Chronography of Morocco
Page last modified 22/12/2021
See also Africa
For events in North Africa relating
to the Islamic World and Arab Spring see also Islam & Middle
East
16/5/2003, In Casablanca, Morocco, 5
simultaneous suicide bombings struck at US and Israeli targets, killing 45.
20/7/1999, The death of King
Hassan II of Morocco
prompted widespread mourning across the Arab world.
1993, Morocco made a peace accord with Israel.
1989, Morocco restored diplomatic relations with Syria.
1988, Morocco restored diplomatic relations with Algeria.
10/1969, Ahmed Laraki became Prime Minister, succeeding Mohamed
Benhima.
30/6/1969, Spain returned the enclave of Ifni to Morocco; however the towns of
Ceuta and Melilla were retained.
27/3/1965, 14 people who had been convicting of plotting to
overthrow King
Hassan II were executed in Rabat, Morocco.
20/2/1964, Ceasfire in the border war between Algeria and
Morocco. The French, former colonial power in both countries, had drawn the
border without local consultation, and in 10/1963 a border war began. The two
countires had a further border conflict in 1967, and clashed again in 1976 over
the fate of Spanish Sahara.
6/2/1963, Mohammed ibn al-Chattabi Abd el-Krim, Morocco
opposition leader, died.
31/8/1961, Last Spanish
troops withdrew from Morocco.
26/2/1961, King Hassan II became ruler of Morocco on the
death of his father, King Mohammad V.
14/6/1958, France announce it was withdrawing its troops from
Morocco.
23/10/1957, Morocco began invading Ifni.
7/4/1956, Spain
relinquished its protectorate over Morocco.
2/3/1956, The Treaty of Fez was terminated. France officially
recognised the independence of Morocco.
20/2/1952. NATO agreed to recruit Morocco.
French and Spanish domination of
Morocco now ending
1953, The French forced Sultan Mohammad to abdicate over his support
for independence.
30/3/1952, Anti-French riots in Tangier, French Morocco.
1927, Sidi
Mohammad Yousif became Sultam Mohammad V of Morocco.
23/5/1926, In Morocco, the French seized Rif, and the rebel
leader Abd El Krim surrendered.
11/7/1925, France and Spain agreed to coordinate their efforts
in the Rif War.
11/4/1925, Abd el-Krim
defeated the French army in Morocco.
18/12/1923, The International Zone of Tangier (Morocco) was set
up.
21/7/1921, The Spanish
army was defeated by Moroccan nationalists at Annual.� The Spanish sustained over 12,000 casualties.� Adb-E-Krim,
nationalist leader, was eventually defeated by a Franco-Spanish force in 1926. Abd E Krim was held on the island of
Reunion till 1947 but was then given permission to live in France.� However
he succeeded in escaping to Egypt where he became an inspiration to Arab
nationalism generally.
1/9/1912, French troops quelled an uprising in Morocco.
Anti-colonial agitation begins in
Morocco
11/8/1912, In Morocco, Sultan Mulai Hafid abdicated.
30/3/1912. By the Treaty of�
Fez, Morocco became a French
protectorate. This Treaty was terminated on 2/3/1956.
1/7/1911, Germany sent the gunboat Panther
to Agadir, Morocco, to protect German commercial interests there from French
expansion in Morocco.� Britain was concerned about
Germany�s ambitions in Africa so close to Gibraltar.�
16/6/1911. The French army occupied Fez, in Morocco.
3/12/1910. France occupied the Moroccan port of Agadir.
23/8/1908, The Battle of Marrakesh. Abd-al-Aziz IV, Sultan of
Morocco, was defeated by his elder brother, Mulay Hafid, who had been
proclaimed Sultan in May.
4/8/1907, The French navy bombarded the Moroccan port of Casablanca,
after anti-Western demonstrations there.
7/4/1906. The Conference of Algecieras ended.
16/1/1906. The Algecieras
Conference � see 28/8/1904.
31/3/1905, Kaiser Wilhelm II of Germany arrived in Tangier,
Morocco, to give a speech in favour of Moroccan independence. This was intended to humiliate France, who
saw Morocco as their own protectorate, and to test the closeness of the
Franco-British entente. Germany intended to subsequently �grant France
limited control in Morocco�, a move supposed to bring France closer to Germany
and away from Britain. However Germany
was surprised by the forcefulness with which British
Foreign Secretary Sir Edward Grey backed
France; Germany was further isolated from France, Britain and hence Russia too.
This event paved the way for the Agadir crisis of 1911.
3/10/1904. France and Spain agreed that northern Morocco was
recognised as a Spanish zone of influence.
28/8/1904. A treaty was concluded in London whereby France
would allow the British freedom of action in Egypt in return for the British
allowing the French a free hand in Morocco. For many years the nominally
independent Sultanate of Morocco had been losing power as it became
increasingly dependent on French, Spanish, and German business and subsidies
for financial security. In October 1904 the French also concluded a secret
treaty with the Spanish. This disturbed Emperor Wilhelm II of Germany who saw his
country being squeezed out of North Africa. Wilhelm II therefore landed at
Tangier on 31 March 1905. The sultan sided with the Germans and serious
friction with the French resulted. On 161/1906 the Algecieras Conference was held. German claims were backed by
Austria whilst French claims were backed by Britain. Germany failed to curb
France�s privileged position in Morocco. See 8/4/1904.
20/7/1901, Morocco ceded control of its frontier police to
France.
1894, Treaty of
Fez. The Sultan of Morocco agreed to pay Spain a war indemnity of 20 million pesetas,
and to punish the Berbers (seer 11/1893).
11/1893, Rif Berber
tribes were attacking Spanish possession in nporthern Morocco, unchecked by the
Sultan of Mor9occo. When the Governor-General of Melilla was killed, Spain then
counterattacked with a 25,000 strong army, driving the Beber back. See 1894.
France re-establishes control of Morocco; Spain controls
northern Morocco
3/7/1880, Morocco�s
independence was recognised by the European powers and by Russia.
1860, Spain occupied the port of Ifni.
10/9/1844. France and Morocco signed the Treaty of
Tangiers, ending their conflict. France withdrew from Morocco.
1/7/1844. A French squadron under the Duke of Joinville bombarded
Tangiers.
1728, Meknes
ceased to be the capital of Morocco.
4/8/1578, Portuguese King Sebastian (1554-78), against the advice
of Pope
Gregory XIII (1502-85) and of King Philip II of Spain (1527-98),
decided to fight in Morocco in support of a Pretender to the throne,� Portugal had even wider ambitions, of a great
crusade against the Muslim �infidels� of Morocco. Portuguese forces marched
overland to Ksar el Kebir (then Alcazarquivir), where, at the Battle of the Three Kings this day,
having been debilitated by the heat and short of provisions, they were heavily
defeated by the King o0f Fez. All three Kings, Sebastian, the Pretender and the
King pf Fez, died on the battlefield. Of the 25,000 strong Portuguese army,
some 8,000 were died and 15,000 captured; a small number managed to escape. The
captured nobles were ransomed by Morocco, for a sum that nearly bankrupted
Portugal.
1497, Melilla became a Spanish colony.
1415, Ceuta became a Portuguese colony.
1290, The Marinid rulers of Morocco, whose
dynasty endured until 1470, captured the nation;s capital from the Berber
Almohads.
1147, The Almohads replaced the Almoravids.
1062, The city
of Marrakesh was founded by Youssef ben Tachfine, founder of the Almoravid Dynasty in 1053.
711, Invading
Arab armies brought Islam to Morocco. They founded the Idrissid
Kingdom, which ruled from 744 to 788.
618, The Goths
invaded Morocco,
429, Vandal
invaders crossed from Spain into Morocco, ending Roman rule there.
See also Roman Empire.