The Jesuits were suppressed
in France.
23
November 1764, Friday (-65,909)
Gustav Hugo, German jurist, was born (died 15 September 1844).
11
November 1764, Sunday (-65,921) Barbara
Krudener, Rusian author, was born (died 25 December 1824).
4
November 1764, Sunday (-65,928) Charles
Churchill, English poet, died (born 2/1731).
===================================================================================
27
October 1764, Saturday (-65,936) Painter and engraver William Hogarth died in London, aged 67.� He was buried in Chiswick churchyard. He also
pushed for legislation to protect the intellectual property of artists, the
so-called �Hogarth Act� of 1753.
23
October 1764, Tuesday (-65,940) The British won the Battle of Buxar, Bengal. Major Munro
defeated a confederation of Indian pirates, giving the East India Company
control of Bengal and Bihar.
6
October 1764, Saturday (-65,957)
Christian Jacobs, German scholarly writer, was born (died 30 March 1847).
==================================================================================
26 September 1764, Wednesday (-65,967) Benito Feijoo, Spanish monk and writer, died
(born 8 October 1676).
24 September 1764, Monday (-65,969) Joseph
Dessaix, French General, was born (died 26 October 1834).
23 September 1764, Sunday (-65,970) Robert
Dodsley, English bookseller and writer, died (born 1703).
14
September 1764, Friday (-65,979)
Ludwig Huber, German author, was born (died 24 December 1804).
12
September 1764, Wednesday (-65,981)
Victor Jouy, Frenchy dramatist, was born (died 4 September 1846).
2
September 1764, Sunday (-65,991) Georg
Hartig, German agricultural writer, was born (died 2 February 1837).
=====================================================================================
23 August 1764, Thursday (-66,001) Henry
Legge, English statesman, died (born 29 May 1708).
==================================================================================
9
July 1764, Monday (-66,046)
Louis Baltard, French architect, was born in Paris (died in Paris 13 January 1874).
5
July 1764, Thursday (-66,050) Ivan II, Tsar of Russia, was
murdered.
====================================================================================
19
June 1764, Tuesday (-60,066) (Britain)
Sir John Barrow, British politician was born near Ulverstone, Lancashire (died
23 November 1848).
7
June 1764, Thursday (-60,078)
Karl Lang, German historical writer, was born (died 26 March 1835).
==================================================================================
30
May 1764, Wednesday (-66,086) The Theatre Royal, Bristol,
was founded.
26 May 1764, Saturday (-66,090) Edward
:Livingston, US jurist, was born (died 23 May 1836)
25 May 1764, Friday (-66,091) John
Good, English scholarly writer, was born (died 2 January 1827).
13
May 1764, Sunday (-66,103) Laurent
Gouvion, Marshal of France, was born (died 17 March 1830).
5 May 1764, Saturday (-66,111) Robert Crauford, British Major-General, was
born (died 19 January 1812).
3 May 1764, Thursday (-66,113) The British won the Battle of
Patna, Bengal.
2 May 1764, Wednesday (-66,114)
Robert Hall, English religious writer, was born (died 21 February 1831).
===================================================================================
28
April 1764, Saturday (-66,118)
25 April 1764, Wednesday (-66,121) The lawyer James Otis denounced �taxation without representation� and called on the colonies to
unite against Britain�s new tax measures. In August 1764 Boston merchants began
to boycott luxury goods from Britain. See 5 April 1764 and 24 March 1765.
24 April 1764, Tuesday (-66,122)
Thomas Emmet, Irish politician, was born (died 14 November 1827).
22 April 1764, Sunday (-66,124) Easter Sunday.
20 April 1764, Friday (-66,126) Rudolph Ackerman, German inventor, was born
(died 30 March 1834).
15
April 1764, Sunday (-66,131) Madame de Pompadour, French courtier and mistress of Louis XV, died in Versailles.
5 April 1764, Thursday (-66,141)
Parliament in London passed a Sugar
Act, specifically aimed at extracting revenue from the colonies. On 19
April 1764 London also passed the Currency
Act, forbidding the colonies from printing paper money. See 25 April 1764.
3 April 1764, Tuesday (-66,143) John Abernethy, British surgeon, was born
in London (died 20 April 1831 in Enfield).
====================================================================================
13
March 1764, Tuesday (-66,164)
Charles Grey, English statesman, was born (died 17 July 1845).
6
March 1764, Tuesday (-66,171) Philip
Hardiwicke, English Lord Chancellor, died (born 1/21/1690).
====================================================================================
29 February 1764, Wednesday (-66,177) (Electricity) Paul Erman, electrical
scientist, was born (died 11 October 1851).
28 February 1764, Tuesday (-66,178)
Robert Haldane, Scottish religious writer, was born (died 12 December 1842).
23
February 1764, Thursday (-66,183)
William Eaton, US soldier, was born (died 1 June 1811).
15
February 1764, Wednesday (-66,191) The city of St Louis,
Missouri, was founded as a trading post between Europeans and Amerindians.
11
February 1764, Saturday (-66,195)
Marie-Joseph Chenier, French poet, was born (died 10 January 1811).
=====================================================================================
15
January 1764, Sunday (-66,222)
===================================================================================
14
December 1763, Wednesday (-66,254)
The Paxton Massacre. Amerindians in Pennsylvania were slaughtered by Europeans
from the town of Paxton. They then marched on Pennsylvania to massacre more
Amerindians, but were deterred by US troops.
==================================================================================
25
November 1763, Friday (-66,673) The
intervention of the Russian Army ensured that Poniatowski, not the Saxony
candiudate, was crowned King of Poland this day, see 5 October 1763. Russia was
now able to reinforce the rights of Russian Orthodox Christians in Poland,
threatening the Catholic hegemony there. The Ottoman Empire was alarmed by the
expansion of Russian influence into Poland. Austria was also concerned, see 5
August 1772.
23
November 1763, Wednesday (-66,675)
French author Antoine Francois Provost died.
19
November 1763, Saturday (-66,679) Karl
Fernow, German art writer, was born (died 4 December 1808).
10
November 1763, Thursday (-66,688) (India) Joseph Dupleix, French colonial
governor of India, died (born 1 January 1697).
===================================================================================
28
October 1763, Friday (-66,301) (Germany) Heinrich Bruhl, German politician, died
(born 13 August 1700).
15
October 1763, Saturday (-66,314) Lord
Edward Fitzgerald, campaigner for Irish independence, was born (died 4 June 1798).
5
October 1763, Wednesday (-66,324) Death
of King Augustus III of Poland, also Grand Duke of Lithuania. Born 17 October 1696,
he acceded to the throne in 1734.This created a vacancy for the Polish throne,
and there were two contenders. Catherine the Great of Russia wanted her ally
Poniatowski; however the House of Saxony wanted their candidate as Polish King.
See 25 November 1763.
===================================================================================
26
September 1763, Monday (-66,333) John
Byrom, English poet, died (born 29 February 1692).
=================================================================================
20
August 1763, Saturday (-66,370) The
ruins of Pompeii were identified as such.
12
August 1763, Friday (-66,378) Olof
von Dalin, Swedish poet, died (born 29 August 1708).
8
August 1763, Monday (-66,382)
Charles Bulfinch, US architect, was born (died 15 April 1844).
6
August 1763, Saturday (-66,384) Indigenous
American attacks on British forts and outposts had destroyed many (see 31 July 1763)
but Forts Niagara, Pitt and Detroit had not fallen. This day a British relief
force under Colonel Henry Boquet (1719-65) reached Fort Pitt and defeated the
indigenous Americans attacking it. From Spring 1764 the Briitsh gradually
overcame all indigenous American unrest, although Pontiac himself did not sue
for peace until 1766, whenh he signed a peace treaty and was pardoned by the
British.
==================================================================================
31
July 1763, Sunday (-66,390) Battle
of Bloody Run. Pontiac, Chief of the Ottowa�
indigenous Americans, was emragred at British appropriation of the
fertile plains of the Ohio River (given to them under the 1763 Treaty of Paris)
and in 5/1763 led a surprise attack on Fort Detroit, but failed to capture it.
However a British attack on Pontiac�s army was heavily defeated this day, see 6
August 1763.
17
July 1763, Sunday (-66,404) (USA)
John Jacob Astor, US fur merchant and philanthropist, was born in Walldorf,
Germany (died 29 March 1848 in New York City).
11
July 1763, Monday (-66,410)
Peter Forskal, Swedish writer, died.
====================================================================================
26
June 1763, Sunday (-66,425) George
Morland, English painter, was born (died 29 October 1804).
24 June 1763, Friday (-66,427)
Etienne Mehul, French composer, was born (died 18 October 1817).
23 June 1763, Thursday (-66,428) Empress Josephine, wife of
Napoleon, was born on the French island of Martinique as Marie Rose Tascher de
la Pagerie. Her marriage to Napoleon was dissolved when she failed to produce
an heir.
====================================================================================
28
May 1763, Saturday (-66,454)
Nathaniel Gow, Scottish violinist, was born in Inver, near Dunkeld (died� 19 January 1831 in Edinburgh)
21
May 1763, Saturday (-66,461) Joseph
Fouche, French statesman, was born (died 25 December 1820).
12 May 1763, Thursday (-66,470) (Medical)
John Bell, Scottish surgeon, was born in Edinburgh (died in Rome 15 April 1820).
11 May 1763, Wednesday (-66,471)
Janos Batsanyi, Hungarian poet, was born
7
May 1763, Saturday (-66,475) Four Amerindian tribes united to lay siege to the British stronghold of
Fort Detroit. However the British had forewarning of the plan by the Delaware,
Chippawa, Shawnee, and Ottawa tribes and had strengthened their fortifications.
The Indians were concerned at the loss of their fur trade to the British, and
wanted a return to the old Indian customs. In November 1763 the Indians lifted
the siege after failing to gain French support.
===================================================================================
7
April 1763, Thursday (-66,505)
Domenico Dragonetti, musician, was born (died 16 April 1846).
3
April 1763, Sunday (-66,509) Easter
Sunday.
===================================================================================
31
March 1763, Thursday (-66,512) Abraham Darby (Junior),
ironmaster, died.
13
March 1763, Sunday (-66,530)
Guillaume Brune, Marshal of France, was born (died 2 August 1815).
9
March 1763, Wednesday (-66,534) William Cobbett, English
political journalist, was born in Farnham, Surrey, the son of a farmer.
===================================================================================
23
February 1763, Wednesday (-66,548) Start of the Berbice Slave
uprising in Guyana. At this time there were 3,833 Black slaves in the Berbice
River area and only 346 White people, many of them women and children. The
rebellion spread and it took the arrival of European gunboats on 13 May 1763 to
quell the revolt. The Europeans suffered from dysentery but the Africans were
disunited.
15 February 1763, Tuesday (-66,556) Austria, seeing
hope for a decisive victory over Prussia recede with peace between Russia and
Prussia, made peace with Prussia at Hubertsberg this day.� Frederick evacuated Saxony but retained Silesia.� Austria had failed to destroy Prussia
before Prussian power was consolidated.
14 February 1763, Monday (-66,557) Jean
Moreau, French General, was born (died 2 September 1813).
12
February 1763, Saturday (-66,559) Pierre
Marivaux, French novelist, died (born 4 February 1688).
10
February 1763. Thursday (-66,561) (Britain,
France-Germany,
East
Europe) The end of the Seven
Years War. France ceded Canada to
Britain at the Treaty of Paris.
See 26 July 1758 and 13 September 1759. The same treaty gave Florida to Britain
in exchange for Britain returning Cuba, which it had invaded on 12 August 1762,
to Spain; Spain also regained Louisiana and the Philippines. Britain gained all
of America east of the Mississippi. Britain also gained Minorca, Cape Breton,
Nova Scotia, Tobago, St Vincent, Grenada, Dominica, and Senegal, as well as
becoming pre-eminent in India; Britain
therefore became the world�s major colonising power. Frederick of Prussia retained
Silesia, which set Prussia on the road to also becoming a major European power.
===================================================================================
26 January 1763, Wednesday (-66,576)
Charles XIV, King of Sweden, was born.
24 January 1763, Monday (-66,578) Jean Bouilly, French writer, was born near
Tours (died in Paris 14 April 1842).
22 January 1763, Saturday (-66,580) John Granville, Emglish statesman, died
(born 22 April 1690).
17
January 1763, Monday (-66,585) John
Jacob Astor, US entrepreneur, was born.
3
January 1763, Monday (-66,599)
(Christian) Joseph Fesch, Cardinal, was born (died 13 May 1839).
=====================================================================================
25
December 1762, Saturday (-66,608)
Barings Bank was founded in London, UK.
22
December 1762, Wednesday (-66,611)
Dudley Ryder, 1st Earl Harrowby, was born (died 26 December 1847).
=====================================================================================
30
November 1762, Tuesday (-66,633) Sir
Samuel Brydges, writer, was born (died 8 September 1837).
20
November 1762, Saturday (-66,643) Pierre
Latreille, French naturalist writer, was born (died 6 February 1833).
16
November 1762, Tuesday (-66,647) John
Boyle, Irish statesman, died (born 2 January 1707).
3 November 1762, Wednesday (-66,660)
Britain concluded a peace with France at Fontainbleau. See 10 February 1763.
1 November 1762, Monday (-66,662)
Spencer Perceval, British Prime Minister from 1809 who was assassinated in the
House of Commons, was born.
===================================================================================
30 October 1762, Saturday (-66,664) Andre
de Chenier, French poet, was born (guillotined 25 July 1794).
29 October 1762, Friday (-66,665) (France-Germany,
East
Europe) The Austrians were defeated at the Battle of Freiburg.� The war
was making Austria bankrupt and Austria was questioning whether the war was
worth it for the recovery of one province.�
Austria and Prussia agreed on an armistice on 24 November 1762 �for the winter of 1762/3.
21
October 1762, Thursday (-66,673)
George Colman, English dramatist, was born (died 17 October 1836).
9
October 1762, Saturday (-66,685) (France-Germany,
East
Europe) The Austrians under Daun were defeated by Prussia at Schweidnitz.
5
October 1762, Tuesday (-66,689) The British captured Manila,
Philippines, from Spain.
====================================================================================
24
September 1762, Friday (-66,700)
William Bowles, English poet, was born in Northamptonshire (died in Salisbury 7
April 1850).
20
September 1762, Monday (-66,704)
Pierre Fontaine, French architect, was born (died 10 October 1853).
17
September 1762, Friday (-66,707)
Francesco Germianni, composer, died.
13 September 1762, Monday (-66,711)
Antoine Merlin, French Revolutionary, was born (died 14 September 1833).
12 September 1762, Sunday (-66,712) Catherine
II The Great was crowned Empress of Russia.
11 September 1762, Saturday (-66,713) Joanna
Baillie, British poet, was born in Scotland (died 23 February 1851).
=====================================================================================
25
August 1762, Wednesday (-66,730) The city of Almeida was
captured by Spain, from Portugal. Portugal was allied with Britain in a war
against Spain.
21
August 1762, Saturday (-66,734) Lady
Mary Montagu, English letter writer, died.
16
August 1762, Monday (-66,739) (France-Germany,
East
Europe) The Austrians under Daun were defeated by Prussia at
Reichenbach.
13 August 1762, Friday (-66,742) The British captured Havana,
Cuba, from the Spanish.
12 August 1762, Thursday (-66,743) King George IV was born in St James Palace, London.� He was the eldest son of George III. His
lavish lifestyle and cruelty towards his wife, Caroline of Brunswick,
undermined popular support for the monarchy.
==================================================================================
28
July 1762, Wednesday (-66,758)
George Melcombe, English politician, died.
21
July 1762, Wednesday (-66,765) (France-Germany,
East
Europe) The Austrians under Daun were defeated by Prussia at
Burkersdorf.
17
July 1762, Saturday (-66,769) Peter III, Tsar of Russia, was murdered. He
was about to divorce his wife of 17 years, Catherine; she struck first, with
the help of her lover Orlov, by rallying the support of the army and church,
and had herself proclaimed Empress.
14 July 1762, Wednesday (-66,772) Joseph
Lakanal, French politician, was born (died 14 February 1845).
13 July 1762, Tuesday (-66,773)
James Bradley, English astronomer, died (born in Gloucestershire 15 March 1711).
10
July 1762, Saturday (-66,776) (Christian) Alexander Kilham, Methodist
minister, was born in Epworth, Lincolnshire.
===================================================================================
9
June 1762, Wednesday (-66,807)
Luigi Cagnola, Italian architect, was born (died 14 August 1833).
6
June 1762, Sunday (-66,810) (Britain)
George Anson, British Admiral, died (born 23 April 1697 in Shugborough,
Staffordshire).
====================================================================================
22
May 1762, Saturday (-66,825) ) (France-Germany,
East
Europe, Russia)
Peace was formally agreed between Russia and Prussia (Treaty of Hamburg). Russian
forces began to return home.
19
May 1762, Wednesday (-66,828)
Johann Fichte, German philosophical writer, was born (died 27 January 1814).
====================================================================================
29
April 1762, Thursday (-66,848)
Jean Jourdan, Marshall of France, was born (died 23 November 1833).
11 April 1762, Sunday (-66,866) Easter
Sunday.
10 April 1762, Saturday (-66,867) (Science)
Giovanni Aldini, Italian physicist, was born in Bologna (died 17 January 1834
in Milan).
6
April 1762, Tuesday (-66,871) George
Benson, English ecclesiastical writer, died (born in Cumberland 1 September 1699).
===================================================================================
21
March 1762, Sunday (-66,887) Nicolas
Lacaille, French astronomer, died (born 15 March 1713).
17
March 1762, Wednesday (-66,891) The
first St Patrick�s Day Parade took place in New York.
5
March 1762, Friday (-66,903)
================================================================================
20
February 1762, Saturday (-66,916) Johann
Mayer, German astronomer, died.
9
February 1762, Tuesday (-66,927)
Andre Miot de Melito, French statesman, was born (died 5 January 1841).
3
February 1762, Wednesday (-66,933) English dandy and gambler
Richard �Beau� Nash died.
===================================================================================
5
January 1762, Tuesday (-66,962) (Germany, Russia) Elizabeth I of Russia died; her successor Tsar Peter III made peace with
Prussia.� This was fortunate for
Frederick of Prussia because after the end of the Pitt Ministry in England, the
English were moving towards making peace with France and therefore no longer
giving financial support to Prussia.� See
15 February 1763 and 5 October 1761.
2
January 1762, Saturday (-66,965) (Britain,
Spain)
Britain declared war on Spain, three months after William Pitt resigned (see 5
October 1761).
==================================================================================
23
December 1761, Wednesday (-66,975)
Alestair Macdonnell, spy on the Scottish Jacobites, died.
16
December 1761, Wednesday (-66,982) (France-Germany,
East
Europe) The Russians under Pyotr Aleksandrovitch Rumyantsev captured
the Prussian port and fort of Kolberg. It had been a bad year for Frederick of
Prussia, with French forces making progress eastwards in south western Germany,
and the Austrians under Laudon capturing Schweidnitz on 1 October 1761,
ensuring they could over-winter in Silesia. Frederick had failed to prevent the
Russian Army, 50,000 strong, joining up with the 72,000-strong Austrian Army on
23 August 1761. Frederick�s biggest concern was that since the change of
monarch and the resignation of Pitt in Britain, he could no longer rely on
British support. Without a major change of fortune, Prussia faced certain
defeat in 1762.
7
December 1761, Monday (-66,991)
Marie Tussaud, wax sculptor, was born.
4
December 1761, Friday (-66,994) Jean
Laya., French dramatist, was born
==================================================================================
30
November 1761, Monday (-66,998) (Light) John Dollond, English optician, died (born
10 June 1706).
21 November 1761, Saturday (-67,007) (Chemistry)
English chemical manufacturer Joshua Ward died.
20 November 1761, Friday (-67,008) (Papal
succession) Pope Pius VIII was born.
16
November 1761, Monday (-67,012) Jean
Montgaillard, French political agent, was born (died 8 February 1841).
13
November 1761, Friday (-67,015) Sir
John Moore, British General, was born (died 16 January 1809).
===================================================================================
22
October 1761, Thursday (-67,037) (France)
Antoine Barnave, orator of the French Revolution, was born in Grenoble
(executed at The Tuileries 29 November 1793).
5
October 1761, Monday (-67,054) (Britain)
In Britain, Pitt resigned, because Britain would not declare war on Spain;
France was trying to bring Spain into its war on Prussia and Britain, with
France allied to Austria and Russia. Britain virtually abandoned support for
Prussia.
==================================================================================
23 September 1761, Wednesday (-67,066) (Astronomy)
German astronomer Jean Louis Pons was born in Hamburg.
22 September 1761,
Tuesday (-67,067)
(Britain)
Coronation of King George III, see 26 October 1760.
16
September 1761, Wednesday
(-67,073)
9 September 1761, Wednesday
(-67,080) Pieter Musschenbroek, Dutch scientific writer, died (born 14
March 1692).
8 September 1761,
Tuesday (-67,081) John Ireland, English
cleric, was born (died 2 September 1842).
==================================================================================
17 August 1761,
Monday (-67,103) William Carey, scholarly
writer on the Orient, was born (died 9 June 1834).
3 August 1761,
Monday (-67,117) Johann Gesner, German
scholarly writer, died (born 9 April 1691).
====================================================================================
17 July 1761,
Friday (-67,134)
(Canals)
The Bridgewater Canal, from
Worsley to Manchester, built by James Brindley, was opened.
==================================================================================
18 June 1761,
Thursday (-67,163) Nicolas Baptiste, French
writer, was born in Bordeaux (died in Paris 1 December 1835).
2 June 1761,
Tuesday (-67,179) (Sweden)
Jonas Alstromer, Swedish industrialist, died (born 7 January 1685 in Alingsas,
Vestergotland).
=====================================================================================
27
May 1761, Wednesday
(-87,185) Sir Thomas Munro, British colonial Governor of India, was born
(died 6 July 1827).
3
May 1761, Sunday
(-87,209) August Kotzebue, German dramatist, was born (died 23 March 1819).
===================================================================================
17 April 1761,
Friday (-67,225) Benjamin Hoadly, English
religious writer, died (born 14 November 1676).
9
April 1761, Thursday
(-47,233) William Law, English religious writer, died.
==================================================================================
22 March 1761,
Sunday (-67,251) Easter Sunday
6 March 1761,
Friday (-67,267) (France)
Antoine Francois Andreossy, French soldier and diplomat, was born in
Castelnaudary (died 1828).
28 February 1761,
Saturday (-67,273) (Biology)
Pierre Broussonet, French naturalist, was born (died 17 January 1807).
19 February 1761,
Thursday (-67,282) Antoine Boulay, French
politician, was born in Vosges (died in Paris 4 February 1840)
1 February 1761,
Sunday (-67,300) Pierre Charlevoix, French historical writer, died
(born 29 October 1682).
=====================================================================================
29 January 1761,
Thursday (-67,303) Albert Gallatin, US
statesman, was born (died 12 August 1849).
23 January 1761, Friday
(-67,309) Friedrich von Matthisson, German poet, was born (died 12 January 1831).
22 January 1761,
Thursday (-67,310) (France,
Russia) France communicated to Russia that it
desired peace in the war against Prussia. Austria communicated similarly to
Russia the following day. However Russia rejected this proposal, as its
original purpose in eliminating the threat it saw in Prussia, would then remain
unsatisfied.
17 January 1761,
Saturday (-67,315) Sir James Hall, Scottish geologist, was
born (died 23 June 1832).
15 January 1761, Thursday
(-67,317) In India, the British captured Pondicherry.
14 January 1761,
Wednesday (-67,318)
(India)
At the Battle of Panipat, north of
Delhi, the Afghans under Ahmad Shah Durrani defeated the Marathas Indians.
Although Durrani weakened Mughal power he was unable to fill the resultant
power vacuum, thereby opening the way for British dominance of India.
10 January 1761,
Saturday (-67,322) (Britain)
Edward Boscawen, English Admiral, was born.
4 January 1761,
Sunday (-67,329) Stephen Hales, English writer on science and
nature, died (born 4 January 1761).
=====================================================================================
31 December 1760,
Wednesday (-67,332)
=====================================================================================
23 November 1760,
Sunday (-67,370) (France)
Francois Babeuf, French political agitator, was born in Saint Quentin (died
1790).
3 November 1760,
Monday (-67,390)
(France-Germany,
East
Europe) Frederick of Prussia won the Battle of Torgau against the Austrians but failed to follow up this
success and achieve his objective of capturing Dresden.
======================================================================================
26 October 1760,
Sunday (-67,398) (Britain)
Accession of George III. His
coronation was on 22 September 1761. He was the son of Frederick, Prince of
Wales, and Augusta. George III became one of the longest reigning monarchs in
Britain. He saw the emergence of Britain as a leading European power after the
Seven Year�s War as well as the early stages of the Industrial Revolution. He
had a devoted wife, Charlotte of Mecklenburg, who bore him 15 children. But
George III faced problems at home, fighting with Parliament to recover Royal Prerogative,
and having Revolutionary France for a neighbour. He also had the debilitating
disease porphyria. He died deaf, mad, and blind at Windsor Castle on 29 January
1820, leaving a legacy of social unrest and an outmoded constitution.
25 October 1760, Saturday (-67,399) (Britain,
France-Germany,
East
Europe) George II died suddenly
at 8am, in Kensington, London, aged 76. His successor George III was inclined
to concentrate on British, not Hanoverian, interests, and disliked William
Pitt, Earl of Chatham, who had promoted the Anglo-Prussian Alliance. Without
British help, Prussia could not continue fighting.
22 October 1760, Wednesday (-67,402)
20 October 1760, Monday (-67,404) Alexandre Lameth, French
politician, was born (died 18 March 1829).
19 October 1760, Sunday (-67,405) Gottleib
Hufeland, German scholarly writer, was born (died 25 February 1817).
11 October 1760, Saturday (-67,413) Lord George Murray, Scottish Jacobite, died
(born 4 October 1694).
1 October 1760, Wednesday (-67,423)
William Beckford, English author, was born (died 1844).
====================================================================================
14 September 1760, Sunday (-67,440) Maria
Cherubini, Italian composer, was born (died 15 March 1842).
8 September 1760,
Monday (-67,446)
(Canada)
The French surrendered Montreal
to the British under General Jeffrey Amherst. This completed the British
conquest of Canada. Britain had declared war in France in 1756 as part of the
Seven Years War; Amherst won in Canada in 1758 when he took the French fortress
at Louisbourg, opening up the way to Montreal.
===================================================================================
22 August 1760,
Friday (-67,463)
Pope Leo XII born.
=================================================================================
31
July 1760, Thursday
(-67,485) Battle of Warburg, Seven Years War. The French under Chevalier de
Muy were forced back by a joint British and Prussian force.
26 July 1760,
Saturday (-67,490)
(France-Germany,
East
Europe) The Austrians under Laudon captured Glatz from Prussia.
11 July 1760,
Friday (067,505) Francois Hoffmann, French
dramatist, was born (died 25 April 1828).
================================================================================
23 June 1760,
Monday (-67,523)
(France-Germany,
East
Europe) The Austrians under Laudon defeated the Prussians at Landshut.
12
June 1760, Thursday
(-67,534) Jean Louvet de Couvrai, French writer, was born (died 25 August 1797).
8 June 1760,
Sunday (-67,538) (Germany)
Karl Bottiger, German archaeologist, was born in Reichenbach (died in Dresden
17 November 1835).
======================================================================================
29
May 1760, Thursday
(-67,548) Louis Michel le Peletier, French politician, was born
(assassinated 20 January 1793).
21 May 1760,
Wednesday (-67,556) (Russia,
Germany) Russia and Austria signed a secret
convention, never shared with France, that would give East Prussia to Russia as
compensation for its war losses in supporting the Austrians against Prussia.
15 May 1760,
Thursday (-67,562) (Myanmar)
Aloung P�Houra Alompra ruler of Burma, died.
10 May 1760,
Saturday (-67,567) Johann Hebel, German poet, was born (died
22 September 1826).
6 May 1760,
Tuesday (-67,571) (Britain)
Robert Hobart, 4th Earl of Buckinghamshire, was born (died 4
February 1816).
5 May 1760, Monday (-67,572) The first hanging by
hangman�s drop at Tyburn, London. Earl Ferrers was executed for murdering his
valet.
====================================================================================
30
April 1760, Wednesday (-67,577)
22 April 1760, Tuesday (-67,585) The first pair of roller
skates were seen.
21 April 1760, Monday (-67,586) Britain�s first art
exhibition opened. The Annual Exhibition of United Artists was held at the
premises of the Society of Arts on The Strand, London.
13
April 1760, Sunday (-67,594) Thomas
Beddoes, English scientific writer, was born in Shifnal, Shropshire (died 24
December 1808).
10
April 1760, Thursday
(-67,597) Jean Lebeuf, French historical writer, was born (died 10 April 1760).
6
April 1760, Sunday (-67,601) Easter
Sunday.
=====================================================================================
28
March 1760, Friday (-67,610) (Race Equality) Thomas Clarkson, British
anti-slavery campaigner, was born (died 26 September 1846).
20
March 1760, Thursday (-67,618) Major
fire in Boston, USA, destroyed 349 buildings.
10
March 1760, Monday (-67,628)
Leandro Moratin, Spanish poet, was born (died 21 June 1828).
2 March 1760, Sunday (-67,636) Lucie
Desmoulins, French politician, was born (died 1794).
1 March 1760, Saturday (-67,637) (France) Francois Buzot, French Revolutionary,
was born (died 18 June 1794).
=====================================================================================
26
February 1760, Tuesday (-67,641)
Mikhail Bestuzhev-Ryumin, Russian diplomat, died in Paris (born 1688),
14
February 1760, Thursday (-67,653) Isaac
Browne, English poet, died (born 21 January 1705).
12
February 1760, Tuesday (-67,655)
Johann Dussek, Bohemian composer, was born (died 20 March 1812).
=====================================================================================
24
January 1760, Thursday (-67,674)
Lavinia Fenton, English actress, died (born 1708).
22
January 1760, Tuesday (-67,676) Battle of Wandiwash, Seven Years War.
In a decisive conflict in southern India, the British under Sir Eyre Coote
defeated the French under the Comte de Lally.
15
January 1760, Tuesday (-67,683)
Jean Lesueur, French composer, was born (died 6 October 1837).
9
January 1760, Wednesday (-67,689) Battle of barai Ghat, Afghan-Maratha War.
The Afghan Army under Ahmad Shah Durrani defeated the Marathas under Dattaji
Sindhia, who died in the battle.
1
January 1760, Tuesday (-67,697)
Marie Guillon, French religious writer, was born (died 1847).
======================================================================================
12/1759,
=====================================================================================
29
November 1759, Thursday (-67,730) Nicolas
Bernoulli, scientist, died (born 10 October 1687).
20
November 1759, Tuesday (-67,739) Naval battle at Quiberon
Bay, France. Admiral Hawke�s
British first fleet destroyed the French invasion fleet under Admiral Conflans,
during the Seven Years War. The
French had planned to invade Britain with a fleet of flat-bottomed boats
carrying some 20,000 soldiers. However the British navy kept this invasion
fleet bottled up in its home base of Brest, France. In November 1759 a gale
forced the British Navy to return to Torbay, Devon; when the gale died down the
French quickly escaped from Brest with 19 battleships. The British navy went
looking for the French, as they spotted them another storm approached from the
west. The French sought refuge in Quiberon Bay, assuming that the numerous
reefs and rocks would deter the British from following. However the British did
follow into the Bay. Many French battleships were run aground, wrecked or
captured. The French lost 14 battleships and 2,500 men killed; the British lost
2 ships and 400 men. The French navy was
broken, leaving Britain in commend of the seas.
10 November 1759, Saturday (-67,749)
Friedrich Schiller, German poet and dramatist, was born.
9 November 1759, Friday (-67,750) Edward Hawke withdrew from
blockading Brest (19 August 1759); the French fleet set sail, to be defeated by
the British at Quiberon Bay (20 November 1759).
2
November 1759, Friday (-67,757) Sir
Charles Hanbury, English writer, died (born 1708).
=====================================================================================
27 October 1759, Saturday (-67,263)
Ferencz Kazinczy, Hungarian author, was born (died 22 August 1831).
26 October 1759, Friday (-67,264)
George Danton, French revolutionary, was born (guillotined 5 April 1794).
25 October 1759, Thursday (67,265)
William Grenville, British statesman, was born (died 12 January 1834).
22
October 1759, Monday (-67,268)
Thomas Cooper, US writer, was born (died 11 May 1840).
17 October 1759, Wednesday (-67,773)
Jacques Bernoulli, mathematician, was born (died 7/1789).
16 October 1759, Tuesday (-67,774) The Eddystone Lighthouse,
designed by Smeaton, was officially opened.
13
October 1759, Saturday (-67,777) John
Henley, English writer and cleric, died (born 3 August 1692).
8 October 1759, Monday (-67,782) The Eddystone Lighthouse was
completed.
7 October 1759, Sunday (-67,783) Joseph
Ames, English author, died in Wapping (born 23 January 1689 in Yarmouth).
===================================================================================
28
September 1759, Friday (-67,792)
20 September 1759, Thursday (-67,800)
Marie Herault, Frenchy politician, was born (executed 5 April 1794).
19 September 1759, Wednesday (-67,801)
William Kirby, entomological writer, was born (died 4 July 1850).
17
September 1759, Monday (-67,803)
14 September 1759, Friday (-67,806) (1)
(France-Germany,
East
Europe) The Austrians under Daun took Dresden from the Prussians.
(2) The earliest dated English board game, A Journey Through Europe, or The Play of Geography, invented by John
Jeffries, was sold by him at his London home.
13 September 1759. Thursday (-67,807) General James Wolfe killed in
the siege of Quebec; in a fight
on the Plains of Abraham near the city, although the British won the
siege. See 26 July 1758 and 10 February 1763. The French commander,
Louis Montcalm, was also killed, dying of his wounds on 14 September 1759. The British won the surrender of Quebec on
18 September 1759.
12 September 1759, Wednesday (-67,808) Veran
Montcalm, French soldier, died (born 28 February 1712).
10
September 1759, Monday (-67,810)
Maximlian Montgelas, Bavarian statesman, was born.
3
September 1759, Monday (-67,817) Jesuits
expelled from Portugal and Brazil by royal decree. Some refused to leave and
were violently deported by the military, onto ships bound for the Papal States.
======================================================================================
24
August 1759. Friday (-67,827) William Wilberforce, anti-slavery campaigner,
was born in Hull, the son of a merchant. He was the third of four children.
19
August 1759, Sunday (-67,832) (France-Germany,
East
Europe) The Battle of Lagos. Choiseul had managed to extricate France
from much of its commitment to support Austria, so the French could commit more
resources to fighting Britain. Choiseul planned an invasion, with landings from
London to Scotland. To transport this invasion the French Mediterranean fleet
was ordered to sail from Toulon to join the Atlantic fleet at Brest. On its way
northwards past Portugal, the French fleet was attacked by Admiral Edward
Boscawen off Lagos, Portugal, and scattered. Meanwhile Edward Hawke was
blockading the French port of Brest (see 9 November 1759).
12 August 1759, Sunday (-67,839) (France-Germany,
East
Europe) Frederick, who had been unable to prevent the Austrians under
Daun and the Russians under Saltykov joining forces, was heavily defeated by
them at Kunersdorf. Frederick lost
18,000 men in six hours. The Russians did not capitalise on this victory, but
Daun then marched on Dresden.
10 August 1759, Friday (-67,841) Ferdinand VI, King of Spain,
died.
9 August 1759, Thursday (-67,842)
Johann Guts-Muths, German pedagogical writer, was born (died 21 May 1839).
8 August 1759, Wednesday (-67,843) Carl
Graun, German composer, died (born 7 May 1701).
1
August 1759, Wednesday (-67,850) (France-Germany, East Europe) At the Battle of Minden (Seven Years War), six British-Allied army
regiments defeated a larger French force, in north-west Germany.
======================================================================================
27
July 1759, Friday (-67,861) Pierre
Maupertuis, French scientific writer, died (born 17 July 1768).
24 July 1759, Tuesday (-67,858) In Canada, the British
captured Fort Niagara from the French.
23 July 1759. Monday (-67,859) (1)
(France-Germany,
East
Europe) 70,000 Russians under Saltykov defeated 26,000 Prussians under
von Wedel at Zullichau.
(2) Work began on the Royal Navy�s 104 gun battleship HMS
Victory at Chatham, Kent, built with the wood of 2,200 oak trees.
18
July 1759, Wednesday (-67,864)
Pierre Dumont, French political writer, was born (died 29 September 1829).
9
July 1759, Monday (-67,873) (France-Germany, East Europe) The French, under the Duc de Broglie,
took Minden on the River Weser.
==================================================================================
27
June 1759, Wednesday (-47,885) Battle of Quebec, Seven Years
War.
21
June 1759, Thursday (-47,891)
Alexander Dallas, US statesman, was born (died 16 June 1817).
12
June 1759, Tuesday (-47,900) William
Collins, English poet, died (born 25 December 1721).
===================================================================================
28
May 1759, Monday (-67,915) William Pitt the Younger,
British Tory Prime Minister, was born at Hayes, near Bromley, Kent. He became
Britain�s youngest Prime Minister at age 24.
20
May 1759, Sunday (-67,923) William Thornton, US
architect who designed the Capitol at Washington, was born.
6
May 1759, Sunday (-67,937) Francois
Andrieux, French writer, was born in Strasbourg (died 9 May 1833 in Paris).
1
May 1759, Tuesday (-67,942) (USA)
Jacob Albright, US clergyman, was born near Pottstown, Pennsylvania (died 18
May 1808 in Muhlbach, Pennsylvania).
==================================================================================
27
April 1759, Friday (-67,946) Birth of Mary
Wollstonecraft, English writer, political radical and feminist.
19
April 1759, Thursday (-67,954)
August Iffland, German dramatist, was born (died 22 September 1814).
15 April 1759, Sunday (-67,958) Easter
Sunday.
14 April 1759. Saturday (-67,959) George Frederick Handel, German composer, died, aged 74, and was buried in
Westminster Abbey. He was born in Halle, Saxony, on 23 February 1685. He
settled in England and became court composer to George II.
13 April 1759, Friday (-67,960) (France-Germany,
East
Europe) Ferdinand of Brunswick, who had enjoyed success against the
French in southwest Germany, was defeated at Bergen, near Frankfurt am Main, by
the Duc de Broglie.
8
April 1759, Sunday (-67,965) Robert
Clive, Governor of the British East India Company�s possessions in Bengal,
seized Masilupatam and drove the French out of the Deccan area.
===================================================================================
29
March 1759, Thursday (-67,975)
Alexander Chalmers, Scottish writer, was born (died 19 December 1834).
3
March 1759, Saturday (-68,001) John
Jamieson, Scottish lexicographical writer, was born (died 12 July 1838).
====================================================================================
26
February 1759, Monday (-60,006)
Ludwig Jacob, German economics writer, was born (died 22 July 1827).
11
February 1759, Sunday (-68,021) (Britain) John Camden, British politician, was
born (died 8 October 1840).
===================================================================================
29
January 1759, Monday (-68,034) (Biology)
Louis Bosc, French naturalist, was born in Paris (died in Paris 10 July 1828).
25
January 1759, Thursday (-68,038) Robert Burns, Scottish poet,
was born at Alloway, near Ayr, Ayrshire, son of a poor farmer.
16
January 1759. Tuesday (-68,047) British Museum, London,
opened to the public, in premises formerly known as Montague House. Funded by a
lottery that raised UK� 300,000, the museum contained a collection of books,
manuscripts and natural objects amassed by Sir Hans Sloane, also collections by
Edward and Robert Harley and Sir Robert Bruce Cotton.
=====================================================================================
25
December 1758, Monday (-68,069) James
Hervey, English religious writer, died (born 26 February 1714).
17
December 1758, Sunday (-68,077)
Nathaniel Macon, US politician, was born (died 29 June 1837).
15
December 1758, Friday (-68,079) John
Dyer, British poet, died.
9
December 1758, Saturday (-68,085) Matthew
Flinders confirmed that a channel existed between Tasmania and Australia,
making the former an island.
====================================================================================
25
November 1758, Saturday (-68,099) The
British captured Fort Duquesne (later, Pittsburgh) from the French.
21
November 1758, Tuesday (-68,103) (Austria) Austrian forces under Daun surrounded
a Prussian force under General Finck at Maxen, forcing its surrender.
12
November 1758, Sunday (-68,112) Jean
Mounier, French politician, was born (died 28 January 1806).
5
November 1758, Sunday (-68,119) Hans
Egede, the Apostle of Greenland, died. Born in Norway in 1686, he was appointed
pastor of Vagen, Norway, in 1707. He desired to convert the descendants of the
Norse in Greenland and departed for there in 1721. Finding the Norse to be
extinct, he set about converting the Inuit. The death of his wife Getrude Rask
in 1736 caused him to leave Greenland. In 1740 he became superintendent of the Greenland
Mission in Copenhagen.
=====================================================================================
16 October 1758, Monday (-68,139) Birth of Noah Webster,
lexicographer who produced the first American dictionary.
15 October 1758, Sunday (-68,140) Johann
Heinrich von Dannecker, German sculptor, was born (died 1841)
14 October 1758, Saturday (-68,141) (France-Germany, East Europe)
The Austrians under Daun launched an unexpected counter-attack against the
Prussians at Hochkirk; Prussian losses
were 9,500 against 7,500 for the Austrians. Daun began an advance on Dresden,
but fell back to Pirna when he heard of Frederick�s march on Lusatia. However
the Austrian victory at Hochkirk raised French morale; they had been inclined
to abandon the war against Prussia.
=====================================================================================
29
September 1758, Friday (-68,156) Horatio Nelson was born in Burnham Thorpe rectory, Norfolk.� He was the son of a clergyman, one of 11
children.� He died in battle in 1805.
14
September 1758, Thursday (-68,171)
Battle of Grants Hill, Pennsylvania, Seven Years War. Te British under Major
Grant were defeated by the French iunder de Ligneris at Fort Duquesne.
9
September 1758, Saturday (-68,176)
Alexander Naysmyth, Scottish painter, was born (died 10 April 1840).
=====================================================================================
27
August 1758, Sunday (-68,189) Battle
of Fort Frontenac, Canada, Seven Years War. Colonel Bradstreet, British,
defeated the French under Noyan, who lost control of Lake Ontario.
25
August 1758, Friday (-68,191) (France-Germany,
East
Europe) Frederick of Prussia moved around Fermor�s east flank and his
36,000 men attacked the Russians
at Zorndorf (Sarbinowo). Prussian losses were 13,500, against Russian
casualties of 42,000 (21,000 killed). Frederick now left Christoph von Dohna to
pursue the defeated Russians; Frederick moved south to assist his brother,
Prince Henry, against the Austrians under Daun at Dresden.
20
August 1758, Sunday (-68,196) (France-Germany, East Europe) Frederick�s forces arrived at
Frankfurt on Oder, ready to attack the Russians besieging Kustrin.
15
August 1758, Tuesday (-68,201) (France-Germany, East Europe) Russian forces under Fermor began a
siege of the Prussians at Kustrin.
10
August 1758, Thursday (-68,206)
Armand Gensonne, French politician, was born (executed 31 October 1793).
2
August 1758, Wednesday (-68,214)
Battle of Carrical, India, Seven Years War. The British under Admiral Pocock
defeated the French under Comte D�Ache, but made few gains.
====================================================================================
26
July 1758. Wednesday (-68,221) A British force authorised by
William Pitt to attack the French in North America had its first success with
the capture of Louisburg. See 13 September 1759 and 10 February 1763.
21 July 1758, Friday (-68,226)
Elizabeth Hamilton, British author, was born (died 23 July 1816).
20 July 1758, Thursday (-68,227)
Marguerite Guadet, French revolutionary, was born (guillotined 17 June 1794).
6
July 1758, Thursday (-68,241)
===================================================================================
23 June 1758, Friday (-68,254) (France-Germany,
East
Europe) Emmerlich�s Anglo-Hanoverian army, 40,000-strong, defeated
70,000 men under the Comte de Clermont at Krefeld. This victory enabled
Emmerlich to hold all of northern Germany against France, despite French
victories further south in Hesse and Thuringia.
22 June 1758, Thursday (-68,255)
George Vancouver, the explorer who gave his name to the city of Vancouver,
Canada, was born in Kings Lynn, England.
19
June 1758, Monday (-68,258)
Raffaello Morghen, Italian engraver, was born (died 8 April 1833).
9
June 1758, Friday (-68,268) The first line sanctioned by
Parliament opened in Britain. This was the Leeds to Middleton line.
2
June 1758, Friday (-68,275) A British war fleet anchored
in Gabarus Bay, off Canada, to fight the French.
=====================================================================================
28
May 1758, Sunday (-68,280) Amherst, Wolfe, and Lawrence
arrived at Halifax, Nova Scotia, see 19 February 1758.
6
May 1758, Saturday (-68,302) Birth of Maximillien
Robespierre, French revolutionary who instituted the Reign of Terror, and was
eventually guillotined himself.
3
May 1758, Wednesday (-68,305) Pope
Benedict XIV (247th Pope) died. Pope Clement XIII (248th Pope) acceded,
formerly Cardinal Carlo della Torre Rezzonico, died 1769.
=====================================================================================
28
April 1758, Friday �(-68,310) James Monroe, American Republican and 5th
President, was born in Westmoreland County, Virginia.
22
April 1758, Saturday (-60,316)
Antoine de Jussieu, writer, died.
16
April 1758, Sunday (-68,322) (France-Germany,
East
Europe) Frederick of Prussia defeated the Austrians at Schweidnitz,
Silesia.
9
April 1758, Sunday (-68,329) (USA)
Ames Fisher, US statesman, was born in Dedham, Massachusetts (died 4 July 1808).
======================================================================================
28 March 1758, Tuesday (-68,341) Jonathan
Edwards, religious writer, died (born 5 October 1703).
27 March 1758, Monday (-68,342) (France-Germany,
East
Europe) An Anglo-Hanoverian force under Ferdinand of Brunswick crossed
the Rhine at Emmerlich, near the Dutch frontier (see 23 June 1758).
26 March 1758, Sunday (-68,343) Easter
Sunday.
9
March 1758, Thursday (-68,360)
Franz Gall, medical writer, was born (died 22 August 1828)
=====================================================================================
28
February 1758, Tuesday (-68,369)
Nicolas Molliken, French financier, was born.
19
February 1758, Sunday (-68,378) The British General Amherst,
recalled from Germany by Pitt, sailed this day from Portsmouth with
Brigadier-General Lawrence and Brigadier James Wolfe, for Canada, to pursue the
war against the French.� See 28 May 1758.
=====================================================================================
22
January 1758, Saturday (-68,406) (France-Germany,
East
Europe) William Fermor, Scottish emigrant to Russia who had taken the
place of Apraksin (see 30 August 1757) in September 1757, took the East
Prussian capital, Konigsberg (Kaliningrad) from Prussia. However a spring thaw
melted the snow and made the roads impassable, temporarily immobilising Fermor.
6
January 1758, Thursday (-68,422)
Charles Ganilh, political writer, was born (died 1836).
1
January 1758, Saturday (-68,427) The
formal starting date for standardised species names across the animal kingdom,
based on Carl Linnaeus� work, Systema Naturae.
===================================================================================
11 December 1757, Sunday (-68,448) Colley
Cibber, English actor, died (born 6 November 1671).
10 December 1757, Saturday (-68,449)
Herbert Marsh, English religious writer, was born (died 1 May 1839).
5
December 1757, Monday (-68,454) (France-Germany,
East
Europe) Frederick of Prussia,
now confronted by an Austrian army which had invaded Silesia and seized
Breslau, defeated them this day at Leuthen and recovered Breslau, capital of
Silesia. Frederick�s 43,000 men attacked the 72,000 Austrians under Charles
of Lorraine with a sudden cavalry charge followed by a heavy artillery
bombardment. Frederick�s losses amounted to 6,000, against 22,000 lost by
Charles, including 12,000 taken prisoner. Meanwhile the Swedes, who had invaded
Prussian Pomerania in September 1757 (without Russian approval), were also
forced back into Swedish Pomerania, where they held against the Prussians at
Stralsund. With the Russians under
Apraksin also having retreated (see 30 August 1757), the war began to turn in
Prussia�s favour.
================================================================================
28
November 1757, Monday (-68,461) Poet, artist, and visionary
William Blake was born in London.
22
November 1757, Tuesday (-68,467) In Silesia, Austria took
Breslau (Wroclaw) from Prussia.
15 November 1757, Tuesday (-68,474) Jacques
Hebert, French revolutionary, was born (guillotined 24 March 1794).
14 November 1757, Monday (-68,475)
Arnail Jaucourt, French politician, was born (died 5 February 1852).
13 November 1757, Sunday (-68,476)
Archibald Alison, Scottish author, was born in Edinburgh (died 17 May 1839 in
Colinton).
11 November 1757, Friday (-68,478)
In Silesia, Austria took Schweidnitz (Swidnica) from Prussia.
6 November 1757, Sunday (-68,483) Louis
Beffroy, French dramatist, was born in Laon (died in Paris 17 December 1811).
5 November 1757, Saturday (-68,484) (France-Germany,
East
Europe) Frederick, faced by a French Army advancing from Thuringia
towards Berlin, won a major victory against them at Rossbach. 21,000 Prussian troops faced 41,000� French and allied men but the cautious
tactics of the French commander Soubise were at odds with his more aggressive
ally Saxe-Hildburghausen, and the Prussian cavalry forces were more mobile,
under the leadership of Friedrich Wilhelm von Seydlitz. In two hours fighting,
the Prussian lost 550 men against allied losses of 7,000. Encouraged by this
victory the British repudiated Klosterzeven (see 26 July 1757) and sent troops
to reinforce the Hanoverians.
1
November 1757, Tuesday (-68,488)
Antonio Canova, Italian sculptor, was born (died 13 October 1822).
====================================================================================
25
October 1757, Tuesday (-68,495) Antoine
Calmet, French Benedictine monk and teacher (born 26/2.1672) died.
15
September 1757, Saturday (-68,505) Karl
Moritz, German author, was born (died 26 June 1793).
10 October 1757, Monday (-68,510) (Biology)
Erik Acharius, Swedish botanist (died 13 August 1819 in Wadstena) was born.
9 October 1757, Sunday (-68,511) Charles X, King of Sweden,
was born
====================================================================================.
19
September 1757, Monday (-68,531) (Russia) Elizabeth I of Russia had a fainting fit at
Tsarskoe Selo; the start of a serious illness.
7 September 1757, Wednesday (-68,543) (France-Germany,
East
Europe) Prussian forces under Fredrick Francis of Brunswick-Bevern were
defeated at Moys (Zgorzelec) in Silesia by the Austrians.
6 September 1757, Tuesday (-68,544) Marquis de Lafayette,
Frenchman who fought with the American colonists for independence from Britain
and was a key figure in the French Revolution, was born.
3
September 1757, Saturday (-68,547) (Germany) Augustus Charles was born (died 14
June 1828).
====================================================================================
30 August 1757, Tuesday (-68,551)
(France-Germany,
East
Europe) A Russian army of 90,000, having crossed Poland and entered
Prussia, heavily defeated the Prussians under Hans von Lehwaldt at
Gross-Jagersdorf, west of Gumbinnen. Unexpectedly the Russian commander, Apraksin,
then withdrew. The health of the Russian Empress Elizabeth, who hated Prussia,
was becoming uncertain and her successor, the future Peter III, liked Frederick
and opposed the fight against Prussia. Therefore Apraksin risked the displeasure
of his future master if he continued his aggression in Prussia.
28 August 1757, Sunday (-68,553) David Hartley, English philosophical writer, died
(born 30 August 1705).
9
August 1757, Tuesday (-68,572), French General Louis de
Montcalm (1712-59) attacked the British held Fort William Henry, gateway to
northern Canada. Outnumbered, the fort�s commender, Colonel Munro laid down his
arms and honourably surrendered, having been promised safe passage by Montcalm.
However the� Amerindians allied to the
French then turned on the British, to the horror of Montcalm.� Risking his own life he managed to restore
order, however many Biritsh were killed. The survivors reached safety at Fort
Edward.
===================================================================================
26
July 1757, Tuesday (-68,586) (France-Germany,
East
Europe) A French Army of 100,000 defeated the Hanoverian, Prussian and
British allied forces under William Augustus, Duke of Cumberland, a younger son
of King George II of England. This was at Hastenbeck,
south west of Hanover. On 8 September 1757 the French forced Cumberland to sign
the Convention of Klosterzeven, which stipulated the disbandment of
Cumberland�s forces in Germany.
23
July 1757. Saturday (-68,589) The composer Scarlatti died,
aged 71.
===================================================================================
26
June 1757, Sunday (-68,616) (Austria)
Maximillian Browne, Austrian Field-Marshal, died (born 23 October 1705).
23 June 1757. Thursday (-68,619) The Battle of Plassey took place in Bengal. The British
victory of Robert Clive over the Nawab of Bengal laid the foundations for the British Empire in India.
22 June 1757, Wednesday (-68,620) George Vancouver, English
naval captain who surveyed the Pacific coast of North America, was born in
Kings Lynn, Norfolk.
18
June 1757, Saturday (-68,624) (France-Germany,
East
Europe) Frederick, ruler of Prussia, sought to turn back an advancing
Austrian army, 50,000 strong under von Daun, but was heavily defeated at Kolin
this day.� Frederick had to give up
Bohemia and raise the siege of Prague.
8
June 1757, Wednesday (-68,634)
Ercole Consalvi, Italian statesman, was born (died 24 January 1824).
5
June 1757, Sunday (-68,637) (Medical) Pierre Cabanis, French physiologist, was
born (died 5 May 1808).
======================================================================================
17
May 1757, Tuesday (-68,656) (Russia, Germany)
Russian troops advanced on Konigsberg, Prussia.
6
May 1757, Friday (-68,667) (France-Germany,
East
Europe) The Battle of Prague.
Frederick�s Prussian Army of 64,000 routed an Austrian Army of 66,000 under
Browne and Prince Charles of Lorraine. This defeat came before the Austrians
could be reinforced by more troops under Leopold Joseph, Graf von Daun. 14,000
Austrians were killed, 16,000 escaped to join von Daun, and the rest fled into
Prague itself where they were besieged by Frederick.
1
May 1757, Sunday (-68,672) (France-Germany,
East
Europe) Austria and France signed the Second Treaty of Versailles,
allying themselves for an offensive against Prussia. Under this Treaty, Austria
would regain Silesia (from Prussia) but would cede the Austrian Netherlands (to
be divided between King Louis XV of France and his Spanish Bourbon cousin Philip
Duke of Parma). Philip�s Italian possessions would revert to Austrian rule.
France would garrison 105,000 of its troops in Prussia, in addition to
supplying 30,000 men to the Austrian Army (increased from an earlier figure of
24,000). France would provide an annual subsidy to Austria of 12,000,000
livres. Meanwhile on 11 January 1757 France had concluded a secret treaty with
Russia whereby France agreed to help Russia in the event of any attack on
Russia by Turkey (contravening a long-standing detente between France and
Turkey). In return for this Russia would supply 80,000 men against Prussia. All
parties swore not to make separate peaces with Prussia, which was to be
partitioned between the Allies.
=====================================================================================
19 April 1757, Tuesday (-68,684)
Edward Exmouth, English Admiral, was born (died 23 January 1833).
18 April 1757, Monday (-68,685) Frederick of Prussia left his
winter quarters and marched on Prague.�
See 16 October 1757.
10
April 1757, Sunday (-68,693) Easter
Sunday.
====================================================================================
31
March 1757, Thursday (-68,703) (Finland)
Gustaf Mauritz Armfelt, Governor General of the grand Duchy of Finland, was
born in Finland (died 19 August 1814 in Tsarskoe Selo).
23
March 1757, Wednesday (-68,711) The British won the Battle of
Chandernagore, Bengal.
14
March 1757, Monday (-68,720) Admiral John Byng was
executed by firing squad on the Monarque at Portsmouth, for his failure
to relieve the island of Minorca, under attack by the French, at the start of
the Seven Years War. In fact his fleet was probably inadequate for the task;
having failed to prevent a French landing on Minorca, he took advice to leave
the British garrison to its fate.
8 March 1757, Tuesday (-68,726) (Britain)
Thomas Blackwell, Scottish classical scholar, died (born in Aberdeen 4 April 1701).
6 March 1757, Sunday (-68,728) Louis Fontanes, French poet, was born (died
17 March 1821),
1
March 1757, Tuesday (-68,733)
John Boydell, publisher, was born in Dorrington (died in Paris 23 November 1833).
======================================================================================
7
February 1757, Monday (-68,755) The
Treaty of Alinagar was concluded by Clive of Plassey, following his recapture
of Calcutta from the Nawab of Bengal, Siraj al Daula. Under this Treaty,
Calcutta was returned to the East India Company, who gained the right to
fortify the city and to print money. Calcutta became a bridgehead from which
the East India Company extended its control across Bengal.
1
February 1757, Tuesday (-68,761)
John Philip Kemble, actor, was born (died 26 February 1823).
=====================================================================================
22
January 1757, Saturday (-68,771)
Christian Beck, German historical writer, was born in Leipzig (died in Leipzig
13 December 1832).
11
January 1757, Tuesday (-68,782)
Alexander Hamilton, US statesman, was born (died 12 July 1804).
9
January 1757, Sunday (-68,784) Bernard
Fontenelle, French author, died (born 11 February 1657).
2
January 1757, Sunday (-68,791) Clive of India captured Calcutta after it had been seized by
the Nawab of Bengal. The Nawab had imprisoned 146 British in the infamous Black Hole of Calcutta, see 20 June 1756.
This brought Bengal, with all its wealth, under British control.
===================================================================================
27 December 1756, Monday (-68,797) The
court-martial of Admiral Byng began over the surrender of Minorca to the
French.
26 December 1756, Sunday (-68,798) Bernard
Lacepede, French naturalist writer, was born (died 6 October 1825).
11
December 1756, Saturday (-68,813)
Theodore Neuhof, German adventurer and claimant to the throne of Corsica, died.
8
December 1756, Wednesday (-68,816)
William Stanhope, British politician, died.
16
November 1756, Tuesday (-68,838)
3
November 1756, Wednesday (-68,851)
Pierre Laromiguiere, French philosophical writer, was born.
16
October 1756, Saturday (-68,869) (1) (France-Germany, East Europe) The
army of Saxony capitulated to Frederick of Prussia at the fortress of
Pirma.� See 18 April 1857. Most of the
Saxon Army joined with Prussia.
(2) Noah Webster, American lexicographer who wrote
Webster�s Dictionary, was born in West Hartford, Connecticut.
13
October 1756, Wednesday (-68,872)
James Gambier, British Admiral, was born (died 19 April 1833),
1
October 1756, Friday (-68,884) (France-Germany,
East
Europe) The Battle of Lobositz (midway between Dresden and Prague).� The Prussians defeated the Austrians. Russia
would have marched to help Austria against Prussia, but this would entail
Russian troops crossing Poland. Although France would nominally have welcomed
this, as it would relieve the French from helping Austria, and Poland was
allied to France, in secret the French would not welcome any Russian influence
upon Poland.
==================================================================================
24
September 1755, Friday (-68,891) John
Marshall, US jurist, was born (died 6 July 1835).
22 September 1756, Wednesday (-68,893) (Britain) Hobart, Earl of Buckingham, died.
21 September 1756, Tuesday (-68,894). John Mac Adam, Scottish
surveyor who pioneered the uses of tar-macadam for road surfacing, was born in
Ayr.
10
September 1756, Friday (-68,905) (France-Germany,
East
Europe) Frederick entered the Saxon capital, Dresden, with his army of 70,000.
The Saxon Army, 20,000, fell back to Pirna to the south east. Prussia assured
Poland of it�s good intentions but was not believed; Poland was also friendly
with France. Meanwhile an Austrian army under Ulysses von Browne, of 32,000
men, was moving from Bohemia to unite with the Saxons. To counter this threat,
Frederick moved into Bohemia, towards Lobositz (see 1 October 1756).
7
September 1756, Tuesday (-68,908)
Willem Bilderdijk, Dutch poet, was born in Amsterdam (died in Haarlem 18
December 1831).
29
August 1756. Sunday�
(-68,917) (France-Germany,
East
Europe) Frederick II of Prussia
invaded Saxony, setting off a European war. Britain was allied with Prussia and
Hanover, against Austria, Saxony and France, see 16 January 1756, and 1 July 1756.
Austria wanted to regain its province of Silesia,� taken by Frederick II of Prussia during the
War of the Austrian Succession (1740-48). Frederick , believing in
attacking first, invaded Saxony to detach it from the Franco-Austrian alliance.
11
August 1756, Wednesday (-68,935) Battle of Oswego, New York State, Seven
Years War. The French under the Marquis of Montcalm captured an English fort
held by Colonel Mercer, who was killed in battle.
=====================================================================================
20
June 1756. Sunday (-68,987)
Night of the Black Hole of Calcutta.
See 2 January 1757, and 12 August 1765. A total of 147 people were confined in
what came to be known as the Black Hole
of Calcutta. The remaining European defenders of Calcutta in the Seven
Years War in India were shut away in a local lock up for petty offenders,
following the capture of Calcutta by the Nawab Siraj Ul Dawlah of Bengal. The
Black Hole was a room 18 feet long by 14 foot 10 inches wide, with only two
small windows. According to the British leader John Z Holwell, only 23 of the
147 imprisoned survived, but this figure may be inaccurate. Instead of the
suspected slaughter, the Nawab may have been guilty of negligence.
13
June 1756, Sunday (-68,994) Edmund
Lodge, English heraldry writer, was born (died 16 January 1839).
11
June 1756, Friday (-68,996) Cesar
du Marsais, French scholarly writer, died (born 17 September 1676)
4
June 1756, Friday (-69,003) Jean
Chaptal, French statesman, was born (died 30 July 1832).
31
May 1756, Monday (-69,007)
James Currie, Scottish physician, was born (died 31 August 1805).
27
May 1756, Thursday (-69,011) Maximillian I, King of
Bavaria, was born.
20
May 1756, Thursday (-69,018)
(Spain) During the Seven Year�s War, Britain lost Minorca to the French.
18
May 1756, Tuesday (-69,020) (Britain,
France)
Britain declared war on France. This was the start of the Seven Years War.
6
May 1756, Thursday (-69,032)
Andre Massena, one of Napoleon�s Marshals, was born (died 4 April 1817).
1
May 1756, Saturday (-69,037) Alarmed by the Convention of
Westminster, (see 16 January 1756), the French concluded a defensive treaty
with Austria, who was under threat from the Prussians. The Russians were also
concerned at the Anglo-Prussian alliance and sought closer ties with Austria
and France.
18
April 1756, Sunday (-69,050) Easter
Sunday. (Astronomy) Jacques
Cassini, astronomer, died (born 8 February 1677).
=====================================================================================
30
March 1756, Tuesday (-69,069)
Juan Llorente, Spanish historical writer, was born (died 5 February 1823).
3
March 1756, Wednesday (-69,096)
William Godwin, English political writer, wife of the noted feminist campaigner
Mary Wollstonecraft, was born (died 7 April 1836).
23 February 1756, Monday (-69,105) Juan
Forner, Spanish writer, was born (died 17 March 1799).
22 February 1756, Sunday (-69,106) Georg
Martens, German legal writer, was born (died 21 February 1821).
17
February 1756, Tuesday (-69,111) (Medicine) Johann Ackermann, German physician,
(died 9 March 1801 in Altdorf) was born
6
February 1756, Friday (-69,122) (USA) Aaron Burr, US politician, was born (died 14
September 1836).
29
January 1756, Thursday (-69,130)
Henry Lee, US General, was born (died 25 March 1818).
27
January 1756, Tuesday (-69,132) Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Austrian composer, was born in
Salzburg, the son of a musician.
16
January 1756. Friday (-69,143) (Britain,
France-Germany, Russia)
George II secured an
agreement, the Convention of Westminster,
by which Frederick of Prussia guaranteed to help England if Hanover was attacked,
and England promised to help Prussia if Silesia was attacked.� This
guaranteed the neutrality of the Prussian states under Frederick II in the
escalating Anglo-French dispute.� However
it was also alarming to Russia, who saw the Treaty as a potential Anglo-Prussian
alliance against them. See 1 May 1756.
6
January 1756, Tuesday (-69,153) Melchior
Goldast, Swiss historical writer, was born (died 1635).
=====================================================================================
1
December 1755, Monday (-69,189)
Maurice Greene, English composer, died (born 1695).
17
November 1755, Monday (-69,203) Louis XVIII, King of France
after the fall of Napoleon, was born in Versailles.
13
November 1755, Thursday (-69,207) Joseph
:Louis, French statesman, was born (died 26 August 1837).
2 November 1755, Sunday (-69,218) Marie Antoinette, Austrian
princess and Queen Consort of Louis XVI of France, was born in Vienna.
1 November 1755, Saturday (-69,219)
An earthquake reduced two thirds of Lisbon to rubble, killing 60,000 people. Lisbon had been a great city with a
population of about a quarter of a million. The quake has been estimated at
Richter 9, and caused cracks as wide as 5 metres in the ground to open. Further
destruction was caused when a 6 metre high tsunami struck, drowning many who
had sought refuge on ships in the harbour. Fire then destroyed many more
buildings. Striking on All Saints Day,
the quake caused many to be sceptical of God�s existence, and the event spurred
research into natural causes for disasters rather than Acts of God, laying the
foundations for the Enlightenment.
20
October 1755, Monday (-69,231)
Pierre Lefebvre, Marshal of France, was born (died 14 September 1820).
14
October 1755, Tuesday (-69,237)
Thomas Charles, Welsh educationalist, was born (died 5 October 1814).
=====================================================================================
17
September 1755, Wednesday (-69,264) (Britain)
William Cathcart, English soldier, was born (died 16 June 1843).
10
September 1755, Wednesday (-69,271) (France)
Bertrand Barere, French politician, was born in Tarbes (died 13 January 1841).
8
September 1755, Monday (-69,273)
Colonial British troops in America defeated a comboined force of French and
Amerindians at the Battle of Lake George.
29
August 1755, Friday (-69,283) Jan
Dombrowski, Polish General, was born (died 19 June 1799).
24
August 1755, Sunday (-69,288) Louis
Narbonne-Lara, French statesman, was born (died 17 November 1813).
20
August 1755, Wednesday (-69,292)
Toussaint Bernard Emeric David, art writer, was born (died 2 April 1839).
13 August 1755, Wednesday (-69,299) Francesco
Durante, Italian composer, died (born 15 March 1684).
12 August 1755, Tuesday (-69,300)
Conrad Malte-Brun, French geographical writer, was born (died 14 December 1826).
4
August 1755, Monday (-69,308)
Nicolas Conte, French chemist, was born (died 6 December 1805).
28
July 1755, Monday (-69,315) The
�Great Upheaval� in Nova Scotia, Canada. The British colony decided to expel
all French colonists who would ot sear allegiance to the British Crown. In tye
subsequent conflict, thousands died over the next 8 years.
9 July 1755, Wednesday (-69,334) Battle of Monongahela, French-AmerIndian War. The British under
General Edward Braddock were routed by a combines French and Amerindian force
under Captain Daniel de Beaujeu, and after his death, by Captain Jean Dumas.
The Battle was fought near Fort Duquesne (Pittsbiurgh) and one of the survivors
was George Washington.
8 July 1755, Tuesday (-69,335) Britain and France broke off
diplomatic relations as their dispute over North America deepened.
6 July 1755, Sunday (-69,337) John Flaxman, English sculptor, was born
(died 7 December 1826).
4 July 1755, Friday (-69,339) Jean Gail, French writer on Greece, was
born (died 5 February 1829).
=====================================================================================
17
June 1755, Tuesday (-69,356) After
a siege by British Colonel Monckton, French-held Fort Beuasojour in Nova Scotia
(Acadia) surrendered.
15 June 1755, Sunday (-69,358) (Chemistry)
Antoine Francoise was born in Paris. In 1799 he isolated urea.
14 June 1755, Saturday (-69,359) Dr Johnson�s dictionary went
on sale at �4 10s for the two volumes.
10
June 1755, Tuesday (-69,363)
7 June 1755, Saturday (-69,366) Earthquake
hit northern Persia, killing 40,000.
6 June 1755, Friday (-69,367) Nathan Hale, American
revolutionary who was hanged for spying on the British, was born.
30
May 1755, Friday (-69,374) Jean
Collin D�Harleville, French dramatist, was born (died 24 February 1806).
14
May 1755, Wednesday (-69,390) (Ireland)
George Barrington, Irish adventurer, was born in Maynooth.
16 April 1755, Wednesday (-69,418)
Francois Monlosier, French writer, was born (died 9 December 1838).
15 April 1755, Tuesday (-69,419) Dr Samuel�s dictionary was
published, after nine years of work. It contained 40,000 words.
10
April 1755, Thursday (-69,424)
Samuel Hahnemann, founder of homeopathy, was born (died 2 July 1843).
1 April 1755, Tuesday (-69,433) (Food)
Anthelme Brillat-Savarin, French gastronomist, was born (died 2 February 1826).
=====================================================================================
30 March 1755, Sunday (-69,435) Easter Sunday.
24
March 1755, Monday (-69,441)
Rufus King, US politician, was born (died 29 April 1827)
6
March 1755, Thursday (-69,459)
Jean Florian, French poet, was born (died 13 September 1794).
25
February 1755, Tuesday (-69,468)
Francois Mallarme, French Revolutionist, was born (died 25 July 1835).
21 February 1755, Friday (-69,472) Anne
Grant, Scottish writer, was born (died 7 November 1838).
20 February 1755, Thursday (-69,473)
General Edward Braddock landed with two regiments in Virginia to become
Commander in Chief of the British forces in North America, against the French.
16
February 1755, Sunday (-69,477) (Germany)
Friedrich Bulow, Prussian General, was born (died 25 February 1816).
11 February 1755, Tuesday (-69,482) Francesco
Maffei, Italian writer, died (born 1 June 1575).
10 February 1755, Monday (-69,483)
Charles Montesquieu, French writer, died.
20
January 1755, Monday (-69,504)
12 January 1755, Sunday (-69,512) The first Russian university,
at Moscow, opened.
11 January 1755, Saturday (-69,513)
Alexander Hamilton, US statesman and founder of the newly independent
post-Revolution Government,� was born on
Nevis, British West Indies.
7
January 1755, Tuesday (-69,517)
William Brown, Scottish religious writer, was born (died 11 May 1830).
======================================================================================
25
December 1754, Wednesday (-69,530)
Jean Bouchotte, French politician, was born in Metz (died 8 June 1840).
9
December 1754, Monday (-69,546)
Francis Hastings, British colonial Governor of India, was born (died 28
November 1826).
27
November 1754, Wednesday (-69,558) Abraham
Demoivre, English mathematician, died (born 26 May 1667).
16
November 1754, Saturday (-69,569)
William Marsden, English orientalist writer, was born (died 6 October 1836).
8
November 1754, Friday (-69,577)
Germain Garnier, French politician, was born (died 4 October 1821).
30
October 1754, Wednesday (-69,586)
Philippe Merlin, French politician, was born (died 26 December 1838).
28
October 1754, Monday (-69,588) Friedrich
von Hagedorn, German poet, died (born 23 April 1708).
8
October 1754. Tuesday (-69,608) Henry Fielding died, aged 47.
He is famous as the author of the novel Tom Jones but he also, as a
Justice of the Peace, organised the detective force that became Scotland Yard.
2 October 1754, Wednesday (-69,614)
Louis Bonald, French politician, was born near Millau (died 23 November 1840).
1 October 1754, Tuesday (-69,615) Paul I, Tsar of Russia, was
born.
======================================================================================
9
September 1754, Monday (-69,637) William Bligh, captain of The Bounty, at the time of the mutiny,
was born in Plymouth.
23 August 1754, Friday (-69,654) Louis
XVI, King of France, was born at Versailles, the only son of Louis XV.
21 August 1754, Wednesday (-69,656)
William Murdock, inventor of coal-gas
lighting in 1792, was born at Auchinlek, Ayrshire.
18 August 1754, Sunday (-69,659) Francois
Chasseloup-Laubat, French General, was born (died 1833).
17 August 1754, Saturday (-69,660) Louis
Freron, French Revolutionary, was born (died 1802).
10
August 1754, Saturday (-69,667)
31
July 1754, Wednesday (-69,677)
Bon Moncey, Marshal of France, was born (died 20 April 1842).
11 July 1754, Thursday (-69,697) Thomas Bowdler, whose
expurgation of vulgarities in literary works gave the word �bowdlerise�, was
born.
10 July 1754, Wednesday (-69,698) Benjamin Franklin called for
a Union of the British colonies in America, so as to co-ordinate defence
against the French; the so-called Albany Plan.
7
July 1754, Sunday (-69,701)
4 July 1754, Thursday (-69,704)
Philippe Destouches, French dramatist, died (born 4/1680).
3 July 1754, Wednesday (-69,705) British forces under George
Washington were defeated by the French near Fort Necessity in the Ohio Valley.
==================================================================================
26
June 1754, Wednesday (-69,712)
Gabriel Montgomery, French soldier, died.
17
June 1754, Monday (-69,721) Prosper
Crebillon, French poet, died (born 13 January 1764).
12
June 1754, Wednesday (-69,726)
Isaac le Chapelier, French politician, was born (executed 22 April 1794).
2
June 1754, Sunday (-69,736) Ebenezer
Erskine, Scottish religious writer, died (born 22 June 1680).
19
May 1754, Sunday (-69,750) Claramunt
Lazan, Spanish poet, died (born 28 March 1702).
14
May 1754, Tuesday (-69,755) The
Royal and Ancient (St Andrews) Golf Club was founded. The first game was played
on the links this day.
9
May 1754, Thursday (-69,760)
The first US newspaper cartoon appeared, in Benjamin Franklin�s Pennsylvania Gazette.
6
May 1754, Monday (-69,763)
Joseph Joubert, French moralistic writer, was born (died 3 May 1824).
15 April 1754, Monday (-69,784) (Mathematics)
Jacopo Riccati, mathematician, died in Treviso, Italy.
14 April 1754, Sunday (-69,785) Easter
Sunday. Alexandre Hauterive, French statesman, was born (died 28 July 1830).
7
April 1754, Sunday (-69,792)
1
April 1754, Monday (-69,798)
Joseph de Maistre, French polemical writer, was born (died 26 February 1821).
====================================================================================
25 March 1754, Monday (-69,805)
William Hamilton, Scottish poet, died (born 1704).
24 March 1754, Sunday (-69,806) Joel
Barlow, US poet, was born in Redding, Connecticut (died in Poland 14 December 1812).
18
March 1754, Monday (-69,812) Robert Walpole, Britain�s
first Prime Minister, died.
11
March 1754, Monday (-69,819)
Valdes Melendez, Spanish poet, was born.
6
March 1754, Wednesday (-69,824) Henry Pelham left office as
Prime Minister.
16
February 1754, Saturday (-69,842) Richard
Mead, English medical writer, died (born 11 August 1673).
13
February 1754, Wednesday (-69,845)
Guillaume de Bonne-Carriere, French politician, was born in Languedoc (died
1825).
6
February 1754, Wednesday (-69,852)
Andrew Fuller, English religious writer, was born (died 7 May 1815).
2
February 1754, Saturday (-69,856) Charles Maurice de
Talleyrand-Perigord, French foreign minister to Louis XVIII and Napoleon
Bonaparte, and ambassador to Britain, was born.
28
January 1754, Monday (-69,861)
Ludvig Holberg, writer, died in Copenhagen (born in Bergen, Norway 3 December 1684).
20
January 1754, Sunday (-69,869) John
Erskine 11th Earl of Mar, English MP, died.
10
January 1754, Thursday (-69,879) Edward
Cave, English printer, died (born 27/ February 1691).
=====================================================================================
4 December 1753, Tuesday (-69,916) Sir
Charles Douglas, British Admiral, was born (died 2/1789).
3 December 1753, Monday (-69,917) Samuel Crompton, inventor of
the Spinning Mule which revolutionised the textiles industry, was born at
Firwood, near Bolton.� He was the son of
a farmer.
30
November 1753, Friday (-69,920) Benjamin
Franklin received the Godfrey Copley medal for his �curious experiments and
observations on electricity�.
23
November 1753, Friday (-69,927)
Guillaume Dumas, French General, was born (died 16 October 1837).
10
November 1753, Saturday (-89,940) Bertrand
la Bourdonnais, French naval Commender, died (born 11 February 1699).
18
October 1753, Thursday (-69,963)
Jean Cambaceres, French statesman, was born (died 1824).
15
October 1753, Monday (-69,966)
Elizabeth Inchbald, English novelist, was born (died 1 August 1821).
==================================================================================
18
September 1753, Tuesday (-69,993) (USA)
British colonial governors were instructed to secure the loyalty of the
Iriguois people, since war with France seemed inevitable.
10
September 1753, Monday (-70,001) Birth of the architect Sir
John Soane. He was born at Goring, near Reading, the son of a mason, and in
1788 he became architect and surveyor to the Bank of England. The new exterior
he created for the Bank was regarded as his most famous work. In 1806 he became
Professor of Architecture at the Royal Academy; he was knighted in 1831. His
home at 13 Lincoln�s Inn Fields, which he designed, was the setting for his art
and antiques collection. He lived there alone after his wife died in 1815; it
is now the John Soane Museum. He also designed the Dulwich College Picture
Gallery in south London.
24
August 1753, Friday (-70,018)
Louis la Revelliere-Lepaux, French politician, was born (died 27 March 1824).
24
July 1753, Tuesday (-70,049)
7
July 1753, Saturday (-70,066) British
Parliament passed the Jewish Naturalisation Act to end legal discrimination
against Jews in Britain. However the measure was widely opposed and was
repealed in 1754.
=================================================================================
17
June 1753, Sunday (-70,086) (Britain) George Grenville, First Marquess of
Bath, was born (died 11 February 1813).
4
June 1753, Monday (-70,099)
Johann Gabler, German religious writer, was born (died 17 February 1826).
12
May 1753, Saturday (-70,122) George
Gleig, Scottish religious writer, was born (died 9 March 1840).
8
May 1753, Tuesday (-70,126)
Miguel Hidalgo, Mexican patriot, was born (died 1811).
1
May 1753, Tuesday (-70,133)
Carl Linnaeus� Species Plantarum was published. This is regarded as the formal
starting date of plant taxonomy.
28
April 1753, Saturday (-70,136) (Chemistry)
Franz Achard, Prussian chemist (died 20 April 1821 in Silesia) was born in
Berlin.
23 April 1753, Monday (-70,141)
Francois Bouvet, French Captain, was born (died 21 July 1832).
22 April 1753, Sunday (-70,142) Easter
Sunday.
12
April 1753, Thursday (-70,152)
5 April 1753, Thursday (-70,159) (London)
The Founding Charter of the British Museum was enacted.
4 April 1753, Wednesday (-70,160) The date of the end of the tax year, which had been
Lady Day, 25 March, was altered to this date. This was due to the 11 days
cropped from the year 1752 as the calendar was altered to the Gregorian
Calendar. See 3 September 1752 and 5 April 1800.
3 April 1753, Tuesday (-70,161) Samuel Johnson began the
second volume of his dictionary.
====================================================================================
27
March 1753, Tuesday (-70,168) (Britain)
Andrew Bell, British divine and educationalist, was born in St Andrews (died in
Cheltenham 27 January 1832).
24
March 1752, Saturday (-70,171) Antoine
Gorsas, French writer, was born (guillotined 7 October 1793).
21
March 1753, Wednesday (-70,174) (Geology) Franz Bruckmann, German geologist, died
(born 27 September 1767). He was the first to use the terms oolite and oolitic
for rocks that resembled the roe of a fish in graininess.
12
March 1753, Monday (-70,183) Jean
Lanjuinais, French writer, was born (died 13 January 1827).
9
March 1753, Friday (-70,186) Jean
Kleber, French General, was born (died 14 June 1800).
20
February 1753, Tuesday (-70,203)
Louis Berthier, French politician, was born in Versailles (died in Bamberg 1 June
1815).
7
February 1753, Wednesday (-70,216) (France)
Nicolas Bassville, French politician, was born in Abbeville (died 13 January 1793).
23
January 1753, Tuesday (-70,231)
Anne Louise Maine, French noblewoman, died.
14
January 1753, Sunday (-70,240) George
Berkeley, scholarly writer, died (born 12 March 1685).
11
January 1753, Thursday (-70,243) Death at age 93 of the
collector Sir Hans Sloane. Born in County Down, Ireland in 1660, Sloane studied
in London and France before finally settling in London as a physician. He was
famous for his collection of plants, antiquities, cons, and some 50,000 books
and 3,650 manuscripts that were to form the nucleus of the British Museum
collection after his death. In Jamaica in 1685-6 he had collected a herbarium
of 800 species. The Birmingham chocolate manufacturers, the Cadbury family, owe
Sloane a debt for� while in Jamaica he
came across a cocoa drink favoured by the locals which Sloane found nauseous.
However if mixed with milk it became more palatable. He brought this back to
England where it was used by the Cadbury family.
===================================================================================
31
December 1752, Sunday (-70,254)
20 November 1752, Friday (-70,295)
Thomas Chatterton, English poet, was born (died 24 August 1770).
19 November 1752, Thursday (-70,296) (USA)
George Clarke, US frontiersman, was born (died 13 February 1818).
5
November 1752, Thursday (-70,310)
Carl Duker, German scholarly writer, died (born 1670).
16
October 1752, Friday (-70,330) Johann
Eichhorn, German religious writer, was born (died 27 June 1827).
===================================================================================
20
September 1752, Wednesday (-70,356) (France)
Louise Caroline, Countess of Albany, was born in Mons.
3
September 1752=14 September 1752. Thursday
(-70,362) The date (in Britain) changed this day to 14 September 1752 with the
introduction of the Gregorian Calendar. See 5 April 1753. See also 5
October 1582, start of Gregorian calendar. Crowds of people protested,
believing their lives had been �shortened� by 11 days (days 3-13 September 1752
inclusive did not exist).� The old Julian
Calendar had a leap year every 4th year, and therefore was 365.25
days long.� However the calendar had now
got out of step with the real year.� The
new calendar omitted leap years every century, unless the year was divisible by
400.
See also 44 BCE, start of Julian Calendar.
25
August 1752, Tuesday (-70,371)
Karl Mack von Leiberich, Austrian soldier, was born (died 22 October 1828).
18
August 1752, Tuesday (-70,378)
Gaetano Filangiero, Italian writer, was born (died 21 July 1788).
31
July 1752, Friday (-70,396) The oldest zoo in the world
(as in 2002) opened, in Vienna.
7 July 1752, Tuesday (-70,420) Joseph Jacquard, French inventor of an
improved loom, was born (died 7 August 1834).
5 July 1752, Sunday (-70,422) Luke Hansard, British printer, was born (died
29 October 1828).
3 July 1752, Friday (-70,424) Heinrich Henke, German religious writer,
was born (died 2 May 1809).
=====================================================================================
16
June 1752, Tuesday (-70,441) (Italy)
Giulio Alberoni, Italian statesman, died (born 31 May 1664 near Piacenza).
13 June 1752, Saturday (-70,444) Frances D�Arblay, English novelist, was
born (died 6 January 1840).
11 June 1752, Thursday (-70,446)
Christian Haugwitz, German syatesman, was born (died 1831).
10 June 1752, Wednesday (-70,447)
Benjamin Franklin tested the lightning conductor with his kite-flying
experiment.
5
June 1752, Friday (-70,452)
George Burder, English Christian writer, was born (died 29 May 1832).
23 May 1752, Saturday (-70,465) William
Bradford, printer, died in New York, USA (born in Leicestershire, UK 20 May 1663).
22 May 1752, Friday (-70,466)
Louis Legendre, French Revolutionist, was born (died 13 December 1797).
14
May 1752, Thursday (-70,474)
Timothy Dwight, US religious writer, was born (died 11 January 1817).
11
May 1752, Monday (-70,477) (Biology)
Johann Blumenbach, German physiologist, was born in Gotha (died in Gottingen 22
January 1840).
10
April 1752, Friday (-70,508) (Medical) William Cheselden, English surgeon, died
(born 19 October 1688).
5
April 1752, Sunday (-70,513)
Sebastien Erard, musical instrument maker, was born (died 5 August 1831).
====================================================================================
29 March 1752, Sunday (-70,520) Easter Sunday.
23
March 1752, Monday (-70,526) Canada�s
first newspaper, the Halifax Gazette,
went on sale.
17
February 1752, Monday (-70,561)
Friedrich Klinger, German novelist, was born (died 25 February 1831).
11
February 1752, Tuesday (-70,567) The
first hospital in the present day USA opened, the Pennsylvania.Hospital, New
York.
9 February 1752, Sunday (-70,569) Frederik Hasselquist, Swedish writer, died (3
January 1722).
2
February 1753, Sunday (-70,576) Carlo
Fea, Italian archaeological writer, was born (died 18 March 1836).
31
January 1752, Friday (-70,578)
Gouverneur Morris, US statesman, was born (died 6 November 1816).
16
January 1752, Thursday (-70,593) Francis
Blomefield, English historian, died in London (born in Fersfield, Norfolk 23
July 1705).
3
January 1752, Friday (-70,606)
Johannes Muller, Swiss historical writer, was born (died 29 May 1809).
1
January 1752, Wednesday (-70,608) Officially the first �new
year� to fall on 1st January; previously the new year had begun on
25th March.
====================================================================================
26
December 1751, Thursday (-70,614)
George Gordon, English naval lieutenant, was born (died 1 November 1793).
16
December 1751, Monday (-70,624) (USA) George Cabot, US politician, was born (died18
April 1823).
12
December 1751, Thursday (-70,628)
Henry St John, Viscount Bolingbroke, Tory politician and Jacobite supporter,
died in Battersea, London.
1
December 1751, Sunday (-70,639) Johan
Kellgren, Swedish poet, was born (died 20 April 1795).
14
November 1751, Thursday (-70,656)
Capel Lofft, English writer, was born (died 26 May 1824).
11
November 1751, Monday (-70,659) Julien
Lamettrie, French scholarly writer, died (born 25 December 1709)
6 November 1752, Wednesday (-70,664) (Britain) Ralph Erskine, Scottish divine, died
(born 18 March 1685).
5 November 1751, Tuesday (-70,665) British forces defeated the
French in the battle for control of southern India at Arcot.
1 November 1751, Friday (-70,669) Sir Herbert Croft, English author, was born
(died 26 April 1816).
30 October 1751, Wednesday (-70,671)
The dramatist Richard Brinsley Sheridan was born in Dublin.� He was the son of a teacher of elocution.
26
October 1751, Saturday (-70,675) Philip
Doddridge, English religious writer, died (born 26 June 1702).
22
October 1751, Tuesday (-70,679) The
Dutch Stadtholder, William IV, died aged 40. He was succeeded by his 3-year old
son William V.
19
October 1751, Saturday (-70,682)
Charles Kilmaine, French general, was born (died 15 December 1799).
9
October 1751, Wednesday (-70,692)
Pierre lacretelle, French writer, was born.
2
October 1751, Wednesday (-70,699)
Thomas Mathews, English Admiral, died.
======================================================================================
31
August 1751, Saturday (-70,731) Robert
Clive (Clive of India) achieved hos first military success there when he
defeated French Governor-General Joseph, Marquis de Dupleix,, and took the town
of Arcot, Karnatka, in southern India.
=====================================================================================
4
July 1751, Thursday (-70,789) Antoine
Ferrand, French political writer, was born (died 17 January 1825).
====================================================================================
4 June 1751, Tuesday (-70,819) (Britain)
John Eldon, Lord High Chancellor of England, was born (died 13 January 1838).
2 June 1751, Sunday (-70,821) (Britain)
John Bampton, English scholar, died aged 61.
25
May 1751, Saturday (-70,829)
Nathaniel Halhed, English orientalist writer, was born (died 18 February 1830).
11
May 1751, Saturday (-70,843) Pennsylvania
Hospital was founded in Philadelphia, by Benjamin Franklin and Dr Thomas Bond.
7
May 1751, Tuesday (-70,847)
Girolamo Lucchesini, Prussian diplomat, was born (died 20 October 1825).
7
April 1751, Sunday (-70,877) Easter
Sunday
====================================================================================
29
March 1751, Friday (-70,886) (Medical)
Thomas Coram, English philanthropist who established the Foundling Hospital in
Hatton Garden , London (17 October 1740) died (born 1668).
16
March 1751, Saturday (-70,899) James Madison, American
Republican and 4th President, was born in Port Conway, Virginia, the
first of 12 children.
8
March 1751, Friday (-70,907) Earthquake
in Echigo, Japan, 1,700 killed.
5
March 1751, Tuesday (-70,910) (Prisons) Trophime Lally-Tollendal, French
prison reformer, was born (died 11 March 1830).
9
February 1751, Saturday (-70,934) Henri
Aguesseau, Chancellor of France (born 27 November 1668) died.
23
January 1751, Wednesday (-70,951)
Muzio Clementi, pianist and composer, was born in Rome.
12
January 1751, Saturday (-70,962)
Ferdinand IV, King of Naples, was born (died 4 January 1825).
=====================================================================================
12
December 1750, Wednesday (-70,993)
Lady Anne Barnard, writer, was born in Fife (died in London 6 May 1825).
4
December 1750, Tuesday (-71,001)
Henri Gregoire, French Revolutionary was born (died 20 May 1831).
30
November 1750, Friday (-71,005)
Maurice, Comte de Saxe, French Field Marshal who was victorious against the
Austrians during the Austrian War of scuccession, died in Chambord.
16
November 1750, Friday (-71,019)
Westminster Bridge, London, opened. It replaced the old ferry which operated
here until this time.
26
October 1750, Friday (-71,040)
Abraham Benard, French actor, was born (died 3 March 1822).
==================================================================================
26 September 1750, Wednesday (-71,070) (Britain)
Lord Collingwood, British naval officer, Nelson�s second in command at
Trafalgar, was born in Newcastle on Tyne.
25 September 1750, Tuesday (-71,071) (Geology)
German geologist Abraham Gottlob Werner was born in Wehrau. He pioneered a
method of classifying minerals by their physical characteristics such as
colour, hardness, transparency, lustre, and shape.
18
September 1750, Tuesday (-71,078)
Tomas de Iriarte, Spanish poet, was born (died 17 September 1791).
15
September 1750, Saturday (-71,081)
Charles Pachelbel, composer, died.
5 September 1750, Wednesday (-71,091)
Robert Fergusson, Scottish poet, was born (died 16 October 1774).
4 September 1750, Tuesday (-71,092) Jose
de Canizares, Spanish dramatist, died (born 4.7.1676).
23
August 1750, Thursday (-71,104) (Earthquakes,
Britain)
�An earth tremor was felt in Spalding. On
2 March 1750 an earth tremor had been felt in London, and on 2 April 1750
another tremor was felt in Warrington.
14
August 1750, Tuesday (-71,113)
Charles Butler, English legal writer, was born (died 2 June 1832).
31
July 1750, Tuesday (-71,127) (Portugal)
Joao V of Portugal died aged 61, after reigning for 44 years. He was succeeded
by his son, 35, Jose Manuel.
28
July 1750, Saturday (-71,130) Composer Johann Sebastian Bach died, almost blind, of apoplexy.
He was born on 21 March 1685 in Eisenach, Germany. He fathered 20 children, and
also composed 300 cantatas, two oratorios, the St John and St Matthew Passions,
and Mass in B Minor.
25 July 1750, Wednesday (-71,133)
Henry Knox, US General, was born (died 25 October 1806).
24 July 1750, Tuesday (-71,134)
John Curran, Irish politician, was born (died 14 October 1817).
2
July 1750, Monday (-71,156)
Francois Huber, naturalist, was born (died 1831).
====================================================================================
24
June 1750, Sunday (-71,164) Deodat
Dolomieu, French geologist, was born (died 26 November 1801).
18
June 1750, Monday (-71,170)
Johann Jahn, German orientalist writer, was born (died 16 August 1816).
31
May 1750, Thursday (-71,188)
Karl Hardenberg, Prussian statesman, was born (died 26 November 1822).
20
May 1750, Sunday (-71,199) Stephen
Girard, US financier and philanthropist, was born (died 26 December 1831).
27 April 1750, Friday (-71,222) Sir
Thomas Bernard, English social reformer, was born in Lincoln (died 1 July 1818).
26 April 1750, Thursday (-71,223)
Thomas Belsham, English ecclesiastical writer, was born in Bedford (died 1829).
17 April 1750, Tuesday (-71,232) Nicolas Francois, French poet, was born
(died 10 January 1828).
15 April 1750, Sunday (-71,234)
Easter Sunday.
====================================================================================
20
March 1750, Monday (-71,267)
Martin van Marum, Dutch physicist, was born (died 26 December 1837).
16
March 1750, Thursday (-71,269)
Caroline Herschel, English astronomer, was born (died 9 January 1848).
18
February 1750, Sunday (-71,290) Georg
Bilfinger, German statesman, died in Stuttgart (was born in Wurttemberg 23
January 1693).
14
February 1750, Wednesday (-71,294)
Rene Desfontaines, French botanist, was born (died 16 November 1833).
8
February 1750, Thursday (-71,300) Aaron
Hill,English author, died (born 10 February 1685).
28
January 1750, Sunday (-71,311)
Mederic Moreau, French politician, was born.
23
January 1750, Tuesday (-71,316)
Ludovico Muratori, Italian scholatrly writer, died (born 21 October 1672).
10
January 1750, Wednesday (-71,329)
Thomas Erskine, Lord Chancellor of England, was born (died 17 November 1823).
7
January 1750, Sunday (-71,332) Robert
Anderson, Scottish writer, was born in Carnwath, Lanarkshire (died 20 February 1830
in Edinburgh).
3
January 1750, Wednesday (-71,336) (Britain)
Lady Harriet (Christian Acland) was born (died 31 July 1815).
====================================================================================
17
December 1749, Sunday (-71,353) Domenico
Cimarosa, Italian composer, was born (died 11 January 1801).
====================================================================================
19
September 1749, Tuesday (-71,442) Jean
Delambre, French astronomer, was born (died 19 August 1822).
10
September 1749, Sunday (-71,451) Emilie
du Chatelet, physicist, died.
8
September 1749, Friday (-71,453)
Dominique Garat, French writer, was born (died 25 April 1833).
29 August 1749, Tuesday (-71,463) (Medical)
Physician Sir Gilbert Blane was born in Blanefield, Scotland. In 1795 he got
the Royal Navy to make consumption of lime juice by sailors compulsory to
prevent scurvy. This earned British sailors the nickname �limeys�.
28 August 1749, Monday (-71.464) Johann Goethe, German poet
and novelist, author of Faust, was born in Frankfurt Am Main, son of a
lawyer.
10
August 1749, Thursday (-71,482)
John Edwin, English actor, was born (died 31 October 1790).
9
July 1749, Sunday (-71,514) The British founded the naval
settlement of Halifax, Nova Scotia, as an answer to the French base of Louisburg.
21
June 1749, Wednesday (-71,532)
Edward Cornwallis founded Halifax, Nova Scotia.
==================================================================================
19 May 1749, Friday (-71,565) King
George II of Britain granted the Ohio Company a charter of land on the Ohio
River.
17 May 1749, Wednesday (-71,567)
Edward Jenner, pioneer of vaccination, was born at Berkeley vicarage,
Gloucestershire.
27
April 1749, Thursday (-71,587) First
performance of Handel�s Music for the
Roya;l Fireworks.
9
April 1749, Sunday (-71,605) Camillo
Frederici, Italian dramatist, was born (died 23 December 1802).
====================================================================================
30
March 1749, Thursday (-71,615) (Electrical) Tiberius Cavallo, electrical
scientist, was born (died 21 December 1809).
28
March 1749, Tuesday (-71,617)
Pierre Laplace, French astronomer, was born (died 5 March 1827)
26
March 1749, Sunday (-71,619) Easter
Sunday.
18
March 1749, Saturday (-71,627) Sir
Matthew Decker, economics writer, died (born 1679).
12
March 1749, Sunday (-71,633)
Allesandro Magnasco, painter, died aged 81 in Genoa.
9?3/1749, Thursday (-71,636) Honore
Mirabeau, French statesman, was born (died 2 April 1791).
8 March 1749, Wednesday (-71,637)
Nicolas
Freret, French scholarly writer, died (born 15 February 1688).
22
February 1749, Wednesday (-71,651)
Johann Forkel, German musician, was born (died 20 March 1818).
16
February 1749, Thursday (-71,657)
Johann Heinse, German author, was born (died 22 June 1803).
8
February 1749, Wednesday (-71,665) Joris
Huysmans, French novelist, died (born 5 February 1848).
24
January 1749, Tuesday (-71,680) Charles
Fox, British statesman was born (died 13 June 1806).
17
January 1749, Tuesday (-71,687)
Vittorio Alfieri, Italian dramatist (died 8 October 1803) was born in Asti,
Piedmont.
13
January 1749, Friday (-71,691)
Friedrich Muller, German poet, was born (died 23 April 1825).
4 January 1749,� Wednesday (-71,700) Charles James Fox, British statesman,
was born.
3 January 1749, Tuesday (-71,701) Benning Wentworth issued the
first of the New Hampshire Grants, leading to the founding of the State of
Vermont.
=====================================================================================
21
December 1748, Wednesday (-71,714)
Ludwig Holty, german poet, was born (died 1 September 1776).
9
December 1748, Friday (-71,726)
Claude Berthollet, French chemist, was born in Talloire, Savoy (died in Arcueil
6 November 1822).
25
November 1748, Friday (-71,740)
English poet Isaac Watts died in London.
11
November 1748, Friday (-71,754)
Charles IV of Spain was born (died 20 January 1819).
19 October 1748, Wednesday (-71,777)
Thomas Lynedoch, British General, was born (died 18 December 1843).
18 October 1748, Tuesday
(-71,778) Peace treaty (Treaty of Aix La Chapelle) signed to end the war of the Austrian Succession.
13
October 1748, Thursday (-71,783)
Johann Fiorillo, German painter, was born (died 10 September 1821)
7
October 1748, Friday (-71,789)
Charles XIII, King of Sweden, was born (died 5 February 1818).
1
October 1746, Saturday (-71,795) John
Muhlenberg, US soldier, was born.
====================================================================================
21
September 1748, Wednesday (-71,805) John
Balguy, English writer, died in Harrogate (born in Sheffield 12 August 1686).
8
September 1749, Thursday (-71,818)
Marie Lamballe, French Royal Family, was born
6
September 1748, Tuesday (-71,820)
Edmund Gibson, English legal writer, died (born 1669).
=================================================================================
30
August 1748, Tuesday (-71,827)
Jacques David, French painter, was born (died 29 December 1825).
27
August 1748, Saturday (-71,830) James
Thomson, Scottish poet, died in Richmond, Surrey.
21
August 1748, Sunday (-71,836)
====================================================================================
20
July 1748, Wednesday (-71,868)
==================================================================================
30 June 1748, Thursday (-71,888) (Cartography)
Jacques Cassini was born (died 18/101845). He completed his father�s map of
France (published 1793), despite difficulties caused by the French Revolution.
22
June 1748, Wednesday (-71,896)
Thomas Day, British author, was born (died 28 September 1789).
7
June 1748, Tuesday (-71,911)
12
May 1748, Thursday (-71,937)
Thomas Lowndes, English politician, died.
7
May 1748, Saturday (-71,942) French
forces captured Maastricht, in the War of the Austrian Succession.
27
April 1748, Wednesday (-71,952)
Pierre Ginguene, French writer, was born (died 11 November 1815).
24
April 1748, Sunday (-71,955) A congress assembled at
Aachen (Aix la Chapelle) with a view to ending the war of the Austrian
Succession, see 18 October 1748).
13 April 1748, Wednesday (-71,966) Joseph Bramah, inventor, was
born.
12 April 1748, Tuesday (-71,967)
Antoine de Jussieu, naturalist, was born (died 17 September 1836).
10
April 1748, Sunday (-71,969) Easter
Sunday.
3
April 1748, Sunday (-71,976) Jean
Burlamaqui, Swiss writer died (born 24 June 1694).
1
April 1748, Friday (-71,978) Ruins
of Pompeii discovered by Spaniard, Rocque Joaquin de Alcubierre. Excavations on
the site of Pompeii began.
===================================================================================
28
March 1748, Monday (-71,982) A fire in the City of London
caused over �1 million damage.
19
March 1748, Saturday (-71,991) Elias
Hicks, US religious writer, was born (died 27 February 1830).
7
March 1748, Monday (-72,003) Pietro
Giannone, Italian historical writer, died (born 7 May 1676).
5
March 1748, Saturday (-72,005)
William Shield, British composer, was born in Swalwell, County Durham (died 25
January 1829 in London)
28
February 1748, Sunday (-72,011) Sir John
Duckworth, British Admiral, was born (died 14 April 1817).
19
February 1748, Friday (-72,020)
Luther Martin, US lawyer, was born (died 10 July 1826).
15
February 1748, Monday (-72,024) Jeremy Bentham was born. He
developed the philosophical doctrine of Utilitarianism.
16
January 1748, Saturday (-72,054) Arnold
Drakenborgh, Dutch scholarly writer, died (born 1 January 1684).
1
January 1748, Friday (-72,069) (Science)
Jean Bernoulli, physicist, died (born in Basel 27 July 1667).
====================================================================================
11 December 1747, Friday (-72,090)
Edmund Curll, English bookseller, died (born 1675).
10 December 1747, Thursday (-72,091) Duncan
Forbes, Scottish statesman, died (born 10 November 1685).
22
November 1747, Sunday (-72,109) Prince William IV of Orange
became Stadtholder of all the United Provinces (Holland).
17
November 1747, Tuesday (-72,114) Alain
le Sage, French novelist and dramatist, died (born 13 December 1668).
25
October 1747, Sunday (-72,137) The Second Battle of Cape Finisterre, in the War of the Austrian Succession.
19
October 1747, Monday (-72,143) (Christian)
David Brainerd, US missionary to the Indians, died in Northampton,
Massachusetts (born in Haddam, Connecticut 20 April 1718).
1
October 1747, Thursday (-72,161)
====================================================================================
28
September 1746, Monday (-72,164) Sir
William Jones, English orientalist writer, was born (died 27 April 1794).
9
September 1747, Wednesday (-72,183) Johann
Mosheim, German religious writer, died.
1
August 1747, Saturday (-72,222) After
the Jacobite Rebellion, the British Parliament banned the wearing of tartan, on
pain of prison, to suppress the cultural identity of the Highlands.
19
July 1747, Sunday (-72,235) The
battle of Assietta. The troops of Charles Emmanuel III of Piedmont halted the
advance on Turin by a Franco-Spanish force, during the War of the Austrian
Succession.
9
July 1747, Thursday (-72,245)
Giovanni Bononcini, composer, died.
6
July 1747, Monday (-72,248) John
Jones, US naval� officer, was born (died
18 July 1792).
2
July 1747, Thursday (-72,252) Battle of Lauffeld, Germany, War of the Austrian Succession. The
French under Marshal Saxe defeated an allied Austrian and British army under
Cumberland.
====================================================================================
26
June 1746, Friday (-72,258) Jean
Maury, writer and Archbishop of Paris, was born.
16
June 1747, Tuesday (-72,268) The Battle of Piacenza.
10
June 1747, Wednesday (-72,274) (India)
Nadir Shah was assassinated by a bodyguard.
28
May 1747, Thursday (-72,287)
Francois Laumont, mineralogist, was born (died 1 June 1834).
20
May 1747, Wednesday (-72,295) (Medical)
British naval surgeon James Lind began an investigation to determine the cause
of scurvy. He discovered that oranges and lemons were a good cure.
14
May 1747, Thursday (-72,301) The First Battle of Cape Finisterre,
in the War of the Austrian Succession.
5 May 1747, Tuesday
(-72,310) Holy Roman Emperor Leopold II was born.
9
April 1747, Thursday (-72,336) Scottish Jacobite Lord Lovat
was executed by beheading at the Tower of London for High Treason.� He was the last person to be executed this
way in Britain.� Only persons of high
rank were beheaded; lesser persons were hanged. After this date, all were
hanged. Hanging, drawing, and quartering for treason was not abolished until
1870.
2
April 1747, Thursday(-72,343)
Johann Dillen, English botanist, died (born 1684).
====================================================================================
23
March 1747, Monday (-72,353) (France)
Claude Bonneval, French adventurer, died in Constantinople (born 14 July 1675).
14
March 1747, Saturday (-72,362)
Aleksander Bezborodko, Grand Chancellor of Russia, was born in Gluchova (died
in St Petersburg 6 April 1799).
7
March 1747, Saturday (-72,369)
William Coxe, English historical writer, was born (died 8 June 1828).
22
February 1747, Sunday (-72,382) Timothy
Dexter, US merchant, was born (died 26 October 1806).
11
February 1747, Wednesday (-72,393) A combined force of French
and American Indians under Captain Coulon de Villiers attacked the British at
Grand Pre, Nova Scotia.
31
January 1747, Saturday (-72,404) The first venereal disease
clinic opened at London Lock Hospital.
19 January 1747, Monday (-72,416)
Johann Bode, German astronomer, was born in Hamburg (died in Berlin 23 November
1826).
18 January 1747, Sunday (-72,417) John
Gillies, Scottish historical writer, was born (died 15 February 1836)
16 January 1747, Friday (-72,419) Barthold Brockes, German poet, died (born
22 September 1680).
11
January 1747, Sunday (-72,424) Francois
la Rochefoucauld-Liancourt, French statesman, was born (died 27 March 1827).
4
January 1747, Sunday (-72,431)
Dominique Denon, French artist, was born (died 27 April 1825).
===================================================================================
31
December 1746, Wednesday (-72,435)
27
November 1746, Thursday (-72,469)
Robert Livingston, US statesman, was born (died 26 February 1813).
15
November 1746, Saturday (-72,481) Jean
Dugazon, French actor, was born (died 1809).
12
November 1746, Wednesday (-72,484)
Jacques Charles, mathematician, was born (died 7 April 1823).
1
November 1746, Saturday (-72,495) Henry
Erskine, Lord Advocate of Scotland, was born (died 8 October 1817).
28
October 1746, Tuesday (-72,499) An
earthquake destroyed the towns of Lima and Callao in Peru.
22
October 1746, Wednesday (-72,505) College of New Jersey was
founded.� It later became Princeton
University, in 1896.
====================================================================================
29 September 1746, Monday (-72,528) Ernst
Gerber, German musical writer, was born (died 30 June 1819).
28 September 1746, Sunday (-72,529) William
Jones, writer on the Orient, was born in London.
20
September 1746, Saturday (-72,537) Prince Charles Edward escaped
capture by dressing as a girl and sailing to France on the ship L�Heureux.
15
September 1746, Monday (-72,542)
Pierre Desforges, French dramatist, was born (died 13 August 1806).
3
September 1746, Wednesday (-72,554)
Friedrich Gotter, German poet, was born (died 18 March 1797).
19
August 1746, Tuesday (-72,569) (France) Marie du Barry, mistress of King Louis
XV, was born (executed 7 December 1793).
18
August 1746, Monday (-72,570) Two rebellious Scottish Jacobite Lords, the earl of Kilmarnock and
Lord Balmeniro, were beheaded at
the Tower of London.
1
August 1746, Friday (-72,587) England passed the Dress Act,
banning the wearing of Scottish Highland Dress, including the kilt, from 1
August 1747.� This was an attempt to
suppress Scottish Highland culture.
25 July 1746, Friday (-72,594) The French won a major naval
victory at Negapatam, allowing them to capture Madras.
9
July 1746, Wednesday (-72,610) Philip V, King of Spain,
died, insane, aged 62. He reigned for 46 years. He was succeeded by his son,
Ferdinand VI.
3
July 1746, Thursday (-72,616)
Henry Grattan, Irish statesman, was born (died 6 June 1820).
=====================================================================================
14
June 1746, Saturday (-72,635) Colin
MacLaurin, Scottish mathematician, died.
21
May 1746, Wednesday (-72,659)
Mary Cork, daughter of 1st Viscount Galway, was born (died 30 May 1840).
10
May 1746, Saturday (-72,670)
Gaspard Monge, inventor of descriptive geometry, was born (died 28 July 1818).
21
April 1746, Monday (-72,689)
James Malmesbury, English statesman, was born (died 21 November 1820).
16 April 1746, Wednesday (-72,694) Bonnie Prince Charlie and his 5,000 Jacobite soldiers were
decisively defeated at Culloden, near Inverness, by the Duke of Cumberland and an army of 9,000 regulars. Fought
on flat ground, the battle gave the advantage to Cumberland�s latest artillery.
This ended the Jacobite Rebellion and
the hopes of the Stuart dynasty of any return to power in Britain. On 27
June 1746 Charles escaped over the sea to Skye, disguised as the Irish maid
Betty Burke, with Flora MacDonald.� In
Scotland, the Highlanders were disarmed and forbidden to wear their tartan
kilts. The hereditary jurisdiction of the Highland Chiefs over their clans was
abolished. This was the last battle fought in Britain.
6
April 1746, Sunday (-72,704)
Christian VI of Denmark died aged 47. He was succeeded by his son, 23,
Frederick V.
==================================================================================
30
March 1746,Sunday �(-72,711)
Easter Sunday. Francisco de Goya, Spanish painter, was born in Fuendetodos,
near Saragosa, son of a master gilder.
27
March 1746, Thursday
(-72,714) Michael Bruce, Scottish poet, was born (died 5 July 1767).
20 March 1746, Thursday (-72,721) Nicolas Largilliere, French
painter, died (born 20 October 1656).
18
March 1746, Tuesday
(-72,723) George Harris, British General, was born (died 5/1829).
7 March 1746, Friday (-72,734) Andre Michaux, French botanical
writer, was born (died 16 November 1802).
28 February 1746, Friday (-72,741) Hermann Hardt, German historical writer, died
(born 15 November 1660).
27 February 1746, Thursday (-72,742) Louis Gohier, French politician, was born
(died 29 May 1830).
8
February 1746, Saturday
(-72,761) Thomas Chubb, religious writer, died (born 29 September 1679).
25 January 1746, Saturday (-72,775) Stephanie Genlis, French writer, was born
(died 31 December 1830).
24 January 1746, Friday (-72,776) Gustavus
III, King of Sweden, was born.
17
January 1746, Friday (-72,783) At the Battle of Falkirk, Charles and the Jacobites defeated the English
under General Hawley, see 16 April 1746. This was the last Jacobite success.
12 January 1746, Sunday (-72,788) Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi,
promoter of education for the poor, was born in Zurich.
8 January 1746, Wednesday (-72,792)
Bonnie Prince Charlie occupied Stirling.
7 January 1746, Tuesday (-72,793) George Keith, Briitsh
Admiral, was born (died 10 March 1823).
=====================================================================================
25
December 1745, Wednesday
(-72,806) The Peace of Dresden concluded the Second Silesian War.� Frederick of Prussia retained Silesia, and
recognised Francis as ruler of Austria.
19 December 1745, Thursday (-72,812) Etienne Fourmont, French writer on the
Orient, died (born 23 June 1683).
18 December 1745, Wednesday (-72,813) Battle of Clifton Moor.� The
Jacobites won a victory over the English at Penrith.
15
December 1745, Sunday (-72,816) Frederick invaded Bohemia,
and occupied most of Saxony.� On this day
his chief general, Leopold of Anhalt-Dessau, defeated the Austrians and Saxons
at Kesselsdorf, near Dresden.
12 December 1745, Thursday (-72,819)
John Jay, US statesman,was born (died 17 May 1829).
10 December 1745, Tuesday (-72,821) Thomas Holcroft, English writer, was born
(died 23 March 1809).
9 December 1745, Monday (-72,822) Claude Fournier, French Revolutionary, was
born (died 1825).
7
December 1745, Saturday (-72,824)
5 December 1745, Thursday (-72,826) Jean Epremesnil, French magistrate, was
born (died 22 April 1794).
4 December 1745,
Wednesday (-72,827)
Marching south, Charles�s forces reached Derby. However they were faced there
by the superior forces of General Wade and William Augustus, Duke of
Cumberland. The Jacobite army retreated, to be finally defeated at Culloden (16
April 1746).
16 November 1745,
Saturday (-72,845) William Broome, English poet, died (born 3
May 1689).
9 November 1745,
Saturday (-72,852) Battle of Carlisle, Jacobite Rebellion. The
Young Pretender, Charles Edawrd Stuart (Bonny Prince Charlie), defeated the
Duke of Cumberland.
31 October 1745,
Thursday (-72,861) Charles led his 5,000-strong army into England hoping, in vain, for
popular support.� Not gaining this, he
returned to Scotland.
19
October 1745, Saturday (-72,873)
Satirist Jonathan Swift, author of Gulliver�s
Travels, died aged 77.
=====================================================================================
28
September 1745. Saturday (-72,894) The National Anthem God
save the King was first played at the Drury lane Theatre, London.
21
September 1745. Saturday (-72,901) Bonnie Prince Charlie (Charles Stuart) and his Jacobite army defeated the English under
Sir John Cope at the Battle of Prestonpans.�
16 September 1745, Monday (-72,906) Mikhail Kutusov, Russian
Field Marshal, was born (died 25 March 1813).
13 September 1745, Friday (-72,909)
Francis I became Holy Roman Emperor.
11 September 1745. Wednesday (-72,911)
The Jacobites under the Young Pretender
occupied Edinburgh, with 2,000 men.
9
September 1745, Monday (-72,913)
Marie Antoinette became the official mistress of Louis XV, and was installed as
such in Versailles.
==================================================================================
20 August 1745, Tuesday (-72,933)
Francis Asbury, US clergyman, was born (died 31 March 1816)
19 August 1745, Monday (-72,934) To claim the English throne,
Prince Charles raised his father�s flag at Glenfinnan, after travelling from
France.
5
August 1745, Monday (-72,948)
26 July 1745. Friday (-72,958) The
first recorded women�s cricket match took place at Gosden Common near
Guildford. Hambledon Village played nearby Bramley.
25 July 1745, Thursday (-72,959) (Britain)
Prince Charles (Edward Stuart), the Young Pretender,
landed in Scotland. He proclaimed his father as King James VIII of
Scotland and James III of England. Highland clans rose in support of him.
11
July 1745, Thursday (-72,973)
Pierre Desmaiseaux, French writer, died.
2
July 1745, Tuesday (-72,982) (Britain)
Sir Robert Calder, British Admiral, was born (died 31 August 1818).
=====================================================================================
16
June 1745, Sunday (-72,998) The
British took Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia, from the French, then also
captured the fortress of Louisberg, at the mouth of the St Lawrence River.
4
June 1745, Tuesday (-73,010) The Austrians attacked
Silesia, allied with troops from Saxony,�
but were defeated by Prussia at Hohenfriedburg.
26
May 1745, Sunday (-73,019) Jonathan
Edwards, philosophical writer, was born (died 1 August 1801).
11
May 1745, Saturday (-73,034) (Benelux,
Britain,
France)The
Battle of Fontenoy took place in Belgium, during the War of the Austrian
Succession. Marshal de Saxe won a French
victory over British and Allied forces during the War of the Austrian Succession. William Augustus, Duke of
Cumberland, had been sent with Austrian, British, Dutch and Hanoverian troops
to relieve Tournai, Belgium, under siege by the French. Cumberland�s army was
beaten back with casualties of 7,000 and forced to retreat during the night
towards Brussels. The British suffered further setbacks in Flanders and as
troops were called back to fight the Young Pretender, Charles Edward Stuart.
The British made peace with France at Aix la Chapelle in 1748.
22
April 1745, Monday (-73,054)
Lindley Murray, writer, was born (died 16 January 1826).
20 April 1745, Saturday (-73,056) (Christian) Nathanael Emmons, US clergyman, was
born (died 23 September 1840).
19 April 1745, Friday (-73,057)
Oliver Ellsworth, US politician, was born (died 27 November 1807).
14
April 1745, Sunday (-73,061) Easter Sunday.
====================================================================================
25
March 1745, Monday (-73,081) Jacques
Boutet, French dramatist, was born.
18
March 1745, Monday (-73,088) Sir Robert Walpole, British Whig Prime Minister from 1721 to 1742
died in London. He had been created the Earl of Orford.
4
March 1745, Monday (-73,102)
Charles Dibdin, British composer, was born in Southampton (died 25 July 1814 in
London)
18
February 1745, Monday (-73,116) Alessandro Volta, Italian scientist, was born in
Como.
2
February 1745, Saturday (-73,132) Hannah
More, English religious writer, was born (died 7 September 1833).
20
January 1745, Sunday (-73,145) Death of Frederick II of
Prussia.
16
January 1745, Wednesday (-73,149)
Antonio Cavanilles, painter, was born (died 4 May 1804).
7
January 1745, Monday (-73,158)
Johann Fabricius, Danish scientific writer, was born (died 3 March 1808).
4
January 1745, Friday (-73,161)
Johann Griesbach, German Biblical writer, was born (died 24 March 1812).
1
January 1745, Tuesday (-73,164)
====================================================================================
25
December 1744, Tuesday (-73,171)
8
December 1744, Saturday (-73,188) (France) Marie Chateauroux, mistress to King
Louis XV of France, died (born 1717).
30
November 1744, Friday (-73,196) Karl
Knebel, German poet, was born (died 23 February 1834).
4
November 1744, Sunday (-73,222) Jean
Bernoulli, mathematician, was born (died 13 July 1807).
31
October 1744, Wednesday (-73,226) Leonardo
Leo, Italian composer, died (5 August 1694).
4
October 1744, Thursday (-73,253)
Juan Masdeu, Spanish historical writer, was born (died 11 April 1817).
===================================================================================
22
September 1744, Saturday (-73,265) (France)
Claude Fauchet, French Revolutionary Bishop, was born (died 30 October 1793).
25 August 1744, Saturday (-73,293) Johann Herder, German writer, was born
(died 18 December 1803).
23 August 1744, Thursday (-73,295) Rowland Hill, English religious writer,
was born (died 11 April 1833).
19
August 1744, Sunday (-73,299) John
Brand, English antiquarian and writer, was born in Washington, Durham (died
1806).
1
August 1744, Wednesday (-73,317) The Chevalier de Lamarck,
naturalist, was born.
27
July 1744, Friday (-73,322)
Gerard Lake, British General, was born (died 20 February 1808).
19 July 1744, Thursday (-73,330) Heinrich Boie, German author, was born in
Meldorf (died in Meldorf 3 March 1806).
17 July 1744, Tuesday (-73,392) Elbridge Gerry, US statesman, was born
(died 23 November 1814).
===================================================================================
4
June 1744, Monday (-73,375)
Jeremy Belknap, US author, was born in Boston (died in Boston 20 June 1798).
31 May 1744, Thursday (-73,379)
Richard Edgeworth, British writer, was born (died 13 June 1817).
30 May 1744, Wednesday (-73,380)
English poet Alexander Pope died in Twickenham, near London.
24
May 1744, Thursday (-73,386) The Baltic Exchange in London
was founded, as the marketplace where marine cargo rates were fixed. On this
day the Daily Post announced that a
coffee house in Threadneedle Street was changing its name from the Maryland
Coffee House to the Virginia and Baltick Coffee House, and would act as an
exchange point for news and post for sea captains engaged in North Atlantic cargo.
25
April 1744, Wednesday (-73,415) Anders Celsius, Swedish
astronomer who devised the Centigrade temperature scale in 1742, died.
======================================================================================
26 March 1744, Monday (-73,445)
Thomas Favras, French Royalist, was born (executed 19 February 1790).
25 March 1744, Sunday (-73,446) Easter Sunday.
13
March 1744, Tuesday (-73,458)
3
March 1744, Saturday (-73,468) Jean
Barbeyrac, French legal writer, died (born in Beziers, Languedoc, 15 March 1674).
29
February 1744, Wednesday (-73,471)
John Theophilus Desaguliers, philosopher, died
20
February 1744, Monday (-73,480) Sir
William Cornwallis, British Admiral, was born (died 5 July 1819).
14
February 1744, Tuesday (-73,486) (Science)
Joseph Hadley, optician who invented the reflecting octant, ancestor of the
sextant, died in East Barnet in Hertfordshire.
10
February 1744, Friday (-73,490)
William Mitford, English historian, was born (died 10 February 1827).
6
February 1744, Monday (-73,494)
Pierre Desault, French surgeon, was born (died 1 June 1795).
26
January 1744, Thursday (-73,505)
Ludwig Khevenhuller, Austrian Field Marshal, died.
20
January 1744, Friday (-73,511)
Giambattista Vico, Italian historical writer, died in Naples.
10
January 1744, Tuesday (-73,521)
Thomas Mifflin, US politician, was born (died 20 January 1800).
5
January 1744, Thursday (-73,526)
Gaspar Jovellanos, Spanish author, was born (died 27 November 1811).
====================================================================================
7
December 1743, Wednesday (-73,555)
Johann Eschenburg, German historical writer, was born (died 29 February 1820).
18
November 1743, Friday (-73,574)
Johannes Ewald, Danish poet, was born (died 17 March 1781).
10
October 1743, Monday (-73,613)
Marie Guimard, French dancer, was born (died1816).
4
October 1743, Tuesday (-73,619)
Henry Carey, poet, died.
===================================================================================
22
September 1743, Thursday (-73,633)
Quintin Crauford, British author, was born (died 23 November 1819).
17
September 1743, Saturday (-73,636) Marie
Condorcet, French Revolutionary, was born (died 1794).
14
September 1743, Wednesday (-73,639) Nicolas
Lancret, French painter, died (born 22 January 1660).
3
September 1743, Saturday (-73,650) (Germany) Johann Archenholz, German historian,
was born in Langfuhr, Danzig (died 28 February 1812 at Oyendorf, Hamburg).
27 August 1743, Saturday (-73,657) Henry Pelham took up office
as Prime Minister.
26 August 1743, Friday (-73,658) Antoine Lavoisier, French
founder of modern chemistry, was born in Paris.
19
August 1743, Friday (-73,665) Comtesse du Barry, the last
mistress of Louis XV, was born in Vancouleurs as Marie Jeanne Becu, daughter of
a dressmaker.
16
August 1743, Tuesday (-73,668) The earliest prize-ring code
of boxing was drawn up in England by champion fighter Jack Boughton.
7 August 1743, Sunday (-73,677) (Finland) As a
consequence of the peace negotiations between Sweden and Russia (began 23
January 1743) Sweden ceded control of south-east Finland, east of the River
Kymi (Kymmene) to Russia.
5 August 1743, Friday (-73,679) John Hervey, English writer, died (born 13
October 1696)
1
August 1743, Monday (-73,683)
Richard Savage, English writer, died.
====================================================================================
27
June 1743, Monday (-73,718) The Battle of Dettingen. The last battle in which a British
monarch commanded an army on the battlefield. George II defeated the French at
the Battle of Dettingen, in Bavaria, during the War of Austrian Succession.
20
June 1743, Monday (-73,725) Anna
Barbauld, English poet, was born in Kibworth Harcourt, Leicestershire (died 9
March 1825).
17
June 1743, Friday (-73,728) John
Lowell, US jurist, was born (died 6 May 1802).
13 June 1743, Monday (-73,732) Francis Dana, US jurist, was born (died 25
April 1811).
11 June 1743, Saturday (-73,734) Robert Hamilton, Scottish economics writer,
was born (died 1829).
8
June 1743, Wednesday (-73,737) (Italy) Alessandro Cagliostro, Italian alchemist and
impostor, was born (died 1795).
24 May 1743, Tuesday (-73,752)
Jean Paul Marat, French revolutionary, was born (died 13 July 1793).
23 May 1743, Monday (-73,753)
Thomas Archer, Engloish baroque architect, died.
21
May 1743, Saturday (-73,755) Bryan
Edwards, British historical writer, was born (died 7/1800).
24
April 1743, Sunday (-73,782) Edward Cartwright, inventor of the power loom in 1785, was born at Marnham,
Nottinghamshire.
18
April 1743, Monday (-73,788)
James Blair, US cleric, died� (born
1656).
13 April 1743, Wednesday (-73,793)
Thomas Jefferson, 3rd American President, was born in Shadwell,
Virginia, son of a civil engineer.
11 April 1743, Monday (-73,795) Jose del Campillo, Spanish statesman, died
(born 1695).
4 April 1743, Monday (-73,802) (Arts)
Robert Ainsworth, English writer, died in London (born 1660 in Eccles,
Manchester).
3 April 1743, Sunday (-73,803) Easter
Sunday.
=====================================================================================
28
February 1743, Monday (-73,837) Rene
Hauy, French mineralogist, was born (died 3 June 1822).
23
February 1743, Wednesday (-73,842) Meyer Rothschild, founder of
the banking dynasty, was born in Germany.
13
February 1743, Sunday (-73,852) (Biology)
Sir Joseph Banks, naturalist, was born in Argyle Street, London (died in
Isleworth, 19 June 1820),
8
February 1743, Tuesday (-73,857)
Battle of Campo Santo, War of the Austrian Succession, Inconclusive fight
between Spain, under Moertemar, and the Imperialists under Count Traum.
29
January 1743, Saturday (-73,867) Andre
Fleury, French statesman, died (born 22 June 1653).
25 January 1743, Tuesday (-73,871) Friedrich Jacobi, German philosophical
writer, was born (died 10 March 1819).
23 January 1743, Sunday (-73,873) (Russia, Sweden) Russia
and Sweden began negotiations to end their conflict.
21 January 1743, Friday (-78,875) (Maritime)
John Fitch, US pioneer of steam navigation, was born (died 2 July 1798).
5
January 1743, Wednesday (-78,891)
Welsh Calvinistic Methodists under George Whitefield�s leadership formed the
first Methodist Association.
=====================================================================================
26
December 1742, Sunday (-73,901) Ignaz
Born, Austrian mineralogist, was born in Transylvania (died 1791).
23
December 1743, Thursday (-73,904)
Theophile la Tour, French soldier, was born (died 27 June 1800).
16
December 1742, Thursday (-73,911)
Gebhard Blucher, Prussian General, was born in Silesia (died in Silesia 12
September 1819).
1
December 1743, Wednesday (-73,926)
Martin Klaproth, german chemistry writer, was born (died1 January 1817).
24
November 1742, Wednesday (-73,933)
Antonio de Capmany, Spanish scholarly writer, was born (died14 November 1813).
27 October 1742, Wednesday (-73,961) Nicholas
Amhurst, English poet, died in Twickenham (born 16 October 1697 in Marden, Kent).
26 October 1742, Tuesday (-73,962) Charles
Dupuis, French scientific writer, was born (died 29 September 1809).
====================================================================================
18
September 1742, Saturday (-74,000) Jean
Massilon, French religious writer, died (born 24 June 1663).
7
August 1742, Saturday (-74,042)
Nathanael Greene, US General, was born (died 19 June 1786).
29 July 1742, Thursday (-74,051)
Armand kersaint, French politician, was born (executed 4 December 1793).
28 July 1742, Wednesday (-74,052) Maria Theresa of Austria made
peace with Prussia; ceding control of all of Silesia to Prussia.
14
July 1742, Wednesday (-74,066)
Richard Bentley, English scholar and writer, died (born near Wakefield 27
January 1662).
11
July 1742, Sunday (-74,069) A Papal Bull condemned Jesuit
tolerance of Confucianism in China.
1
July 1742, Thursday (-74,079)
Georg Lichtenberg, German writer, was born.
=====================================================================================
17
June 1742, Thursday (-74,093) (Britain)
Nathan Bailey, English lexicographer, died. His work formed the basis for Dr
Johnson�s famous writing.
11
June 1742, Friday (-74,099) The Peace of Breslau concluded the First Silesian
War.� Austria
ceded most of Silesia along with Glatz to Prussia, retaining only the principalities of
Troppau and Teschen.� In return Frederick
promised his neutrality.
28
May 1742, Friday (-74,113) The first indoor swimming
pool in England opened in London. The entrance fee was one guinea.
17
May 1742, Monday (-74,124) The Prussian cavalry defeated
the Austrians at the Battle of Chotusitz.
13
May 1742, Thursday (-74,128)
Manasseh Cutler, US statesman, was born (died 28 July 1823).
18 April 1742, Sunday (-74,153) Easter
Sunday.
17 April 1742, Saturday (-74,154) Arvid
Horn, Swedish statesman, died (born 6 April 1664).
13
April 1742, Tuesday (-74,158) The performance of Handel�s Messiah in Dublin marked the climax of
his popularity.
2
April 1742, Friday (-74,169)
James Douglas, physicist, died.
====================================================================================
8
February 1742, Monday (-74,222) Sir Robert Walpole left
office as Prime Minister.
26
January 1742, Tuesday (-74,235)
Arthir Middleton, US politician, was born (died 1 January 1787).
14
January 1742. Thursday (-74,247) Astronomer-Royal Edmond Halley died at Greenwich aged 85.
=====================================================================================
21
December 1741, Monday (-74,271) Bernard
de Montfaucon, French writer, died (born 13 January 1655).
19
December 1741, Saturday (-74,273) Vitus Bering, Danish born
explorer of Russia, who gave his name to the Bering Strait and Bering Sea, died
of scurvy on Bering Island after being shipwrecked. On earlier expeditions he
had mapped the Bering Strait and much of the coast of Siberia.
6
December 1741, Sunday (-74,286) (Russia)
Elizabeth Petrovna became Empress of Russia in a coup.
15
November 1741, Sunday (-74,307) Johann
Lavater, German poet, was born (died 2 January 1801).
12
November 1742, Thursday (-74,310) Friedrich
Hoffmann, German medical writer, died (born 19 February 1660)
30
October 1741, Friday (-74,323)
Angelica Kauffman, French painter, was born.
19 October 1741, Monday (-74,334)
David Garrick, English actor, made his debut in London as Richard III.
18 October 1741, Sunday (-74,335) French
novelist Pierre Choderlos de Laclos was born in Amiens.
11
October 1741, Sunday (-74,342) James
Barry, English painter, was born in Cork (died 22 February 1806).
8 October 1741,
Thursday (-74,345) Vasquez Cadalso, Spanish
author, was born (killed at the siege of Gibraltar 27 February 1782).
4
October 1741, Sunday
(-74,349) Edmond Malone, Irish literary writer, was born (died 25 April 1812).
=====================================================================================
11 September 1741,
Friday (-74,372) Johann Engel, German author,
was born (died 28 June 1802).
3
September 1741, Thursday
(-74,380) Owen Jones, Welsh historian, was born (died 26 December 1814).
31 August 1741,
Monday (-74,383) Johann
Heineccius, German legal writer, died (born 11 September 1681).
22
August 1741, Saturday
(-74,392) Jean Francoise la Perouse, French navigator, was born.
28
July 1741, Tuesday (-74,417) Antonio Vivaldi, Italian
composer, notably of The Four Seasons, died in Vienna.
15
July 1741, Wednesday (-74,430) (USA)
The first Europeans landed on the coast of Alaska. A Russian expedition led by
Vitus Bering began exploration there.
====================================================================================
25 June 1741, Thursday (-74,450)
John Lnngdon, US statesman, was born (died 18 September 1819).
24 June 1741, Wednesday (-74,451) (Arts)
Alexander Adam, Scottish writer (died 18 December 1809) was born near Forres.
25
May 1741, Monday (-64,481) Daniel
Jablonski, German religious writer, died (born 20 November 1660).
17
May 1741, Sunday (-64,489)
Barthelemy Faujas, French geological writer, was born (died 18 July 1819).
17
April 1741, Friday (-74,519)
Samuel Chase, US jurist, was born (died 19 June 1811).
11 April 1741, Saturday (-74,525) Johann
Merck, German author, was born (died 27 June 1791).
10 April 1741,
Friday (-74,526)
The German Emperor crossed the Silesian frontier, advanced as far as Breslau,
and this day defeated an Austrian Army near Mollwitz.� This was during
the War of the Austrian Succession.
====================================================================================
31 March 1741, Tuesday (-74,536) Pieter Burmann, Dutch scholarly writer,
died (born 1668).
29 March 1741, Sunday (-74,538)
Easter Sunday.
17
March 1741, Tuesday (-74,550)
Jean-Baptiste Rousseau, poet, died.
13 March 1741,
Friday (-74,554)
Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor, was born.
9 March 1741,
Monday (-74,558)
British Admiral Edward Vernon began an assault on the Spanish city of
Cartagena, in modern-day Colombia.
21 February 1741,
Saturday (-74,574) The
agricultural pioneer Jethro Tull,
who invented the seed drill around 1701, died near Hungerford, Berkshire, aged
67. He was inspired to develop the seed drill by the pipes of the church organ
he played on Sundays. He also pioneered crop rotation, developing a new hoe for
planting turnips between the grain crops; turnips meant winter feed, so more
manure, so more fertile soil that didn�t need a whole year fallow to recover.
16
February 1741, Monday
(-74,579) Benjamin Franklin, USA, began publication of his General
Magazine.
13 February 1741,
Friday (-74,582) In the House of Commons, Sir
Robert Walpole first used the phrase �Balance of Power� to describe Britain�s
approach to foreign policy.
8 February 1741. Sunday (-74,587) Neisse and Brieg still held out
but the Prussians stormed and occupied Glogau on 9 March 1741. At the Battle of
Mollwitz, 10 April 1741, the Prussians narrowly won the day. Europe realised that Prussia was now a major
military power and France sent an envoy, Marshal Belleisle, to negotiate
an alliance with Frederick.� The �Silesian adventure� now became the War of the Austrian Succession.
France supported the Elector of Bavaria. Sweden was supposed to stop Russia attacking Prussia but on 3
September 1742 the Swedes were heavily defeated by the Russians at
Wilmanstrand, and Sweden capitulated in 1742 at Helsingfors, the Swedish
capital. At the Peace of Dresden, 25 December 1745 Frederick recognised the
Elector of Bavaria as ruler of Austria in return for his acquiring Silesia. The
war of the Austrian Succession ended on 18 October 1748 with the Peace of
Aachen (Aix la Chapelle).
7 February 1741, Saturday (-74,588) Henry Fuseli, Swiss-German painter, was
born (died 16 April 1825).
31 January 1741, Saturday (-74,595) Theodor Hippel, German writer, was born
(died 23 April 1796)
14 January 1741, Wednesday (-74,612) (USA)
Benedict Arnold, US soldier, was born in Norwich, Connecticut (died 14 June 1801
in London, England).
===================================================================================
20 December 1740, Saturday (-74,637) Arthur Lee, US diplomat, was born (died 12
December 1792).
16 December 1740.
Tuesday (-74,641) Without
a declaration of war. Frederick II of Prussia invaded Silesia, an Austrian
province. He occupied Silesia quite easily, besieging the few towns of
Glogau, Breig, and Neisse still held by the Austrians. In February 1741 Austria
prepared to reconquer Silesia.
24 November 1740,
Monday (-74,663) John Bacon, sculptor, was
born in Southwark (died 4 August 1799 in London)
3
November 1740, Monday
(-74,684) Whitechapel Hospital, London, opened.
31 October 1740,
Friday (-74,687) Philip de Loutherberg,
English artist, was born (died 11 March 1812).
28 October 1740,
Tuesday (-74,690)
James Boswell, Scottish diarist and biographer of Samuel Johnson, was born.
22 October 1740, Wednesday (-74,696) Sir Philip Francis, English politician,
was born (died 23 December 1818).
20 October 1740, Monday (-74,698) (Germany,
Austria)
Emperor Charles VI died unexpectedly. Maria Theresa, aged 23, became ruler of
Austria. Frederick II of Prussia, taking advantage of Austria having a young
female ruler, prepared to invade the wealthy Austrian province of Silesia. Meanwhile Bavaria and Saxony also had claims on
Austrian lands (their claims supported by France), and Spain wanted the Italian
provinces of Austria. Hungary supported Austria.
5 October 1740,
Sunday (-74,713) (Germany)
Johann Baratier, German scholar of precocious genius, died (born in Schwabach
near Nuremberg 10 January 1721).
=====================================================================================
12
September 1740, Friday
(-74,736) Johann Jung, German author, was born (died 2 April 1817).
2 September 1740,
Tuesday (-74,746) Johann Jacobi, German poet,
was born (died 1814).
26 August 1740,
Tuesday (-74,753)
Joseph-Michel Montgolfier,
pioneer balloonist, was born in Annonay, France. He and his brother got the
idea for hot air balloons by filling paper bags with smoke from a fire and
watching them rise to the ceiling.
15 August 1740,
Friday (-74,764) Matthias Claudius, German
poet, was born (died 21 January 1815).
14 August 1740, Thursday (-74,765) Pope Pius
X was born.
10 August 1740,
Sunday (-74,769) Samuel Arnold, English composer, was born in
London (died 22 October 1802 in London).
1 August 1740,
Friday (-74,778)
Rule Britannia, written by Scotsman James Thomson, with music by Londoner
Thomas Arne, was heard for the first time, at the Prince of Wales� country home
at Cliveden.
2 July 1740,
Wednesday (-74,808) (Britain)
Thomas Baker, English antiquary, died� (born
in Lanchester, Durham, 14 September 1656).
======================================================================================
6
June 1740, Friday
(-74,834) Louis Mercier, French writer, was born (died 25 April 1814).
2 June 1740, Monday (-74,838) Birth
of Marquis de Sade, French writer who was imprisoned in the Bastille for his
sexual perversions.
31 May 1740, Saturday (-74,840) Frederick William I of Prussia died aged
51. He had made his country into a significant military power with a standing
army of 83,000 men. He was succeeded by his 28-year old son, Frederick II, who
then occupied part of Silesia, starting a war with Austria.
28 May 1740,
Wednesday (-74,843)
Mahmud I, ruler of Turkey, agreed to respect Christian rights in the Holy Land.
15 May 1740,
Thursday (-74,857) Ephraim Chambers, English
encyclopaedist, died.
2 May 1740,
Friday (-74,869) Elias Boudinot, US
revolutionary leader, was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (died in
Burlington, New Jersey, 24 October 1821).
6 April 1740,
Sunday (-74,895) Easter Sunday.
====================================================================================
18 March 1740,
Tuesday (-74,914) Jean Houdon, French
sculptor, was born (died 16 July 1828).
17
February 1740, Sunday
(-74,944) Birth of meteorologist Horace Benedict de Saussure, inventor of
the cyanometer, a device for measuring the blueness of the sky.
11
February 1740, Monday
(-74,950) Pierre Malouet, French writer, was born (died 7 September 1814).
8 February 1740, Friday (-74,953) The
great frost of London ended. It had begun on 24 December 1739.
6 February 1740, Wednesday (-74,955) Pope Clement XII (246th� Pope) died. Pope Benedict XIV (247th� Pope),�
acceded, formerly Cardinal Prospero Lambertini, died 1758.
4 February 1740, Monday (-74,957) Karl Bellman, Swedish poet, was born in
Stockholm (died 11 February 1795).
8 January 1740,
Tuesday (-74,984)
=====================================================================================
31 December 1739,
Monday (-74,992)
20 November 1739, Tuesday
(-75,033) Jean la Harpe, French writer, was born (died 11 February 1803).
19 November 1739, Monday (-75,034) First
performance in Paris of
8 November 1739,
Thursday (-75,045) Vasily Dolgoruki, Russian
politician, was executed (born 1672).
2 November 1739,
Friday (-75,051) Karl Dittersdorf, Austrian
composer, was born (died 1 October 1799).
24 October 1739,
Wednesday (-75,060) Mansion House, London, was
founded.
19 October 1739,
Friday (-75,065)
The War of Jenkins Ear began. In 1738 Captain Jenkins alleged that
whilst in the Caribbean his ship had been boarded by the Spanish, one of whom
had cut off one of his ears. In October 1739 Lord Anson was despatched with a
naval squadron to wreak revenge. The real cause of the war between England and
Spain was a border dispute over Florida.
17 October 1739,
Wednesday (-75,067)
The Foundling Hospital (now Coram), the UK�s first dedicated children�s
charity, was created by a Royal Charter of King George II.
====================================================================================
14 September 1739,
Friday (-75,100) Pierre Dupont, French
statesman, was born (died 6 August 1817).
3
September 1739, Monday
(-75,111) George Lillo, English dramatist, died (born 4 February 1693).
26 July 1739,
Thursday (-75,150) George Clinton, US
political leader, was born (died 20 April 1812).
====================================================================================
4 June 1739,
Monday (-75,202) Johann Beckman, German
scientific author, was born in Hoya (died 3 February 1811).
22 May 1739,
Tuesday (-75,215)
22 April 1739,
Sunday (-75,245) Easter Sunday.
7 April 1739.
Saturday (-75,260) (Road
traffic) The infamous robber Dick Turpin was hanged at York for murder,
sheep-stealing, smuggling, and holding up stage coaches. He was buried in York
as �John Palmer�. He had been part of the infamous �Gregory Gang� of robbers
and rapists in 1735. However as a horse-borne highwayman he enjoyed a
reputation better than the �footpad� men who tended to disable their victims before
fleeing on foot. Horse-borne robbers had no need of this and were even courteous
to their victims.
4
April 1739, Wednesday
(-75,263) First performance in London of George Handel�s oratorio Israel in
Egypt; he subsequently revised the work.
=====================================================================================
20 March 1739,
Tuesday (-75,278)
Persian ruler Nadir Shah sacked the Indian city of Delhi. The collapse of the
Moghul Empire created a large power vacuum in India. The Afghans invaded from
the north-west, Marathas invaded from the west, and local warlords carved out
small independent states, perpetually fighting each other. In the middle of
this chaos, Britain was able to take over.
19 March 1739, Monday
(-75,279) Charles LeBrun, French statesman, was born (died 16 June 1824).
24
February 1739, Saturday
(-75,302) Battle of Karnal, Mughal Civil Wars. Persian forces under Nader
Shah defeated the Mughals under Emperor Muhammad Shah.
19 January 1739,
Friday (-75,338) Guiseppe Bonomi, English
architect, was born in Rome (died in London 9 March 1808).
16
January 1739, Tuesday
(-75,341) First performance in London of George Handel�s oratorio Saul.
10 January 1739,
Wednesday (-75,347) (USA)
Ethan Allen, US soldier, was born in Litchfield, Connecticut (died 11 2/1789 in
Burlington, Vermont).
====================================================================================
31 December 1738,
Sunday (-75,357) Charles Cornwallis, British soldier, was born
(died 5 October 1805).
28
December 1738, Thursday
(-75,360) Benjamin Franklin, using the pseudonym Richard Saunders, began
publication of �Poor Man�s Almanack�
20
December 1738, Wednesday
(-75,368) Claude Michel, French sculptor, was born (died 29 March 1814).
30 November 1738,
Thursday (-75,388) Thomas Robinson, 2nd
baron Grantham, was born (died 20 July 1786).
15 November 1738,
Wednesday (-75,403)
Sir William Herschel, who discovered Uranus in 1781, was born in Hanover,
Germany.
10
October 1738, Tuesday
(-75,439) Benjamin West, necoclasical painter, was born near Springfield,
Massachusetts,
==================================================================================
23 September 1738,
Saturday (-75,456) Hermann
Boerhaave, Dutch physician, died in Leiden (born near Leiden 31 December 1668).
23
August 1738, Wednesday
(-75,487)
16
August 1738, Wednesday
(-75,494)� Joe Miller, English actor,
died.
=================================================================================
22 June 1738,
Thursday (-75,549) Jacques Delille, French
poet, was born (died 1 May 1813).
21 June 1738,
Wednesday (-75,550) Gottleib Harless, German
scholarly writer, was born (died 2 November 1815).
13 June 1738,
Tuesday (-75,558) Guiseppe Cerutti, Italian
politician, was born (died 3 February 1792).
5 June 1738,
Monday (-75,566) (France)� Isaac de Beausobre, French theologian, died (born
in Niort 8 March 1659).
4 June 1738,
Sunday (-75,567)
King George III, grandson of George II, was born in lodgings in St James
Square, London.
31 May 1738,
Wednesday (-75,571) Stanislas Boufflers,
French statesman, was born near Nancy (died in Paris 18 January 1815).
28 May 1738,
Sunday (-75,574) Dr
Joseph Guillotin, inventor of the Guillotine, was born.
13 May 1738,
Saturday (-75,589) (Medical)
Ernst Baldinger, German physician, was born near Erfurt (died in Marburg 21
January 1804).
24 May 1738,
Wednesday (-75,578)
During a reading of Martin Luther�s preface to the Bible Book of Romans, John
Wesley had a religious inspiration that led him to found the Methodist Church.
6 May 1738,
Saturday (-75,596) Robespierre,
French revolutionary, was born in Arras.
28 April 1738,
Friday (-75,604)
Pope Clement XII condemned freemasonry.
2 April 1738,
Sunday (-75,630) Easter Sunday.
=================================================================================
12 March 1738,
Sunday (-75,651) Jonathan Boucher, English scholarly writer,
was born near Wigton (died in Epsom, Surrey, 17 April 1804).
26
February 1738, Sunday
(-75,665) Samuel von Cocceji, legal reformer, became Minister of Justice in
Prussia, and modernised Prussian civil law.
21 February 1738,
Tuesday (-75,670) (Geology)
Mineralogist Franz Cancrin was born (died 1812).
17 January 1738,
Tuesday (-75,705) German architect, Matthaus
Poppelman, died aged 74.
====================================================================================
27 December 1737,
Tuesday (-75,726) William Bowyer, printer,
died.
24 December 1737,
Saturday (-75,729) Silas Deane, US diplomat, was born (died 23
September 1789).
18 December 1737,
Sunday (-75,735) Antonio
Stradivari, famous Italian violin maker, died in Cremona, Lombardy.
17 December 1737,
Saturday (-75,736) (Britain)
John Almon, political pamphleteer, was born in Liverpool (died 12 December 1805)
20 November 1737,
Sunday (-75,763) Caroline, wife of King George
II of Britain, died (born 1 March 1683).
24
October 1737, Monday
(-75,790) First performance in Paris of Jean Philippe Rameau�s opera Castor et Pollux.
17 October 1737,
Monday (-75,797)
A cyclone caused a 12-metre tidal surge at Kolkata, killing 300,000.
11 October 1737,
Tuesday (-75,803) An earthquake killed 300,000
in Kolkata.
2 October 1737,
Sunday (-75,812) Francis Hopkinson, US author, was born (died
1791).
===================================================================================
19 September 1737,
Monday (-75,825) Charles Carroll, US politician,
was born (died 14 November 1832).
14 September 1737,
Wednesday (-75,830) Alexander Geddes, Scottish
religious writer, was born (died 26 February 1802).
9 September 1737,
Friday (-75,835)
Luigi Galvani, Italian scientist and anatomist, was born in Bologna.
===================================================================================
14 August 1737,
Sunday (-78,861) Charles Hutton, Eglish mathematical writer,
was born (died 27 January 1823).
11
August 1737, Thursday
(-78,864) Joseph Nollekens, sculptor, was born in London.
30 June 1737,
Thursday (-75,906) (Russia)
The Russians attacked the Ottoman fortress of Ochakov, Romania.
20
May 1737, Friday
(-75,947) William Lansdowne, British statesman, was born (died 7 May 1805).
14
May 1737, Saturday
(-75,953) George Macartney, British statesman, was born (died 31 May 1806).
27 April 1737,
Wednesday (-75,970)
Thomas Gibbon, historian and writer of The
Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, was born at Putney, London.
14 April 1737,
Thursday (-75,983) Dmitry Golitsun, Russian
statesman, born 1665, died in prison after being denounced for anti-monarchical
sentiments.
10 April 1737,
Sunday (-75,987) Easter Sunday.
=====================================================================================
2 March 1737,
Wednesday (-76,026) William Heath, US soldier,
was born (died 24 January 1814).
29
January 1737, Saturday
(-76,058) Thomas Paine, US patriot, was born.
23 January 1737,
Sunday (-76,064) John Hancock, US Revolutionary statesman, was
born (died 8 October 1793).
4 January 1737,
Tuesday (-76,083) Louis Guyton de Morveau,
French chemistry writer, was born (died 2 January 1816).
3 January 1737,
Monday (-76,084) Heinrich Gerstenberg, German
poet, was born (died 1 November 1823).
======================================================================================
31 December 1736,
Friday (-76,087)
27
October 1736, Thursday
(-76,151) James MacPherson, Scottish writer, was born (died 17 February 1796).
18
October 1736, Tuesday
(+76,160) The Royal Hampshire County Hospital, Winchester, UK, opened.
======================================================================================
27 September 1736,
Monday (-76,182) (France)
Rene Duguay-Trouin, French sea captain, died (born 10 June 1673).
16 September 1736,
Thursday (-76,193)
German scientist Gabriel Fahrenheit, who devised a scale of temperature, died.
15 September 1736,
Wednesday (-76,194) (Astronomy)
Jean Bailly,� astronomer, was born in
Paris (guillotined 12 November 1793).
14 July 1736,
Wednesday (-76,257) Simon Linguet, French politician, was born (guillotined 27 June 1794).
====================================================================================
19 June 1736,
Saturday (-76,282) (Russia)
The Russians took Azov, Romania, from the Ottomans.
14 June 1736,
Monday (-76,287) Charles Coulomb, electrical
scientist, was born (died 23 August 1806).
29 May 1736,
Saturday (-76,303) Patrick Henry, US politician, was born
(died 6 June 1799).
21 May 1736,
Friday (-76,311)
(Canals)
The Duke of Bridgewater, canal pioneer, was born.
4 May 1737,
Tuesday (-76,328) Eustace Budgell, writer, died
(born 19 August 1686).
30 April 1736,
Friday (-76,332) Johann Fabricius, German
scholarly writer, died (born 11 November 1668).
25 April 1736,
Sunday (-76,337) Easter Sunday.
21 April 1736,
Wednesday (-76,341) (France)
Eugene of Savoy died (born 18 October 1663).
=====================================================================================
25 March 1736,
Thursday (-76,368) Nicholas Hawksmoor, Emglish
architect, pupil of Christopher Wren, died (born 1661).
17
March 1736, Wednesday
(-76,376) Composer Giovanni Bayttista Pergolesi died in Pozzuoli, Naples,
Italy, aged 26, of tuberculosis.
8
March 1736, Monday
(-76,385) The Persian Safavid Dynasty, which had endured since 1502, ended
with the death of Shah Abbas III, aged 6. The Turkish Nadir Kuli, who had
effectively ruled Persia for the past decade, now became Nadir Shah and ruled
until 1747.
7
February 1736, Saturday
(-76,415)� (India) Rene-Marie Madec,
French adventurer in India, was born.
3 February 1736,
Tuesday (-76,419) (Arts)
Johann Albrechtsberger, Austrian musician, was born in Kloster-Neuburg (died 7
March 1809 in Vienna).
26 January 1736, Monday
(-76,427) Stanislas I Lesczynski formnally abdicated as King of Poland.
25 January 1736, Sunday
(-76,428) Joseph Lagrange, mathematician, was born (died 10 April 1813).
19 January 1736, Monday (-76,434) Scottish
engineer and inventor James Watt was born in Greenock.
17 January 1736, Saturday (-76,436) German architect Matthaus� Poppelman died, aged 74.
8
January 1736, Thursday
(-76,445) Jean Leclerc, French religious writer, died (born 19 March 1657).
=====================================================================================
29 December 1735,
Monday (-76,455) Thomas Banks, English
sculptor, was born in London (died in London 2 February 1805).
30 October 1735,
Thursday (-76,515)
John Adams, American Federalist and 2nd President, was born in
Braintree, Massachusetts, the son of a farmer.
25 October 1735,
Saturday (-76,520) James Beattie, Scottish poet, was born in
Kincardine (died 18 August 1803).
21 October 1735,
Tuesday (-76,524) Richard Gough, English
antiquarian writer, was born (died 20 February 1809).
9 October 1735,
Thursday (-76,536) Karl Brunswick, German
General, was born (died at the Battle of Quatre Bras, 16 July 1815).
8 October 1735,
Wednesday (-76,537) Qianlong succeeded
Yongzheng as Emperor of China.
5 October 1735, Sunday
(-76,540) The War of the Polish Succession
ended with the Treaty of Vienna. The Elector of Saxony was accepted as King
Frederick Augustus III of Poland.
=====================================================================================
27
September 1735, Saturday (-76,548) (Biology)
Peter Artedi, Swedish naturalist, died in Amsterdam (born 22 February
1705 in Angermania,
Sweden).
22 September 1735,
Monday (-76,553)
Sir Robert Walpole became the
first Prime Minister to move into 10 Downing Street. The office of �Prime
Minister� was not officially recognised, and some considered it
unconstitutional. However Walpole had widespread support of both the King and
Parliament. Walpole was educated at Eton and Cambridge, and at age 24 inherited
a country estate, which gave him the means of self-sufficiency to enter
politics. In 1701 he became the Whig member for Castle Rising in Norfolk. An
excellent speaker, he rose rapidly within the party. In 1717 he resigned amid
in-party fighting, returning as Paymaster General in 1720.
14 September 1735,
Sunday (-76,561) Robert
Raikes, who founded the Sunday School system in 1780, was born in Gloucester,
son of a printer.
7 September 1735,
Sunday (-76,568) (Price) Thomas
Coutts, founder of Coutts bank, was born (died 24 February 1822).
5
September 1735, Friday
(-76,570) Johann Christian Bach, youngest son of Johann Sebastian Bach and
also a composer, was born in Leipzig, Germany.
28 August 1735,
Thursday (-76,578) Andreas Bernstorff, Danish
statesman, was born in Hanover (died 21 June 1797).
27 August 1735,
Wednesday (-76,579) (Ireland)
Peter Browne, Bishop of Cork and Ross, died.
21 August 1735,
Thursday (-76,585) (Britain)
Tobias Furneaux, English navigator, was born (died 19 September 1781).
18 August 1735,
Monday (-76,588) Francois Feller, Belgian
author, was born (died 23 May 1802).
=====================================================================================
10 June 1735,
Tuesday (-76,657) Thomas Hearne, English
historical writer, died (born 7/1678).
28
May 1735, Wednesday
(-76,670) Francois Kellerman, Marshal of France, was born (died 23
September 1820).
18 May 1735,
Sunday (-76,680) Sir Nathaniel Dance-Holland, English painter,
was born (died 15 October 1811).
10 May 1735,
Saturday (-76,688) Lorenzo Hervas, Spanish scholarly writer,
was born
16
April 1735, Wednesday
(-76,712) First performance in London of George Handel�s opera Alcina.
6 April 1735,
Sunday (-76,722) Easter Sunday.
5 April 1753,
Saturday (-76,723) William Derham, English religious writer, died
(born 26 November 1657).
=====================================================================================
29
March 1735, Saturday
(-75,730) Johann Musaus, German writer, was born (died 28 October 1787).
20 March 1735,
Thursday (-76,739) (Biology)
Torbern Bergman, Swedish naturalist, was born in Katrineberg (died in Medevi 8
July 1784).
15 March 1735,
Saturday (-76,744) Cesare Beccaria-Bonesana, Italian writer, was
born in Milan (died in Milan 28 November 1794).
27 February 1735,
Thursday (-76,760) John Arbuthnot, English
author, died in London.
8 January 1735,
Wednesday (-76,810) (Christian)
John Carroll, US Roman Catholic prelate, was born (died 3 December 1815).
4
January 1735, Saturday
(-76,814) Claud Martin, French adventurer, was born (died 13 September 1800).
1 January 1735,
Wednesday (-76,817)
Paul Revere, American silversmith and patriot who was
famous for his ride from Charlestown to Lexington to warn of the British
advance on Concord, was born in Boston, Massachusetts.
======================================================================================
31 December 1734,
Tuesday (-76,818) Claude Dorat, French writer,
was born (died 29 April 1780).
28 December 1734,
Saturday (-76,821) (Britain)
Rob Roy, Scottish outlaw (real name Robert McGregor, nicknamed �Roy�, Gaelic
for �red� because of his ruddy complexion and red hair, died at his home in the
Scottish Highlands. Born in 1671, he became famous for his sword-fighting
skills and was chosen as head of the MacGregor clan in 1693. His business was
selling Scottish black cattle to England; he was declared an outlaw in 1712
after defaulting on a business debt owed to the Duke of Montrose. He then
gathered a group of armed followers and harassed the estates and tenants of the
Duke of Montrose. In 1722 he surrendered to the English authorities and was
imprisoned. He was nearly transported, but was pardoned and allowed to return
home. He was also noted for his generosity to the poor, at the expense of the
wealthy.
14 December 1734,
Saturday (-76,835) (Britain)
John Barrington, English lawyer, died (born 1678).
11 December 1734,
Wednesday (-76,838) (Medical)
Paul Barthez, French physician, was born in Montpellier (died in Paris 15
October 1806).
8 December 1734,
Sunday (-76,841) James Figg, champion boxer, died in London.
2 November 1734,
Saturday (-76,877) Daniel
Boone, American frontiersman, was born.
=====================================================================================
19 September 1734,
Thursday (-76,921)
The Battle of Luzzara.
31
July 1734, Wednesday
(-76,971) Robert Morris, US financier, was born (died 7 May 1806).
13 July 1734,
Saturday (-76,989) Thomas Bath, English politician, was born
(died 19 November 1796).
=====================================================================================
29 June 1734,
Saturday (-77,003) The
Battle of Parma. The French under Marshal de Coigny
derfeated the Imperialists under Count Claudius de Mercy, who was killed.
12 June 1734,
Wednesday (-77,020) (France)
James Berwick, French Marshal, died at the siege of Philipsburg (born in
Moulins 21 August 1670).
2 June 1734, Sunday (-77,030) Danzig fell to the Russians
after an 8-month siege. Stanislas managed to escape to Prussia.
25 May 1734, Saturday (-77,038) The
Battle of Bitonto.
23 May 1734, Thursday (-77,040)
Franz Anton Mesmer, Austrian doctor and founder of Mesmerism, was born near
Constance. He was the son of a gamekeeper.
25 April 1734,
Thursday (-77,068) Johann Dippel, German
religious writer, died (born 10 August 1673).
17
April 1734, Wednesday
(-77,076) Taksin, King of Thailand, was born.
14
April 1734, Sunday (-77,079) Easter Sunday
=====================================================================================
9
March 1734, Friday (-77,116)
Vicente Garcia, Spanish dramatist, was born (died 12 March 1787).
1
February 1734, Thursday (-77,152)
Sir John Floyer, English medical writer, died (born 1649).
6
January 1734, Sunday (-77,177) John
Dennis, English dramatist, died (born 1657).
1 January 1734, Tuesday (-77,182) St
George�s Hospital, Hyde Park Corner, London, opened.
=====================================================================================
31
December 1733, Monday (-77,183)
23
December 1733, Sunday (-77,191) Antoine
Montyon, French philanthropist, was born (died 29 December 1820).
====================================================================================
1
October 1733, Monday (-77,270)
First performance in Paris of Jean Philippe Rameau�s opera Hippolyte et Aricie.
15
September 1733, Saturday (-77.286) Samuel
Horsley, English religious writer, was born (died 4 October 1806).
12
September 1733, Wednesday (-77,289) Stanislas
Lesczcynski (1677-1766) was elected as (disputed) King of Poland.
4 September 1733,
Tuesday (-77,301)
The first lioness to be kept in Britain died of old age.
28
August 1733, Tuesday
(-77,308) Giovanni Pergolesi�s opera La Serva Padroma was first performed
in Naples.
22 August 1733,
Wednesday (-77,314) Jean Ducis, French
dramatist, was born (died 1816).
====================================================================================
29 May 1733,
Tuesday (-77,399)
Canadians given the right to have Indians as slaves, and buy and sell them.
26
May 1733, Saturday
(-77,402) English inventor John Kay patented his flying shuttle, a loom
that used a third less labour than earlier such machines.
23
May 1733, Wednesday
(-77,405) Friedrich Mesmer, medical researcher, was born (died 5 March 1815).
4 May 1733,
Friday (-77,424) Jean Borda, French
mathematician, was born in Dax (died in Paris 20 February 1799).
25 April 1733,
Wednesday (-77,433)
===================================================================================
25
March 1733, Sunday (-77,464) Easter Sunday.
13
March 1733, Tuesday (-77,476) Joseph Priestley, who
discovered oxygen in 1774, was born in Leeds, the son of a cloth merchant.
4
March 1733, Sunday (-77,485) Claude
de Forbin, French naval commander, died (born 1656).
1
February 1733, Thursday (-77,516)
Augustus II of Poland died aged 62, precipitating the War of the Polish
Succession. Austria and Russia demanded the succession of Augustus�s only
legitimate son, the 36-year old Elector of Saxony, However France persuaded the
Polish nobility� to restore Stanislas
Leszczynski. Russia invaded Poland, forcing Leszczynski to flee to Danzig.
25
January 1733, Thursday (-77,523) (London) Sir Gilbert Heathcote, Lord mayor of
London, died.
23
January 1733, Tuesday (-77,525)
George Handel�s opera Orlando was
first performed in London.
12
January 1733, Friday (-77,536)
Antoine Lemierre, French poet and dramatist, was born (died 4 July 1793).
==================================================================================
23
December 1732, Saturday (-77,556) Sir Richard Arkwright, inventor of the spinning frame, was born at Preston, the last of
13 children.
7 December 1732, Thursday (-77,572) The Covent Garden Theatre,
London, opened.
6 December 1732, Wednesday (-77,573) Warren Hastings, British
ambassador and first Governor-General of India, was born in Churchill,
Oxfordshire.
4 December 1732, Monday (-77,575) John Gay, English poet, died (born 1685).
9 November 1732, Thursday (-77,600)
Jeanne Lespinnasse, French author, was born (died 23 May 1776).
8 November 1732, Wednesday (-77,601)
John Dickinson, US politician, was born (died 14 February 1808).
1
November 1732, Wednesday (-77,608)
6 October 1732, Friday (-77,634)
Nevil Maskelyne, English astronomer, was born (died 9 February 1811).
5 October 1732, Thursday (-77,635)
Lloyd Kenyon, Lord Chief Justice of England, was born (died 4 April 1802).
====================================================================================
29
September 1732, Friday (-77,641)
Samuel Musgrave, English scholarly writer, was born (died 5 July 1780).
25
September 1732, Monday (-77,645)
Angelo Fabbroni, Italian biographer, was born (died 22 September 1803).
8
August 1732, Tuesday (-77,693) Johann
Adelung, German grammarian, was born (died 10 September 1806).
11
July 1732, Tuesday (-77,721)
Joseph Lalande, French astronomer, was born (died 4 April 1807).
====================================================================================
13
June 1732, Tuesday (-77,749) Sir
Elijah Impey, Chief Justoce of Bengal, was born (died 1809).
9
June 1732, Friday (-77,753) King
George II of Britain granted a Charter for the establishment of the State of
Georgia.
3
June 1732, Saturday (-77,759) Edmund
Calamy, English religious writer, died (born 5 April 1671).
20
May 1732, Saturday (-77,773) (Britain)
Thomas Boston, Scottish cleric, died (born in Duns 17 June 1676).
28
April 1732, Friday (-77,795)
Thomas Parker, Earl of Maclesfield, died.
21
April 1731, Friday (-77,802)
Edward Evanson, English religious writer, was born (died 25 September 1805).
13
April 1732, Thursday (-77,810) Birth of Frederick North,
Earl of Guildford, who introduced the Tea Act that led to the Boston Tea Party.
9
April 1732, Sunday (-77,814) Easter
Sunday.
5
April 1732, Wednesday (-77,818) Jean
Honore Fragonard, painter, was born in Grasse, France.
=====================================================================================
31
March 1732, Friday (-77,823) Franz Joseph Haydn, Austrian composer, was born in
Rohrau, son of a wheelwright.
7
March 1732, Tuesday (-77,847) John
Davies, English scholarly writer, died (born 22 April 1679).
29
February 1732, Tuesday (-77,854)
Andre Charles Boulle, fiurniture maker, died in Paris.
22
February 1732, Tuesday (-77,861) George Washington, soldier and Federal President, was born in
Wakefield, Westmoreland County, Virginia.
19
February 1732, Saturday (-77,864)
Richard Cumberland, Engish dramatist, was born (died 7 May 1811).
11
February 1732, Friday (-77,873)
William Falconer, British poet, was born (died1769).
24
January 1732, Monday (-77,890)
Pierre Beaumarchais, French dramatist, was born in Paris (died in Paris 18 May 1799).
20
January 1732, Thursday (-77,894)
Richard Lee, US statesman, was born (died 19 June 1794).
18
January 1732, Tuesday (-77,896) (Italy) Francesco Caracciolo, Neapolitan Admiral and
revolutionary, was born (died 30 January 1799).
12
January 1732, Wednesday (-77,902)
John Horsley, British archeological writer, died.
===================================================================================
26
December 1731, Sunday (-77,919) Antoine
la Motte, French author, died (born 18 January 1672).
17
December 1731, Friday (-77,928)
George Lockhart, Scottish writer, died in a duel.
12
December 1731, Sunday (-77,933) Erasmus
Darwin, scientific writer, was born (died 18 April 1802).
7
December 1731, Tuesday (-77,938) (France)
Duperron Anquetil, French orientalist, was born in Paris (died 17 January 1805
in Paris).
26
November 1731, Friday (-77,949)
William Cowper, English poet, was born (died 25 April 1800).
8
November 1731, Monday (-77,967) In
Philadelphia, USA, Benjamin Franklin opened the first library in the American
Colonies.
18
October 1731, Monday (-77,988) (Britain)
John Dunning Ashburton, English lawyer, was born in Ashburton, Devon (died 18
August 1783 in Exmouth).
10
October 1731, Sunday (-77,996) Henry Cavendish, who discovered hydrogen, was born in Nice,
France.
=====================================================================================
16
July 1731, Friday (-78,082) At the Treaty of Vienna,
between Britain, Spain, Austria, and Holland, the Ostend East India Company,
Britain�s main trading rival in cotton and spices, was dissolved.
5
July 1731, Monday (-78,093) Jose
de Antequera y Castro (1690-1731), who resisted the autocratic rule of the
Spanish monarchy ovetr its colony of Paraguay, was captured in Lima, Peru, and
executed by the Spanish this day.
1
July 1731, Thursday (-78,097)
Adam Duncan, British naval commander, was born (died 4 August 1804).
=====================================================================================
26
April 1731, Monday (-78,163) Daniel Defoe, English author
who wrote Robinson Crusoe, died.
18
April 1731, Sunday (-78,171) Easter
Sunday.
====================================================================================
28
March 1731, Sunday (-78,192) Ramon de
la Cruz, Spanish dramatist, was born (died 5 March 1794).
27
January 1731, Wednesday (-78,252) Bartolommeo Cristofori,
Italian harpsichord maker, who designed
the first piano in 1710, died in Florence.
6
January 1731, Wednesday (-78,273) Etienne
Geoffroy, French chemist, died (born 13 February 1672).
===================================================================================
14 December 1730, Monday (-78,296) (Africa) James Bruce, Scottish explorer of Africa,
was born (died 27 April 1794).
13 December 1730, Sunday (-78,297) Sir
William Hamilton, British diplomat, was born (died 6 April 1803).
23
November 1730, Monday (-78,317)
William Moultrie, Us soldier, was born (died 27 September 1805).
1
November 1730, Sunday (-78,339) George
Horne, English writer, was born (died 17 January 1792).
12
October 1730, Monday (-78,359) Frederick
IV of Denmark died, the day after his 59th birthday, at Odense. He had reigned
for 31 years, and lost some territory in Germany He was succeeded by his
31-year old son, Christian VI, who ruled until 1746.
====================================================================================
20
September 1730, Sunday (-78,381) Mahmud I
succeeded Ahmed III as Ottoman Sultan.
17
September 1730, Thursday (-78,384)
The Ottoman Grand Vizier was strangled in a revolt by the Janissaries. Sultan
Ahmed III was forced to abdicate.
1
September 1730, Tuesday (-78,400)
Founding US Father Benjamin Franklin established a common-law marriage with
Deborah Read.
27
August 1730, Thursday (-78,405)
Johann Hamann, German scholarly writer, was born (died 21 June 1788).
20
August 1730, Thursday (-78,412) Thomas
King, English dramatist, was born (died 11 December 1805).
1
August 1730, Saturday (-78,431) (Britain)
Frederick Augustus Hervey, Fourth Earl of Bristol, was born (died 8 July 1803).
16
July 1730, Thursday (-78,447) Elijah
Fenton, English poet, died (born 25 May 1683).
12
July 1730, Sunday (-78,451) (1)
Josiah Wedgewood was born at
Burslem, Staffordshire.
(2) Pope Benedict XIII (245th Pope) died. Pope Clement
XII (246th Pope) acceded, formerly Cardinal Lorenzo Corsini, died 1740,
=====================================================================================
4
June 1730, Thursday (-78,489) King George III of Britain
was born. His mental health was unstable, and his mishandling of the American
colonies led to their independence.
29
May 1730, Friday (-78,495)
William Jackson, English musician, was born (died 5 July 1803).
5
May 1730, Tuesday (-78,519)
1
April 1730, Wednesday (-78,553)
Solomon Gessner, Swiss poet, was born (died 2 March 1788).
====================================================================================
29 March 1730, Sunday (-78,556) Easter Sunday.
20 March 1730, Friday
(-78,565) Adrienne Lecouvreur, Frenchy actress, died (born 5 April 1692).
19 March 1730, Thursday
(-78,566) Charles Watson Wentworth, Marcquis of Rockingham, Whig Prime
Minister of Britain 1765-6 and 1782, was born.
7 March 1730, Saturday (-78,578) (France)
Louis Breteuil, French diplomat, was born (died 2 November 1807).
3
February 1730, Tuesday (-78,610) The London Daily Advertiser published the first ever Stock Exchange
quotations.
30
January 1730, Friday (-78,614) (Russia)
Peter II, Tsar of Russia, died of smallpox aged 14. This day he was to have
married Catherine, second daughter of Alexis Dolgoruki. He was succeeded by
Anna of Russia.
15
January 1730, Thursday (-78,629)
Louis Dutens, French writer, was born (died 23 May 1812).
=====================================================================================
30
December 1729, Tuesday (-78,645) Richard
Brunck, French scholarly writer, was born (died 12 June 1803).
22
December 1729, Monday (-78,653)
Michel Baron, French actor, died (born in Paris 1635).
13
December 1729, Saturday (-78,662) Anthony
Collins, English writer, died (21 June 1676).
28
November 1729, Friday (-78,677) In
Louisiana, Natchez Indians massacred over 200 White settlers after the
colonists tried to appropriate the Indians traditional burial grounds.
12 November 1729, Wednesday (-78,693)
Alexander Menshikov, Russian statesman, died.
11 November 1729, Tuesday (-78,694)
Louis Bougainville, French navigator, was born in Paris (died in Paris 31
August 1811).
9
November 1729, Sunday (-78,696) Spain signed the Treaty of
Seville, renouncing its right to Gibraltar
in favour of the British. See 11 April 1713.
9
October 1729, Wednesday (-78,727)
Richard Blackmore, writer and physician, died.
===================================================================================
27 September 1729, Saturday (-78,739) Johann Denis, Austrian poet, was born (died
29 September 1800).
25 September 1729, Thursday (-78,741) Christian Heyne, German scholarly writer,
was born (died 14 July 1812).
12
September 1729, Friday (-78,754) John
Fletcher, English religious writer, was born (died 14 August 1785).
6
September 1729, Saturday (-78,760) Moses
Mendelssohn, Jewish philosopher, was born in Dessau, Anhalt, Germany.
3
September 1729, Wednesday (-78,763) (Britain)
The Treaty of Hanover was signed between
Britain, France and Prussia. It was to counterbalance the Treaty of Vienna,
between Spain and Austria, which treaty had broken the Quadruple Alliance. The Vienna treaty was intended to restore
the Stuarts to the English throne and to compel Britain to return Gibraltar and
Minorca to Spain. The Treaty of Hanover was a mutual defence pact, in case
any signatory was attacked.
1
September 1729, Monday (-78,765)
Richard Steele, essayist, died in Carmarthen, Wales. He founded the Spectator and the Tatler.
24
August 1729, Sunday (-78,773) George
Hay, Scottish religious writer, was born (died 15 October 1811).
11
August 1729, Monday (-78,786)
Ponce Lebrun, French poet, was born (died 31 August 1807).
5
August 1729, Tuesday (-78,792) Thomas Newcomen, who invented
the first atmospheric steam engine
in 1705, died in London.
30
July 1729, Wednesday (-78,798)
The city of Baltimore, Maryland, USA, was founded.
=====================================================================================
17 May 1729, Saturday (-78,872) Samuel
Clarke, scholarly writer, died (born 11 October 1675).
16 May 1729, Friday (-78,873)
Charles Jenkinson, 1st Earl of Liverpool, was born (died 17 December
1808).
2
May 1729, Friday (-78,887) (Russia)
Catherine the Great, Empress of Russia, was born in Stettin, Germany (died
1796). She became ruler of Russia in 1762 in a coup in which her husband Peter
III was assassinated.
6
April 1729, Sunday (-78,913) Easter
Sunday.
====================================================================================
24
March 1729, Monday (-78,926)
Simon Lantara, French landscape painter, was born (died 22 December 1778).
21
March 1729, Friday (-78,929) John Law, financier, died.
2
March 1729, Sunday (-78,948) Francesco
Bianchini, Italian astronomer, died in Rome (born in Verona 13 December 1662).
28
January 1729, Tuesday (-78,981)
William Hamilton, English statesman, was born (died 16 July 1796).
22
January 1729, Wednesday (-78,987)
Gotthold Lessing, German dramatist, was born (died 15 February 1781).
19
January 1729, Sunday (-78,990) William
Congreve, English dramatist, died (born 10 February 1670).
12 January 1729, Sunday (-78,997) The statesman Edmund Burke was born in Dublin.
===================================================================================
2
December 1728, Monday (-79,038)
Ferdinando Galiani, Italian economics writer, was born (died 30 October 1787).
10
November 1728, Sunday (-79,060) Oliver
Goldsmith, poet, was born.
28
October 1728, Monday (-79,073) The naval officer and
explorer Captain James Cook was born at Marton, Cleveland, Yorkshire, the
son of a farmer. His voyages in the Endeavour
led to the discovery of Australia, New Zealand and Hawaii.
20
October 1728, Sunday (-79,081) (Denmark)
A major fire that destroyed a quarter of Copenhagen started. It burned until 23
October 1728.
7
October 1728, Monday (-79,094) Eon
de Beaumont (Chevalier d�Eon, French politician, was born (died 22 May 1810).
=====================================================================================
3
September 1728, Tuesday (-79,128) Birth of Matthew Boulton, who
invented the steam modern engine along with James Watt.
26
August 1728, Sunday (-79,137) Johann
Lambert, German mathematician, was born (died 25 September 1777).
18
August 1728, Saturday (-79,145) James
Charlemont, Irish statesman, was born (died 4 August 1799).
15 August 1728, Wednesday (-79,148)
Marin Marais, French composer, died in Paris.
14 August 1728, Tuesday (-79,149) Danish
explorer Vitus Bering discovered that the Bering Strait was the easternmost
limit of Siberia.
7
August 1728, Tuesday (-79,156) Jacques
Lenfant, French religious writer, died (born 13 April 1661).
1
August 1728, Wednesday (-79,162)
26
July 1728, Thursday (-79,168)
John Friend, scientific writer, died (born 1675).
3
July 1728, Tuesday (-79,191)
Robert Adam, architect, was born in Kirkcaldy, Fife.
=====================================================================================
21
April 1728, Sunday (-79,263) Easter
Sunday.
16
April 1728, Tuesday (-79,268)
Joseph Black, chemist, was born.
14
April 1728, Sunday (-79,270) Henri
Louis Cain, French actor, was born (died 8 February 1778).
13
April 1728, Saturday (-79,271) Paolo
Frisi, Italian mathematician, was born (died 22 November 1784).
3
April 1728, Wednesday (-79,281) (Britain)
James Anderson, Scottish historian, died (born 5 August 1662 in Edinburgh).
=====================================================================================
21
March 1728, Thursday (-79,294)
26
February 1728, Monday (-79,318) (Chemistry)
Antoine Baume, chemist, was born in Senlis (died in Paris 15 October 1804).
21
February 1728, Wednesday (-79,323) (Russia)
Peter III, Tsar of Russia and grandson of Peter the Great, was born in Kiel.
16
February 1728, Friday (-79,328) Maria
Countess of Konigsmark (Saxony) died (born 8 May 1662).
13
February 1728, Tuesday (-79,331)
John Hunter, British surgeon, was born (died 16 October 1793).
==================================================================================
27
December 1727, Wednesday (-79,379)
Arthur Murphy, Irish dramatist, was born (died 18 June 1805).
22
December 1727, Friday (-79,384)
William Ellery, US politician, was born (died 15 February 1820).
18 November 1727, Saturday (-79,418) (India)
The new Indian city of Jaipur was founded.
17 November 1727, Friday (-79,419)
Pierre Buirette, French dramatist, was born in Auvergne (died 5 March 1775).
27
October 1727, Friday (-79,440)
Hester Chapone, English writer, was born (died 25 December 1801).
17
October 1727, Tuesday (-79,450) John Wilkes, British
political reformist who called for a free press, was born in Clerkenwell,
London, the son of a distiller.
9
October 1727, Monday (-79,458)
Etienne Lomenie de Brienne., French religious writer, was born (died 16
February 1794).
===================================================================================
1
September 1727, Thursday (-79,497)
Jean Gobel, French politician, was born (guillotined 12 April 1794).
14
August 1727, Monday (-79,514)
William Croft, English composer, died (born 1678).
23
July 1727, Sunday (-79,536) Simon
Harcourt, Lord Chancellor of England, died.
=================================================================================
22
June 1727, Thursday (-79,567) (Britain)
King George I, the first Hanoverian King, died of apoplexy, aged 67, in
Osnabruck castle where he was born, on route to Hanover. His son, 44-year old
George II, succeeded him.
12
June 1727, Monday (-79,577) (Spain)
Spain lifted the siege of Gibraltar (imposed 11 February 1727).
8
June 1727, Thursday (-79,581) August
Francke, German religious writer, died (born 22 March 1663)
16
May 1727, Tuesday (-79,604) (Russia)
Katherine I of Russia died aged 44. She was succeeded by her 12-year-old son
Peter, who reigned until 1730.
14
May 1727, Sunday (-79,606) (Arts)
Artist Thomas Gainsborough was born in Sudbury, Suffolk. He was the son of a
cloth merchant.
10
May 1727, Wednesday (-79,610)
Anne Robert Jacques Turgot, French financial administrator under Kings Louis XV
and XVI, was born in Paris.
10
April 1727, Monday (-79,640)
Samuel Heinicke, German educator of the deaf and dumb, was born (died 30 April 1790).
7
April 1727, Friday (-79,643) (Biology)
Michel Adanson, French naturalist, was born in Aix en Provence (died 3 August 1806
in Paris).
2
April 1727, Sunday (-79,648) Easter
Sunday
====================================================================================
22 March 1727, Wednesday (-79,650)
Neil Gow, Scottish violinist, was born in Strathband, Perthshire (died 1 March 1807
in Inver)
20
March 1727, Monday (-79,661) Sir Isaac Newton, born 5 January 1642, died in London aged 84. He was
buried in Westminster Abbey.
7
March 1727, Tuesday (-79,674)
Andre Morellet, French writer, was born (died 12 January 1819).
8
February 1727, Wednesday (-79,701)
Jean Deluc, Swiss geologist, was born (died 7 November 1817).
2
January 1727, Monday (-79,738) General James Wolfe was born
at Westerham, Kent. Wolfe, son of a general, was to command the British army at
the capture of Quebec from the French.
====================================================================================
31
December 1726, Saturday (-79,740)
28
October 1726, Friday (-79,804)
David Hailes, Scottish historical writer, was born (died 29 November 1792).
12
October 1726, Wednesday (-79,820)
Pierre Larcher, French archeological writer, was born (died 22 December 1812).
15
September 1726, Thursday (-79,847) Angelo
Bandini, Italian author, was born in Florence (died 1800).
===================================================================================
2
September 1726, Friday (-79,860) (Prisons)
Birth of prison reformer John Howard. English campaigner for better conditions
for prisoners and wages for gaolers.
7
August 1726, Sunday (-79,886) James
Bowdoin, US politician, was born in Boston, Massachusetts (died in
Massachusetts 11 October 1811).
30
July 1726, Saturday (-79,894)
William Jones, English religious writer, was born (died 6 January 1800).
28
July 1726, Thursday (-79,896) (Clothing)
Jedediah Strutt was born in Derbyshire, England.� In 1758 he invented the ribbing machine for
the manufacture of stockings.
8
July 1726, Friday (-79,916) John
Ker, British spy, died (born 8 August 1673).
===================================================================================
27
June 1726, Monday (-79,927) Nicolas
Bernoulli, mathematician, died (born 27 January 1695).
20
June 1726, Monday (-79,934) The first municipal fire
brigade was established, at Beverley, Yorkshire.
3
June 1726, Friday (-79,951)
James Hutton, Scottish geologist, was born (died 26 March 1797).
20
May 1726, Friday (-79,965) Nicholas
Brady, poet, died (born in Cork 28 October 1659).
26
April 1726, Tuesday (-79,989) Jeremy
Collier, English writer, died (born 23 September 1650).
12 April 1726, Tuesday (-80,003) Charles Burney, writer on the history of
music, was born (died 12 April 1814).
10 April 1726, Sunday (-80,005) Easter Sunday.
====================================================================================
26
March 1726, Saturday (-80,020) Sir John Vanbrugh, English
playwright and architect of Blenheim Palace, Castle Howard, and many other
stately homes, died of quinsy.
11
March 1726, Friday (-80,035)
Louise Epinay, French writer, was born (died 17 April 1783).
8
March 1726, Tuesday (-80,038)
Richard Howe, British Admiral, was born (died 5 August 1799)
12
January 1726, Wednesday (-80,093) Edmund Burke, British
politician and orator, was born in Dublin.
======================================================================================
25
December 1725, Saturday (-80,111) Johann
Hiller, German composer, was born (died 16 June 1804)
7
December 1725, Tuesday (-80,129) Florent
Dancourt, French dramatist, died (born 1 November 1661).
24
October 1725, Sunday (-80,173) Composer
Alessandro Scarlatti died in Naples, Italy.
21
October 1725, Thursday (-80,176)
Franz Lacy, Austrian Field Marshal, was born (died 24 November 1801).
12
October 1725, Tuesday (-80,185)
Etienne Louis Geoffroy, entomologist, was born.
=====================================================================================
29
September 1725, Wednesday (-80,198) Robert Clive, British soldier
and politician, was born in Styche, near Market Drayton, Shropshire.� He was the son of a lawyer, the eldest of 13
children.
16
September 1725, Thursday (-80,211)
Nicolas Desmarest, French geologist, was born (died 20 September 1815).
12
September 1725, Sunday (-88,215)
Guillaume le Gentil, astronomer, was born.
5
September 1725, Sunday (-80,222) Jean
Montucla, French mathematician, was born (died 18 December 1799).
21
August 1725, Saturday (-80,237) Jean Greuze,
French painter, was born (died 4 March 1805).
=====================================================================================
22
May 1725, Saturday (-80,328) Ewald
Hertzberg, Orussian statesman, was born (died 22 May 1795).
25
April 1725, Sunday (-80,355) Augustus
Keppel, British Admiral, was born (died 2 October 1786).
22
April 1725, Thursday (-80,358)
Afghan-born Shah Mahmud Hotaki of Persia died, possibly murdered (born ca. 1697).
2
April 1725, Friday (-80,378) Giovanni Casanova, Italian adventurer, gambler,
secret agent, and �world�s greatest lover�, was born in Venice.
=====================================================================================
28
March 1725, Sunday (-80,383) Easter
Sunday; Andrew Kippis, English religious writer, was born (died 8 October 1795).
23
March 1725, Tuesday (-80,388)
Jean Latude, French writer and prisoner in the bastille, was born (died 1
January 1805).
26
February 1725, Friday (-80,413) French
inventor Nicolas Joesph Cugnot was born this day. In 1769 he built a prototype
steam-driven road vehicle or �fardier�.
12
February 1725, Friday (-80,427) William
Mason, English poet, was born (died 7 April 1797).
8
February 1725, Monday (-80,431) Katherine I became Empress of
Russia on the death of her husband Peter
the Great.
28
January 1725, Thursday (-80,442) (Russia)
Peter the Great, Tsar of Russia
from 1682, died in St Petersburg after a 42-year reign. Aged 52, he had
established Russia as a major European power.
16
January 1725, Saturday (-80,454) Jean
Colson, French actor, was born� (died 5
August 1799).
===================================================================================
30
December 1724, Wednesday (-80,471)
Louis Lagrenee, French painter, was born (died 19 June 1805).
17
December 1724, Thursday (-80,484) Thomas
Guy, founder of Guys Hospital, died (born 1644).
13
December 1724, Sunday (-80,488)� (Germany)
Franz Aepinus, German natural philosopher, was born in Rostock (died 10 August 1802
in Dorpat).
16
November 1724, Monday (-80,515) The highwayman Jack Sheppard
was hanged at Tyburn in front of a crowd of 200,000.
7
November 1724, Saturday (-80,524) John
Kyrle, English philanthropist, died (born 22 May 1637).
31
October 1724, Saturday (-80,531)
Christopher Anstey, poet, was born in Brinkley, Cambridgeshire (died 3 August 1805).
2
October 1724, Friday (-80,560) Francois
Choisy, French author, died (born 16 August 1644).