Chronography of events from 2137 BCE to 31 December 699
Page last modified 24 January
2023
(-9999) = Day count to end of World War Two in Europe (day zero = Tuesday). Easter Sundays derived from https://www.staff.science.uu.nl/~gent0113/easter/easter_text2b.htm
For dates from 1 January 700 click here
1 January 700, Thursday
(-454,851)
===========================================================================
8/5/699, Thursday (-455,089)
23 March 699, Sunday (-455,135) Easter Sunday.
1 January 699, Wednesday
(-455,216)
===========================================================================
8/5/698, Wednesday (-455,454)
Tuesday (-455,455)
7 April 698, Sunday (-455,485) Easter Sunday.
1 January 698, Tuesday
(-455,581) week 65,083
8/5/697, Tuesday (-455,819)
15
April 697, Sunday (-455,842) Easter Sunday.
1 January 697, Monday (-455,946)
8/5/696, Monday (-456,184)
Tuesday (-456,456)
26 March 696, Sunday (-456,227) Easter Sunday.
1 January 696, Saturday
(-456,312)
===========================================================================
8/5/695, Saturday (-456,550)
11 April 695, Sunday (-456,577) Easter Sunday.
1 January 695, Friday
(-456,677)
============================================================================
25 December 694, Friday (-456,684)
9 November 694, Monday (-456,730) Hispano-Visigothic king Egica accused the
Jews of aiding the Muslims, and sentenced all Jews to slavery.
8/5/694, Friday (-456,915)
19 April 694, Sunday (-456,934) Easter Sunday.
1 January 694, Thursday
(-457,042)
8/5/693, Thursday (-457,280)
30 March 693, Sunday (-457,319) Easter Sunday.
1 January 693, Wednesday
(-457,407)
==============================================================================
Tuesday (-457,457)
8/5/692, Wednesday (-457,645)
14 April 692, Sunday (-457,669) Easter Sunday
1 January 692, Monday
(-457,773)
=============================================================================
8/5/691, Monday (-458,011)
23 April 691, Sunday (-458,026) Easter Sunday.
1 January 691, Sunday
(-458,138)
8/5/690, Sunday (-458,376)
3 April 690, Sunday (-458,411)
Easter Sunday.
Tuesday (-458,458)
1 January 690, Saturday (-458,503)
8/5/689, Saturday (-458,741)
11 April 689, Sunday (-458,768) Easter Sunday.
1 January 689, Friday
(-458,868)
8/5/688, Friday (-459,106)
29 March 688, Sunday (-459,146) Easter Sunday.
1 January 688, Wednesday
(-459,234)
===========================================================================
Tuesday (-459,459)
8/5/687, Wednesday (-459,472)
7 April 687, Sunday (-459,503) Easter Sunday.
20 March 687, Wednesday (-459,521) Cuthbert died on Farne Island.
1 January 687, Tuesday
(-459,599) week 65,657
==========================================================================
31 August 686, Friday (-459,722) King Eadric of Kent was deposed by
Caedwalla King of Wessex, who installed his brother Mul as King. Mul was not
accepted, being regarded as a usurper, and was burnt to death in 687 and then
Kent was ruled by Sigehere of the East Saxons (Essex).
10 August 686, Friday (-459,743)
10 July 686, Tuesday (-459,774)
8/5/686, Tuesday (-459,837)
15
April 686, Sunday (-459,860) Easter Sunday.
1 January 686, Monday (-459,964)
===========================================================================
20/5/685, Saturday (-460,190) Ecgfrith, King of Northumbria, died at the
Battle of Nechtansmere, north of the River Tay, fighting the Picts. Most of the
Northumbrian army was killed and Northumbria was now in decline. English
settlement was now restricted to south of the River Forth, with Edinburgh as a
border fortress.
8/5/685, Monday (-460,202)
26 March 685, Sunday (-460,245) Easter Sunday.
6 February 685, Monday (-460,293) Death of King Hlothhere of Kent. Accession
of King Eadric.
1 January 685, Sunday
(-460,329)
===========================================================================
25 December 683, Sunday (-460,336)
26 November 684, Saturday (-460,365) A great earthquake struck Japan. 5,000 square
kilometres of land were reputedly swallowed up by the sea at this event.
Tuesday (-460,460)
8/5/684, Sunday (-460,567)
10 April 684, Sunday (-460,595) Easter Sunday.
1 January 684, Friday
(-460,695)
8/5/683, Friday (-460,933)
19 April 683, Sunday (-460,952) Easter Sunday.
1 January 683, Thursday
(-461,060)
8/5/682, Thursday (-461,298)
30 March 682, Sunday (-461,337) Easter Sunday.
1 January 682, Wednesday
(-461,425)
========================================================================
Tuesday (-461,461)
8/5/681, Wednesday (-461,663)
14 April 681, Sunday (-461,687) Easter Sunday
1 January 681, Tuesday
(-461,790)
===========================================================================
25 December 680, Tuesday (-461,797)
23 October 680, Tuesday (-461,860)
10 October 680. Wednesday (-461,873) Al-Husayn, son of Ali, was killed in battle at Kerbala. He was fighting a rival caliph
(successor), Yazid, a Sunni
Moslem of the Ummayad dynasty. His death
gave birth to Shi�ism; a dissident
group of Moslems who claimed that only the descendants of Mohammed can
rightfully interpret the Koran. They saw Al-Husayn as a martyr.
8/5/680, Tuesday (-462,028)
25 March 680, Sunday (-) Easter Sunday.
1 January 680, Sunday
(-462,156)
===========================================================================
8/5/679, Sunday (-462,394)
3 April 679, Sunday (-462,429) Easter Sunday.
Tuesday (-462,462)
1 January 679, Saturday
(-462,521)
8/5/678, Saturday (-462,759)
18 April 678, Sunday (-462,779) Easter Sunday.
1 January 678, Friday
(-462,886)
=========================================================================
8/5/677, Friday (-463,124)
29 March 677, Sunday (-463,164) Easter Sunday.
1 January 677, Thursday
(-463,251)
=========================================================================
18 August 676, Monday (-463,387)
8 August 676, Sunday (-463,395) Death of St Colman, Bishop of Lindisfarne
from 661. An Irish monk, he attended the Synod of Whitby in 664, where he
supported the Celtic method of calculating Easter date against the Roman, but
was overruled by King Oswy.
16 June 676, Monday (-463,450) Pope Adeodatus II (77th Pope) died,
succeeded by Pope Donus (died 678)
Tuesday (-463,463)
8/5/676, Thursday (-463,489)
6 April 676, Sunday (-463,521) Easter Sunday
1 January 676, Tuesday
(-463,617) week 66,231
8/5/675, Tuesday (-463,855)
22 April 675, Sunday (-463,871) Easter Sunday.
1 January 675, Monday
(-463,982)
8/5/674, Monday (-464,220)
2 April 674, Sunday (-464,256) Easter Sunday.
1 January 674, Sunday
(-464,347)
Tuesday (-464,464)
4 July 673, Saturday (-464,530) Egbert I, King of Kent, died. Accession of King
Hlothhere (Clothaire).
8 June 673, Wednesday (-464,554)
8/5/673, Sunday (-464,585)
10 April 673, Sunday (-464,613) Easter Sunday.
1 January 673, Saturday
(-464,712)
8/5/672, Saturday (-464,950)
25 April 672, Sunday (-464,963) Easter Sunday.
11 April 672, Sunday (-464,977) Pope Adeodatus II (77th Pope) acceded. He
ruled until 676.
1 January 672, Thursday
(-465,078)
8/5/671, Thursday (-465,316)
6 April 671, Sunday (-465,348) Easter Sunday.
Tuesday (-465,465)
8/5/670, Wednesday (-465,681)
14 April 670, Sunday (-465,705) Easter Sunday
15 February 670, Friday (-465,763) Death of King Oswy of Bernicia (northern
England). Born ca. 612, son of King Aedilfrith of Bernicia,, he became king in
642. He attempted to gain control of the neighbouring Kingdom of Deira.
1 January 670, Tuesday
(-465,808) week 66,544
======================================================================
8/5/669, Tuesday (-466,046)
25 March 669, Sunday (-466,090) ) Easter Sunday.
23 March 669, Friday (-466,092)
2 January 669, Tuesday (-466,172)
1 January 669, Monday
(-466,173)
======================================================================
26 December 668, Tuesday (-466,179)
1 December 668, Friday (-466,204)
1 November 668, Wednesday (-466,234)
1 October 668, Sunday (-466,265)
1 August 668, Tuesday (-466,326)
15 July 668, Saturday (-466,343) Byzantine Emperor Constans was
assassinated in his bath. He was succeeded by his sons Constantine IV
Pogonatus, Heraclius, and Tiberius, whom he had named as co-emperors.
15/5/668, Monday (-466,404)
8/5/668, Monday (-466,411)
9 April 668, Sunday (-466,440) Easter Sunday.
Tuesday (-466,466)
1 January 668, Saturday
(-466,539)
8/5/667, Saturday (-466,777)
18 April 667, Sunday (-466,797) Easter Sunday.
1 January 667, Friday
(-466,904)
8/5/666, Friday (-467,142)
29 March 666, Sunday (-467,182)) Easter Sunday.
1 January 666, Thursday
(-467,269)
========================================================================
Tuesday (-467,467)
8/5/665, Thursday (-467,507)
6 April 665, Sunday (-467,539) Easter Sunday.
1 January 665, Wednesday
(-467,634)
14 July 664, Sunday (-467,805) Death of King Earconbert of Kent. Accession
of King Egbert.
10 July 664, Wednesday (-467,809)
8/5/664, Wednesday (-467,872)
21
April 664, Sunday (-467,889) Easter Sunday.
1 January 664, Monday (-468,000)
8/5/663, Monday (-468,238)
2 April 663, Sunday (-468,274) Easter Sunday.
1 January 663, Sunday
(-468,365)
Tuesday (-468,468)
8/5/662, Sunday (-468,603)
10 April 662, Sunday (-468,631) Easter Sunday.
1 January 662, Saturday
(-468,730)
8/5/661, Saturday (-468,968)
28 March 661, Sunday (-469,009) Easter Sunday.
24 January 661, Sunday (-469,072) (Islam) Caliph Ali was assassinated in
Mesopotamia by a former follower. He was succeeded by Muawiyah, who moved the
seat of government to Damascus and founded the Umayyad Dynasty, which ruled
until 750. Supporters of the late Ali, and his son Husayn, became known as
Shiites.
1 January 661, Friday
(-469,095)
======================================================================
8/5/660, Friday (-469,333)
5 April 660, Sunday (-469,366) Easter Sunday.
1 January 660, Wednesday
(-469,461)
Tuesday (-469,469)
8/5/659, Wednesday (-469,699)
14 April 659, Sunday (-469,723) Easter Sunday
1 January 659, Tuesday
(-469,826) week 67,118
8/5/658, Tuesday (-470,064)
25 March 658, Sunday (-470,108) Easter Sunday.
1 January 658, Monday
(-470,191)
=========================================================================
8/5/657, Monday (-470,429)
Tuesday (-470,470)
9 April 657, Sunday (-470,458) Easter Sunday.
1 January 657, Sunday
(-470,556)
1 November 656, Thursday (-470,615)
1 July 656, Friday (470,740)
17 June 656, Friday (-470,754) Uthman, the third Caliph (khalifa, meaning both �successor� and
�deputy to God) was assassinated. Ali, Muhammed�s younger cousin and
son-in-law, became Caliph.
13/5/656, Friday (-470,789)
8/5/656, Sunday (-470,794)
16 April 656, Sunday (-470,815) Easter Sunday.
1 March 656, Tuesday (-470,862)
1 February 656, Monday (-470,891)
1 January 656, Friday
(-470,922)
===========================================================================
25 December 655, Friday (-470,929)
15 November 655, Sunday (-470,969) Death of King Athelhere of the East Angles,
at the Battle of Winwaed, fighting with Penda against the Bernicians.
23 October 655, Friday (-470,992)
16 September 655, Wednesday (-471,029) Pope Martin I died.
8/5/655, Friday (-471,160)
29 March 655, Sunday (-471,200) Easter Sunday.
1 January 655, Thursday
(-471,287)
============================================================================
Tuesday (-471,471)
8/5/654, Thursday (-471,525)
13 April 654, Sunday (-471,550) Easter Sunday
1 January 652, Wednesday
(-471,652)
8/5/653, Wednesday (-471,890)
21
April 653, Sunday (-471,907) Easter Sunday.
1 January 653, Tuesday (-472,017) week 67,431
8/5/652, Tuesday (-472,255)
1/5/652, Tuesday (-472,262)
1 April 652, Sunday (-472,292) Easter Sunday.
1 January 652, Sunday
(-472,383)
==========================================================================
Tuesday (-472,472)
31 August 651, Wednesday (-472,506) Saint Aidan, missionary and first
bishop of Lindisfarne, died.
10 July 651, Sunday (-472,558)
8/5/651, Sunday (-472,621)
16 April 651, Sunday (-472,642) Easter Sunday.
1 January 651, Saturday
(-472,748)
===========================================================================
8/5/650, Saturday (-472,986)
28 March 650, Sunday (-473,027)
Easter Sunday.
1 January 650, Friday
(-473,113)
==========================================================================
8/5/649, Friday (-473,351)
5 April 649, Sunday (-473,384) Easter Sunday
Tuesday (-473,473)
1 January 649, Thursday
(-473,478)
8/5/648, Thursday
(-473,716)
20 April 648, Sunday (-473,734)
Easter Sunday.
1 January 648, Tuesday
(-473,844) week 67,692
8/5/647, Tuesday (-474,082)
1/5/647, Tuesday (-474,089)
1 April 647, Sunday (-474,119) Easter Sunday.
1 January 647, Monday
(-474,209)
8/5/646, Monday (-474,447)
Tuesday (-474,474)
9 April 646, Sunday (-474,476) Easter Sunday.
1 January 646, Sunday
(-474,574)
8/5/645, Sunday (-474,812)
24 April 645, Sunday (-474,826) Easter Sunday.
1 January 645, Saturday
(-474,939)
3 November 644, Wednesday (-474,998) Caliph Umar was assassinated. Uthman
promoted the formal writing down of the Quran.
8/5/644, Saturday (-475,177)
4 April 644, Sunday (-475,211) Easter Sunday.
1 January 644, Thursday
(-475,305)
Tuesday (-475,475)
8/5/643, Thursday (-475,543)
13 April 643, Sunday (-475,568) Easter Sunday
1 January 643, Wednesday
(-475,670)
=============================================================================
17 September 642. Alexandria, Egypt, surrendered to the Arabs led by
Amr Ibn Al-As. Amr invaded Syria in 633 and attacked Egypt in 639, taking
Pelusium in January 640 and Heliopolis in June 640. In 646 Amr defeated a Greek attempt to retake Alexandria.
Amr died, as governor of Egypt, on 6 January 664. The Arabs moved on south to
conquer Nubia, also conquering Cyrenicia and Tripolitania in 643.
5 August 642. Death of the
Christian King Oswald of Northumbria
at the Battle of Maserfield, lost to the invading Kingdom of Mercia, under the
pagan King Penda. King Oswald had succeeded to the Kingdom
of Bernicia in 634 and in 635 reunited the whole of Northumbria under his rule
Northumbria had previously been converted to Christianity by Paulinus� but had relapsed under the heathen successors
to Edwin. Oswald was a Christian
and sent for a new Bishop. Paulinus had been a member of the Roman Church but
his successor was from the Celtic church, the monastery of Iona, which Oswald
had visited during his exile. The first monk sent under Oswald failed to make
any headway amongst the �uncouth Northumbrians� but a second, Aidan, was sent
as Bishop of Northumbria. Aidan retained his See when the Mercians defeated and
slew Oswald, and Aidan died at
Bamburgh on 31 August 651.
8/5/642, Wednesday (-475,908)
24 March 642, Sunday (-476,5953) Easter Sunday.
1 January 642, Tuesday
(-476,035) week 68,005
=========================================================================
8/5/641, Tuesday (-476,273)
8 April 641, Sunday (-476,303) Easter Sunday.
1 January 641, Monday
(-476,400)
=========================================================================
Tuesday (-476,476)
10 July 640, Monday
(-476,575)
6 July 640, Thursday (-476,579) The Battle of Heliopolis was fought
between Arab Muslim armies and the Byzantine Empire.
8/5/640, Monday (-476,638)
16 April 640, Sunday (-476,660) Easter Sunday.
20 January 640, Thursday (-476,747) Eadbald, King of Kent, died and was
succeeded by his son Earconberht.
1 January 640, Saturday
(-476,766)
=================================================================================
8/5/639, Saturday (-477,004)
28 March 639, Sunday (-477,045)
Easter Sunday.
9 January 639, Saturday (-477,123) Dagobert I, last Frankish King of the
Merovingian Dynasty died (born 605, ruled from 629).
1 January 639, Friday
(-477,131)
===============================================================================
8/5/638, Friday (-477,369)
5 April 638, Sunday (-477,402) Easter Sunday.
Tuesday (-477,477)
1 January 638, Thursday
(-477,496)
1 June 637, Sunday
(-477,710) Battle of Qadissiya. Islamic forces had to attack again to quell
a Persian resurgence. After Islamic reinforcements arrived, the Sassanid
Persians were finally defeated and the Persian capital Ctesiphon fell to the
Arabs after a two-month siege.
8/5/637, Thursday (-477,734)
20 April 637, Sunday (-477,752)
Easter Sunday.
1 January 637, Wednesday
(-477,861)
1 November 636, Sunday (-477,920)
1 September 636, Thursday (-477,979)
15 August 636. Monday (-477,996) (Islam) The Byzantine army was crushed by
the Moslem Arabs at the Battle of Yarmuk,
on the River Yarmuk, east of the Sea of Galilee. The Arabs, who took Damascus
in 635, now controlled all of Syria. In 637 the Arabs destroyed the Persian
army at the Battle of Qadisiyya. Jerusalem
was captured by the Arabs in 638 under Caliph Umar.
8/5/636, Wednesday (-478,099)
8 April 636, Monday (-478,129)
31 March 636, Sunday (-478,137) Easter Sunday.
1 January 636, Monday
(-478,227)
8/5/635, Monday (-478,465)
Tuesday (-478,478)
9 April 635, Sunday (-478,494) Easter Sunday.
1 January 635, Sunday
(-478,592)
1 November 634, Tuesday (-478,653)
1 September 634, Thursday (-478,714)
22 August 634, Monday (-478,724) (Islam) Caliph Abu Bakr died and was
succeeded by Umar, an advisor of Muhammed. Umar reigned till 644, and during
this time Islam spread to Syria, Persia and Egypt.
30 July 634, Saturday (-478,447) (Roman Empire) The Byzantine army of
Emperor Heraclius, defending Damascus against an alliance of Arab raiders, was
defeated by Khalid at the Battle of Ajnadayn in southern Palestine.
8/5/634, Sunday (-478,830)
24 April 634, Sunday (-478,844) Easter Sunday.
1 January 634, Saturday (-478,957)
8/5/633, Saturday (-479,195)
4 April 633, Sunday (-479,229)
1 January 633, Friday
(-479,322)
==========================================================================
Tuesday (-479,479)
8 June 632. Monday (-479,529) Mohammed
died, aged about 62.� He was buried in Mecca.� See 16 July 622.
8/5/632, Friday (-479,560)
12 April 632, Sunday (-479,586) Easter Sunday
1 January 632, Wednesday
(-479,688)
8/5/631, Wednesday (-479,926)
24 March 631, Sunday (-479,971) Easter Sunday.
1 January 631, Tuesday
(-480,053)
===========================================================================
8/5/630, Tuesday (-480,291)
8 April 630, Sunday (-480,321) Easter Sunday
1 January 630, Monday
(-480,418)
Tuesday (-480,480)
10 August 629, Wednesday
(-480,563) The Avars admitted defeat and called off their siege of
Constantinople.
29 June 629, Thursday
(-480,604) An Avar army with also many Germans, Slavs and Bulgars began a
siege of Constantinople.
8/5/629, Monday (-480,656)
16 April 629, Sunday (-480,678) Easter Sunday.
1 January 629, Sunday
(-480,783)
8/5/628, Sunday (-481,021)
3 April 628, Saturday (-481,057) Death of King Chosrau II �Parviz�,
Sassanid King of Persia from 588. He was the grandson of Chosrau I. Chosrau II
came close to defeating the� Byzantine
Empire in 626, when his armies stood across the Bosphorus from Constantinople
itself. However Emperor Hercaclius led a counter-attack and defeated Chosrau II
at Nineveh in 627. Subsequently Chosrau II was deposed and executed by his son,
Kavadh II. Meanwhwhile Heraclius entered Jerusalem and restored the �True
Cross� to its rightful place in 630.
27 March 628, Sunday (-481,063) Easter Sunday.
1 January 628, �Friday (481,149)
=====================================================================
8/5/627, Friday (-481,387)
12 April 627, Sunday (-481,413)
Easter Sunday. Paulinus, last of the missionaries send by Pope Gregory I, built
a wooden church in the old Roman legionary headquarters in York and baptised
Edwin of Northumbria as the first Christian king in Northern England.
Tuesday (-481,481)
1 January 627, Thursday
(-481,514)
================================================================================
10 July 626, Thursday
(-484,689) Persian ships had allied with Avar lad forces� in attacking Constantinople, but this day had
to withdraw, the Persians unable to land and the Avars suffering food
shortages. Avar migrations had steadily arrived in the Balkans since ca. 600,
albeit briefly halted by Byzantine emperor Phocas in 604. In 617 the Avars had
made an assault on Constantinople, whilst Byzantium was preoccupied with
frothing Persia. However this day the Byzantine Navy managed to see off the
combined attack.
12 June 626, Thursday
(-481,717) Heraclius, Byzantium,� had
advanced far into Persian territory. He had crossed the Zab River, in what is
now Kurdish Iraq, and was threatening Chosroe�s palace at Dastagird. At the
Battle of Nineveh this day, Rhahzadh, the Sassanid commander, was killed.
Chosroe II was killed by his two sons, and Byzantium and Persia agreed a truce advantageous
to Byzantium, which gained territory. However the weakening of the Persian
Empire created an opportunity for Islamic expansion, which was to be the next
foe for Byzantium to contend with.
8/5/626, Thursday (-481,752)
1 January 626, Wednesday (-481,879)
8/5/625, Wednesday (-482,117)
31 March 625, Sunday (-482,155) Easter Sunday.
1 January 625, Tuesday
(-482,244) week 68,892
===========================================================================
8/5/624, Tuesday (-482,482)
1 January 624, Sunday
(-482,610)
25 September 623, Sunday (-482,708) St Finbar, Bishop of Cork, died at Cloyne,
Ireland. Originally called Lochan, he was rechristened Fionnbarr, meaning
�fairhead�, after the colour of his hair. He evangelised and founded several
schools.
8/5/623, Sunday (-482,848)
27 March 623, Sunday (-482,790) Easter Sunday.
1 January 623, Saturday
(-482,975)
=========================================================================
16 July 622. Friday (-483,144) The traditional starting day of
the Islamic era, when Muhammad fled persecution in Mecca for
the city of Medina,
then known as Yattrib. This flight is called the Hejirah. In Arabia around 610,
Mohammed had called for an end to the
demons and idols of the Arab religion and to convert to monotheistic worship of Allah. Born
around 570, Mohammed was of the Quraysh tribe, a Bedouin tribe in the Arabian
peninsula. This tribe occupied Mecca, a wealthy caravan trading centre, and
Mohammed was married to a wealthy widow. Arabs also came to Mecca to worship at
the Kaaba, a black meteoric
stone of which the Qurayshi are guardians. Mohammed denounced the idol worship associated with the Kaaba, and made enemies of some
wealthy merchants, especially with his calls to help the poor. Mohammed died on
8 June 632. He saw himself as an instrument of God. His new religion was called
Islam, meaning submission; its adherents were Moslems, or those who submit. In
630 the citizens of Mecca
accepted his new religion; in return Mohammed agreed that the Kaaba should
remain as a place of pilgrimage for Moslems.
12 June 622, Saturday (-483,178)
8/5/622, Saturday (-483,213)
4 April 622, Sunday (-483,247) Easter Sunday.
1 January 622, Friday
(-483,340)
Tuesday (-483,483)
8/5/621, Friday (-483,578)
19 April 621, Sunday (-483,597) Easter Sunday.
1 January 621, Thursday
(-483,705)
8/5/620, Thursday (-483,943)
8 April 620, Tuesday (-483,973)
30 March 620, Sunday (-483,982) Easter Sunday.
1 January 620, Tuesday
(-484,071) week 69,153
8/5/619, Tuesday (-484,309)
8 April 619, Sunday (-484,339) Easter Sunday.
1 January 619, Monday
(-484,436)
Tuesday (-484,484)
8/5/618, Monday (-484,674)
16 April 618, Sunday (-484,696) Easter Sunday.
1 January 618, Sunday
(-484,801)
8/5/617, Sunday (-485,039)
3 April 617, Sunday (-485,074) Easter Sunday.
1 January 617, Saturday
(-485,166)
8/5/616, Saturday (-485,404)
11 April 616, Sunday (-485,431) Easter Sunday.
24 February 616, Tuesday
(-485,478) Accession of King Eadbald of Kent.
31 January 616, Saturday
(-485,502)
1 January 616, Thursday
(-485,532)
===========================================================================
615,
29 July 615,� Tuesday (-485,688) Queen
Sal K�uk was succeeded by her son Pacal the Great as ruler of the Maya city
state Palenque (Mexico). He began a building program at his capital that
produced some of Maya civilization's finest art and architecture.
10 July 615, Thursday (-485, 707)
8/5/615, Thursday (-485,770)
1 January 615, Wednesday
(-485,897)
=============================================================================
614,
25 December 614, Wednesday (-485,904)
23 October 614, Wednesday (-485,967)
15 October 614. Tuesday (-485,975) Chlothar II, now sole ruler of the Franks
after the execution of Queen Brunhild, issued the Edict of Paris, in an attempt
to stamp out corruption in his dominions.
8/5/614,� Wednesday (-486,135)
5/5/614. Sunday (-486,138) The Persians
completed the conquest of Syria by capturing
Jerusalem. They seized the �true cross�, the most holy relic of
Christendom. However on 3 April 628 the Persian ruler Kavadh sued for peace
with Byzantium. He handed back Armenia, Byzantine Mesopotamia, Syria,
Palestine, and Egypt, as well as the �true cross�. This cross was restored to
Jerusalem by Heraclius on 21 March 630.
31 March 614, Sunday (-486,173) Easter Sunday.
1 January 614, Tuesday
(-486,262) week 69,466
==================================================================================
Tuesday (-486,486)
8/5/613, Tuesday (-486,500)
15
April 613, Sunday (-486,523) Easter Sunday.
1 January 613, Monday (-486,627)
8/5/612, Monday (-486,865)
26 April 612, Wednesday (-486,877)
26 March 612, Sunday (-486,908) Easter Sunday.
1 January 612, Saturday
(-486,993)
8/5/611, Saturday (-487,231)
4 April 611, Sunday (-487,265)
Easter Sunday.
1 January 611, Friday
(-487,358)
1 November 610, Sunday (-487,419)
5 October 610, Monday (-487,446) The son of the military garrison of Roman
Africa, Heraclius, assassinated Phocas, who had proved inept at fending off
threats from the Avars to the north and the Persians to the east, and made
himself Emperor. Heraclius was a good military leader, and gained the advantage
over the Persians.
Tuesday (-487,487)
8/5/610, Friday (-487,596)
19 April 610, Sunday (-487,615) Easter Sunday.
1 January 610, Thursday
(-487,723)
13/5/609, Tuesday (-487,956)
The Pantheon in Rome was consecrated as "St. Mary and the Martyrs"
(informally known as "Santa Maria Rotonda") by Pope Boniface IV.
8/5/609, Thursday (-487,961)
30 April 609, Wednesday (-487,969)
1 April 609, Tuesday (-487,998)
30 March 609, Sunday (-488,000) Easter Sunday.
1 January 609, Wednesday
(-488,088)
8/5/608, Wednesday (-488,326)
7 April 608, Sunday (-488,357)
Tuesday (-488,488)
1 January 608, Monday
(-488,454)
8/5/607, Monday (-488,692)
23 April 607, Sunday (-488,707) Easter Sunday.
1 January 607, Sunday
(-488,819)
8/5/606, Sunday (-489,057)
3 April 606, Sunday (-489,092) Easter Sunday
1 January 606, Saturday
(-489,184)
11 April 605, Sunday (-489,449) Easter Sunday.
Tuesday (-489,489)
1 January 605, Friday
(-489,549)
8/5/604, Friday (-489,787)
22 March 604, Sunday (-489,834) ) Easter Sunday.
12 March 604. Thursday (-489,844) Pope Gregory the Great died in Rome.
Aged 64, he had been Pope for 14 years. He was the son of a Senator, and
wealthy, but at the age of 33 sold off his property and gave the money to the
poor. He founded several� monasteries,
and entered one himself. Pope Gregory had
appointed Bishop Augustine of Hippo to begin the work of introducing
Christianity to the Anglo-Saxons.
1 January 604, Wednesday
(-489,915)
=============================================================================
8/5/603, Wednesday (-490,153)
7 April 603, Sunday (-490,184) Easter Sunday.
1 January 603, Tuesday
(-490,280) week 70,400
Tuesday (-490,490)
8/5/602, Tuesday (-490,518)
15
April 602, Sunday (-490,541) Easter Sunday.
1 January 602, Monday (-490,645)
8/5/601, Monday (-490,883)
26 March 601, Sunday (-490,926) Easter Sunday.
1 January 601, Sunday
(-491,010)
8/5/600, Sunday (-491,248)
10 April 600, Sunday (-491,276) Easter Sunday.
16 February 600, Tuesday (-491,330) Pope Gregory I decreed that a sneeze
should be responded to by �God bless you�.
1 January 600, Friday
(-491,376) The Law of Ethelbert, King of Kent 560-616, set out the following
compensation payments for various injuries. Cutting off an ear, 12 shillings,
or 25 shillings if the victim was also deaf in the other ear. Striking out an
eye, 50 shillings. Breaking the chin bone, 20 shillings. Knocking out one front
tooth, 6 shillings; for an additional tooth injured, 4 shillings; for a third
tooth, 3 shillings, for each tooth injured beyond that, 1 shilling each.
===============================================================================
Tuesday (-491,491)
8/5/599, Friday (-491,614)
1 January 599, Thursday
(-491,741)
============================================================================
4 August 598, Friday (-491,887) Emperor Wendi ordered his youngest son,
Yang Liang, to conquer Korea during the rainy season, with a Chinese army
(300,000 men).
10 July 598, Thursday (-491,916)
8/5/598, Thursday (-491,979)
30 March 598, Sunday (-492,018) Easter Sunday.
1 January 598, Wednesday
(-492,106)
==============================================================================
25 December 597, Wednesday (-492,113) At Christmas, Christianity spread
rapidly in Kent, Augustine and his fellow-labourers baptised more than 10,000
Anglo-Saxons.
9 June 597, Thursday (-492,343) Columba, Irish missionary, died in Iona
(Inner Hebrides) and was buried by his monks in the abbey he created. He worked
successfully towards the conversion of northern Britain.
8/5/597, Wednesday (-492,344)
14 April 597, Sunday (-492,368) Easter Sunday
1 January 597, Tuesday
(-492,471) week 70,353
Tuesday (-492,492)
8/5/596, Tuesday (-492,709)
22 April 596, Sunday (-492,725) Easter Sunday.
1 January 596, Sunday
(-492,837)
8/5/595, Sunday (-493,075)
3 April 595, Sunday (-493,110) Easter Sunday.
1 January 595, Saturday
(-493,202)
8/5/594, Saturday (-493,440)
11 April 594, Sunday (-493,467) Easter Sunday.
Tuesday (-493,493)
1 January 594, Friday
(-493,567)
8/5/593, Friday (-493,805)
29 March 593, Sunday (-493,845) Easter Sunday.
1 January 593, Thursday
(-493,932)
===========================================================================
8/5/592, Thursday (-494,170)
6 April 592, Sunday (-494,202) Easter Sunday
1 January 592, Tuesday
(-494,298) week 70,614
Tuesday (-494,494)
8/5/591, Tuesday (-494,536)
1 January 591, Monday
(-494,663)
==========================================================================
11 September 590, Monday (-494,775)
3 September 590, Sunday (-494,783) Gregory the Great was consecrated Pope.
10 July 590, Monday (-494,838)
8/5/590, Monday (-494,901)
26 March 590, Sunday (-494,944) Easter Sunday.
7 February 590, Tuesday (-494,991) Pope Pelagius II fell victim to the
plague that devastated Rome. After a 11-year reign he was succeeded by Gregory
I, age 50, as the 64th Pope.
1 January 590, Sunday
(-495,028)
============================================================================
8/5/589, Sunday (-495,266)
10 April 589, Sunday (-495,294) Easter Sunday.
1 January 589, Saturday
(-495,393)
Tuesday (-495,495)
8/5/588, Saturday (-495,631)
18 April 588, Sunday (-495,651) Easter Sunday.
1 January 588, Thursday
(-495,759)
8/5/587, Thursday (-495,997)
30 March 587, Sunday (-496,036) Easter Sunday.
1 January 587, Wednesday
(-496,124)
=======================================================================
8/5/586, Wednesday (-496,362)
14 April 586, Sunday (-496,386) Easter Sunday
1 January 586, Tuesday
(-496,489) week 70,927
Tuesday (-496,496)
8/5/585, Tuesday (-496,727)
25 March 585, Sunday (-496,771) Easter Sunday.
1 January 585, Monday
(-496,854)
======================================================================
8/5/584, Monday (-497,092)
2 April 584, Sunday (-497,128) Easter Sunday.
1 January 584, Saturday
(-497,220)
8/5/583, Saturday (-497,458)
18 April 583, Sunday (-497,478) Easter Sunday.
Tuesday (-497,497)
1 January 583, Friday
(-497,585)
8/5/582, Friday (-497,823)
29 March 582, Sunday (-498,863 Easter Sunday.
1 January 582, Thursday
(-498,950)
=====================================================================
8/5/581, Thursday (-498,188)
6 April 581, Sunday (-498,220) Easter Sunday.
1 January 581, Wednesday
(-498,315)
Tuesday (-498,498)
8/5/580, Wednesday (-498,553)
21
April 580, Sunday (-498,570) Easter Sunday.
1 January 580, Monday (-498,681)
8/5/579, Monday (-498,919)
8 April 579, Saturday (-498,949)
2 April 579, Sunday (-498,955) Easter Sunday.
1 January 579, Sunday
(-499,046)
8/5/578, Sunday (-499,284)
10 April 578, Sunday (-499,312) Easter Sunday.
1 January 578, Saturday
(-499,411)
Tuesday (-499,499)
8/5/577, Saturday (-499,649)
25 April 577, Sunday (-499,662) Easter Sunday.
1 January 577, Friday
(-499,776)
22/5/576, Friday (-500,000)
8/5/576, Friday (-500,014)
7 April 576, Tuesday (-500,045)
5 April 576, Sunday (-500,047) Easter Sunday
1 January 576, Wednesday
(-500,142)
7 April 575, Sunday (-500,411)
Tuesday (-500,500)
1 January 575, Tuesday
(-500,507) week 71,501
7 April 574, Saturday (-500,776)
25 March 574, Sunday (-500,789) Easter Sunday.
1 January 574, Monday
(-500,872)
9 April 573, Sunday (-501,139)
Easter Sunday.
7 April 573, Friday (-501,141)
1 January 573, Sunday
(-501,237)
Tuesday (-501,501)
7 April 572, Thursday (-501,506)
1 January 572, Friday
(-501,603)
7 April 571, Tuesday (-501,872)
29 March 571, Sunday (-501,881) Easter Sunday.
1 January 571, Thursday
(-501,968)
20 April 570, Sunday (-502,224) Birth of prophet Mohammed, founder of Islam.
6 April 570, Sunday (-502,238) Easter Sunday.
1 January 570, Wednesday
(-502,333)
Tuesday (-502,502)
21
April 569, Sunday (-502,588) Easter Sunday.
7
April 569, Sunday (-502,602)
1 January 569, Tuesday (-502,698) week 71,814
7
April 568, Saturday (-502,967)
1 April 568. Sunday (-502,973) Easter Sunday. King Albion of the Lombards (King since 565, died 573), a
Germanic tribe, assembled an
army that included his allies, 20,000 Saxons, in order to cross the Alps and
form a settlement in Italy. The Lombards may have been invited to attack Italy
by the Byzantine General Narses. Milan was occupied by the Lombards on 4
September 569 and Lombard rule
established in northern Italy.
1 January 568, Sunday
(-503,064)
10 April 567, Sunday (-503,330) Easter Sunday.
7 April 567, Thursday (-503,333)
1 January 567, Saturday
(-503,429)
Tuesday (-503,503)
7 April 566, Wednesday (-503,698)
28 March 566, Sunday (-503,708)
Easter Sunday.
1 January 566, Friday
(-503,794)
==============================================================================
25 December 565, Friday (-503,801)
14 November 565, Saturday (-503,842) Byzantine Emperor Justinian I died after a
38-year reign (born 483); succeeded by his nephew, Justin II (died 578).
12 September 565, Saturday (-503,905)
22 August 565, Saturday (-503,926) First recorded sighting of the Loch Ness
Monster, by St Columba.
7 April 565, Tuesday (-504,063)
5 April 565, Sunday (-504,065) Easter Sunday.
1 January 565, Thursday
(-504,159)
13 April 564, Sunday (-504,422) Easter Sunday
7 April 564, Monday (-504,428)
Tuesday (-504,504)
1 January 564, Tuesday
(-504,525) week 72,075
24 December 563, Monday
(-504,533) The church of Hagia Sofia, Constantinople, was re-dedicated,
after reconstruction (see 7/5/558).
7 April 563, Saturday (-504,794)
25 March 563, Sunday (-504,807) Easter Sunday.
1 January 563, Monday
(-504,890)
9 April 562, Sunday (-505,157)
Easter Sunday.
7 April 562, Friday (-505,159)
1 January 562, Sunday
(-505,255)
===============================================================
25 December 561, Sunday (-505,262)
29 November 561, Tuesday (-505,288) King Chlothar I ("the Old"),
son of Clovis I, died at Compeigne at age 64. The Merovingian Dynasty was
continued by his four sons �Charibert I, Guntram, Sigbert I, and Chilperic I.
Chlothar I had reunited the realms of his father Clovis but upon Chlothar�s
death his lands were again divided amongst his four sons. Charibert ruled the
Paris region, Guntram received Burgundy, Sigbert ruled Metz, and Chilperic
ruled north of Soissons.
Tuesday (-505,505)
17 April 561, Sunday (-505,514) Easter Sunday.
7 April 561, Thursday (-505,524)
2 March 561, Wednesday (-565,560) Pope Pelagius I died.
1 January 561, Saturday
(-505,620)
========================================================================
7 April 560, Wednesday (-505,889)
28 March 560, Sunday (-505,899)
Easter Sunday.
1 January 560, Thursday
(-505,986)
13 April 559, Sunday (-506,249) Easter Sunday
7 April 559, Monday (-506,255)
1 January 559, Wednesday
(-506,351)
Tuesday (-506,506)
7/5/558, Friday (-506,594) In Constantinople, the dome of the Hagia
Sophia collapsed due to an earthquake. Emperor Justinian I ordered the dome to
be rebuilt.
21
April 558, Sunday (-506,606) Easter Sunday.
7
April 558, Sunday (-506,620)
1 January 558, Tuesday (-506,716) week 72,388
7
April 557, Saturday (-506,985)
1 April 557, Sunday (-506,991) Easter Sunday.
1 January 557, Monday
(-507,081)
16 April 556, Sunday (-507,341) Easter Sunday.
7 April 556, Friday (-507,350)
1 January 556, Saturday
(-507,447)
Tuesday (-507,507)
7 April 555, Wednesday (-507,716)
28 March 555, Sunday (-507,726)
Easter Sunday.
1 January 555, Friday
(-507,812)
7 April 554, Tuesday (-508,081)
5 April 554, Sunday (-508,083) Easter Sunday.
1 January 554, Thursday
(-508,177)
20 April 553, Sunday (-508,433)
Easter Sunday.
7 April 553, Monday (-508,446)
Tuesday (-508,508)
1 January 553, Wednesday
(-508,542)
7 April 552, Sunday (-508,811)
31 March 552, Sunday (-508,818) Easter Sunday.
1 January 552, Monday
(-508,908)
9 April 551, Sunday (-509,175)
Easter Sunday.
7 April 551, Friday (-509,177)
1 January 551, Sunday
(-509,273)
Tuesday (-509,509)
24 April 550, Sunday (-509,525)
Easter Sunday.
7 April 550, Thursday (-509,542)
1 January 550, Saturday
(-509,638)
7 April 549, Wednesday (-509,907)
4 April 549, Sunday (-509,910) Easter Sunday.
1 January 549, Friday
(-510,003)
12 April 548, Sunday (-510,267) Easter Sunday.
7 April 548, Tuesday
(-510,272)
1 January 548, Wednesday (-510,369)
Tuesday (-510,510)
7 April 547, Sunday
(-510,638)
24 March 547, Sunday (-510,652) Easter Sunday.
1 January 547, Tuesday
(-510,734) week 72,962
=======================================================================
25 December 546, Tuesday (-510,741)
17 December 546. Monday (-510,749) Ostrogothic King Totila captured Rome
after a years siege. The city had been deserted by all but 500 of its civilian
inhabitants.� However Byzantine commander
Belisarius re-occupied the deserted city of Rome in 547 and rebuilt its
defences.
8 April 546, Sunday (-511,002) Easter Sunday.
7 April 546, Saturday (-511,003)
1 January 546, Monday
(-511,099)
16 April 545, Sunday (-511,359) Easter Sunday.
7 April 545, Friday (-511,368)
1 January 545, Sunday
(-511,464)
Tuesday (-511,511)
7 April 544, Thursday (-511,733)
27 March 544, Sunday (-511,744) Easter Sunday.
1 January 544, Friday
(-511,830)
7 April 543, Tuesday (-512,099)
5 April 543, Sunday (-512,101) Easter Sunday.
1 January 543, Thursday
(-512,195)
20 April 542, Sunday (-512,451)
Easter Sunday.
7 April 542, Monday (-512,464)
Tuesday (-512,512)
1 January 542, Wednesday
(-512,560)
7 April 541, Sunday (-512,829)
31 March 541, Sunday (-512,836) Easter Sunday.
1 January 541, Tuesday
(-512,925) week 73,275
8 April 540, Sunday (-513,193)
Easter Sunday.
1 January 540, Sunday
(-513,291)
========================================================================
25 December 539, Sunday (-513,298)
29 November 539, Tuesday (513,324) Antioch was struck by an earthquake.
Tuesday (-513,513)
24 April 539, Sunday (-513,543)
Easter Sunday.
7 April 539, Thursday (-513,560)
1 January 539, Saturday
(-513,656)
7 April 538, Wednesday (-513,925)
4 April 538, Sunday (-513,928) Easter Sunday.
12 March 538, Friday (-513,951) Vitiges realised that Rome was not being
starved, and the arrival of a Byzantine fleet in the Tiber with 5,000 more man
forced him to raise the siege. Vitiges then marched to Ravenna where he
besieged John the Sanguinary in Rimini.
1 January 538, Friday
(-514,021)
========================================================================
27 December 537. Sunday (-514,026) �(Roman Empire) Emperor
Justinian of Constantinople opened the Church of St Sophia, five years after
building started. It was hailed as the finest church in Christendom. It
replaced an original church to St Sophia built by Constantine in 330 but burnt
down in the rebellion of 532. However this church collapsed� on 7/5/558, severely weakened by an
earthquake in December 557. A third St Sophia was built, and completed on 24
December 562. The dome was designed by the mathematician Anthemius of Tralles,
who is also said to have invented a device that used steam power to produce artificial earthquakes.
12 April 537, Sunday (-514,285) Easter Sunday.
7 April 537, Tuesday
(-514,290)
21 March 537, Saturday
(-514,307) Defenders of Rome using arrows, catapults and ballistae
inflicted heavy losses on the Goths under King Witgis besieging the city. The
Goth forces were now too depleted to keep a continuous siege ring around the
city.
2 March 537, Monday
(-514,326) Vitiges, leader of the Goths, began laying siege to Rome.
1 January 537, Thursday
(-514,386)
==========================================================================
25 December 536, Thursday
(-514,393)
9 December 536. Tuesday (-514,409) Byzantine
commander Belisarius, having captured Naples earlier in 536, now took Rome from the Ostrogoths �In 534 Belisarius had defeated the Vandals in
north Africa.
Tuesday (-514,514)
7 April 536, Monday (-514,655)
24 March 536, Monday (-514,669) (Roman
Empire) Procopius, Cassiodorus
and other Roman historians recorded that a heavy dust cloud spread across
Europe from this day onwards. It was to stay put for 18 months, and in 539
another such cloud stayed in the sky for several months. There were summer
frosts and snow showers as temperatures plummeted, and crops failed to ripen
because of lack of light and the cold. Widespread food shortages led to the
Justinian Plague (541-3), named after the Roman Emperor of the time, which
wiped out a third of Europeans. The
cause has been linked to a series of huge volcanic eruptions in North America
in 535-6, and again in 539.
23 March 536, Sunday (-514,670) Easter Sunday.
1 January 536, Tuesday
(-514,752) week 73,536
8 April 535, Sunday (-515,020)
Easter Sunday.
7 April 535, Saturday (-515,021)
1 January 535, Monday
(-515,117)
=========================================================================
25 December 534, Monday (-515,124)
23 October 534, Monday (-515,187)
2 October 534. Monday (-515,208) Death
of Athalaric, King of the Ostrogoths in Italy. Grandson of Theodoric, he
was born in 516 and became King in 526; aged ten, his mother Amalasuntha held
the Regency.
16 April 534, Sunday (-515,377) Easter Sunday.
7 April 534, Friday (-515,386)
1 January 534, Sunday
(-515,482)
===========================================================================
25 December 533, Sunday (-515,489)
23 October 533, Sunday (-515,552)
15 September 533, Thursday (-515,590) Byzantine forces under Belisarius
occupied Carthage.
13 September 533, Tuesday (-515,592) At the Battle of Ad Decimum, near
Carthage (Tunisia), Byzantine forces under Belisarius defeated the Vandal army
under King Gelimer, and his brother Tzazo.
Tuesday (-515,515)
7 April 533, Thursday (-515,751)
27 March 533, Sunday (-515,762) Easter Sunday.
1 January 533, Saturday
(-515,847)
=======================================================================
25 December 532, Saturday (-515,854)
8/5/532, Saturday (-516,085)
7 April 532, Wednesday (-516,116)
13 January 532, Tuesday (-516,201) Major riot in Constantinople against
Emperor Justinian, caused by heavy taxes and corrupt government.
1 January 532, Thursday
(-516,213)
7 April 531, Monday (-516,482)
1 January 531, Wednesday
(-516,578)
Tuesday (-516,516)
7 April 530, Sunday (-516,847)
1 January 530, Tuesday
(-516,943) week 73,849
7 April 529, Saturday (-517,212)
1 January 529, Monday
(-517,308)
Tuesday (-517,517)
7 April 528, Friday (-517,577)
1 January 528, Saturday
(-517,674)
============================================================================
25 December 527, Saturday (-517,681)
23 October 527, Saturday (-517,744)
21 August 527, Saturday (-517,807)
1 August 527, Sunday (-517,827) Byzantine Emperor Justin I died aged 77. He
was succeeded by Justinian (Flavius Petrus) who began a 38-year reign, strongly
influenced by his 19-year-old wife Theodora, until her death in 545.
7 April 527, Wednesday (-517,943)
1 January 527, Friday
(-518,039)
==========================================================================
25 December 526, Friday (-518,046)
23 October 526, Friday (-518,109)
30 August 526, Sunday (-518,163) (Roman Empire) Theodoric the Great, King of
the Ostrogoths, died. He was succeeded by his 10 year old grandson Athalaric,
with his grandmother Amalasuntha as Regent.
21 August 526, Friday (-518,172)
7 April 526, Tuesday (-518,308)
1 January 526, Thursday
(-518,404)
Tuesday (-518,518)
7 April 525, Monday (-518,673)
1 January 525, Wednesday
(-518,769)
25 June 524, Tuesday (-518,959) Battle of Vezeronce. The four children of
Clovis united against the Burgundians. There�
was a revenge motive for this action because their grandfather King
Childperic I of Burgnndy had been killed by his brother Gundobad, whose son
Sigismund was King of Burgundy in 524. Sigismund was captured and taken to
Orleans by Choldomir. However Sigismund�s brother Godomar mustered a new
Burgundian Army and drove the Franks out of Burgundy. Choldomir then ordered
the execution of Sigismund, but later on Choldomir himself was killed in
fighting against the Burgundians.�
Godomar remained as ruler of at least part of Burgundy until his
overthrow and death in 534.
9 June 524, Sunday (-518,975)
7 April 524, Sunday (-519,038)
1 January 524, Monday
(-519,135)
7 April 523, Friday (-519,404)
1 January 523, Sunday
(-519,500)
Tuesday (-519,519)
7 April 522, Thursday (-519,769)
1 January 522, Saturday
(-519,865)
7 December 521, St Columba was born at Gartan,
Donegal, Ireland.
7 April 521, Wednesday (-520,134)
1 January 521, Friday (-520,230)
7 April 520, Tuesday (-520,499)
Tuesday (-520,520)
1 January 520, Wednesday
(-520,596)
7 April 519, Sunday (-520,865)
1 January 519, Tuesday (-530,961) week 74,423
9 July 518. Tuesday (-521,136) Death of the Roman Emperor Anastasius I,
in Constantinople. Born no later than 430, he became Emperor at the death of
Zeno, 491. He reduced taxation but was so prudent financially he gained a
reputation for avarice and became unpopular. He fought with Persia, 502 � 505;
neither side gaining much by the time peace was made in 506. The Roman Balkan provinces were overrun by
Slavs and Bulgars; to protect Constantinople Anastasius built the
�Anastasian Wall� in 512. He also had to deal with a rebellion in the European
provinces in 514-515, the rebels being assisted by the Huns.
9 June 518, Saturday (-521,167)
7 April 518, Saturday (-521,230)
1 January 518, Monday
(-521,326)
Tuesday (-521,521)
7 April 517, Friday (-521,595)
1 January 517, Sunday
(-531,691)
7 April 516, Thursday (-521,960)
1 January 516, Friday
(-522,057)
7 April 515, Tuesday (-522,326)
1 January 515, Thursday
(-522,422)
Tuesday (-522,522)
7 April 514, Monday (-522,691)
1 January 514, Wednesday
(-522,787)
7 April 513, Sunday (-523,056)
1 January 513, Tuesday
(-523,152) week 74,736
7 April 512, Saturday (-523,421)
1 January 512, Sunday
(-523,518)
Tuesday (-523,523)
===============================================================================
25 December 511, Sunday
(-523,530)
27 November 511. Sunday (-523,558) Clovis,
King of the Franks, son of Childeric I, founder of the Merovingian Dynasty,
died aged 45 in Paris. His kingdom was divided up amongst his four sons,
Theuderic in Reims, Chlodomer in Orleans, Childebert in Paris, and Clothar in
Soissons.
Clovis had been a pagan,
one of the Franks, who unlike the other Germanic tribes, had not converted to
Christianity. But he had married a Burgundian princess, Clotilda, who was
Christian. She sought to convert her husband. During the Battle of Tolbiac
(Zulpich, Germany), against the Alemanni, Clovis promised to convert if his wife�s God would grant him
victory. Although Clovis� troops were on the verge of defeat, the Alemanni King
was killed and his army surrendered. Clovis was then baptised by �Saint�
Remigius in Reims Cathedral, perhaps on 25 December 496; although a later
baptism date in 488 or 489 is also possible. Clovis failed to take the Burgundian Kingdom to the south-east.
However he did defeat the Visigoths in
southwest Gaul, in 507. In recognition of this victory, Clovis was granted an honorary
consulship by the eastern Roman Emperor, Anastasius. This gave Clovis a status above other western
kings, and legitimised his rulership among his Gallic-Roman citizens. When he
died in 511, Clovis was sole ruler of three quarters of Gaul.
7 April 511, Thursday (-523,787)
1 January 511, Saturday
(-523,883)
7 April 510, Wednesday (-524,152)
1 January 510, Friday
(-524,248)
7 April 509, Tuesday (-524,517)
Tuesday (-524,524)
1 January 509, Thursday
(-524,613)
7 April 508, Monday (-524,882)
1 January 508, Tuesday
(-524,979)
7 April 507, Saturday (-525, 248)
1 January 507, Monday
(-525,344)
Tuesday (-525,525)
7 April 506, Friday (-525,613)
1 January 506, Sunday
(-525,709)
7 April 505, Thursday (-525,978)
1 January 505, Saturday
(-526,074)
7 April 504, Wednesday (-526,343)
1 January 504, Thursday
(-526,440)
Tuesday (-526,526)
7 April 503, Monday (-526,709)
1 January 503, Wednesday
(-526,805)
7 April 502, Sunday (-527,074)
29 March 502, Friday (-527,083) Gundobad, King of Burgundy, issued a legal
code at Lyons making Romans and Burgundians subject to the same legal code.
1 January 502, Tuesday
(-527,170)
7 April 501, Saturday (-527,439)
Tuesday (-527,527)
1 January 501, Monday
(-527,535)
1 July 500, Saturday
(-527,719) One shilling was the value of a
cow in Kent, or one sheep elsewhere in Britain. An Atheling (Prince) was worth
1,500 shillings. An Eorl (Nobleman, or Earl) was worth 300 shillings. A Ceorl
(Churl, or Yeoman Farmer) was worth 100 shillings. A Laet, or Agricultural
Serf, was worth between 40 and 80 shillings. A slave (on this system) was
worthless. The family of a murdered man could be compensated for in cash. The ransom
to be paid for lesser offences also varied on these terms; for example
slandering am Atheling would cost the offender five times as much as slandering
an Eorl.
9 June 500, Friday
(-527,741)
7 April 500, Friday
(-527,804)
1
January 500, Saturday (-527,901)
7 April 499, Wednesday
(-528,170)
1 January 499, Friday
(-528,266)
Tuesday (-528,528)
7 April 498, Tuesday
(-528,535)
1
January 498, Thursday (-528,631)
7 April 497, Monday
(-528,900)
1
January 497, Wednesday (-528,996)
25 December 496, Wednesday (-529,003) Clovis I was baptized into the Catholic
faith at Rheims, by Saint Remigius. The conversion strengthened the bonds
between his Gallo-Roman subjects, led by their Catholic bishops.
7 April 496, Sunday (-529,265)
1 January 496, Monday
(-529,362)
Tuesday (-529,529)
7 April 495, Friday (-529,631)
1 January 495, Sunday
(-529,727)
7 April 494, Thursday (-529,996)
1 January 494, Saturday
(-530,092)
7 April 493, Wednesday (-530,361)
15 March 493, Monday (-530,384) Odoacer was killed by Theodoric, King of
the Ostrogoths.
26 February 493, Monday (-530,398) Ravenna capitulated to Theodoric, King of
the Ostrogoths.
1 January 493, Friday
(-530,457)
Tuesday (-530,530)
7 April 492, Tuesday (-530,726)
3 January 492, Friday (-530,821) Pope Felix III died after a 9-year reign
in which he excommunicated Patriarch Acacius of Constantinople, thus dividing
the Western Church and Eastern Church (Acacian Schism). He was succeeded
by Gelasius I as the 49th Pope.
1 January 492, Wednesday
(-530,823)
7 April 491, Sunday (-531,092)
1 January 491, Tuesday
(-531,188) week 75,884
28 August 490, Tuesday (-531,314)
11 August 490, Saturday (-531,331) Theodoric defeated Odoacer at the Battle
of the Adda. Odoacer fled to Ravenna. Theodoric now laid siege to Ravenna until a
naval blockade forced Odoacer to capitulate.
7 April 490, Saturday (-531,457)
Tuesday (-531,531)
1 January 490, Monday
(-531,553)
=========================================================================
25 December 489, Monday
(-531,560)
23 October 489, Monday (-531,623)
30 September 489, Saturday (-531,646) Theodoric conquered Verona.
28 August 489, Monday (-531,679) Odoacer was defeated by Theodoric at the
Battle of the Sontius (now, Isonzo).
7 April 489, Friday (-531,822)
1 January 489, Sunday
(-531,918)
7 April 488, Thursday (-532,187)
1 January 488, Friday
(-532,284)
Tuesday (-532,532)
7 April 487, Tuesday (-532,553)
1 January 487, Thursday
(-532,649)
7 April 486, Monday (-532,918)
1 January 486, Wednesday
(-532,014)
17 April 485, Wednesday (-533,273) (Mathematics) Proclus,
Greek mathematician, died in Athens.
7 April 485, Sunday (-533,283)
1 January 485, Tuesday
(-533,379) week 76,197
Tuesday (-533,533)
2812/484. Friday (-533,383) Alaric II, eighth king of the Visigoths in Spain, succeeded his
father Euric or Evaric. His dominions included all of Spain, except for the
north-west, and also Aquitaine and much of Provence.
7 April 484, Saturday (-533,648)
1 January 484, Sunday
(-533,745)
7 April 483, Thursday (-534,014)
13 March 483, Sunday (-524,039) Pope Felix III (II) (48th Pope), acceded. He
ruled until 492.
10
March 483, Thursday (-524,042) Pope Simplicius died.
1
January 483, Saturday (-534,110)
===========================================================================
7
April 482, Wednesday (-534,379)
1
January 482, Friday (-534,475)
7
April 481, Tuesday (-534,744)
1
January 480, Thursday (-534,840)
7
April 480, Monday (-535,109)
1
January 480, Tuesday (-535,206) week 76,458
7
April 479, Saturday (-535,475)
1
January 479, Monday (-535,571)
7
April 478, Friday (-535,840)
1
January 478, Sunday (-535,936)
7
April 477, Thursday (-536,295)
25
January 477, Tuesday (-536,277) (Roman Empire) King Gaiseric of the Vandals died.
1
January 477, Saturday (-536,301)
=========================================================================
28
September 476, Tuesday (-536,458) German chieftain Odoacer
deposed Romulus Augustulus, the last Western Roman Emperor.
11
August 476, Wednesday (-536,444)
9
June 476, Wednesday (-536,507)
7
April 476, Wednesday (-536,570)
1
January 476, Thursday (-536,667)
7
April 475, Monday (-536,936)
1
January 475, Wednesday (-536,032)
7
April 474, Sunday (-537,301)
1
January 474, Tuesday (-537,397) week 76,771
7
April 473, Saturday (-537,666)
1
January 473, Monday (-537,762)
2
November 472, (Roman Empire) Olybrius
died.
19
August 472, (Roman Empire) Ricimer died.
7
April 472, Friday (-538,031)
1
January 472, Saturday (-538,128)
7
April 471, Wednesday (-530,397)
1
January 471, Friday (-538,493)
7
April 470, Tuesday (-538,762)
1
January 470, Thursday (-538,858)
7
April 469, Monday (-539,127)
1
January 469, Wednesday (-539,223)
7
April 468, Sunday (-539,492)
28 February 468, Wednesday (-539,531) Saint Hilary, Pope, died.
Tuesday (-539,539)
1 January 468, Monday
(-539,589)
7 April 467, Friday (-539,858)
1 January 467, Sunday
(-539,954)
7 April 466, Thursday (-540,223)
1 January 466, Saturday
(-540,319)
Tuesday (-540,540)
7 April 465, Wednesday (-540,588)
1 January 465, Friday
(-540,684)
7 April 464, Tuesday (-540,953)
1 January 464, Wednesday
(-541,050)
7 April 463, Sunday (-541,319)
1 January 463, Tuesday
(-541,415) week 77,345
Tuesday (-541,541)
7 April 462, Saturday (-541,684)
1 January 462, Monday
(-541,780)
=============================================================================
25 December 461, Monday (-541,787)
10
November 461, Friday (-541,832) Pope Leo the Great died.
7
April 461, Friday (-542,049)
17
March 461. Friday (-542,070) Death of Saint Patrick, who pioneered the
spread of Christianity in Ireland. He was born near Carlisle and
captured by Irish raiders and sold as a slave at the age of 14. After 6 years
he escaped and sailed to Gaul, a journey of 3 days in a small boat. Trained as
a priest in Gaul and Britain, he had a vision in ca. 430 prompting him to
return to Ireland and convert the inhabitants. He founded the Episcopal see of
Armagh in ca. 450.
1 January 461, Sunday
(-542,145)
7 April 460, Thursday (-542,414)
1 January 460, Friday
(-542,511)
Tuesday (-542,542)
7 April 459, Tuesday (-542,780)
1 January 459, Thursday
(-542,876)
7 April 458, Monday (-543,145)
1 January 458, Wednesday
(-543,241)
7 April 457, Sunday (-543,510)
Tuesday (-543,543)
1 January 457, Tuesday
(-543,606)
============================================================================
25 December 456, Tuesday
(-543,613)
23 October 456, Tuesday
(-545,676)
4 October 456, Thursday (-545,695) The Visigoths under king Theodoric II,
acting on orders of Avitus, invaded Spain with an army of Burgundians,� Franks and Goths, They defeated the Suebi;
this shattered the power of the Suebi. During the battle Rechiar was captured
and later executed.
7 April 456, Saturday (-543,875)
1 January 456, Sunday
(-543,972)
16 June 455. Thursday (-544,171) Rome
was sacked and plundered by the Vandals, just 45 years after it was
conquered by the Visigoths.
9 June 455, Thursday (-544,178)
7 April 455, Thursday (-544,241)
1 January 455, Saturday
(-544,337)
Tuesday (-544,544)
7 April 454, Wednesday (-544,606)
1 January 454, Friday
(-544,702)
7 April 453, Tuesday (-544,971)
1 January 453, Thursday
(-545,067) week 77,919
7 April 452, Monday (-545,336)
1 January 452, Tuesday
(-545,433)
================================================================================
25 December 451, Tuesday (-545,440)
23 October 451, Tuesday (-545,503)
8 October 451, Monday (-545,518) The Fourth General Council of the Church
opened, at Chalcedon.
Tuesday (-545,545)
20 June 451. Wednesday (-545,628) Having mounted an invasion of Gaul,
Attila and the Huns were defeated in the Battle of the Cataulanian Fields by a
combined force of Romans, Visigoths, and other barbarians, all under the
command of Aetius.
9 June 451, Saturday (-545,639)
7 April 451, Saturday (-545,702) Attila's forces invaded Gaul and sacked
Metz. The major cities Strasbourg, Worms, Mainz, Trier, Cologne, Reims,
Tournai, Cambrai, Amiens and Beauvais were destroyed by the Huns.
1 January 451, Monday
(-545,798)
28 July 450. Friday (-545,955) Death of Emperor Theodosius II, who fell off his horse, after ruling for 42 years.
He left no direct heir.
9 June 450, Friday (-546,004)
7 April 450, Friday (-546,067)
1 January 450, Sunday
(-546,163)
7 April 449, Thursday (-546,432)
1 January 449, Saturday
(-546,528)
Tuesday (-546,546)
7 April 448, Wednesday (-546,797)
1 January 448, Thursday
(-546,894)
========================================================================
25 December 447, Thursday (-546,901)
6 November 447, Thursday (-546,950) The Walls of Constantinople were
severely damaged by an earthquake, destroying large parts of the wall,
including 57 towers. The population was threatened by a plaque. Emperor
Theodosius II orders Constantine, praetorian prefect of the East, to supervise
the repairs. He employed the city's demoi ("Circus factions")
in the work and rebuilt the walls within 60 days.
7 April 447, Monday (-547,163)
1 January 447, Wednesday
(-547,259)
7 April 446, Sunday (-547,528)
Tuesday (-547,547)
1 January 446, Tuesday
(-547,624) week 78,232
7 April 445, Saturday (-547,893)
1 January 445, Monday
(-547.989)
7 April 444, Friday (-548,258)
1 January 444, Saturday
(-548,355)
Tuesday (-548,548)
7 April 443, Wednesday (-548,624)
1 January 443, Friday
(-548,720)
7 April 442, Tuesday (-548,989)
1 January 442, Thursday
(-549,085)
7 April 441, Monday (-549,354)
1 January 441, Wednesday
(-549,450)
25 December 440, Wednesday (-549,457) The Church officially decreed the
birthday of Jesus to be 25 December, the pagan day of celebrating the winter
solstice.
Tuesday (-549,549)
7 April 440, Sunday (-549,719)
1 January 440, Monday
(-549,816)
=========================================================================
439,
25 December 439, Monday (-549,823)
23 October 439, Monday (-549,886)
19 October 439. Thursday (-549,890) The Vandals, led by King Gaiseric, took Carthage. Gaiseric brought 80,000 people with him across
the Straits of Gibraltar from Spain in 429, including 15,000 soldiers; he then
marched east along the North African coast, looting the cites there. With the
loss of its African territories Rome
lost the fertile wheat lands on which the Empire depended for its bread.
Local Roman administrators remained and Roman law was maintained, to the
benefit of the Vandals, who lived in unaccustomed luxury in the Roman villas.
The Vandals were Arians and persecuted the Catholic Christians. Gaiseric began
to build a fleet of fast ships to dominate the western Mediterranean.
7 April 439, Friday (-550,085)
1 January 439, Sunday
(-550,181)
7 April 438, Thursday (-550,450)
1 January 438, Saturday
(-550,546)
Tuesday (-550,550)
7 April 437, Wednesday (-550,815)
1 January 437, Friday
(-550,911)
7 April 436, Tuesday (-551,180)
1 January 436, Wednesday
(-551,277)
Tuesday� = 551,551
1 January 435, Tuesday
(-551,642) week 78,806
1 January 434, Monday
(-552,007)
1 January 433, Sunday
(-552,372)
Tuesday = 552,552
8/5/432, Sunday (-552,610)
1 January 432, Friday
(-552,738)
1 January 431, Thursday
(-553,103)
28 August 430, Tuesday (-553,245) St Augustine died in the town of Hippo,
then enduring its 3rd month of siege by the Vandals. His writings
have had considerable influence on Church doctrine.
1 January 430, Wednesday
(-553,468)
Tuesday = 553,553
1 January 429, Tuesday
(-553,833) week 79,119
1 January 428, Sunday (-554,199)
Tuesday = 554,554
1 January 427, Saturday (-554,564)
1 January 426, Friday
(-554,929)
27 February 425. Friday (-555,237) Emperor Theodosius II founded, in effect, the University of
Constantinople. He gathered a group of professors and gave them a monopoly over
higher education in the city.
1 January 425, Thursday (-555,294)
23 October 424, Thursday
(-555,364) Emperor Theodosius II nominated his cousin Valentinian, aged 5,
the imperial title nobilissimus Caesar ("most noble") of the
Western Roman Empire.
Tuesday =
555,555
1 January 424, Tuesday
(-555,660) week 79,380
1 January 423, Monday
(-556,025)
1 January 422, Sunday
(-556,390)
30 September 421, Friday
(-556,483)
2 September 421, Friday
(-556,511) Roman Emperor Constantius III died.
Tuesday =
556,556
25 March 421,�
Friday (-556,672) Venice was founded at twelve
o'clock noon (according to legend) with the dedication of the first church, San
Giacomo, at the islet of Rialto (Italy).
1 January 421, Saturday
(-556,755)
===============================================================================
25 December 420, Saturday
(-556,762)
23 October 420, Saturday
(-556,825)
30 September 420, Thursday
(-556,848) Saint Jerome, Church leader, died.
1 January 420, Thursday
(-557,121)
1 January 419, Wednesday
(-557,486)
Tuesday =
557.557)
1 January 418, Tuesday
(-557,851) week 79,693
12 March 417, Pope Innocent I died.
1 January 417, Monday
(-558,216)
Tuesday =
558,558
1 January 416, Saturday
(-558,582)
1 January 415, Friday
(-558,947)
1 January 414, Thursday
(-559,312)
8/5/413, Thursday
(-559,550) Honorius signed an edict providing tax relief for the Italian
provinces Tuscia, Campania, Picenum, Samnium, Apulia, Lucania, and Calabria,
who were plundered by the Visigoths.
Tuesday =
559,559
1 January 413, Wednesday
(-559,677)
1 January 412, Monday
(-560,043)
1 January 411, Sunday (-560,408)
=========================================================================
25 December 410, Sunday
(-560,415)
23 October 410, Sunday (-560,478)
Tuesday =
560,560
23 August 410. Tuesday
(-560,539) The Visigoths under Alaric I sacked Rome after a third siege.
Slaves opened the Salarian Gate and Goths looted the city for three days. It was
the first time since 390 BC that Rome had fallen to an enemy. This marked the
decline of the Roman Empire.
1 January 410, Saturday
(-560,773)
=============================================================================
25 December 409, Saturday
(-560,780)
23 October 409, Saturday
(-560,843)
13 October 409, Wednesday
(-560,853) The Vandals, led by King Gunderic, crossed the Pyrenees into the
Iberian Peninsula. They received land from the Romans, in southern Spain. The
Alans occupied lands in Lusitania and the Suebi controlled parts of Gallaecia
(modern Portugal).
1 January 409, Friday
(-561,138)
==============================================================================
25 December 408, Friday
(-561,145)
23 October 408, Friday
(-561,208)
23 August 408, Sunday
(-561,269) Flavius Stilicho, soldier, was assassinated.
1 January 408, Wednesday
(-561,504)
=============================================================================
25 December 407, Wednesday
(-561,511)
Tuesday =� 561,561
23 October 407, Wednesday
(-561,574)
14 September 407, Saturday
(-561,613) Saint John Chrysostom died.
1 January 407, Tuesday
(-561,869) week 80,267
31 December 406. Monday (-561,870) The
Rhine, for long the frontier of the Roman Empire, froze over in an
exceptionally cold winter. A wave of tribes, the Vandals, Sueves, and Alans,
moved across and into Gaul.
29 October 406, Monday
(-561,933)
27 August 406, Monday
(-561,996)
23 August 406, Thursday
(-562,000) Radagaisus, King of the Goths, was executed by the Romans. He
had attempted an invasion of Italy but was defeated by Stilicho.
1 January 406, Monday
(-562,234)
Tuesday =
562,562
1 January 405 Sunday
(-562,599)
1 January 404, Friday
(-562,965) Last known gladiatorial
combat in Rome.
1 January 403, Thursday
(-563,330)
6 April 402, Sunday
(-563,425) Stilicho led the Romans to victory over the Visigoths at the
Battle of Pollentia.
Tuesday =
563,563
1 January 402, Wednesday
(-563,695)
1 January 401, Tuesday
(-564, 060) week 80,580
1 January 400, Sunday
(-564,426)
=========================================================================
25 December 399, Sunday
(-564,433)
26 November 399, Saturday
(-564,462) Pope Siricius died at Rome after a 15-year reign in which he
commanded celibacy for priests, asserted papal authority over the entire
Western Church, and threatened to impose sanctions on those who did not follow
his dictates.
Tuesday =
564,564)
1 January 399, Saturday
(-564,791)
1 January 398, Friday
(-565,156)
11 November 397, Wednesday
(-565,207) Death of St Martin of Tours, France.
3 April 397. Friday
(-565,429) Death of �Saint� Ambrose, bishop of Milan. Born a Roman citizen
around 337-340, Ambrose was appointed as bishop of Milan in 374 when the
previous incumbent, Auxentius, died.
1 January 397, Thursday
(-565,521)
Tuesday =
565,565
1 January 396, Tuesday
(-565,887) week 80,841
17 January 395. Wednesday
(-566,236) Emperor Theodosius I died and was succeeded by his two sons. The
Empire was once again divided; Arcadius, aged 17, husband of Eudoxia (the
daughter of Frankish leader Bauto), controlled the east from Constantinople.
Meanwhile� Honorius, aged 10, ruled the
west from Milan (under the regentship of his Vandal master of troops, Stilichio).
The border between the east and west crossed the Libyan Desert and the Balkans.
Stilichio�s daughter, Maria, married Honorius in 398.
1 January 395, Monday
(-566,252)
==============================================================================
25 December 394, Monday
(-566,259)
23 October 394, Monday
(-566,322)
23 September 394, Saturday
(-566,352)
6 September 394, Wednesday
(-566,369) (Roman
Empire) Eugenius was killed in battle against the barbarian legions of
Emperor Theodosius. The Frankish general, Arbogast, escaped into the mountains
but� committed suicide two days later.
Tuesday =
566,566
1 January 394, Sunday
(-566,617)
1 January 393, Saturday
(-566,982)
=============================================================================
25 December 392, Saturday
(-566,989)
3 November 392. Wednesday
(-567,041) Emperor Theodosius passed a decree prohibiting all pagan worship
in the Byzantine Empire.
15/5/392, Friday
(-567,214) Roman Emperor Valentinian II was assassinated in Gaul, at the
instigation of his Frankish General Arbogast, who then set up Eugenius as
Emperor. Emperor Theodosius, enraged, marched against Eugenius.
1 January 392, Thursday
(-567,348)
Tuesday =
567,567
1 January 391, Wednesday
(-567,713)
1 January 390 , Tuesday
(-568,078) week 81,154)
1 January 389, Monday
(-568,443)
Tuesday =
568,568
28 July 388, Thursday
(-568,601) Theodosius I, Byzantine Emperor, defeated the Roman Emperor
Maximus near Aquileia.
1 July 388, Friday
(-568,628)
1 January 388, Saturday
(-568,809)
24 April 387, Saturday
(-569,061) St Augustine of Hippo was baptised, along with his son,
Adeodatus, by Ambrose at Milan.
1 January 387, Friday
(-569,174)
1 January 386, Thursday
(-569,539)
Tuesday =
569,569
1 January 385, Wednesday
(-569,904)
=============================================================================
25 December 384, Wednesday
(-569,911)
17 December 384,�
Tuesday (-569,919) Pope Siricius succeeded
Damasus I as the 38th pope. He took the title Pontifex Maximus, after it was
relinquished by late Emperor Gratian.
1 January 384, Monday
(-570,270)
==============================================================================
25 December 383, Monday
(-570,277)
23 October 383, Monday
(-570,340)
21 August 383, Monday
(-570,403)
15 August 383. Tuesday (-570,409) (Roman Empire)
The Byzantine Emperor Theodosius signed an agreement with the Visigoths giving
them land and political autonomy within the Empire, as foederati (non-Roman
citizen allies of Rome)� under King
Alaric I in return for military service. They were allowed to settle south of
the Danube. See 375.
30/5/383, Wednesday
(-570,485) St Isaac of Dalmatia died in the monastery at Constantinople
which he founded.
Tuesday =
570,570
1 January 383, Sunday
(-570,635)
1 January 382, Saturday
(-571,000)
1 January 381, Friday
(-571,365)
Tuesday =
571,571
1 January 380, Wednesday
(-571,731)
19 January 379, Saturday
(-572,078) The Roman Emperor Theodosius assumed power at Sirmius.
1 January 379, Tuesday (-572,096)
week 81,728
============================================================================
25 December 378, Tuesday
(-572,103)
23 October 378, Tuesday
(-572,166)
21 August 378, Tuesday
(-572,229)
9 August 378. Thursday
(-572,241) The Romans were defeated
by the Visigoths at the Second Battle
of Adrianople, Turkey. In 376 the Visigoths had been allowed to move into
Roman territory to escape pressure from the Huns. In 377 the Visigoths revolted
against Rome and the Roman Emperor Valens determined to subdue them. He
attacked on 9 August 378 when the main body of the Goth�s cavalry was away
foraging, but suddenly the Goth�s cavalry re-appeared on the battlefield. Two
thirds of Valerian�s army was killed. That battle ushered in the supremacy, in
the Roman army, of the cavalry over the legions.
1 January 378, Monday
(-572,461)
Tuesday =
572,572
1 January 377, Sunday
(-572,826)
1 January 376, Friday
(-573,192)
=============================================================================
25 December 375, Friday
(-573,199)
17 November 375, Tuesday
(-573,237) Roman Emperor Valentinian died of apoplexy, aged 53, whilst
attending a meeting on the Danube. He had concluded an enduring peace with the
Alamanni in Germany, then marched into Illyrium to repel an invasion of the
Quadi and the Sarmatians on the Danube frontier. While negotiating with the
Quadi, Valentinian became so enraged that he died in a fit of apoplexy at
Brigetio (Hungary). His reign had been cruel but he had also founded schools
and provided physicians for the poor of Constantinople. His nominal successor
was his 4-year-old son, Valentinian II. However the boy�s half-brother Flavius
Gratianus, aged 17, became real Emperor and ruled as Emperor Gratian.
1 January 375, Thursday
(-573,557)
Tuesday = 573,573
1 January 374, Wednesday
(-573,922)
2/5/373. Thursday (-574,166) Athanasius, the patriarch who fiercely
defended the Nicene Creed against Arianism, died at Alexandria, Egypt. He
played an important role in the spread of monasticism.
1 January 373, Tuesday
(-574,287) week 82,041
Tuesday =
574,574
1 January 372, Sunday
(-574,653)
1 January 371, Saturday
(-575,018)
1 January 370, Friday
(-575,383)
Tuesday =
575,575
1 January 369, Thursday
(-575,748)
1 January 368, Tuesday
(-576,114) week 82,302
1 January 367, Monday
(-576,479)
Tuesday =
576,576
24 September 366, Sunday (-576,578) Death of Pope Liberius
1 January 366, Sunday
(-576,844)
21 July 365, Thursday (-577,008) An earthquake and tsunami devastated Crete and
Alexandria and affected Italy, Greece, and Palestine.
1 January 365, Saturday
(-577,209)
26 February 364. Thursday (-577,519) Valentinian
became Roman Emperor, succeeding Jovian who surrendered the gains of Diocletian
to the Persians. On 28 March 364 Valentinian appointed his brother Valens as
governor of the eastern Empire. For the first time the division of empire is
accompanied by a true division of resources and army between east and west.
1 January 364, Thursday
(-577,575)
Tuesday =
577,577
26 June 363. Thursday (-577,764) (Christian, Roman Empire) Julian the Apostate, Roman Emperor, was killed fighting the Persians.
The Emperor Julian was determined to reinstate the old Roman gods and eliminate
Christianity. A cousin of Constantius II, he declared himself a pagan in November 361 when Constantius II died, leaving him as sole emperor. On 17
June 362 Julian forbade� Christians from
teaching grammar or rhetoric. He was succeeded by the captain of his bodyguard,
Flavius Jovianus, who ruled for 7 months as the Emperor Jovian.
1 January 363, Wednesday
(-577,940)
1 January 362, Tuesday
(-578,305) week 82,615
11 December 361, Tuesday
(-578,326) Following the death of Constantius, his 30-year-old cousin
Flavius Claudius Julianus was acknowledged by Constantinople as sole Emperor.
He entered the city this day to begin an 18-month reign as Emperor Julian.
3 November 361, Saturday
(-578,364) Emperor Constantius died near Tarsus, Cilicia, aged 44.
Tuesday =
578,578
1 January 361, Monday
(-578,670)
1 January 360, Saturday
(-579,036)
1 January 359, Friday
(-579,401)
Tuesday =
579,579
1 January 358, Thursday
(-579,766)
==============================================================================
25 December 357, Thursday
(-579,773)
23 October 357, Thursday (-579,836)
25 August 357. Monday (-579,895) Julian, who was made Caesar by his
cousin Constantius II on 6 November 355, defeated the Alemmani at Strasbourg
and drove them back across the Rhine.
1 January 357, Wednesday
(-580,131)
19 February 356. Monday
(-580,448) Constantius II, ruler of all of Rome (see 22/5/337), ordered all
pagan temples in the Roman Empire to be closed.
1 January 356, Monday
(-580,497)
Tuesday =
580,580
1 January 355, Sunday
(-580,862)
============================================================================
25 December 354, Sunday
(-580,869)
13 November 354, Sunday
(-580,911) Aurelius Augustinus, or St Augustine, was born at Tagaste, a
town in Numidia.
1 January 354, Saturday (-581,227)
Tuesday =
581,581
1 January 353, Friday
(-581,592)
1 January 352, Wednesday
(-581,958)
1 January 351, Tuesday
(-582,323) week 83,189
25 December 350, Tuesday
(-582,330) The first officially-sanctioned Christmas Day celebrations.
Tuesday =
582,582
1 January 350, Monday
(-582,688)
1 January 349, Sunday
(-583,053)
1 January 348, Friday
(-583,419)
Tuesday =
583,583
11 January 347, Sunday
(-583,774) The Roman Emperor, Theodosius the Great, was born.
1 January 347, Thursday
(-583,784)
25 December 346, Thursday
(-583,791)
21 October 346. Tuesday (-583,856) Under
heavy imperial pressure, a split between the eastern and western Churches was
patched up at Alexandria, Egypt.
1 January 346, Wednesday
(-584,149)
1 January 345, Tuesday
(-584,514)
Tuesday =
584,584
1 January 344, Sunday
(-584,880)
1 January 343, Saturday
(-585,245)
15 February 342, Monday
(-585,565) The original Hagia Sophia was dedicated in Constantinople
Tuesday =
585,585
1 January 342, Friday
(-585,610)
1 January 341, Thursday
(-585,975)
1 January 340, Tuesday
(-586,341) week 83,763
Tuesday =
586,586
1 January 339, Monday
(-586,706)
1 January 338, Sunday
(-587,071)
22/5/337. Sunday
(-587,295) Constantine, born
27 February 274, died after a
baptism on his death bed at his villa near Ancyra in Nicomedia. His sons
Augustus. Constantine II and Constans shared the west, whilst Constantius II.
took control of the eastern Empire. In March 340 Constans killed his brother
Constantine II. He was buried in the Church of the Holy Apostles in
Constantinople. On 9 September 337 Constantine�s three Aquileia in northern
Italy and becomes sole ruler of the west. However Constans was himself murdered
by the military commander Magnentius in 350, and in turn Magnentius was
defeated in Gaul by Constantius II, ruler of the eastern Empire, at Mursa in
351.Once again Magnentius was defeated by Constantius II in Gaul in 353,
following which Magnentius committed suicide and Constantius II was ruler of
both east and west.
1 January 337, Saturday
(-587,436)
25 December 336, Saturday
(-587,443) The first recorded celebration of �Christ�s birth� on what is
now Christmas Day.
Tuesday =
587,587
1 January 336, Thursday
(-587,802)
17 December 335. Wednesday
(-587,817) The Emperor Constantine�s construction, the Holy Sepulchre, in
Jerusalem, opened. �Christ�s tomb on Golgotha was discovered in 328� (?) and
Constantine ordered the building of this place of worship here.
1 January 335, Wednesday
(-588,167)
1 January 334, Tuesday
(-588,532) week 84,076
Tuesday =
588,588
1 January 333, Monday
(-588,897)
9/5/332, Tuesday (589,134)
1 January 332, Saturday
(-589,263)
Tuesday =
589,589
1 January 331, Friday
(-589,628)
11/5/330. Monday
(-589,863) The Emperor Constantine
made Byzantium the new capital of the Roman Empire, and renamed it
Constantinople.
1 January 330, Thursday
(-589,993)
1 January 329, Wednesday
(-590,358)
Tuesday =
590,590
1 January 328, Monday
(-590,724)
1 January 327, Sunday
(-591,089)
1 January 326, Saturday
(-591,454)
Tuesday =
591,591
25 July 325. Sunday
(-591,614) Major celebrations were held at Nicomedia, Asia Minor, to mark
the twentieth year of Constantine as Emperor. Also celebrated was Constantine�s
victory over his former ally Licinius, ruler of the eastern half of the Roman
Emperor. The rift came when Licinius broke a promise to Constantine to tolerate
the Christian religion. Constantine defeated Licinius in 324 and captured
Byzantium.� The Council of Nicea closed
this day.
22 July 325, Thursday
(-591,617)
20/5/325. Thursday (-591,680) The
Emperor Constantine, dressed in
purple to mark the sacred nature of his power, opened the Council of Nicea. He has summoned
bishops from all over the Empire to settle violent controversies raging within
the Church, especially over Arianism. Arius,
a priest in Alexandria, argued in 318
that Christ was not equal to God;
if Christ was the Son of God, said Arius, he had a beginning so could not be
eternal and was inferior to his Father. Constantine was acting as peacemaker
and favoured equality of Christ with God. In fact the creed was worded so as to
be ambiguous enough for most Arians to accept it.
1 January 325, Friday
(-591,819)
1 January 324, Wednesday
(-592,185)
18 September 323, Wednesday
(-592,290) Battle of Chrysopolis. Licinius had gathered a new army of some
60,000, but was defeated by Constantine I. Licinius fled, but in 324 he
surrendered, and was executed.
3 July 323, Wednesday (-592,367)
First Battle of Adrianople. Constantine I, Western Roman Emperor, defeated
Licinius, the eastern Emperor. Licinius fled to Byzantium, which was then
besieged by Constantine.
1 January 323, Tuesday
(-592,550) week 84,650
Tuesday =
592,592
1 January 322, Monday
(-592,915)
3
December 321. Sunday (-592,944) Sunday was
made a day of rest throughout the Roman Empire. Under the Edict of Milan, 3 February 313, Christianity was now tolerated in the Empire. Persecution of
Christians had begun under Diocletian in 303 and peaked under his successors
Galerius and Maximian. Constantine, born in Naissus in what is now Yugoslavia,
was son of a Christian mother, Helena. When Constantine (born 274) became Emperor in 306 he followed the cult
of Sol Invictis, the Unconquered Sun. However in 312, whilst fighting Maxentius
the son of Maximian, he saw a cross of
light superimposed on the sun. From then on Constantine identified the
sun with the God of the Christians. He ordered his men to fight Maxentius with
Christian symbols painted on their shields, and they won a famous victory at
the Milvian Bridge just outside Rome, on 28 October 312. Constantine became
ruler of the western Roman Empire.
1 January 321, Sunday
(-593,280)
Tuesday =
593,593
1 January 320, Friday
(-593,646)
1 January 319, Thursday
(-594,011)
1 January 318, Wednesday
(-594,376)
Tuesday =
594,594
1 January 317, Tuesday
(-594,741) week 84,963
1 January 316, Sunday
(-595,107)
1 January 315, Saturday
(-595,472)
1 November 314, Monday
(-595,533)
8 October 314, Friday
(-595,557) Battle of Cibalae. Emperor Constantine defeated his co-emperor
Licinus, who lost all the Balkans except for Thrace.
Tuesday =
595,595
1 January 314, Friday
(-595,837)
1 January 313, Thursday
(-596,202)
==============================================================================
312,
25 December 313, Thursday
(-596,209)
28 October 312, Tuesday
(-596,267) Battle of Milvian Bridge. Maxentius had been declared Emperor in
Rome, with the backing of the Senate. However Constantine was marching down
from Gaul to claim title as Emperor. Constantine�s army was smaller, and relied
on cavalry, performing best on open ground. Maxentius had dismantled the
Milvian Bridge over the Tiber to halt Constantine�s advance; Maxentius� troops
had to ford the Tiber to attack Constantine, this move put them in the open,
favouring Constantine�s cavalry. Maxentius fought in the name of Mars, the
Roman God of War; Constantine saw a flaming cross in the sky and fought in the
name of Christianity. Constantine�s cavalry charged, disrupting Maxentius�
ranks; Maxentius was killed and his head paraded through Rome the next day on a
spear.
23 October 313, Thursday
(-596,272)
1 January 312, Tuesday
(-596,568) week 85,224
3 December 311, Monday
(-596,597) Roman Emperor Diocletian died. Born in Salona, he was Emperor
284 to 305. He defeated the Sarmatians and Carpi during several campaigns
between 285 and 299. He is perhaps best remembered for "The Diocletianic
Persecution" (303�11), the empire's largest and bloodiest official
persecution of Christianity.
1 January 311, Monday
(-596,933)
1 January 310, Sunday
(-597,298)
Tuesday =
597,597
1 January 309, Saturday
(-597,663)
1 January 308, Thursday
(-597,029)
1 January 307, Wednesday
(598,394)
Tuesday =
598,598
25 July 306, Constantius died whilst quelling a
rebellion in Britain. Constantine, son of Constantius, now made a bid for
leadership of the Western Empire, from Britain;�
but he faced a rival in Rome, Maxentius.
1 January 306, Tuesday
(-598,759) week 85,537
1/5/305. Tuesday
(-599,004) Diocletian, Emperor since 284, became the first Roman Emperor to
abdicate. He retired to a palace at Salona on the Adriatic. There was now a
division of responsibility, one emperor for the east and one (Constantius, the
former deputy of Diocletian) for the west of the Empire. Diocletian died in
313.
1 January 305, Monday
(-599,124)
1 January 304, Saturday
(-599,490)
===============================================================================
25 December 303, Saturday
(-599,497)
28 November 303. Sunday (-599,524) Twenty
years after coming to Power, the Emperor Diocletian made his first visit to Rome. There were festivals and
games in his honour. After many years of disorder and danger, the Roman Empire
was enjoying a period of peace. Diocletian made major administrative and
economic reforms. He separated military and administrative departments, and
fashioned a formal, unbroken, chain of command from the Emperor right down to
the lowliest official in a distant province. His economic reforms were less successful. To tackle inflation he imposed price and wage controls. A wide range
of goods were covered, including brandy, meat, fruit, vegetables, bread,
leather, carpets, and clothes, in his edicts of 301. Maximum pay rates were
also fixed, from labourer to lawyer; punishment for breaching these regulations
was exile or even death. However these reforms collapsed under the impact of massive shortages and a rampant black market.
Diocletian also simplified the tax system, but this effectively legalised the
system of exacting contributions from the peasants in the form of labour and
produce. This tied them to the land as serfs.
Diocletian�s price
and wage list included the following. For wages, a labourer would get 25
denarii a day. Note that in 33 AD the days wage for a labourer was one denarius. Bakers would be paid 50
d a day, scribes 25 d per 100 lines, and teachers 50d per pupil per� month. Prices would be, 1d for an egg, 24d
for a lemon, 30d for a chicken, 250d for a pheasant, 30,000d for a male slave,
and 100,000d for a racehorse.
Tuesday =
599,599
24 March 303, Wednesday
(-599,773) St George was executed in Palestine. He was a Roman soldier from
Cappadocia (now, Turkey) who refused to persecute Christians.
4 March 303, Thursday
(-599,793) St Adrian was martyred.
24 February 303, Wednesday
(-599,801) Emperor Diocletian ordered a massive persecution of the
Christians.. This was at the persuasion of, Thracian, Galerius Valerius
Maximanus.
1 January 303, Friday
(-599,855)
1 January 302, Thursday
(-600,220)
==========================================================================
25 December 301, Thursday
(-600,227)
23 October 301, Thursday
(-600,290)
3 September 301, Wednesday
(-600,340) The republic of San Marino was established (traditional date).
1 January 301, Wednesday
(-600,585)
Tuesday =
600,600
1 January 300, Monday
(-600,951)
1 January 299, Sunday
(-601,316)
Tuesday =
601,601
1 January 298, Saturday
(-601,681)
1 January 297, Friday (-602,046)
30 June 296, Monday
(-602,232) Pope Marcellinus (29th Pope) acceded. He ruled until 304.
1 January 296, Wednesday
(-602,412)
Tuesday =
602,602
1 January 295, Tuesday
(-602,777) week 86,111
1 January 294, Monday
(-603,142)
1 January 293, Sunday (-603,507)
Tuesday =
603,603
1 January 292, Friday
(-603,873)
1 January 291, Thursday
(-603,238)
1 January 290, Wednesday
(-604,603)
Tuesday =
604,604
1 January 289, Tuesday
(-603,968)
1 January 288, Sunday
(-605,334)
Tuesday =
605,605
1 January 287, Saturday (-605,699)
1 January 286, Friday
(-606,064)
21 July 285, Tuesday
(-606,228) Roman Emperor Diocletian appointed Maximian as Caesar and
co-ruler
1 January 285, Thursday
(-606,429)
==============================================================================
25 December 284, Thursday
(-606,436)
20 November 284, Thursday
(-606,471) Roman soldier Diocletian was proclaimed Emperor by the army.
23 October 284, Thursday
(-606,499)
29 August 284, Friday
(-606,554) Roman Emperor Marcus Aurelius Numerius was assassinated. He was
succeeded by General Gaius Aurelius Valerius Diocletianus Jovius, a 39-year-old
Illyrian. He began a 21-year despotic rule of the Eastern Roman Empire whilst
Marcus Aurelius Valerius Maximianus Herculius was to rule the West.
21 August 284, Thursday
(-606,562)
Tuesday =
606,606)
1 January 284, Tuesday
(-606,795) week 86,685
1 January 283, Monday
(-607,160)
1 January 282, Sunday
(-607,525)
Tuesday =
607,607
1 January 281, Saturday
(-607,890)
1 January 280, Thursday
(-608,256)
Tuesday =
608,608
1 January 279, Wednesday
(-608,621)
1 January 278, Tuesday
(-608,986) week 86,998
1 January 277, Monday
(-609,351)
Tuesday =
609,609
1 January 276, Saturday
(-609,717)
1 January 275, Friday
(-610,082)
1 January 274, Thursday
(-610,447)
Tuesday =
610,610
1 January 273, Wednesday
(-610,812)
27 February 272, Tuesday
(-611,121) Roman Emperor Constantine was born in Naissus.
1 January 272, Monday
(-611,178)
1 January 271, Sunday
(-611,543)
Tuesday =
611,611
1 January 270, Saturday
(-611,908)
1 January 269, Friday
(-612,273)
Tuesday =
612,612
1 January 268, Wednesday
(-612,639)
1 January 267, Tuesday
(-613,004) week 87,572
1 January 266, Monday
(-613,369)
Tuesday =
613,613
1 January 265, Sunday
(-613,734)
1 January 264, Friday
(-614,100)
1 January 263, Thursday
(-614,465)
Tuesday =
614,614
1 January 262, Wednesday
(-614,830)
1 January 261, Tuesday
(-615,195) week 87,885
1 January 260, Sunday
(-615,561)
Tuesday =
615,615
1 January 259, Saturday
(-615,926)
=======================================================================
25 December 258, Saturday
(-615,933)
23 October 258, Saturday
(-615,996)
14 September 258, Tuesday
(-616,035) Saint Cyprian (born ca. 200) was martyred.
6 August 258, Friday
(-616,074) Pope Sixtus II martyred.
1 January 258, Friday
(-616,291)
Tuesday =
616,616
1 January 257, Thursday
(-616,656)
1 January 256, Tuesday
(-617,022) week 88,146
1 January 255, Monday
(-617,387)
Tuesday =
617,617
1 January 254, Sunday
(-617,752)
1 January 253, Saturday
(-618,117)
1 January 252, Thursday
(-618,483)
Tuesday =
618,618
5 February 251, Wednesday
(-618,813) Saint Agatha was martyred.
1 January 251, Wednesday
(-618,848)
31 March 250, Sunday
(-619,124) Constantius, Western Roman Emperor, was born in Illyricum.
27 February 250, Wednesday
(-619,156)
1 January 250, Tuesday
(-619,213) week 88,459
1 January 249, Monday
(-619,578)
Tuesday =
619,619
1 January 248, Saturday
(-619,944)
1 January 247, Friday (-620,309)
Tuesday =
620,620
1 January 246, Thursday
(-620,674)
1 January 245, Wednesday
(-620,039)
1 January 244, Monday
(-621,405)
Tuesday =
621,621
1 January 243, Sunday
(-621,770)
1 January 242, Saturday
(-622,135)
1 January 241, Friday
(-622,500)
Tuesday =
622,622
1 January 240, Wednesday
(-622,866)
1 January 239, Tuesday
(-623,231) week 89,033
1 January 238, Monday
(-623,596)
Tuesday =
623,623
1 January 237, Sunday
(-623,961)
1 January 236, Friday
(-624,327)
20 March 235, Friday
(-624,614) Maximinius Thrax, aged 62, was proclaimed emperor. He had a
Gothic father and an Alan mother. Maximinus, a Thracian, was the first
foreigner to hold the Roman throne.
18 March 235. Wednesday
(-624,616) Roman Emperor, Marcus Aurelius Severus Alexander, was killed in
a battle against German invaders in Gaul. Born on 1 October 208 at Arca
Caesarea, Phoenicia, Alexander was Roman Emperor from 222 to 235. In the early
230s he fought against the Persians, returning to Rome in triumph in 233. He
improved the Empire economically; luxury and extravagance at the Roman Court
were reduced, the standard of the coinage was raised, taxes were lightened, the
lot of the soldiers was improved, and literature, science, and art were
encouraged,. He instituted loan offices to lend money to the people at a
reasonable rate of interest.
Tuesday =
624,624
28 February 235, Saturday
(-624,634) Pope Pontianus resigned. He had been Pope from 230, but in 235
was exiled by Emperor Maximinus to Sardinia, and so had to resign the Papacy
this day.
1 January 235, Thursday
(-624,692)
1 January 234, Wednesday
(-625,057)
1 January 233, Tuesday
(-625,422) week 89,346
Tuesday =
625,625
8/5/232, Tuesday
(-625,660)
1 January 232, Sunday
(-625,788)
1 January 231, Saturday
(-626,153)
1 January 230, Friday
(-626,518)
Tuesday =
626,626
1 January 229, Thursday
(-626,883)
1 January 228, Tuesday
(-627,249) week 89,607
1 January 227, Monday
(-627,614)
Tuesday =
627,627
1 January 226, Sunday
(-627,979)
1 January 225, Saturday
(-628,344)
Tuesday =
628,628
1 January 224, Thursday
(-628,710)
1 January 223, Wednesday
(-629,075)
1 January 222, Tuesday
(-629,440) week 89,920
27 June 221. Wednesday (-629,628) 19
year old Emperor Elagabalus was assassinated by a member of the Praetorian
Guard. Alexander Severus became emperor.
1 January 221, Monday
(-629,805)
1 January 220, Saturday
(-630,171)
1 January 219, Friday
(-630,536)
Tuesday =
630,630
8 June 218, Monday
(-630,743) Emperor Macrinus was assassinated near Antioch after he tried to
reduce the pay of the Roman soldiers. He was succeeded by Variua Avitus
Bassianus, a 14-year-old from Syria, a grandnephew by marriage of the late
Septimus Severus. He claimed to be a son of Caracalla, and named himself
Heliogabalus, or Elagabalus, from the name of the Syrian Sun King.
1 January 218, Thursday
(-630,901)
8 April 217, Tuesday
(-631,169) Roman Emperor Caracalla was assassinated after a bloody reign. He
was succeeded by Opellius Severus Macrinus, a 53-year-old from Mauretania, as
Emperor Macrinus.
1 January 217, Wednesday
(-631,266)
Tuesday =
631,631
1 January 216, Monday
(-631,632)
1 January 215, Sunday
(-631,997)
1 January 214, Saturday
(-632,362)
Tuesday =
632,632
1 January 213, Friday
(-632,727)
1 January 212, Wednesday
(-633,093)
4 February 211. Monday
(-633,424) Emperor Septimus Severus died at York whilst fighting the
Caledonian tribes.
1 January 211, Tuesday
(-633,458) week 90,494
Tuesday = 633,633
1 January 210, Monday
(-633,823)
1 January 209, Sunday
(-634,188)
1 January 208, Friday
(-634,554)
Tuesday =
634,634
1 January 207, Thursday
(-634,919)
1 January 206, Wednesday
(-635,284)
Tuesday =
635,635
1 January 205, Tuesday
(-635,649) week 90,807
1 January 204, Sunday
(636,015)
1 January 203, Saturday
(-636,380)
Tuesday =
636,636
1 January 202, Friday
(-636,745)
1 January 201, Thursday
(-637,110)
1 January 200, Tuesday
(-637,476) week 91,068
Tuesday =
637,637
1 January 199, Monday
(-637,841)
1 January 198, Sunday
(-638,206)
19 February 197, Saturday
(-638,522) The Battle of Lugdunum (Lyons, France). The Romans under
Septimus Severus defeated Clodius Albinus.
1 January 197, Saturday
(-638,571)
Tuesday =
638,638
1 January 196, Thursday
(-638,937)
1 January 195, Wednesday
(-639,302)
Tuesday =
639,639
14 April 194, Sunday
(-639,564) Lucius Septimus Severus was crowned Emperor of Rome.
9 April 194, Tuesday
(-639,569) Septimus Severus was proclaimed Roman Emperor by the army in
Illiricum.
1 January 194, Tuesday
(-639,667) week 91,381
28 March 193, Wednesday
(-639,946) Roman Emperor Pertinax was assassinated.
1 January 193, Monday (-640,032)
31 December 192, Sunday (-640,033) Emperor
Commodus was assassinated, see 27 March 180.
1 January 192, Saturday (-640,398)
Tuesday =
640,640
1 January 191, Friday
(-640,763)
1 January 190, Thursday
(-641,168)
1 January 189, Wednesday
(-641,493)
Tuesday =
641,641
4 April 188, Wednesday
(-641,766) Roman Emperor Caracalla (211-17) was born at Lyons in Gaul.
1 January 188, Monday
(-641,859)
1 January 187, Sunday
(-642,224)
1 January 186, Saturday
(-642,589)
Tuesday =
642,642
1 January 185, Friday
(-642,954)
1 January 184, Wednesday
(-643,320)
Tuesday =
643,643
1 January 183, Tuesday
(-643,685) week 91,955
1 January 182, Monday
(-644,050)
1 January 181, Sunday
(-644,415)
Tuesday =
644,644
17 March 180. Wednesday (-644,706) Marcus
Aurelius died of the plague. He was succeeded by his son Commodus. However
Commodus fell prey to insanity due to excessive power. He attempted to rename
Rome as Colonia Aurelia Nova Commodiana; also renaming the fleet, wheat, the
legions, and the months of the year. On 31 December 192 Commodus, who saw
himself as the reincarnation of Hercules, planned to sacrifice the new consuls
on 1 January 193; the consul had an athlete called Narcissus strangle Commodus
in his bath. His death ended the Antonine dynasty.
1 January 180, Friday
(-644,781)
1 January 179, Thursday
(-645,146)
1 January 178, Wednesday
(-645,511)
Tuesday =
645,645
1 January 177, Tuesday
(-645,876) week 92,268
1 January 176, Sunday
(-646,242)
1 January 175, Saturday
(-646,607)
Tuesday =
646,646
1 January 174, Friday
(-646,972)
1 January 173, Thursday
(-647,337)
Tuesday =
647,647
1 January 172, Tuesday
(-647,703) week 92,529
1 January 171, Monday
(-648,068)
1 January 170, Sunday
(-648,433)
Tuesday =
648,648
1 January 169, Saturday
(-648,798)
1 January 168, Thursday
(-649,164)
1 January 167, Wednesday
(-649,529)
Tuesday =
649,649
1 January 166, Tuesday (-649,894)
week 92,842
1 January 165, Monday (-650,259)
1 January 164, Saturday
(-650,625)
Tuesday =
650,650
1 January 163, Friday
(-650,990)
1 January 162, Thursday
(-651,355)
Tuesday =
651,651
7 March 161. Friday
(-651,655) Emperor Antoninus died at Lorium and was replaced by Emperor
Marcus Aurelius.
1 January 161, Wednesday
(-651,720)
1 January 160, Monday
(-652,086)
1 January 159, Sunday
(-652,451)
Tuesday =
652,652
1 January 158, Saturday
(-652,816)
1 January 157, Friday
(-653,181)
1 January 156, Wednesday
(-653,547)
Tuesday =
653,653
1 January 155, Tuesday
(-653,912) week 93,416
1 January 154, Monday
(-653,277)
1 January 153, Sunday
(-654,642)
Tuesday =
654,654)
1 January 152, Friday
(-655,008)
1 January 151, Thursday
(-655,373)
Tuesday =
655,655
1 January 150, Wednesday
(-655,738)
1 January 149, Tuesday
(-656,103) week 93,729
1 January 148, Sunday
(-656,469)
Tuesday =
656,656
21 April 147. Thursday
(-656,724) Emperor Antoninus celebrated the 900th anniversary of
Rome� s foundation.
1 January 147, Saturday
(-656,834)
11 April 146, Sunday (-657,099)
Birth of Roman Emperor Septimus Severis.
1 January 146, Friday
(-657,199)
1 January 145, Thursday
(-657,564)
Tuesday =
657,657
1 January 144, Tuesday
(-657,930) week 93,990
1 January 143,� Monday (-658,295)
Tuesday =
658,658
1 January 142, Sunday (-658,660)
1 January 141, Saturday
(-659,025)
1 January 140, Thursday
(-659,391)
Tuesday =
659,659
1 January 139, Wednesday
(-659,756)
10 July 138. Wednesday
(-659,931) Hadrian, who became
Emperor of Rome on 8 August 117, died at his villa on the Bay of Naples.
See 8 August 117.
1 January 138, Tuesday
(-660,121) week 94,303
1 January 137, Monday
(-660,486)
Tuesday =
660,660
1 January 136, Saturday
(-660,852)
1 January 135, Friday
(-661,217)
1 January 134, Thursday
(-661,582)
Tuesday =
661,661
1 January 133, Wednesday
(-661,947)
1 January 132, Monday
(-662,313)
Tuesday =
662,662
1 January 131, Sunday
(-662,678)
1 January 130, Saturday
(-663,043)
1 January 129, Friday
(-663,408)
Tuesday =
663,663
1 January 128, Wednesday
(-663,774)
1 January 127, Tuesday
(-664,139) week 94,877
1 January 126, Monday
(-664,504)
Tuesday =
664,664
1 January 125, Sunday
(-664,869)
1 January 124, Friday
(-665,235)
1 January 123, Thursday
(-665,600)
Tuesday =
665,665
13 September 122, Saturday
(-665,710) Construction of Hadrian�s Wall in Britain began (completed 127).
1 January 122, Wednesday
(-665,965)
26 April 121, Friday
(-666,215) Marcus Aurelius, Roman Emperor, was born.
1 January 121, Tuesday
(-666,330) week 95,190
Tuesday =
666,666
1 January 120, Sunday
(-666,696)
1 January 119, Saturday
(-667,061)
1 January 118, Friday
(-667,426)
===========================================================================
25 December 117, Friday
(-667,433)
23 October 117, Friday
(-667,496)
21 August 117, Friday
(-667,559)
8 August 117. Saturday (-667,572) Emperor
Trajan died, and was succeeded by Hadrian. See 24 January 76, and 10 July 138. Hadrian abandoned the expansionist policy of
Trajan and earlier emperors and sought to stabilise the frontiers of Rome.
To achieve defensible frontiers the provinces of Assyria and Mesopotamia were
abandoned, although there was as yet no thought of giving up Britain. Instead, Hadrian built a wall from the Solway
Firth to the Tyne to keep out the Picts. Work on building this wall began in
122, and was completed in 130.
1 January 117, Thursday
(-667,791)
1 January 116, Tuesday
(-668,157) week 95,451
1 January 115, Monday
(-668,522)
1 January 114, Sunday
(-668,887)
1 January 113, Saturday
(-669,252)
1 January 112, Thursday
(-669,618)
1 January 111, Wednesday
(-669,983)
1 January 110, Tuesday
(-670,348) week 95,764
1 January 109, Monday
(-670,713)
1 January 108, Saturday
(-671,079)
1 January 107, Friday
(-671,444)
1 January 106, Thursday
(-671,809)
1 January 105, Wednesday
(-672,174)
1 January 104, Monday
(-672,540)
1 January 103, Sunday
(-672,905)
1 January 102, Saturday
(-673,270)
1 January 101, Friday
(-673,635)
1 January 100, Wednesday
(-674,001)
1 January 99, Tuesday
(-674,366) week 96,338
25 January 98,�
Thursday (-674,707) Nerva, Emperor of Rome,
died.� He was succeeded by his son
Trajan, with whom he had ruled jointly for the last three months of his life.
1 January 98, Monday
(-674,731)
1 January 97, Sunday
(-675,096)
==================================================================================
25 December 96, Sunday
(-675,103)
23 October 96, Sunday
(-675,166)
18 September 96, Sunday
(-675,201) Nerva (35 � 98) became Emperor of Rome.� He purchased large areas of agricultural land
in Italy and gave these to the poor.�� He
also reformed the tax system and streamlined the Roman bureaucracy.� On this day Emperor Domitian was murdered, by
assassins in the pay of his wife, Domitia. See 25 January 98.
1 January 96, Friday
(-675,462)
1 January 95, Thursday
(-675,827)
1 January 94, Wednesday
(-676,192)
===============================================================================
25 December 93, Wednesday
(-676,199)
23 October 93, Wednesday
(-676,262)
23 August 93, Friday
(-676,323) Gnaeus Julius Agricola, Roman general renowned for his
conquests, died in Rome. In 83 AD he had won a decisive victory against
Caledonian tribes at the Battle of Mons Graupius, probably the Killiecrankie
Pass. Had he been able to follow up this victory Rome might have conquered the
whole of Britain up to the northern end of Scotland. However to Rome, Caledonia
(Scotland) and the raids from its unsubdued tribes was a minor issue; the main
problem then was the Germanic threat from east of the Rhine and north of the
Danube. Agricola was recalled to Rome with Caledonia unconquered.
1 January 93, Tuesday
(-676,557) week 96,651
1 January 92, Sunday
(-676,923)
1 January 91, Saturday
(-677,288)
1 January 90, Friday
(-677,653)
1 January 89, Thursday
(-678,018)
1 January 88, Tuesday
(-678,384) week 96,912
1 January 87, Monday
(-678,749)
1 January 86, Sunday
(-679,114)
1 January 85, Saturday
(679,479)
1 January 84, Thursday
(-679,845)
1 January 83, Wednesday
(-680,210)
1 January 82, Tuesday
(-680,575) week 97,225
====================================================================
25 December 81, Tuesday (-680,582)
23 October 81, Tuesday
(-680,645)
13 September 81, Thursday
(-680,685) Roman Emperor Titus died, aged 40, after a 2-year reign. He was succeeded
by his 29-year old brother, Titus Flavius Domitianus, who ruled until 96 as
Emperor Domitian.
1 January 81, Monday
(-680,940)
1 January 80, Saturday
(-681,306)
==========================================================================
25 December 79, Saturday
(-681,313)
23 October 79, Saturday
(-681,376)
25 August 79, Wednesday
(-681,435) Pliny the Elder, naturalist, died, in the eruption of Vesuvius.
24 August 79. Tuesday
(-681,436) (Roman
Empire, Earthquake) Vesuvius erupted, destroying the
cities of Pompeii and Herculaneum and killing 2,000 people.
23 June 79, Wednesday
(681,498) Death of the Roman Emperor Vespasian died, aged 69, after a
10-year reign. He was succeeded by his 38-year-old son, Flavius Sabinus
Vespasianus Titus. He ruled as Emperor Titus until 81.
1 January 79, Friday (-681,671)
1 January 78, Thursday
(-682,036)
1 January 77, Wednesday
(-682,401)
24 January 76. Wednesday
(-682,744) Birth of the Roman Emperor Hadrian. See 8 August 117.
1 January 76, Monday
(-682,767)
1 January 75, Sunday
(-683,132)
1 January 74, Saturday (-683,497)
15 April 73, Thursday
(-683,758) To escape enslavement the male Jewish defenders of Masada, about to be overwhelmed by the
Romans, killed the women and children and then committed suicide.
1
January 73, Friday (-683,862)
1
January 72, Wednesday (-684,228)
1
January 71, Tuesday (-684,593) week 97,799
=============================================================================
25 December 70, Tuesday
(-684,600)
23 October 70, Tuesday
(-684,663)
8 September 70. Saturday (-684,708) Jerusalem was stormed� by the Romans. This ended a revolt by
the Jews that began in 66. Only in Masada did the Jews still hold out for a
while.
1 January 70, Monday
(-684,958)
===============================================================================
20 December 69, Wednesday (-684,970) Aulus Vitellius, former Emperor of Rome, was dragged
from his hiding place and assassinated. Vespasian now ruled unchallenged, and
held post until 79.
1 July 69, Saturday
(-685,142) Vespasian was proclaimed Emperor of Rome by the prefect of
Egypt; this was supported by the Legate of Syria and the Danubian legions.
Vitellus gathered forces to oppose Vespasian�s supporters. Vitellus was
defeated by Vespasian in the Second Battle of Bedriacum, late October 69.
19 April 69, Wednesday
(-685,215) Aulus Vitellus sent two legions to the Po Valley where they
defeated supporters of Otho in the Battle of Bedriacum, near Cremona. The Roman
Emperor Otto then committed suicide. Vitellus now faced a challenge from Titus
Flavianus Sabinus Vespasianus, 59, Legate of Judea.
15 January 69, Sunday (-685,309)
The Roma� Emperor Galba was assassinated
by Marcus Salvius Otho, 36, a friend of the late Nero. Eight legions on the
Rhine had denied their allegiance to Galba and claimed legate Aulus Vitellus,
54, as Emperor instead. The Senate recognised Otho as Emperor.
1 January 69, Sunday
(-685,323)
9 June 68. Wednesday
(-685,530) Nero committed suicide, having been deserted by the Praetorian
Guard and lost favour with the Senate. His death ended the Julio-Claudian line
of Emperors that had ruled Rome for 128 years; he was succeeded by Galba, who
ruled for less than 6 months before facing challenges to his leadership.
1 January 68, Friday (-685,689)
1 January 67, Thursday
(-686,054)
1 January 66, Wednesday
(-686,419)
1 January 65, Tuesday
(-686,784) week 98,112
18 July 64. Tuesday
(-686,952) The great fire of Rome
took place during the reign of Nero
(born 15 December 37, became emperor 13 October 54). He played the lyre and was
50 miles away at his villa in Antium when he heard the news. The fire destroyed
10 of the 14 districts of Rome and burned for 6 days. Nero was blamed for
starting the fire, and to divert blame he said the Christians had started it,
putting them to death in cruel ways.
1 January 64, Sunday (-687,150)
1 January 63, Saturday
(-687,515)
1 January 62, Friday
(-687,880)
1 January 61, Thursday
(-688,245)
1 January 60, Tuesday
(-688,611) week 98,373
1 January 59, Monday
(-688,976)
1 January 58, Sunday
(-689,341)
1 January 57, Saturday
(-689,706)
1 January 56, Thursday
(-690,072)
1 January 55, Wednesday
(-690,437)
================================================================================
25 December 54, Wednesday
(-690,444)
23 October 54, Wednesday
(-690,507)
13 October 54, Sunday
(-690,517) Roman Emperor Claudius I died, aged 64, possibly after being
poisoned by Agrippina, his wife and niece, and was succeeded by Nero,
Agrippina�s son by another marriage.
1 January 54, Tuesday
(-690,802) week 98,686
==================================================================================
25 December 53, Tuesday
(-690,809)
23 October 53, Tuesday
(-690,872)
15 September 53, Thursday
(-690,940) Marcus Ulpius Traianus, the Emperor Trajan, was born near
Seville, Spain. He was the first Roman Emperor to be born in the provinces.
1 January 53, Monday
(-691,167)
1 January 52, Saturday
(-691,533)
==============================================================================
25 December 51, Saturday
(-691,540)
24 October 51, Sunday
(-691,602)� Domitian, Emperor of
Rome, was born.
1 January 51, Friday
(-691,898)
1 January 50, Thursday
(-692,263)
1 January 49, Wednesday
(-692,628)
1 January 48, Monday
(-692,994)
1 January 47, Sunday
(-693,359)
1 January 46, Saturday
(-693,724)
1 January 45, Friday
(-694,089)
1 January 44, Wednesday
(-694,455)
7 December 43, Saturday
(-694,480) Death of Cicero, Roman statesman and writer.
1 January 43, Tuesday
(-694,820) week 99,260
1 January 42, Monday
(-695,185)
25 January 41,
Wednesday (-695,526) After a night of
negotiation, Claudius was accepted as Emperor by the Senate.
24 January 41,
Tuesday (-695,527) Caligula, known for his
eccentricity and cruel despotism, was assassinated, aged 28, by his disgruntled
Praetorian Guards.
1 January 41, Sunday (-695,550)
1 January 40, Friday (-695,916)
1 January 39, Thursday (-696,281)
1 January 38, Wednesday (-696,646)
================================================================================
25
December 37, Wednesday (-696,653)
15
December 37, Sunday (-696,663) Roman Emperor Nero was born.
18 March 37, Monday
(-696,935) The Roman Senate annulled�
Tiberius's will and proclaimed Caligula Roman Emperor.
16 March 37, Saturday
(-696,937) Emperor Tiberius died.
1 January 37, Tuesday
(-697,011) week 99,573
1 January 36, Sunday
(-697,377)
1 January 35, Saturday
(-697,742)
1 January 34, Friday
(-698,107)
3 April 33, Friday
(-698,380) Jesus was put to death. This was to become the Church festival
of Easter, with chocolate bunnies and Easter Eggs. Not really much to do with
Jesus� death, but everything to do with the old Pagan festival of rebirth, as
spring life returned to the land. Even the name �Easter� derives from the old
fertility goddess, Astarte, from which we derive fertility-related words like
Oestrogen and East, the direction the (lifegiving) sun rises from.
1 January 33, Thursday
(-698,472)
6/5/32, Tuesday
(-698,712)
28 April 32, Monday
(-698,720) The Roman Emperor Otto was born.
1 January 32, Tuesday
(-698,838) week 99,834
=================================================================================
25 December 31, Tuesday
(-698,845)
23 October 31, Tuesday
(-698,908)
18 October 31, Thursday
(-698,913) Lucius Aelius Sejanus, plotter against Emperor Tiberius, was
executed in Rome.
1 January 31, Monday
(-699,203)
1 January 30, Sunday
(-699,568)
1 January 29, Saturday
(-699,933)
1 January 28, Thursday
(-700,299)
1 January 27, Wednesday
(-700,664)
1 January 26, Tuesday
(-701,029) week 100,147
1 January 25, Monday
(-701,394)
1 January 24, Saturday
(-701,760)
==============================================================================
25 December 23, Saturday
(-701,767)
23 October 23, Saturday (-701,830)
4 October 23, Monday (-701,849)
After disastrous floods in China as the Yellow River changed course several
times between 2AD and 11 AD, causing famine, starving rebel peasants stormed
the Chinese Imperial Palace. Emperor Wang Mang attempted to marshal magical
forces in defence, in vain, and he was killed in fighting on 6 October 23.
1 January 23, Friday
(-702,125)
1 January 22, Thursday
(-702,490)
1 January 21, Wednesday
(-702,855)
1 January 20, Monday
(-703,221)
1 January 19, Sunday
(-703,586)
1 January 18, Saturday
(-703,951)
26/5/17. Wednesday
(704,171) The Romans won a major victory over Arminius, avenging their
defeat of Autumn 9 in the
Teutoberg Forest.
2 January 17, Saturday,
(-704,315) Historian and poet Livy died in Rome.
1 January 17, Friday
(-704,316)
1 January 16, Wednesday
(-704,682)
================================================================================
25 December 15, Wednesday
(-704,689)
23 October 15, Wednesday
(-704,752)
24 September 15, Tuesday
(-704,781) The Roman Emperor Aulus Vitellius was born.
1 January 15, Tuesday
(-705,047) week 100,721
=============================================================================
25 December 14, Tuesday
(-705,054)
23 October 14, Tuesday
(-705,117)
21 August 14, Tuesday
(-705,180)
19 August 14. Sunday (-705,182) Death
of the Roman Emperor Augustus.
He was born in Rome on 23 September 63 BC. He was succeeded by Tiberius.
1
January 14, Monday (-705,412)
1
January 13, Sunday (-705,777)
==============================================================================
25 December 12, Sunday
(-705,784)
23 October 12, Sunday
(-705,847)
31 August 12, Wednesday
(-705,900) Birth of Emperor Caligula.
21 August 12, Sunday
(-705,910)
1 January 12, Friday
(-706,143)
1 January 11, Thursday
(-706,508)
1 January 10, Wednesday
(-706,873)
==============================================================================
25 December 9, Wednesday
(-706,880)
18
November 9, Monday
(-706,917) Birth of Roman Emperor Vespasian.
Autumn 9. Three entire Roman legions under General Quintinius Varus were defeated
by the Germanic tribes under Arminius in the Teutoberg Forest. Varus
had set out from his base at Minden but was ambushed by Arminius�s forces, who
caught the Romans out of battle formation whilst marching in the forest. Half
the Roman force survived this ambush and marched south, only to find the route
blocked by German forces at Kalkreise. The Romans fled in disarray; a few were
sacrificed to German gods, most of the rest enslaved. A few Romans reached the
Roman fort at Aliso, where they held out until winter, the German tribes then
went home, allowing the Romans to march back to Roman territory, bringing news
of the disaster. The Romans had hoped to push as far east as the Elbe;
eliminating a salient into their territory created by the Rhine-Danube
boundary. The Rhine was then settled on by the Romans as the boundary of their
empire. See 26/5/17.
10
January 9, Thursday
(-707,229) Wang Mang assumed the title of Emperor of China, replacing the
Han Dynasty by the new H�sin Dynasty.
1 January 9, Tuesday
(-707,238) week 101,034
27 November 8, Tuesday
(-707,273) Death of Horace, Roman poet.
1 January 8, Sunday
(-707,604)
1 January 7, Saturday
(-707,969)
3 February 6, Wednesday (-708,301) Chinese
Emperor P�ing suddenly died; some suspected Wang Mang of poisoning him. Wang
Mang arranged for the youngest of some 50 possible successors, a 1 year old
baby, to be the new Emperor; Wang Mang became effective Emperor.
1 January 6, Friday
(-708,334)
1 January 5, Thursday
(-708,699)
1 January 4, Tuesday
(-709,065) week 101,295
1 January 3, Monday
(-709,430)
1 January 2, Sunday
(-709,795)
28 December 1. Wednesday
(-709,799) Herod ordered the
slaughter of all the infants in Bethlehem to ensure the death of Jesus Christ, whom he saw as a possible
future rival King.
1 July 1, Friday
(-709,979) A teacher got paid 60 denarii a day; enough to buy 3kg of pork,
or 5 litres of cheap wine.
1 January 1, Saturday
(-710,160)
25
December 1 BCE, Saturday (-710,167)
23
October 1 BCE, Saturday (-710,230)
21
August 1 BCE, Saturday (-710,293)
15
August 1 BCE, Sunday (-710,299) Emperor
Ai of China died. Wang Mang became Regent once more, at the behest of Wang
Mang;s aunt, the Empress Dowager. Wang Mang quickly arranged for his 14 year
old daughter to be the Empress of the new Chinese Emperor, P�ing.
1 January 1
BCE, Thursday (-710,526)
1 January 2
BCE, Wednesday (-710,891)
1 January 3
BCE, Tuesday (-711,256) week 101,608
1 January 4
BCE, Sunday (-711,622)
1 January 5
BCE, Saturday (-711,987)
1 January 6
BCE, Friday (-712,352)
===============================================================================
25
December 7 BCE, Friday (-712,359)
23
October 7 BCE, Friday (-712,422)
27
August 7 BCE, Thursday (-719,479) Under
the rule of Emperor Ai of China, Wang Mang resigned the regency. Ai disliked
Wang Mang, and he was sent to his country estates.
21
August 7 BCE, Friday (-719,485)
17 April
7 BCE,
Friday (-712,611) Emperor Ch�eng of China
died, without an heir.
1 January 7
BCE, Thursday (-712,717)
================================================================================
25
December 8 BCE, Thursday (-712,724)
28
November 8 BCE, Friday (-712,751)
Wang Mang became Regent of China.
1 January 8,
BCE, Tuesday (-713,083) week 101,869
1 January 9
BCE, Monday (-713,448)
1 August
10 BCE. Tuesday (-713,601) Roman Emperor Claudius I
was born in Lyons.
1 January 10
BCE, Sunday (-713,813)
1 January 11
BCE, Saturday (-714,178)
1 January 12
BCE, Thursday (-714,544)
1 January 13
BCE, Wednesday (-714,909)
1 January 14
BCE, Tuesday (-715,274) week 102,182
1 January 15
BCE, Monday (-715,639)
1 January 16,
BCE, Saturday (-716,005)
1 January 17
BCE, Friday (-716,370)
1 January 18
BCE, Thursday (-716,735)
=================================================================================
25
December 19 BCE, Thursday (-716.742)
23/10,19
BCE,
Thursday (-716,805)
21
September 19 BCE. Sunday (-716,837) The
Roman poet Virgil, born 15 October
70 BC, died, after falling ill with sunstroke whilst on a journey to Greece.
His tomb in Naples became a shrine.
21
August 19 BCE, Thursday (716,868)
1 August
19 BCE, Friday (-716,888) Claudius I, Roman Emperor
who invaded Britain in 43 AD, was born.
1 January 19
BCE, Wednesday (-717,100)
1 January 20
BCE, Monday (-717,466)
1 January 21
BCE, Sunday (-717,831)
1 January 22
BCE, Saturday (-718,196)
=================================================================================
25
December 23 BCE, Saturday (-718,203)
23
October 23 BCE, Saturday (-718,266)
8
September 23 BCE. Wednesday (-718,311) The
first recorded ritual Sumo wrestling
bout took place. Each year a priest still officiates for the Ceremony of the
Crows at the Kamo shrine, Kyoto, Japan.
1 January 23
BCE, Friday (-718,561)
1 January 24
BCE, Wednesday (-718,927)
1 January 25
BCE, Tuesday (-719,292) week 102,756
1 January 26
BCE, Monday (-719,657)
1 January 27
BCE, Sunday (-720,022)
1 January 28
BCE, Friday (-720,388)
1 January 29
BCE, Thursday (-720,753)
12
August 30 BCE, Tuesday (-720,895) Cleopatra
died.
1 August
30 BCE,� Friday
(-720,906) Octavian Caesar captured Alexandria. This marked the official
annexation of Ancient Egypt to the Roman Republic.
1 January 30
BCE, Wednesday (-721,118)
=================================================================================
25
December 31 BCE, Wednesday (-721,125)
23
October 31 BCE, Wednesday (-721,188)
2
September 31 BCE. Monday (-721,239) Octavian and his General, Agrippa, defeated
Mark Anthony and Cleopatra�s fleet off Actium. Anthony followed
Cleopatra to Egypt, to which she had escaped with 60 ships. There, pursued by
his enemies and deserted by his troops, Anthony,
aged 52, committed suicide in the mistaken belief that Cleopatra had
already done likewise.
1 January 31
BCE, Tuesday (-721,483) week 103,069
1 January 32
BCE, Sunday (-721,849)
1 January 33
BCE, Saturday (-722,214)
1 January 34
BCE, Friday (-722,579)
1 January 35
BCE, Thursday (-722,944)
1 January 36
BCE, Tuesday (-722,310) week 103,330
1 January 37
BCE, Monday (-723,675)
1 January 38
BCE, Sunday (-724,040)
1 January 39
BCE, Saturday (-724,405)
1 January 40
BCE, Thursday (-724,771)
1 January 41
BCE, Wednesday (-725,136)
================================================================================
25
December 42 BCE, Wednesday (-725,143)
16
November 42 BCE. Saturday (-725,182) (1) Second Battle of Philippi. Antony again attacked Brutus�
camp, whilst Octavian mounted a distraction attack. The Republicans were
routed; Brutus escaped with 4 legions but committed suicide soon after,
bringing the Second Triumvirate Wars to a close. Octavian and Lepidus resumed
governing the West whilst Antony ruled over the East. Antony met Cleopatra,
Queen of Egypt, in Cilicia, starting a love affair.
(2) Tiberius, the second Emperor of Rome, whose
rule was marked by cruelty and debauchery, was born in Rome. He was the son of the High Priest Tiberius Claudius
Nero, and of Livia Drusilla, her husband�s cousin.
26
October 42 BCE, Saturday (-725,203) First
Battle of Philppi. Antony mounted a suprose attack on the Republicans, Brutus
and Cassius, through a swamp.� Antony
successfully destroyed the camp but Brutus did much damage to Antony�s forces.
Meanwhile Cassius committed suicide, beleaving the Republicans hed been
defeated.
1 January 42
BCE, Tuesday (-725,501) week 103,643
7
December 43 BCE. Friday (-725,526) Cicero (Marcus Tullus), the great
Roman orator, was killed by a soldier, Herennius, as he attempted to flee by
ship to Macedonia. He had fallen into disfavour �for writing The Philippics, a series of attacks on Mark Anthony. In 44 BC he
had been in a powerful position, when Julius Caesar was assassinated, but
Cicero then opposed Caesar�s successor, Octavian.
10
October 43 BCE, Wednesday (-725,584) The city of Lyons was founded by Lucius
Plancus.
5
October 43 BCE, Friday (-725,589)
21
April 43 BCE, Saturday (-725,756) Battle of Mutina. Antony�s forces were
again defeated by Hirtius, although Hirtius himself was killed. Antony
retreated west into Transalpine Gaul to join with Lepidus, a supporter of
Julius Caesar. Decimus, meanwhile, was killed by brigands.
14
April 43 BCE, Saturday (-725,763) At the Battle of Forum Gallorum, Mark
Anthony, besieging Juluis Caesar�s assassin Decimus Junius Brutus in Mutina,
defeated the forces of Consul Pansa, who was killed this day. However whilst
celebrating victory, Antony�s forces were subject to a surprise attack and
routed by Hirtius. Antony rallied his forces and regrouped at Mutina.
20
March 43 BCE, Tuesday (-725,788) The poet Ovid was born.
1 January 43 BCE, Monday (-725,866)
15
March 44 BCE. Wednesday (-726,158) Julius Caesar murdered. He was born on 12 July
100 BC, but not by Caesarean section as often claimed, although his surname
does derive from the Latin �to cut�. He made major conquests in his lifetime,
and put down civil wars in Asia and Spain; he was honoured like a god. But he
was slain by his close associates when he began claiming in name power he held
in fact, and planning grand projects such as the invasion of Parthia.
15
February 44 BCE, Tuesday (-726,187) Julius Caesar was appointed dictator for
life.
1 January 44 BCE, Saturday (-726,232) (Roman
Empire) Julius
Caesar introduced the Julian Calendar. For more details of the Roman Calendar see Metrology
The Julian Calendar was in use, in Britain, until 1752; and
then replaced by the more accurate Gregorian Calendar. The Gregorian Calendar
omitted leap days for century years unless divisible by 400, whereas the Julian
Calendar had all years divisible by 4 as leap years. By 1752 the Julian
Calendar was 11 days ahead of the true date. Years of conversion from Julian to
Gregorian varied between countries.
Due to many different date/week calendars operating in
various world regions before this date, 1 January 44 BCE, all day/dates back before
1 January 45 BCE,� are calculated on a notional Gregorian Calendar.
17
March 45 BCE, Wednesday (-726,522) Caesar defeated an army assembled by
Pompey�s sons at the Battle of Munda, near Montilla, Spain.
1
January 45 BCE, Friday (-726,597)
8
April 46 BCE, Wednesday� (-726,865) Julius
Caesar defeated Scipio�s Republican army at Thapsus in Africa.
1 January 46 BCE, Thursday (-726,962)
23
June 47 BCE, Monday� (727,154) Queen
Cleopatra gave birth to Caesarion, who was probably the son of Julius Caesar.
1 January 47 BCE, Wednesday (-727,327)
=================================================================================
25
December 48 BCE, Wednesday (-727,334)
23
October 48 BCE, Wednesday (-727,397)
21
August 48 BCE, Wednesday (-727,460)
9
August 48 BCE. Friday (-727,472) Battle of Pharsalus. Pompey finally
decided to use his numerical superiority to move against Caesar�s troops.
Caesar got ready to fight. Caesar�s left flank was secure against the steep
bank of the Enipeus River but he was vulnerable to the right, which he took
care to reinforce as he advanced against Pompey. In a decisive bold action,
Caesar charged into Pompey�s lines, then attacked the flanks of Pompey�s
cavalry to his right, scattering them. Pompey fled, his army routed, escaping
to Egypt with just 30 horsemen. Caesar�s losses were 230 killed and 2,000
wounded; however Pompey�s forces suffered 15,000 dead and wounded, and 24,000
were taken prisoner. Greece and Asia now declared loyalty to Caesar, leaving
Egypt, north Africa and Spain still supporting Pompey.� However on landing in Egypt on 28 September 48
BC, Pompey was murdered on the orders of Ptolemy XII. Caesar�s forces continued to hunt down Pompey�s forces under his
sons, finally defeating them in Spain on 15 March 45 BC.
20/5/48
BCE, Sunday (-727,554) The Battle of Dyrrachium. Pompey in
Dyrrachium, now running short of water and fodder for his horses, broke out of
Caesar�s siege without difficulty, with his numerically-superior army. Caesar
withdrew into Thessaly (central Greece). However Pompey failed to follow up
this victory, but acted cautiously, leaving a strong garrison in Dyrrachium.
Caesar now regrouped in Thessaly, and now had 30,000 infantry and 1,000
cavalry, against Pompey�s 60,000 infantry and 7,000 cavalry. Both sides now
faced each other across the Plain of Pharsalus (Farsala, Thessaly); Caesar
attempted to lure Pompey into battle, but Pompey did not move.
1 January 48 BCE, Monday (-727,693)
===============================================================================
25
December 49 BCE, Monday (-727,700)
28
November 49 BCE, Tuesday (-727,727) Caesar
mustered every ship available, and took 7 legions and a few cavalry, some 25,000
men in total. Avoiding contact with Pompey�s fleet, he sailed south of Pompey�s
main base at Dyrrachium (Durres, Albania). Caesar mow sailed back across the
Adriatic to Brundisium (Brindisi, southern Italy) to pick up Mark Antony,
however Pompey was now alerted to Caesar�s movements, and blockaded Antony in
Brundisium. Pompey now mustered an army of 100,000 and moved north from Epirus
(NW Greece) to Dyrrachium. However Pompey�s troops were of inferior quality to
Caesar�s soldiers, and he made no� effort
(January 48 BCE)� to exploit his 4:1
numerical advantage by forcing a battle. In fact Caesar took the initiative,
manoeuvring around Dyrrachium.
23
October 49 BCE, Monday (-727,763)
6
September 49 BCE, Wednesday (-727,810) Caesar landed at Massilia (Marseilles)
from Spain, and the city surrendered to him. Domitius escaped by sea. Caesar
went to Rome and discovered his small fleet at Curicta (Krk, Croatia) had been
defeated.
21
August 49 BCE, Monday (-727,826)
24
July 49 BCE, Monday (-727,854) Caesar�s legate, Gaius Curio, had
established Caeasar�s authority in Sicily without trouble. However this day he
was defeated by Pompey�s forces under Attius Varius, allied with Juba, King of
Numidia. Pompey consolidated his hold over Africa. Curio committed suicide rather
than surrender.
2
July 49 BCE. Sunday (-727,876) Caesar,
having left Marcus Antonius in charge of Italy and marched to Spain, defeats
Pompey�s generals Afranius and Petreius at Lerida north of the Ebro River.
9
March 49 BCE, Thursday (-727,991) Caesar left Rome to fight Pompey�s
supporters in Spain.
10
January 49 BCE. Tuesday (-728,049) Caesar crossed the Rubicon, a small river
marking the boundary between Gaul and Italy, as he marched on Rome to fight his
former ally Pompey. Pompey, fearing Caesar�s large army, fled Italy for Greece
along with most of the Senate.
7
January 49 BCE. Saturday (-728,052) The
Senate said it would declare Caesar a public enemy if he did not disband his
army.
1 January 49 BCE, Sunday (-728,058)
1 January 50 BCE, Saturday (-728,423)
1 January 51 BCE, Friday (-728,788)
==============================================================================
25
December 52 BCE, Friday (-728,795)
23
October 52 BCE, Friday (-728,858)
3
October 52 BCE, Saturday (-728,878) Battle of Alesia: Caesar defeated the
Gauls led by Vercingetorix (who surrendered on October 3), breaking the back of
the Gallic insurrection. The final pacification of Gaul was completed the
following year.
1 January 52 BCE, Wednesday (-729,154)
1 January 53 BCE, Tuesday (-729,519) week
104,217)
1 January 54 BCE, Monday (-729,884)
===============================================================================
25
December 55 BCE, Monday (-729,891)
23
October 55 BCE, Monday (-729,954)
26
August 55 BCE, Saturday (-729,012) Julius Caesar landed in Britain. He was
attempting to deter the Britons from giving military aid to the Gauls.
21
August 55 BCE, Monday (-730,017)
1 January 55 BCE, Sunday (-730,149)
1 January 56 BCE, Friday (-730,615)
1 January 57 BCE, Thursday (-730,980)
1 January 58 BCE, Wednesday (-731,345)
1 January 59 BCE, Tuesday (-731,710) week
104,530
1 January 60 BCE, Sunday (-732,076)
===============================================================================
25
December 61 BCE, Sunday (-732,083)
23
October 61 BCE, Sunday (-732,146)
29
September 61 BCE, Thursday (-732,170) Pompey the Great celebrated his third
triumph for victories over the pirates and the end of the Mithridatic Wars.
1 January 61 BCE, Saturday (-732,441)
5
January 62 BCE, Tuesday (-732,802) The forces of the conspirator Catiline
were defeated by the loyal Roman armies of Antonius Hybrida led by Gaius
Antonius in the Battle of Pistoria.
1 January 62 BCE, Friday (-732,806)
================================================================================
25
December 63 BCE, Friday (-732,813)
3
December 63 BCE, Thursday (-732,835) In Rome the conspirators in the failed
Catiline revolt were executed. Lucius Sergius Catiline himself has already fled
but died in battle a month later. The episode exposed the discontent in Rome
with an oligarchic ruling elite.
23
October 63 BCE, Friday (-732,876)
23
September 63 BCE. Wednesday (-732,906) Birth
of the first Roman Emperor, Gaius
Octavius Caesar, adopted son and heir of Julius Caesar.
1 January 63 BCE, Thursday (-733,171)
1 January 64 BCE, Tuesday (-733,537) week
104,791
8
December 65 BCE. Saturday (-733,561) Horace, Roman poet, was born in Venusian
Apulia.
1 January 65 BCE, Monday (-733,902)
1 January 66 BCE, Sunday (-734,267)
1 January 67 BCE, Saturday (-734,632)
1 January 68 BCE, Thursday (-734,998)
12/5/69
BCE, Tuesday (-735,231)
1 January 69 BCE, Wednesday (-735,363)
==============================================================================
25
December 70 BCE, Wednesday (-735,370)
23
October 70 BCE, Wednesday (-735,433)
15
October 70 BCE, Tuesday (-735,441) Virgil, Roman poet, was born.
1 January 70 BCE, Tuesday (-735,728) week
105,104
1 January 71 BCE, Monday (-736,093)
1 January 72 BCE, Saturday (-736,459)
1 January 73 BCE, Friday (-736,824)
1 January 74 BCE, Thursday (-737,189)
1 January 75 BCE, Wednesday (-737,554)
1 January 76 BCE, Monday (-737,920)
1 January 77 BCE, Sunday (-738,285)
1 January 78 BCE, Saturday (-738,650)
1 January 79 BCE, Friday (-739,015)
1 January 80 BCE, Wednesday (-739,381)
1 January 81 BCE, Tuesday (-739,746) week
105,678
==============================================================================
25
December 82 BCE, Tuesday (-739,753)
1
November 82 BCE, Thursday (-739,807) Conflict in Rome between democratic
reformist populares and wealthier anti-reformist optimates. This dispute had
begun in 83 BC; in Autumn 82 BC an army of Samnites, under King Pontius Telesinus,
who favoured democratic reform, was laying siege to Rome itself. Sulla
outflanked the Samnites, and Telesinus was killed; the Samnites then fled in
disarray. Sulla then became Dictator of Rome.
23
October 82 BCE, Tuesday (-739,816)
1 January 82 BCE, Monday (-740,111)
1 January 83 BCE, Sunday (-740,476)
1 January 84 BCE, Friday (-740,842)
1 January 85 BCE, Thursday (-741,207)
13
January 86 BCE, Monday (-741,560) Gaius Marius, Roman soldier and
politician, died.
1 January 86 BCE, Wednesday (-741,572)
1 January 87 BCE, Tuesday (-741,937) week
105,991
1 January 88 BCE, Sunday (-742,303)
1 January 89 BCE, Saturday (-742,668)
1 January 90 BCE, Friday (-743,033)
1 January 91 BCE, Thursday (-743,398)
1 January 92 BCE, Tuesday (-743,764) week
106,252
1 January 93 BCE, Monday (-744,129)
1 January 94 BCE, Sunday (-744,494)
1 January 95 BCE, Saturday (-744,859)
1 January 96 BCE, Thursday (-745,225)
1 January 97 BCE, Wednesday (-745,590)
1 January 98 BCE, Tuesday (-745,955) week
106,565
1 January 99 BCE, Monday (-746,320)
12
July 100 BC. Wednesday (-746,493) Roman Emperor Julius Caesar was born, but
not by Caesarean section, though his name does derive from the Latin �to cut�.
1 January 100
BCE,
Sunday (-746,685)
1 January 101 BCE, Saturday (-747,050)
1 January 102 BCE, Friday (-747,415)
1 January 103 BCE, Thursday (-747,780)
1 January 104 BCE, Tuesday (-748,146) week
106,878
1 January 105 BCE, Monday (-748,511)
3
January 106 BCE, Tuesday (-748,874) Marcus Tullius Cicero, Roman statesman,
was born.
1 January 106 BCE, Sunday (-748,876)
1 January 107 BCE, Saturday (-749,241)
1 January 108 BCE, Thursday (-749,607)
1 January 109 BCE, Wednesday (-749,972)
1 January 110 BCE, Tuesday (-750,337) week
107,191
1 January 111 BCE, Monday (-750,702)
1 January 112 BCE, Saturday (-751,068)
1 January 113 BCE, Friday (-751,433)
1 January 114 BCE, Thursday (-751,798)
1 January 115 BCE, Wednesday (-752,163)
1 January 116 BCE, Monday (-752,529)
1 January 117 BCE, Sunday (-752,894)
1 January 118 BCE, Saturday (-753,259)
1 January 119 BCE, Friday (-753,624)
1 January 120 BCE, Wednesday (-753,990)
1 January 121 BCE, Tuesday (-754,355) week
107,765
1 January 122 BCE, Monday (-754,720)
1 January 123 BCE, Sunday (-755,085)
1 January 124 BCE, Friday (-755,451)
1 January 125 BCE, Thursday (-755,816)
1 January 126 BCE, Wednesday (-755,181)
1 January 127 BCE, Tuesday (-756,546) week
108,078
1 January 128 BCE, Sunday (-756,912)
1 January 129 BCE, Saturday (-757,277)
1 January 130 BCE, Friday (-757,642)
1 January 131 BCE, Thursday (-758,007)
1 January 132 BCE, Tuesday (-758,373) week
108,339
1 January 133 BCE, Monday (-758,738)
1 January 134 BCE, Sunday (-759,103)
1 January 135 BCE, Saturday (-759,468)
1 January 136 BCE, Thursday (-759,834)
1 January 137 BCE, Wednesday (-760,199)
1 January 138 BCE, Tuesday (-760,564) week
108,652
1 January 139 BCE, Monday (-760,929)
1 January 140 BCE, Saturday (-761,295)
1 January 141 BCE, Friday (-761,660)
1 January 142 BCE, Thursday (-762,025)
1 January 143 BCE, Wednesday (-762,390)
1 January 144 BCE, Monday (-762,756)
1 January 145 BCE, Sunday (-763,121)
1 January 146 BCE, Saturday (-763,486)
1 January 147 BCE, Friday (-763,851)
1 January 148 BCE, Wednesday (-764,217)
1 January 149 BCE, Tuesday (-764,582)
1 January 150 BCE, Monday (-764,947)
1 January 151 BCE, Sunday (-765,312)
1 January 152 BCE, Friday (-765,678)
1 January 153 BCE, Thursday
(-766,043) 1st
January became the start of the civil year in Rome, rather than the traditional
15 March; a revolt in Spain had forced the earlier accession of the Roman
Consuls.
1 January 154 BCE, Wednesday
(-766,408)
1 January 155 BCE, Tuesday
(-766,773) week 109,539
1 January 156 BCE, Sunday (-767,139)
1 January 157 BCE, Saturday
(-767,504)
1 January 158 BCE, Friday
(-767,869)
1 January 159 BCE, Thursday
(-768,234)
1 January 160 BCE, Tuesday
(-768,600) week 109,800
1 January 161 BCE, Monday
(-768,965)
1 January 162 BCE, Sunday
(-769,330)
1 January 163 BCE, Saturday
(-769,695)
1 January 164 BCE, Thursday
(-770,061)
1 January 165 BCE, Wednesday
(-770,426)
1 January 166 BCE, Tuesday
(-770,791) week 110,113
1 January 167 BCE, Monday
(-771,156)
22
June 168 BCE, Wednesday (-771,350)The Romans defeated the Macedonians,
under Perseus, at Pydna.
1 January 168 BCE, Saturday (-771,522)
11/5/169
BCE, Tuesday (-771,757)
1 January 169 BCE, Friday (-771,887)
1 January 170 BCE, Thursday (-772,252)
1 January 171 BCE, Wednesday (-772,617)
1 January 172 BCE, Monday (-772,983)
1 January 173 BCE, Sunday (-773,348)
1 January 174 BCE, Saturday (-773,713)
1 January 175 BCE, Friday (-774,178)
1 January 176 BCE, Wednesday (-774,444)
1 January 177 BCE, Tuesday (-774,809)
week 110,687
1 January 178 BCE, Monday (-775,174)
1 January 179 BCE, Sunday (-775,539)
1 January 180 BCE, Friday (-775,905)
1 January 181 BCE, Thursday (-776,270)
1 January 182 BCE, Wednesday (-776,635)
1 January 183 BCE, Tuesday (-777,000)
week 111,000
1 January 184 BCE, Sunday (-777,366)
1 January 185 BCE, Saturday (-777,731)
1 January 186 BCE, Friday (-778,096)
1 January 187 BCE, Thursday (-778,461)
1 January 188 BCE, Tuesday (-778,827)
week 111,261
1 January 189 BCE, Monday (-779,192)
1 January 190 BCE, Sunday (-779,557)
1 January 191 BCE, Saturday (-779,922)
1 January 192 BCE, Thursday (-780,288)
1 January 193 BCE, Wednesday (-780,653)
1 January 194 BCE, Tuesday (-781,018) week
111,574
1 January 195 BCE, Monday (-781,383)
1 January 196 BCE, Saturday (-781,749)
1 January 197 BCE, Friday (-782,114)
1 January 198 BCE, Thursday (-782,479)
1 January 199 BCE, Wednesday (-782,844)
1 January 200
BCE,
Tuesday (-783,209) week 111,887
1 January 201 BCE, Monday (-783,574)
19 October 202
BCE, Battle of Zama, end of the Second Punic War. The Romans
under Scipio defeated a combined force of Carthaginians and Numidians under
Hannibal, Carthage capitulated.
1 January 202 BCE, Sunday
(-783,939)
1 January 203 BCE, Saturday
(-784,304)
1 January 204 BCE, Thursday
(-784,670)
1 January 205 BCE, Wednesday
(-785,035)
1 January 206 BCE, Tuesday
(-785,400) week 112,200
1 January 207 BCE, Monday
(-785,765)
1 January 208 BCE, Saturday (-786,131)
1 January 209 BCE, Friday
(-786,496)
1 January 210 BCE, Thursday
(-786,861)
1 January 211 BCE, Wednesday
(-787,226)
1 January 212 BCE, Monday
(-787,592)
1 January 213 BCE, Sunday
(-787,957)
1 January 214 BCE, Saturday (-788,322)
1 January 215 BCE, Friday
(-788,687)
2
August 216 BCE. Sunday (-788,819) Hannibal
defeated the Romans at the Battle of
Cannae. The Phoenicians
originated in modern day Lebanon but grew rich on trade and expanded
throughout the western Mediterranean. Their original city was Sidon in Lebanon,
which was a wealthy trading entrepot by 1500 BC. From Sidon came the colony of
Tyre, 20 miles further south; Tyre came to eclipse Sidon. From Tyre trading
colonies were sent out across the Mediterranean, trading as far as �Tarshish�,
perhaps southern Spain or even Cornwall; Tarshish had many valuable metal
mines. Carthage was the foremost Phoenician colony of Tyre.
Carthage, in Tunisia, was founded
around 814 BC. By 480 BC, when the Carthaginian Himilco landed in tin-rich
Cornwall, Carthage was a major power. Other Carthaginians sailed around west
Africa perhaps as far as Cameroon. There was conflict with Greece and in 535 BC
the Carthaginians, helped by their Etruscan allies, drove the Greeks out of
Corsica and Sardinia. A dispute for control of Sicily continued. Meanwhile Rome
was rising in power. In 246 BC Rome started the first Punic War in an effort to
gain Sicily and in 241 BC Rome gained Sicily, Corsica, and Sardinia. The
Carthaginians moved into Spain and set up Cartagena or New Carthage. Carthage
again grew rich and there was further conflict with Rome in 218 BC. Hannibal
set off from Cartegana in Spain and marched through Spain Gaul and Italy with
nearly 40 elephants, defeating the Romans at Cannae in 216 BC. Hannibal�s army wiped out a Roman force nearly
twice its size, killing 70,000 Romans whilst losing only 6,000 of its own men.
However Rome continued to harass
Hannibal for the next 13 years, and when Rome invaded Carthage it was abandoned
by its allies; Rome occupied Spain and Sicily. Hannibal was defeated by Rome in
202 BC at Zama, south west of Carthage, and Hannibal himself fled, committing
suicide in about 183 BC.
Carthage again prospered under peace
and once again became a threat to Rome. In 150 BC Rome found an excuse to
attack Carthage and besieged it for three years, capturing it in 146 BC. The
city was totally destroyed but a century later Julius Caesar established a
Roman colony there. In 439 the city was razed by the Vandals as Roman power
waned. The Byzantine conquest revived Carthage but in 698 the city fell to the
Arabs, who demolished it and used the stone to build Tunis. Some of Carthage�s
granite and marble was exported to build cathedrals in Pisa, Genoa, and perhaps
even Canterbury.
1 January 216 BCE, Wednesday (-789,053)
24
June 217 BCE, Wednesday (-789,207) Carthaginian forces, allied with Gauls,
under Hannibal defeated the Romans at Lake
Trasimene, 10 miles north west of Perusia. Some 16,000 Romans, including
their commander Flaminius were killed, the lake turned red with their blood.
22
June 217 BCE, Monday (-789,209) Egyptian native hoplites under Ptolemy IV
crushed the Seleucid army under Antiochus III at Raphia near Gaza.
1 January 217 BCE, Tuesday (-789,418)
week 112,774
1 January 218 BCE, Monday (-789,783)
1 January 219 BCE, Sunday (-790,148)
1 January 220 BCE, Friday (-790,514)
1 January 221 BCE, Thursday (-790,879)
1 January 222 BCE, Wednesday (-791,244)
1 January 223 BCE, Tuesday (-791,609) �week 113,087
1 January 224 BCE, Sunday (-791,975)
1 January 225 BCE, Saturday (-792,340)
1 January 226 BCE, Friday (-792,705)
1 January 227 BCE, Thursday (-793,070)
1 January 228 BCE, Tuesday (-793,436)
week 113,348
1 January 229 BCE, Monday (-793,801)
1 January 230 BCE, Sunday (-794,166)
1 January 231 BCE, Saturday (-794,531)
1 January 232 BCE, Thursday (-794,897)
1 January 233 BCE, Wednesday (-794,262)
1 January 234 BCE, Tuesday (-795,627)
week 113,661
1 January 235 BCE, Monday (-795,992)
1 January 236 BCE, Saturday (-796,358)
1 January 237 BCE, Friday (-796,723)
1 January 238 BCE, Thursday (-797,088)
1 January 239 BCE, Wednesday (-797,453)
1 January 240 BCE, Monday (-797,819)
10
March 241 BCE, Friday (-798,116) (Roman Empire) End of the First Punic War;
Hamilcar made peace with Rome. Carthage was forced to cede all of Sicily to
Rome.
1 January 241 BCE, Sunday (798,184)
1 January 242 BCE, Saturday (-798,549)
1 January 243 BCE, Friday (-798,914)
1 January 244 BCE, Wednesday (-799,280)
1 January 245 BCE, Tuesday (-799,645)
week 114,235
1 January 246 BCE, Monday (-800,010)
1 January 247 BCE, Sunday (-800,375)
1 January 248 BCE, Friday (-800,741)
1 January 249 BCE, Thursday (-801,106)
1 January 250 BCE, Wednesday (-801,471)
1 January 251 BCE, Tuesday (-801,836)
week 114,548
1 January 252 BCE, Sunday (-802,202)
1 January 253 BCE, Saturday (-802,567)
1 January 254 BCE, Friday (802,932)
1 January 255 BCE, Thursday (-803,297)
1 January 256 BCE, Tuesday (-803,663)
1 January 257 BCE, Monday (-804,028)
1 January 258 BCE, Sunday (-804,393)
1 January 259 BCE, Saturday (-804,758)
1 January 260 BCE, Thursday (-805,124)
1 January 261 BCE, Wednesday (-805,489)
1 January 262 BCE, Tuesday (-805,854) week
115,122
1 January 263 BCE, Monday (-806,219)
1 January 264 BCE, Saturday (-806,585)
1 January 265 BCE, Friday (-806,950)
1 January 266 BCE, Thursday (-807,315)
1 January 267 BCE, Wednesday (-807,680)
1 January 268 BCE, Monday (-808,046)
17 July 268 BCE, (Greece) Death of Arsinoe II, Queen
of Macedonia and Thebes, in Egypt.
1/1?269 BCE, Sunday (-808,411)
1 January 270 BCE, Saturday (-808,776)
1 January 271 BCE, Friday (-809,141)
1 January 272 BCE, Wednesday (-809,507)
1 January 273 BCE, Tuesday (-809,872)
week 115,696
1 January 274 BCE, Monday (-810,237)
1 January 275 BCE, Sunday (-810,602)
1 January 276 BCE, Friday (-810,968)
1 January 277 BCE, Thursday (-811,333)
1 January 278 BCE, Wednesday (-811,698)
1 January 279 BCE, Tuesday (-812,063)
week 116,009
1 January 280 BCE, Sunday (-812,429)
1 January 281 BCE, Saturday (-812,794)
1 January 282 BCE, Friday (-813,159)
1 January 283 BCE, Thursday (-813,524)
1 January 284 BCE, Tuesday (-813,890)
week 116,270)
26
June 285 BCE, Tuesday (-814,058)
1 January 285 BCE, Monday (-814,255)
1 January 286 BCE, Sunday (-814,620)
1 January 287 BCE, Saturday (-814,985)
1 January 288 BCE, Thursday (-815,351)
1 January 298 BCE, Wednesday (-815,716)
1 January 290 BCE, Tuesday (-816,081)
week 116,583
1 January 291 BCE, Monday (-816,446)
1 January 292 BCE, Saturday (-816,812)
1 January 293 BCE, Friday (-817,177)
1 January 294 BCE, Thursday (-817,542)
1 January 295 BCE, Wednesday (-817,907)
1 January 296 BCE, Monday (-818,273)
1 January 297 BCE, Sunday (-818,638)
1 January 298 BCE, Saturday (-819,003)
1 January 299 BCE, Friday (-819,368)
1 January 300
BCE,
Thursday (-819,733)
1 January 301 BCE, Wednesday (-820,098)
1 January 302 BCE, Tuesday (-820,403)
week 117,209
1 January 303 BCE, Monday (-820,828)
1 January 304 BCE, Saturday (-821,194)
1 January 305 BCE, Friday (-821,559)
1 January 306 BCE, Thursday (-821,924)
1 January 307 BCE, Wednesday (-822,289)
1 January 308 BCE, Monday (-822,655)
1 January 309 BCE, Sunday (-823,020)
1 January 310 BCE, Saturday (-823,385)
1 January 311 BCE, Friday (-823,750)
1 January 312 BCE, Wednesday (-824,116)
1 January 313 BCE, Tuesday (-824,481)
week 117,783
1 January 314 BCE, Monday (-824,846)
1 January 315 BCE, Sunday (-825,211)
1 January 316 BCE, Friday (-825,577)
1 January 317 BCE, Thursday (-825,942)
1 January 318 BCE, Wednesday (-826,307)
1 January 319 BCE, Tuesday (-826,672)
week 118,096
1 January 320 BCE, Sunday (-827,038)
1 January 321 BCE, Saturday (-827,403)
1
December 322 BCE, Wednesday (-827,434)
1
November 322 BCE, Monday (-827,464)
2
October 322.BCE. Saturday (-827,494) Death of Aristotle, born 384 BC, after a
stomach illness.
1 January 322 BCE, Friday (-827,768)
13
June 323 BCE. Saturday (-827,970) Alexander
the Great died, of a
fever, at Babylon; he was just 32 years old.. His body was taken to Alexandria,
but the location of his grave is unknown. His son, born to Alexander�s wife
Roxana in August 332 BCE, was killed in 310 BCE by one of the Generals
competing for Alexander�s Empire.
1 January 323 BCE, Thursday (-828,133)
1 January 324 BCE, Tuesday (-828,499)
week 118,357
1 January 325 BCE, Monday (-828,854)
1 January 326 BCE, Sunday (-829,229)
1 January 327 BCE, Saturday (-829,594)
1 January 328 BCE, Thursday (-829,960)
1 January 329 BCE, Wednesday (-830,325)
17
July 330 BCE, Wednesday (-830,493) King Darius III was deposed and killed
by Bessus, the satrap of Bactria. Bessus assumed the kingship as Artaxerxes IV.
30
January 330 BCE, Wednesday (-830,661) After gaining the Pass of the Persian
Gates, Alexander entered Persepolis. There he ceremonially burnt down the
palace of Xerxes I, as a symbol that the Panhellenic war of revenge was at an
end.
20
January 330 BCE, Sunday (-830,671) Alexander the Great defeated the Persians,
led by satrap Ariobarzanes.
1 January 330 BCE, Tuesday (-830,690)
week 118,670
1
October 331 BCE, Monday (-830,782) Alexander the Great defeated the Persians
under Darius III at the Battle of Gaugamela (Arbela).
20
September 331 BCE, Thursday (-830,793) The Macedonian army under Alexander the Great crossed the Tigris
River.
1 January 331 BCE, Monday (-831,055)
7/332 BCE. Alexander the Great sacked Tyre, a trading city in present-day
Lebanon.
1 January 332 BCE, Saturday (831,421)
1 January 333 BCE, Friday (-831,786)
1 January 334 BCE, Thursday (-832,151)
1 January 335 BCE, Wednesday (-832,516)
1 January 336 BCE, Monday (-832,882)
1 January 337 BCE, Sunday (-833,247)
2
August 338 BCE, Tuesday (-833,399) week 119,057 Philip of Macedon defeated
an Athenian-Theban alliance at the Battle
of Chaeronea, so ending the last Greek struggle for independence.
1/1338 BCE, Saturday (-833,612)
1 January 339 BCE, Friday (-833,977)
1 January 340 BCE, Wednesday (-834,343)
1 January 341 BCE, Tuesday (-834,708)
week 119,244
1 January 342 BCE, Monday (-835,073)
1 January 343 BCE, Sunday (-835,438)